Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)

School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

GNITC (Regulation -R18)

DETAILED SYLLABUS of II, III, IV [Link]

ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION

ENGINEERING
(Applicable for the batches admitted from 2018-19)
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

COURSE STRUCTURE

(Applicable for the batch admitted from 2018-19)

II YEAR I SEMESTER

Sl. No. Code Group Subject L T P Contac C

t
hrs/wk
1 18PC0EC01 PC Electronic Devices And Circuits 3 0 0 3 3

2 18PC0EC02 PC Digital System Design 3 0 0 3 3

3 18PC0EC03 PC Signals and Systems 3 1 0 4 4

4 18ES0EE03 ES Networks Theory 3 1 0 4 4

5 18PC0EC04 PC Electronics Devices Laboratory 0 0 2 2 1

6 18PC0EC05 PC Digital System Design Laboratory 0 0 2 2 1

7 18BS0MA03 BS Mathematics-III 3 1 0 4 4

8 18PC0EC06 PC Basic Simulation Laboratory 0 0 2 2 1

9 18MC0EN0 MC Constitution of India 3 0 0 3 0

1
Total Credits 21
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

II Year [Link]. ECE I-Sem

L T P C

3 0 0 3

(18PC0EC01) ELECTRONIC DEVICES AND CIRCUITS

Prerequisite: Nil
Course Objectives:
Understand the structure of basic electronic devices and IC fabrication.
Familiarize the operation, characteristics and applications of transistor like BJT and FET.
Course Outcomes:
At the end of this course students will demonstrate the ability to
1. Understand the principles of semiconductor Physics.
2. Understand various types of diodes, characteristics of diodes.
3. Understand the working of transistors like BJT, FETs, and MOSFETs.
4. Understand and utilize the mathematical models of semiconductor junctions and MOS transistors for
circuits and systems.
5. Understand the Fabrication process.

Syllabus

UNIT I: Introduction to Semiconductor Physics

Introduction to Semiconductor Physics: Review of Quantum Mechanics, Energy bands in intrinsic and
extrinsic silicon; Carrier transport: diffusion current, drift current, mobility and resistivity. Generation and
recombination of carriers; Poisson and continuity equation P-N junction characteristics, Qualitative Theory
of P-N Junction

UNIT II: Semiconductor Diodes

P-N Junction as a Diode, Diode Equation, Volt- Ampere Characteristics, Temperature dependence of VI
characteristic, Ideal versus Practical–Resistance levels(Static and Dynamic), Transition and Diffusion
Capacitances, Diode Equivalent Circuits, Load Line Analysis,
Breakdown Mechanisms in Semiconductor Diodes - Avalanche breakdown and Zener breakdown, Zener
Diode Characteristics. Special Purpose Diodes: Tunnel diode, Varactor diode, Schottky diode, LED and
photodiode

UNIT III:Transistor Characteristics

Bipolar Junction Transistor construction and operation , Transistor Current Components, , Ebers-Moll
Model, Common Base, Common Emitter and Common Collector Configurations, Limits of Operation ,
BJT Specifications, Transistor as an Amplifier - Comparison of CB, CE and CC Configurations.
Introduction to JFET - MOS construction , I-V characteristics.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

UNIT IV: Biasing and Small Signal Model

Amplifier models: Voltage amplifier, current amplifier, trans-conductance amplifier and trans-resistance
amplifier. Biasing schemes for BJT and FET amplifiers, bias stability, Small signal models of BJT and
MOS transistor, BJT Hybrid Model - Determination of h-parameters.

UNIT V: Introduction to IC Fabrication Process

Integrated circuit fabrication process: oxidation, diffusion, ion implantation, photolithography, Etching,
chemical vapor deposition, sputtering, twin-tub CMOS process.

Text Books:
1. Electronic Devices and Circuits – J. Millman, [Link], and Satyabrata Jit,2 Ed.,1998, TMH.
2. G. Streetman, and S. K. Banerjee, “Solid State Electronic Devices,” 7th edition, Pearson,2014.
3. D. Neamen , D. Biswas "Semiconductor Physics and Devices," McGraw-Hill Education
4. S. M. Sze and K. N. Kwok, “Physics of Semiconductor Devices,” 3rd edition, John Wiley &Sons,
2006.

Reference Books:
1. C.T. Sah, “Fundamentals of solid state electronics,” World Scientific Publishing Co. Inc,
1991.
2. Y. Tsividis and M. Colin, “Operation and Modeling of the MOS Transistor,” Oxford
[Link], 2011.
[Link] Electronics – J. Millman and Christos C. Halkias, 1991 Ed., 2008, TMH.
4. Electronic Devices and Circuits – R.L. Boylestad and Louis Nashelsky, 9 Ed., 2006, PEI/PHI.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

II Year [Link]. ECE I-Sem L T P C

3 0 0 3
(18PC0EC02) DIGITAL SYSTEM DESIGN
Prerequisite: Nil
Course Objective:
Student will be able to Learn and apply logic in digital systems for design and analysis.
Course outcomes:
At the end of this course students will demonstrate the ability to
1. Design and analyze combinational logic circuits
2. Design & analyze modular combinational circuits with MUX/DEMUX, Decoder, Encoder
3. Design & analyze synchronous sequential logic circuits
4. Use HDL & appropriate EDA tools for digital logic design and simulation

Syllabus
UNIT I: Boolean algebra and Logic Simplification
Review of Boolean Algebra and DeMorgan’s Theorem, SOP & POS forms, Canonical forms, Karnaugh
maps, tabulation method - up to 6 variables, Code Conversion, Binary codes, Introduction to Logic Gates.

UNIT II: Combinational and Sequential Logic Design

Combinational Logic design :Half and Full Adders, Subtractors, Serial and Parallel Adders, BCD Adder,
Comparators, Multiplexers, Encoder, Decoder, Implementation of Boolean function using Multiplexers,
decoders and universal gates.
Sequential Logic design : Latches and Flip-Flops, S-R, JK, D, T and Master-Slave JK Flip-Flop, Edge
triggered Flip-Flop, Ripple and Synchronous counters, Shift registers,

UNIT III: Sequential machine Design

Finite State Machines, Design of synchronous FSM, Algorithmic State Machines charts. Designing
synchronous circuits like Pulse train generator, Pseudo Random Binary Sequence generator, Clock
generation.

UNIT IV: Logic Families and Semiconductor Memories

TTL NAND gate and Specifications: Noise margin, Propagation delay, fan-in, fan-out. Tristate TTL,
ECL, CMOS families and their interfacing. Memory elements, Concept of Programmable logic devices:
PAL, PLA, EPROM, FPGA. Logic implementation using Programmable Devices.

UNIT V: Introduction to HDL

HDL, different modeling styles in VHDL, Data types and objects, Dataflow. Behavioral and Structural
Modeling, Synthesis and Simulation VHDL constructs and codes for combinational and sequential
circuits.

Text Books:
1. Switching Theory And Logic Design-A. Anand Kumar PHI,2013
2. Charles Roth, “Digital System Design using VHDL”, Tata McGraw Hill 2nd edition 2012
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

3. Digital Design-Third Edition ,[Link] Mano,pearson Education/PHI

Reference Books:
1. R.P. Jain, “Modern digital Electronics”, Tata McGraw Hill, 4th edition, 2009.
2. Douglas Perry, “VHDL”, Tata McGraw Hill, 4th edition, 2002.
3. W.H. Gothmann, “Digital Electronics- An introduction to theory and practice”, PHI, 2 ndedition ,2006.
4. D.V. Hall, “Digital Circuits and Systems”, Tata McGraw Hill, 1989
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

II Year [Link]. ECE I-Sem L T P C

3 1 0 4
(18PC0EC03) SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS
Prerequisite: Mathematics
Course Objective:
This gives the basics of signals and systems for all Electrical Engineering related courses.
Course outcomes:
1. At the end of this course students will demonstrate the ability to
2. Analyze different types of signals.
3. Represent continuous and discrete systems in time and frequency domain using different Transforms.
4. Investigate whether the system is stable.
5. Sampling and reconstruction of a signal.
6. Analyze continues-time and discrete-time signals using Laplace and Z-transforms.

Syllabus
UNIT I: Introduction to Signals and Systems
Classification of Signals: Deterministic and Random Signals, Periodic and Non Periodic, Energy and
power signals, Causal and Non-causal signals and Even and Odd signals, continuous and discrete time
signals, Analog and Digital Signals. Classification of Systems, System properties: linearity: additively and
homogeneity, shift-invariance, causality, stability, reliability, orthogonal signal space.

UNIT II: Fourier series and Fourier Transform

Fourier series representation, the Fourier Transform, properties of Fourier Transform, Fourier Transform
of standard signals, convolution /multiplication and their effect in the frequency domain, magnitude and
phase response, Fourier domain duality. The Discrete-Time Fourier Transform (DTFT) and the Discrete
Fourier Transform (DFT). Parseval's Theorem.

UNIT III: Signal transmission through Linear systems

Linear shift-invariant (LSI) systems, impulse response and step response, convolution, input output,
Behavior with a periodic convergent inputs. Characterization of causality and stability of linear shift-
invariant systems. System representation through differential equations and difference equations. Periodic
and semi-periodic inputs to an LSI system, the notion of a frequency response and its relation to the
impulse response,

UNIT IV: Laplace Transform and Z-Transform

The Laplace Transform, notion of Eigen functions of LSI systems, a basis of Eigen functions, region of
convergence, poles and zeros of system, Laplace domain analysis, solution to differential equations and
system
behavior. The z-Transform for discrete time signals and systems- Eigen functions, region of convergence,
z-domain analysis.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

UNIT V: State-space analysis and Sampling

State-space analysis and multi-input, multi-output representation. The state-transition matrix and its role.
The Sampling Theorem and its implications- Spectra of sampled signals. Reconstruction: ideal
interpolator, zero-order hold, first-order hold. Aliasing and its effects. Relation between continuous and
discrete time systems.

Text books:
1. A.V. Oppenheim, A.S. Willsky and I.T. Young, "Signals and Systems", Prentice Hall, 1983.
2 . B.P. Lathi, "Signal Processing and Linear Systems", Oxford University Press, c1998.
3. Simon Haykin, Barry van Veen, "Signals and Systems", John Wiley and Sons (Asia)
Private Limited, c1998.
4. J. Nagrath, S. N. Sharan, R. Ranjan, S. Kumar, "Signals and Systems", TMH New Delhi, 2001.
5. Signals and Systems- [Link] Rao-2008, TMH.

Reference books:
1. R.F. Ziemer, W.H. Tranter and D.R. Fannin, "Signals and Systems - Continuous and Discrete", 4th
edition, Prentice Hall, 1998.
2. Papoulis, "Circuits and Systems: A Modern Approach", HRW, 1980.
3. Douglas K. Lindner, "Introduction to Signals and Systems", McGraw Hill International Edition: c1999.
4. Robert A. Gabel, Richard A. Roberts, "Signals and Linear Systems", John Wiley and Sons, 1995.
5. M. J. Roberts, "Signals and Systems - Analysis using Transform methods and MATLAB", TMH, 2003.
6. Ashok Ambardar, "Analog and Digital Signal Processing", 2nd Edition, Brooks/ Cole Publishing
Company (An international Thomson Publishing Company), 1999.
7. Signals and Systems- Iyer and K. Satya Prasad, Cengage Learning.
8. Signals and Systems- A. Anand Kumar-2016, PHI.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

II Year [Link]. ECE I-Sem L T P C

3 1 0 4
(18ES0EE03) Network Theory
Course Outcomes:
1. At the end of this course students will demonstrate the ability to
2. Understand basics electrical circuits with nodal and mesh analysis.
3. Appreciate electrical network theorems.
4. Apply Laplace Transform for steady state and transient analysis.
5. Determine different network functions.
6. Appreciate the frequency domain techniques

Syllabus
Unit I: Network Analysis:
Node and Mesh Analysis, matrix approach of network containing voltage and current sources, and
reactances, source transformation and duality.

Unit II: Network Theorems:

Superposition theorem, Thevenin theorem, Norton theorem, Maximum power transfer theorem,
Reciprocity theorem, Compensation theorem.

Unit III: Electrical Circuit Analysis Using Laplace Transforms

Analysis of RC, RL, and RLC networks with and without initial conditions for standard inputs. Poles and
Zeros. Behaviors of series and parallel resonant circuits.

Unit IV: Transient Behavior

Transient behavior, concept of complex frequency, Driving points and transfer functions poles and zeros
of immittance function, their properties, sinusoidal response from pole-zero locations, convolution
theorem .

Unit V: Two Port Network and Filters

Two port network and interconnections, Introduction to band pass, low pass, high pass and band reject
filters.

Text Books:
1. Van, Valkenburg, “Network analysis”; Prentice hall of India, 2000
2. Sudhakar, A., Shyammohan, S. P. “Circuits and Network”; Tata McGraw-Hill New Delhi, 1994.
Reference Books:
1. A William Hayt, “Engineering Circuit Analysis” 8th Edition, McGraw-Hill Education, 2013.
2. [Link], “Network Analysis”, Khanna Publications, 2010.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

II Year [Link]. ECE I-Sem L T P C

0 0 2 1
(18PC0EC04) ELECTRONICS DEVICES LABORATORY
Hands-on experiments related to the course contents of EC01
Course Objectives
1. To understand operation of semiconductor devices.
2. To identify the components and characteristics of various active devices.
Course Outcomes:
1. Understand the current voltage characteristics of semiconductor devices.
2. Analyze dc circuits and relate ac models of semiconductor devices with their physical operation.
3. Design and analyze of electronic circuits.
4. Evaluate frequency response to understand behavior of Electronics circuits.

Part A: (Only for viva-voce Examination)

ELECTRONIC WORKSHOP PRACTICE (in 3 Laboratory sessions):
Identification, Specification, testing of R, L,C components (color codes), Potentiometers (SPDT,
DPDT, and DIP), Coils, Gang Condensers, Relays, Bread Board, PCB’s
Identification, Specification, testing of Active devices: Diodes, BJT, Low power JFET’s,
MOSFET’s, Power
Transistors, LED’s, LCD’s, SCR, UJT.
Study and operation of:
1. Multimeters (Analog and Digital)
2. Function Generator
3. Regulated Power Supplies
4. CRO

Part B: (For Laboratory Examination – Minimum of 12 experiments)

1. Forward Bias V-I characteristics of PN junction Diode
2. Reverse Bias V-I characteristics of PN junction Diode.
3. Zener diode V-I characteristics.
4. Zener diode as voltage regulator.
5. Schottky diode V-I characteristics
6. Input and output Characteristics of a BJT in CE configuration.
7. Input and output Characteristics of a BJT in CB configuration.
8. Input and output Characteristics of a BJT in CC configuration.
9. FET characteristics in CS configuration.
10. FET characteristics in CD configuration.
11. FET characteristics in CG configuration.
12. N-MOSFET characteristics
13. P-MOSFET characteristics
14. Switching characteristics of photo diode
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

II Year [Link]. ECE I-Sem L T P C

0 0 2 1
(18PC0EC05) DIGITAL SYSTEM DESIGN LABORATORY

1. To study and verify the truth table of logic gates.

2. To realize half and full adder
3. To realize half and full subtractor.
4. To study and verify the truth table of BCD to excess-3 code converter and vice versa.
5. To convert given binary numbers to gray codes and vice versa.
6. To verify the truth table of multiplexer using IC 74153 and de-multiplexer using IC 74139.
7. To verify the truth table of multiplexer and de-multiplexer using NAND gates.
8. To verify the truth table of one bit and two bit comparator using logic gates.
9. To verify the truth table of the following flip flop
I. JK Master Slave
II. D-type
III. T-type
13. To store a set of data in a RAM using IC 2114
14. Design of basic Gates: AND, OR, NOT using Hardware Descriptive Language –
(VHDL/Verilog/Equivalent)
15. Design of 2:1 Mix using basic gates using (VHDL/Verilog/Equivalent)
16. Design of Full Adder, Full Subtractor using 3 modeling styles in (VHDL/Verilog/Equivalent)
[Link] of all type of Flip-Flops using Sequential Constructs in (VHDL/Verilog/Equivalent)
18. Design counters (MOD 5, MOD 8) using (VHDL/Verilog/Equivalent)

Note: Minimum of 12 experiments to be conducted.

 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

II Year [Link]. ECE I-Sem L T P C

3 1 0 4
(18BS0MA03) MATHEMATICS-III

Course Objectives
1. To learn the Concepts & properties of Random variables and Probability distributions
2. To learn the concepts of correlations and regressions .
3. To understand Concepts & properties of the testing of hypothesis for large & small samples.
4. To provide basic concepts of Complex functions and Properties.
5. To learn the basics of Conformal & Bilinear Transformations.
Course Outcomes
At the end of the course, the student will be able to:
1. Identify the random variables involved in the probability models.
2. Calculate the Correlation and linear regression for a given data set.
3. Applying various statistical tests in testing of hypotheses on the given data.
4. Evaluation of integrals by using Cauchy’s integral theorem & formula
5. Understanding the concepts of Conformal & Bilinear transformations.

Syllabus

UNIT-I: Random variables and probability distributions.

Random variables – Discrete and continuous. Probability distributions, mass function/ density function of
a probability distribution. Mathematical Expectation, Moment generating function of probability
distribution. Binomial, Poisson & normal distributions and their properties.

UNIT-II: Multiple Random variables, Correlation & Regression

Joint probability distributions- Joint probability mass / density function, Marginal probability mass /
density functions, Covariance of two random variables, Correlation -Coefficient of correlation, The rank
correlation, Regression- Regression Coefficient, The lines of regression.

UNIT-III: Sampling Distributions and Testing of Hypothesis

Sampling: Definitions of population, sampling, statistic, parameter. Types of sampling, Expected values
of Sample mean and variances, sampling distribution, Standard error, Sampling distribution of means and
sampling distribution of variances.
Testing of hypothesis: Null hypothesis, Alternate hypothesis, type I, & type II errors – critical region,
confidence interval, and Level of significance. One sided test, Two sided test,
Large sample tests: Test of Equality of means of two samples equality of sample mean and population
mean.

UNIT-IV: Functions of Complex Variables

Complex functions and its representation on Argand plane, Concepts of limit Continuity, Differentiability,
Analyticity, and Cauchy-Riemann conditions, Harmonic functions – Milne – Thompson method.
Line integral – Evaluation along a path and by indefinite integration – Cauchy’s integral theorem –
Cauchy’s integral formula – Generalized integral formula
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

UNIT – V: Conformal mapping.

Power series expansions of complex functions : Radius of convergence – Expansion in Taylor’s series,
Maclaurin’s series and Laurent series. Singular point –Isolated singular point – pole of order m – essential
singularity. Residues– Residue theorem.
Conformal mapping: Transformation of z-plane to w-plane by a function, Conformal transformation.
Standard transformations- Translation; Magnification and rotation; inversion and reflection,
Transformations like ez , log z, z2, and Bilinear transformation. Properties of Bilinear transformation,
determination of bilinear transformation when mappings of 3 points are given .

Suggested Text/Reference Books

1. B.S. Grewal, Higher Engineering Mathematics, Khanna Publishers, 36th Edition, 2010.

2. Ramana B.V., Higher Engineering Mathematics, Tata McGraw Hill New Delhi, 11 th Reprint,
2010.
3. Erwin kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 9th Edition, John Wiley & Sons, 2006.
4. G.B. Thomas and R.L. Finney, Calculus and Analytic geometry, 9th Edition, Pearson, Reprint,
2002.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

II Year [Link]. ECE I-Sem L T P C

0 0 2 1
(18PC0EC06) BASIC SIMULATION LABORATORY

1. Basic Operations on Matrices

2. Generation of Various Signals and Sequences (Periodic and Aperiodic), such as UNIT Impulse,
UNIT Step, Square, Saw tooth, Triangular, Sinusoidal, Ramp, Sinc.
3. Operations on Signals and Sequences such as Addition, Multiplication, Scaling, Shifting, Folding,
Computation of Energy and Average Power.
4. Finding the Even and Odd parts of Signal/Sequence and Real and Imaginary parts of Signal.
5. Convolution for Signals and sequences.
6. Auto Correlation and Cross Correlation for Signals and Sequences.
7. Verification of Linearity and Time Invariance Properties of a given Continuous/Discrete system
8. Computation of UNIT sample, UNIT step and Sinusoidal responses of the given LTI system and
verifying its physical realiazability and stability properties.
9. Finding the Fourier Transform of a given signal and plotting its magnitude and phase spectrum.
10. Waveform Synthesis using Laplace Transform.
11. Locating the Zeros and Poles and plotting the Pole-Zero maps in S-plane and Z-Plane for the given
transfer function.
12. Sampling Theorem Verification.
13. Removal of noise by Autocorrelation / Cross correlation

Note: Minimum of 10 experiments to be conducted in the Laboratory

MATLAB, SkyLab or equivalent software to be used.

 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

II Year [Link]. ECE I-Sem L T P C

3 0 0 0

(18MC0EN01) CONSTITUTION OF INDIA

Course Objective:

The course is structured and taught to enable a non social science students to appreciate and understand the
evolution of the institutions and dynamics of functioning of the institutions. This constitutes itself as
political process and affects and effects the individual and the society in its life as a person and citizen and
develops and forms an attitude towards the political system. The main aim is to help individuals develop
into responsible, critical, reflective and productive citizens.

Course outcome:

It facilitates the understanding of various Government of Indian acts their provisions and reforms. It helps
to know the salient features in making of Indian constitution and appreciate the constitutional principles
and institutional arrangements and makes them learn about the fundamental rights and duties and the
directive principle of state policy. It inculcates skills to evaluate the evolution, functioning and
consequences of political parties in India and to identify how electoral rules and procedure in India effect
election outcomes.

Syllabus:

Unit- I Evolution of Indian Constitution

1. Constitutionalism
2.1909, 1919 and 1935 Acts
3. Constituent Assembly- Composition and Functions

UNIT-II Major features and Provisions

1. Salient features
2. Fundamental Rights and Duties
3 Directive Principles of State Policy

Unit-III Constitutional Institutions

1. Union Government-Executive (President, Prime Minister and Council of Ministers)
 Legislature (Parliament-Loksabha, Rajyasabha)
 Judiciary- Supreme Court and High Court
2. State Government-Executive (Governor, Chief Minister and Council of Ministers)
 Legislature (Legislative Assembly and Legislative Council)
3. Panchayat Raj institutions and Urban local bodies
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

Unit- IV. Federalism

 Union – State relations(Legislative, Administrative and Financial)
 Politics of federal governance and Frictions in Federal polity

Unit-V- Political Process

1. Political Parties-National and Regional
2. Pressure groups
3. Civil Society and Popular movements
4. Election Commission of India

Reading List:

1. D. D. Basu (2015) Introduction to the Constitution of India, New Delhi: LexisNexis.

2. Peu Gosh(2018) Indian Government and Politics, Delhi, PHI Pvt Ltd
3. Granville Austin (1999), The Indian Constitution – Corner Stone of a Nation, NewDelhi: Oxford.
[Link] (2018),The Constitution of Indi-LexisNexis ,Delhi
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

COURSE STRUCTURE

II YEAR II SEMESTER

Sl. Code Group Subject L T P Contact C

No. hrs/wk
1 18PC0EC07 PC Analog and Digital Communications 3 0 0 3 3

2 18PC0EC08 PC Analog Circuits 3 0 0 3 3

3 18PC0EC09 PC Probability Theory and Stochastic Processes 3 1 0 4 4

4 18PC0EC10 PC Analog and Digital Communications 0 0 2 2 1

Laboratory
5 18PC0EC11 PC Analog Circuits Laboratory 0 0 2 2 1

6 18ES0EE04 ES Control Systems 3 0 0 3 3

7 18BS0MA04 BS Mathematics-IV 3 0 0 3 3

8 18SS0MB02 HS Economics for Engineers 3 0 0 3 3

Total Credits 21

II Year [Link]. ECE II-Sem L T P C

 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

3 0 0 3
(18PC0EC07) ANALOG AND DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS
Prerequisite: Signals and Systems
Course Objective:
To master the student with different analog and digital modulation techniques and also to analyze the
behavior of a communication system in presence of noise and errors.
Course Outcomes:
1. At the end of this course students will demonstrate the ability to
2. Describe the basic components of analog and digital communication system.
3. Explain and analyze various types of analog and digital modulation techniques.
4. Analyze the behavior of a communication system in presence of noise and errors.
5. Demonstrate optimal transmission and reception of digital signals

Syllabus
UNIT I: Analog Modulation and Demodulation
Need for modulation, Amplitude Modulation and Demodulation Techniques: AM-Square Law and
Envelope Detector, DSB-Balanced Modulator and Synchronous Detector, SSB- Phase Discriminator and
Sync Detector, VSB, Angle Modulation and Demodulation Techniques: FM-Direct FM Armstrong
Method and PLL Method, PM, Frequency Division Multiplexing and Time Division multiplexing.

UNIT II: Noise in Analog Modulation Systems

Noise , Types of noise , Gaussian and white noise characteristics, Noise in amplitude and Frequency
modulation systems, SNR and Figure of Merit calculations, Pre-emphasis and De-emphasis, Threshold
effect in angle modulation.

UNIT III: Elements of Digital Communication Systems

Model of Digital Communication System, Advantages of Digital communication systems, Sampling
process, Pulse code modulation (PCM), Differential pulse code modulation. Delta modulation, ADM,
Noise considerations in PCM and DM.

UNIT IV: Base band and Pass band Transmission

Elements of Detection Theory, Optimum detection of signals in noise, Coherent communication with
waveforms- Probability of Error evaluations. Baseband Pulse Transmission- Inter symbol Interference and
Nyquist criterion. Pass band Digital Modulation and Demodulation schemes- Minimum Shift Keying,
Frequency Shift Keying, Phase Shift Keying, Quadrature Amplitude Modulation.

UNIT V: Optimal Reception and Tradeoffs

Digital Modulation tradeoffs. Optimum demodulation of digital signals over band-limited channels-
Maximum likelihood sequence detection (Viterbi receiver). Equalization Techniques. Synchronization and
Carrier Recovery for Digital modulation.

Text Books:
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

1. “Communication Systems” - B.P Lathi, BS Publication, 2004.

2. "Communications Systems", Simon Haykin., John Wiley and Sons, 2nd Edition, 2001.
3. “Principles of Communication Systems”- Herbert Taub, Donald L Schiling, Gautam Saha, 3 rd Edition,
McGraw-Hill, 2008.
4. “Digital and Analog Communication Systems”- Sam Shanmugam, John Wiley, 2005
5. “Digital Communications”- John G. Proakis, Masoud Saheli- 5th edition, Mcgraw-Hill, 2008

Reference Books:
1. “Analog and Digital Communication” – K. Sam Shanmugham, Wiiey, 2005.
2. “Electronic Communications” – Dennis Roddy and John Coolean,4th Edition,PEA,2004.
3. "Communication Systems Engineering", Proakis J. G. and Salehi M., Pearson Education, 2002.
4. ``Principles of Communication Engineering'', Wozencraft J. M. and Jacobs I. M., John Wiley, 1965.
5.``Digital Communication'', Kluwer , Barry J. R., Lee E. A. and Messerschmitt D. G.,
Academic Publishers, 2004.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

II Year [Link]. ECE II-Sem L T P C

3 0 0 3
(18PC0EC08) ANALOG CIRCUITS

Prerequisite: Electronic Devices

Course Objectives:
To gain thorough knowledge of amplifiers with low and high frequency analysis.
To gain knowledge of Op-amp and its applications and data converters.
Course Outcomes:
At the end of this course students will demonstrate the ability to
1. Understand the characteristics of transistors
2. Design and analyze various amplifier circuits
3. Design sinusoidal oscillators
4. Understand the functioning of OP-AMP and design OP-AMP based circuits
5. Design ADC and DAC

Syllabus

UNIT I: Transistor Low Frequency Analysis

Low frequency transistor models, Analysis of CE, CB, CC amplifier using h parameter model: estimation
of voltage gain, input resistance, output resistance etc., multistage amplifiers, low frequency analysis of
multistage amplifiers, design procedure for RC coupled amplifier.

UNIT II: Transistor High frequency model and power amplifiers

High frequency transistor models, CE short circuit current gain, relation between f α, fβ, fT, frequency
response of single stage and multistage amplifiers, cascode amplifier..Power Amplifiers - Various classes
of operation (Class A, B, AB, C etc.), their power efficiency and linearity issues.

UNIT III: Feedback amplifiers and Oscillators

Feedback topologies: Voltage series, current series, voltage shunt, current shunt, effect of feedback on
gain, bandwidth etc., concept of stability, gain margin and phase margin..Oscillators: Review of the basic
concept, Barkhausen criterion, RC oscillators : Phase Shift, Wien Bridge, LC oscillators: Hartley,
Colpitts, Clapp, Crystal oscillators.

UNIT IV: Basics of OP-AMP and its Applications

Basic structure, principle and modes of operation, AC and DC characteristics. CMRR and PSRR. OP-
AMP applications: Integrator and Differentiator, Summing amplifier, instrumentation amplifier, Schmitt
trigger and its applications. Filters: Design of first order Low pass, high pass, band pass and band stop
filters.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

UNIT V: A/D and D/A Convertors

Digital-to-analog converters (DAC): Weighted resistor, R-2R ladder, Inverted R-2R, Analog-to-digital
converters (ADC): Flash, Single slope, dual slope, Successive approximation, Counter type, DAC/ADC
Specifications.

Text Books:
1. Analog Electronics, A.K. Maini, Khanna Publishing House
2. Linear Integrated circuits, Roy Chowdary and Shail B. Jain 5th edition.
3. Paul R. Gray and Robert [Link], Analysis and Design of Analog Integrated Circuits,
John Wiley, 3rd Edition

Reference Books:
1. J. Millman and A. Grabel, Microelectronics, 2nd edition, McGraw Hill, 1988.
2. A.S. Sedra and K.C. Smith, Microelectronic Circuits, Saunder's College11, Publishing, Edition IV
3. Op - Amps and Linear Integrated Circuits,Ramakanth [Link],Fourth edition,PHI Publication.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

II Year [Link]. ECE II-Sem L T P

C
3 1 0 4
(18PC0EC09) PROBABILITY THEORY AND STOCHASTIC PROCESSES
Prerequisite: Nil
Course Objective:
Aim to understand random signal and system response
Course Outcomes:
At the end of this course students will demonstrate the ability to
1. Understand representation of random signals
2. Investigate characteristics of random processes
3. Make use of theorems related to random signals
4. To understand propagation of random signals in LTI systems.

Syllabus
UNIT I: Probability and Random Variable
Probability: Probability introduced through Sets and Relative Frequency, Experiments and Sample Spaces,
Discrete and Continuous Sample Spaces, Events, Probability Definitions and Axioms, Mathematical
Model of Experiments, Probability as a Relative Frequency, Joint Probability, Conditional Probability,
Total Probability, ayes’ Theorem, Independent [Link] Variable:
Definition of a Random Variable, Conditions for a Function to be a Random Variable, Discrete,
Continuous and Mixed Random Variables

UNIT II: Distribution & Density Functions and Operation on One Random Variable – Expectations
Distribution & Density Functions: Distribution and Density functions and their Properties - Binomial,
Poisson, Uniform, Gaussian, Exponential, Rayleigh and Conditional Distribution, Methods of defining
Conditional Event, Conditional Density, and Properties.
Operation on One Random Variable – Expectations: Introduction, Expected Value of a Random
Variable, Function of a Random Variable, Moments about the Origin, Central Moments, Variance and
Skew, Chebychev’s Inequality, Characteristic Function, Moment Generating Function, Transformations of
a Random Variable: Monotonic Transformations for a Continuous Random Variable, Non-monotonic
Transformations of Continuous Random Variable, Transformation of a Discrete Random Variable

UNIT III: Multiple Random Variables and Operations

Multiple Random Variables: Vector Random Variables, Joint Distribution Function, Properties of Joint
Distribution, Marginal Distribution Functions, Conditional Distribution and Density – Point Conditioning,
Conditional Distribution and Density – Interval conditioning, Statistical Independence, Sum of Two
Random Variables, Sum of Several Random Variables, Central Limit Theorem (Proof not expected),
Unequal Distribution, Equal Distributions..Operations on Multiple Random Variables: Expected Value of
a Function of Random Variables: Joint Moments about the Origin, Joint Central Moments, Joint
Characteristic Functions, And Jointly Gaussian Random Variables: Two Random Variables case, N
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

Random Variable case, Properties, Transformations of Multiple Random Variables, Linear

Transformations of Gaussian Random Variables.

UNIT IV: Stochastic Processes – Temporal Characteristics

The Stochastic Process Concept, Classification of Processes, Deterministic and Nondeterministic
Processes, Distribution and Density Functions, Concept of Stationary and Statistical Independence, First-
Order Stationary Processes, Second-Order and Wide-Sense Stationarity, Nth Order and Strict-Sense
Stationary, Time Averages and Ergodicity, Mean-Ergodic Processes, Correlation-Ergodic Processes,
Autocorrelation Function and its Properties, Cross-Correlation Function and its Properties, Covariance and
its Properties, Linear System Response of Mean and Mean-squared Value, Autocorrelation Function,
Cross-Correlation Functions, Gaussian Random Processes, Poisson Random Process.

UNIT V: Stochastic Processes – Spectral Characteristics

Power Spectrum: Properties, Relationship between Power Spectrum and Autocorrelation Function,
Cross-Power Density Spectrum, Properties, Relationship between Cross-Power Spectrum and Cross-
Correlation Function, Spectral Characteristics of System Response: Power Density Spectrum of Response,
Cross-Power Spectral Density of Input and Output of a Linear System

Text Books:
1. H. Stark and J. Woods, ``Probability and Random Processes with Applications to Signal
Processing,'' Third Edition, Pearson Education
2. A. Papoulis and S. Unnikrishnan Pillai, ``Probability, Random Variables and Stochastic
Processes,'' Fourth Edition, McGraw Hill.

Reference Books:
3. K. L. Chung, Introduction to Probability Theory with Stochastic Processes, Springer
International
4. P. G. Hoel, S. C. Port and C. J. Stone, Introduction to Probability, UBS Publishers,
5. P. G. Hoel, S. C. Port and C. J. Stone, Introduction to Stochastic Processes, UBS
Publishers
6.S. Ross, Introduction to Stochastic Models, Harcourt Asia, Academic Press.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

II Year [Link]. ECE II-Sem L T P C

0 0 2 1

(18PC0EC10) ANALOG AND DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS LABORATORY

1. Amplitude modulation and demodulation

1. DSB-SC Modulator & Detector
2. SSB-SC Modulator & Detector (Phase Shift Method)
3. Frequency modulation and demodulation.
4. Study of spectrum analyzer
5. Pre-emphasis & de-emphasis
6. Time Division Multiplexing & De multiplexing
7. Verification of Sampling Theorem
8. Pulse Amplitude Modulation & Demodulation
9. PCM Generation and Detection
10. Differential Pulse Code Modulation
11. Delta Modulation
12. Amplitude Shift Keying: Generation and Detection
13. Frequency Shift Keying: Generation and Detection
14. Phase Shift Keying: Generation and Detection

NOTE: Minimum of 12 experiments to be conducted.

 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

II Year [Link]. ECE II-Sem L T P C

0 0 2 1
(18PC0EC11) ANALOG CIRCUITS LABORATORY

(For Laboratory Examination – Minimum of 12 experiments)

PART A:
1. Common Emitter Amplifier
2. Common Base Amplifier
3. Common Source Amplifier
4. Two stage RC Coupled Amplifier
5. Current Shunt and Voltage Feedback Amplifier
6. Cascode Amplifier
7. Wien Bridge Oscillator using Transistors
8. RC Phase Shift Oscillator using Transistors
9. Hartley and Colpitt’s Oscillator

PART B:

1. Inverting and Non-inverting Amplifiers using Op Amps.

2. Comparators using Op Amp.
3. Integrator Circuit using IC 741.
4. Differentiator circuit using Op Amp.
5. To plot the frequency response of Ist order LPF.
6. To plot the frequency response of Ist order HPF
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

II Year [Link]. ECE II-Sem L T P C

3 0 0 3
(18ES0EE04) Control Systems

Course Outcomes:
At the end of this course, students will demonstrate the ability to
 Understand the modelling of linear-time-invariant systems using transfer function and state-space
representations.
 Understand the concept of stability and its assessment for linear-time invariant systems.
 Design simple feedback controllers.

Module 1: Introduction to control problem

Industrial Control examples. Mathematical models of physical systems. Feedback Control: Open-Loop and
Closed-loop systems. Benefits of Feedback. Block diagram algebra, Transfer Function of Servo motor
(AC&DC) Synchro transmitter and Receiver, Representation by Signal flow graphs.

Module 2: Time Response Analysis

Standard test signals. Time response of first and second order systems for standard test inputs. Application
of initial and final value theorem. Design specifications for second-order systems based on the time-
response. Concept of Stability. Routh-Hurwitz Criteria. Relative Stability analysis. Root-Locus
technique. Construction of Root-loci.

Module 3: Frequency-response analysis

Relationship between time and frequency response, Frequency domain specifications Polar plots, Bode
plots. Nyquist stability criterion. Relative stability using Nyquist criterion – gain and phase margin.

Module 4: Introduction to Controller Design

Stability, steady-state accuracy, transient accuracy, disturbance rejection, insensitivity and robustness of
control systems. Root-loci method of feedback controller design. Design specifications in frequency-
domain. Frequency-domain methods of design. Application of Proportional, Integral and Derivative
Controllers, Lead and Lag compensation in designs.

Module 5: State variable Analysis

Concepts of state variables. State space model. Diagonalization of State Matrix. Solution of state
equations. Eigen values and Stability Analysis. State Transition Matrix and it’s Properties. Concept of
controllability and observability. Pole-placement by state feedback. Discrete-time systems. Difference
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

Equations. State-space models of linear discrete-time systems

Text Books:
1. M. Gopal, “Control Systems: Principles and Design”, McGraw Hill Education, 1997.
2. I. J. Nagrath and M. Gopal, “Control Systems Engineering”, New Age International, 2009.

References Books:

1. B. C. Kuo, “Automatic Control System”, Prentice Hall, 1995.

 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

II Year [Link]. ECE II-Sem

L T P C

3 0 0 3
(18BS0MA04) MATHEMATICS IV
Course Objectives:
1. To learn the Concepts & properties of Laplace Transforms solving differential equations using
Laplace transform techniques.
2. To provide Numerical approximation to the roots of an equation by various methods.
3. To provide the concepts of Fourier series & Fourier Transform.
4. To provide the concepts of solutions of linear & Non-Linear Partial differential
equations and solutions to various applications in Engineering e.g., wave equation, heat equation and
Laplace equations.
Course Outcomes:
At the end of the course, the student will be able to:
1. Understand the concept of Laplace Transform and its applications
2. Understand the concept of Inverse Laplace Transform and its applications
3. Visualize relationship between Fourier series & Fourier transforms and its Engineering
applications.
4. Find the solutions of Engineering Applications such as wave equation; heat equation and Laplace
equations by using partial differential equation.

Syllabus

UNIT–I: Laplace Transform

Definition of integral transform, Domain of the function and kernel for the Laplace transform, Laplace
transform of standard functions , First shifting theorem, Laplace transform of functions when they are
multiplied or divided by t. Laplace transform of derivatives and integrals-Unit step function-second
shifting theorem-Dirac delta function ,Periodic function.

UNIT-II: Inverse Laplace Transform and applications

Inverse Laplace transform by partial fractions, Inverse Laplace transform of functions when they are
multiplied or divided by s, Inverse Laplace transform of derivatives and integrals ,Convolution theorem-
Solving differential equation by Laplace transforms.

UNIT-III: Fourier series

Definition of periodic function .Fourier expansion of periodic function in a given interval of
2π,Determination of Fourier coefficients-Fourier series of even and odd functions-Fourier series in any
arbitrary interval-even and odd functions-Half-range Fourier Sine and Cosine expansions

UNIT-IV: Fourier Transforms

Fourier integral theorem- Fourier Sine and Cosine integrals, Fourier transforms, Fourier Sine and Cosine
transforms –properties of Fourier transforms-Inverse Fourier transforms-Finite Fourier transforms.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

UNIT-V: Partial Differential Equations

Introduction and formation of Partial differential equations by elimination of arbitrary constants and
arbitrary functions ,solutions of first order linear equations(Lagrange’s) and non linear equations
(Charpit’s method) Method of separation of variables for second order equations.

Text Books:
1. Higher Engineering Mathematics By B S Grewal, Khanna Publications.
2. Engineering Mathematics By Erwin Kreyszig, Wiely Publications

Reference Books:
1. Engineering Mathematics By Srimantapal & Subodh C. Bhunia, Oxford University Press.
2. Advanced Engineering Mathematics By Peter V O’neil, Cengage Learning
3. Mathematical Methods By Dr. S. Sivaiah, University Science Press 2013.
4. Mathematical Methods By T. K. V. Iyengar & B. Krishna Gandhi, S. chand. Publishing.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

II Year [Link]. ECE II-Sem

L T P C
3 0 0 3

(18SS0MB02) ECONOMICS FOR ENGINEERS

Course Objective:
To learn the basic Business types, impact of the Economy on Business and Firms specifically. To analyze
the Budget and understand the employment.
Course Outcome:
1. The students will understand the various Forms economic variables.
2. The students will understand the importance of Capital Budgeting, Demand, and Supply.
3. The Students can study the Commercial Banks, Cost & Cost Control, Employment - Informal,
Organized, Unorganized Sectors.

Syllabus

UNIT-1
Basic Principles and Methodology of Economics. Demand/Supply-Elasticity-Government Policies and
Application. Theory of the firm and Market Structure. Aggregate Demand and Supply (IS/LM). Price
Indices (WPI/CPI), Interest rates.

UNIT-2
Central Bank Monetary Aggregates; Commercial Banks & Their functions: Capital and debt markets.
Monetary and Fiscal Policy Tools & their impact on the economy-Inflation and Phillips curve.

UNIT-3
Elements of Business / Managerial Economics and forms of organizations. Cost & Cost Control -
Techniques, Types of costs, Budgets even analysis, Statement - cash flow, financial. Case study method.

UNIT-4
Capital Budgeting. Investment Analysis – NPV, ROI, IPR Payback period, Depreciation, Time Value of
money. Business forecasting - Elementary techniques.

UNIT- 5
Employment - Informal, Organized, Unorganized, Public, Private, Challenges and Policy debates, Fiscal,
Social, External sectors.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

Reference Books
1. Mankiw Gregory N (2002) , Principles of Economics Thompson Asia.
2. V Mote, S Paul, G Gupta (2004) , Managerial Economics, Tata Mc Graw Hill.
3. Misra, S.K. and Puri (2009) , Indian Economy, Himalaya.
4. Pareek Saroj (2003), textbook of Business Economics, Sunrise Publishers.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

COURSE STRUCTURE

III YEAR I SEMESTER

Sl. Code Group Subject L T P Contact C

No. hrs/wk
1 18SS0MB16 HS Management Science 3 0 0 3 3

2 18PC0CS01 ES Computer Organization & Architectures 3 0 0 3 3

3 18PC0EC12 PC Electromagnetic Waves and Transmission 3 1 0 4 4

Lines
4 18PC0EC13 PC VLSI Design 3 0 0 3 3

5 18PE0ECxx PE Professional Elective -1 3 0 0 3 3

18PE0EC1A Nano Electronics

18PE0EC1B Bio-Medical Electronics

18PE0EC1C Information Theory and Coding

6 18OE0ECxx OE Open Elective-1 3 0 0 3 3

7 18PC0EC14 PC VLSI Design Laboratory 0 0 3 3 2

8 18HS0EN03 H&S Advanced Communication Skills Lab 0 0 2 2 1

9 18MC0CH01 MC Environmental science 3 0 0 3 0

10 18MC0CS02 MC Fundamentals of Cyber Security 3 0 0 3 0

Total Credits 22
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

MANAGEMENT SCIENCE ( 18SSOMB16)

I

L T P C ·i
3 0 0 3
Course Objective:
• The course introduces the basic concepts of Management Science and Operations
Management and its application to business. The topics include human resource
management, project and strategic ma nagement; the course develops problem solving
and spreadsheet skills, an invaluable tool for modern business.

Course Outcomes:
• Students will be able to gain an understanding of the core concepts of
Management Science and Operations Management;
• To discuss applications in many f unctional areas (operations and Human
resources, strategy, marketing,
• To get familiar with Project management techniques and strategic management

Unit - I: Introduction to Management & Organisation: Concepts of Management and

organization- nature, importance and Functions of Management, Systems Approach to

Management - Leadership Styles. Basic concepts related to Organisation Types and Evaluation of

Orga nisation structures.

Unit - II: Operations & Marketing Management: Principles and Types of Plant Layout-

Methods of production (Job, batch a nd Mass Production), Work Study - Basic procedure

involved in· Method Study and Work Measurement -Statistical Qua lity Control: control charts,

(simple Problems) and Acceptance Sampling, TQM, Six Sigma, JIT System, Supply Chain

Management- Functions of Marketing, Marketing Mix, and Marketing Strategies based on

Product Life Cycle, Channels of distribution.

 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

Unit - Ill: Human Resources Management (HRM): Concepts of HRM- Basic functions of HR
Manager : Manpower planning, Recruitment, Selection, Training and Development, Placement,
Wage and Salary Administration, Promotion, Transfer, Separation, Performance Appraisal,
Grievance Handling and Welfar e Administration, Job Evaluation and Merit Rating.

Unit - IV: Project Management (PERT/CPM}: PERT Vs CPM· Identifying critical path, Probability
of Completing the project within given time. Project Cost Analysis, Project Crashing
(simple problems) .

Unit - V: Strategic Management: Mission, Goals, Objectives. Policy, Strategy, Programmes,

Elements of Corporate Planning Process, Environmental Scanning, Value Chain Analysis,

SWOT Analysis, Steps in Strategy Formulation and Implementation, Generic Strategy

alternatives.

Suggested Readings:

• Aryasri: Management Science, McGraw Hill, 2015 .

• [Link] Kumar and N. Appa Rao Management Science, Cengage, 2014
• Kotler Philip & Keller Kevin Lane: Marketing Management, Pearson, 2014 .
• Koontz & Weihrich: Essentials of Management, McGraw Hill,2014.
• Thomas [Link] & John [Link] Management-Prin ciples and Guidelines,
Biztantra , 2014.
• Kanishka Bedi, Production and Operations Management, Oxford University Press, 2014.

II Year B. Tech. ECE I-Sem

L T P C
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

3 0 0 3

COMPUTER ORGANIZATION & ARCHITECTURE (18PC0CS01)

PRE-REQUISITE:
1. A course on “Programming for Problem Solving”

CO-REQUISITE:
1. A course on “Analog & Digital Electronics”

COURSE OBJECTIVE:
This course is intended to pertain the knowledge of computer science and electronics engineering to
computer hardware and assembly level programming

SYLLABUS:

UNIT – I
Digital Computers: Introduction, Block diagram of Digital Computer, Definition of Computer
Organization, Computer Design and Computer Architecture.

Register Transfer Language and Micro operations: Register Transfer language, Register Transfer,
Bus and memory transfers, Arithmetic Micro operations, logic micro operations, shift micro operations,
Arithmetic logic shift unit.
Basic Computer Organization and Design: Instruction codes, Computer Registers Computer
instructions, Timing and Control, Instruction cycle, Memory Reference Instructions, Input – Output and
Interrupt, Complete Computer Description.

UNIT – II
Micro Programmed Control: Control memory, Address sequencing, micro program example, design of
control unit. Central Processing Unit: General Register Organization, STACK organization, Instruction
Formats, Addressing modes, Data Transfer and Manipulation, Program Control.

UNIT – III
Data Representation: Data types, Complements, Fixed Point Representation, Floating Point
[Link] Arithmetic: Addition and subtraction, multiplication Algorithms, Division
Algorithms, Floating – point Arithmetic operations. Decimal Arithmetic unit, Decimal Arithmetic
operations.

UNIT – IV
Input-Output Organization: Input-Output Interface, Asynchronous data transfer, Modes of Transfer,
Priority Interrupt Direct memory Access, Input –Output Processor (IOP).
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

Memory Organization: Memory Hierarchy, Main Memory, Auxiliary memory, Associate Memory,
Cache Memory.

UNIT – V
Reduced Instruction Set of Computer: CISC Characteristics, RISC Characteristics.
Pipeline and Vector Processing: Parallel Processing, Pipelining, Arithmetic Pipeline, Instruction
Pipeline, RISC Pipeline, Vector Processing.
Multi Processors: Characteristics of Multiprocessors, Interconnection Structures, Inter processor
arbitration, Inter processor communication and synchronization, Cache Coherence.

TEXT BOOKS:
1. Computer System Architecture – M. Moris Mano, Third Edition, Pearson/PHI.
2. Computer Organization – Car Hamacher, Zvonks Vranesic, SafeaZaky, Vth Edition, McGraw Hill.

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Computer Organization and Architecture – William Stallings Sixth Edition, Pearson/PHI.
2. Structured Computer Organization – Andrew S. Tanenbaum, 4th Edition PHI/Pearson.

COURSE OUTCOMES:
By the end of the course, the students will be able to:
CO 1: Describe the basic structure and fundamentals of computer
CO 2: Discuss the RTL, Micro operations and micro programmed control
CO 3: Interpret the data and storage organization
CO 4: Model the Computer Architectures
CO 5: Write and examine the assembly language programs for various applications
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

III Year [Link]. ECE I-Sem

L T P C
3 1 0 4

(18PC0EC12) ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES AND TRANSMISSION LINES

Prerequisite: Vector Calculus

Course Objectives:
To introduce the student to the fundamental theory and concepts of Electromagnetic waves and
transmission lines, and their practical applications
Course Outcomes:
1. At the end of this course students will be able to State the Maxwell’s equations.
2. Distinguish the plane waves and their propagation in different media.
3. Compute the transmission lines parameters
4. Analyze the Rectangular waveguides
5. Define the Basics of Antenna

Syllabus
UNIT I: Electrostatics and Magneto statics
Maxwell’s Equations- Basics of Vectors, Vector calculus, Basic laws of Electromagnetics, Coulomb’s
Law, Electric Field Intensity – Fields due to line and surface Charge Distributions, Electric Flux Density,
Gauss Law , Electric Potential, Relations Between E and V, Maxwell’s Two Equations for Electrostatic
Fields. Continuity Equation, Relaxation Time
Magnetostatics: Biot-Savart’s Law, Ampere’s Circuital Law , Magnetic Flux Density, Maxwell’s Two
Equations for Magneto static Fields, Magnetic Scalar and Vector Potentials, Forces due to Magnetic
Fields, Ampere’s Force Law, Illustrative Problems Maxwell’s Equations (Time Varying Fields), Faraday’s
Law and Transformer emf, Inconsistency of Ampere’s Law and Displacement Current Density, Maxwell’s
Equations in Different Final Forms and Word Statements. .Maxwell's Equations, Boundary conditions at
Media Interface.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

UNIT-II: Uniform Plane Wave-I

Uniform Plane Wave- Uniform plane wave, Propagation of wave, Wave polarization, Poincare’s Sphere,
Wave propagation in conducting medium, phase and group velocity, Power flow and Poynting vector,
Surface current and power loss in a conductor.
Uniform Plane Wave-II
Plane Waves at a Media Interface- Plane wave in arbitrary direction, Reflection and refraction at dielectric
interface, Total Credits internal reflection, wave polarization at media interface, Reflection from a
conducting boundary.
UNIT III: Transmission Lines
Transmission Lines- Types, Parameters, Transmission Line Equations, Primary & Secondary Constants
Equations of Voltage and Current on TX line, Propagation constant and characteristic impedance, and
reflection coefficient and VSWR, Impedance Transformation on Loss-less and Low loss Transmission
line, Power transfer on TX line, Smith Chart, Admittance Smith Chart, Applications of transmission lines:
Impedance Matching, use transmission line sections as circuit elements.
UNIT IV: Waveguides
Wave propagation in parallel plane waveguide, Analysis of waveguide general approach, Rectangular
waveguide, Modal propagation in rectangular waveguide, Surface currents on the waveguide walls, Field
visualization, Attenuation in waveguide.
UNIT V: Antenna Basics
Radiation: Solution for potential function, Radiation from the Hertz dipole, Power radiated by hertz dipole,
Radiation Parameters of antenna, receiving antenna, Monopole and Dipole antenna,
Text Books:
1. Elements of Electromagnetic-Mathew [Link], 5ed, Oxford [Link]
2. R.K. Shevgaonkar, Electromagnetic Waves, Tata McGraw Hill India, 2005
3. Network Lines and Fields by John D Ryder, 2nd edition, PHI, 2003
Reference Books:
1.E.C. Jordan & K.G. Balmain, Electromagnetic waves & Radiating Systems, Prentice Hall, India
2. Narayana Rao, N: Engineering Electromagnetics, 3rd ed., Prentice Hall, 1997.
3. David Cheng , Electromagnetics, Prentice Hall
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

III Year I SEMESTER L T P C

3 0 0 3

(18PC0EC13) VLSI DESIGN

Course Objectives:
At the end of this course students will demonstrate the ability to
1. To understand the IC fabrication and performance analysis, with concepts and techniques MOS devices
with their electrical characteristics.
2. Analyze the VLSI Design Process for verification and testability.

Course Outcomes:
1. Students will be able to remember fundamentals MOS devices.
2. Students will be able to understand the concepts of Electrical characteristics
3. Students will be able to emphasize VLSI Design process
4. Students will be able to compare various IC design process
5. Students will be able to evaluate testing, system noise and performance analysis

UNIT I:
Introduction & Basic Electrical Properties of MOS
Introduction to IC Technology – MOS, PMOS, NMOS, CMOS & BiCMOS Technologies; Oxidation,
Lithography, Diffusion, Ion implantation, Metallization, Encapsulation, Probe testing, Integrated Resistors
and Capacitors, CMOS Nanotechnology. Basic Electrical Properties of MOS and BiCMOS Circuits: Ids-
Vds relationships, MOS transistor threshold Voltage, gm, gds, Figure of merit ωo; Pass transistor, NMOS
Inverter, Various pull ups, CMOS Inverter analysis and design, Bi-CMOS Inverters.
UNIT II:
VLSI Circuit Design Processes
VLSI Design Flow, MOS Layers, Stick Diagrams, Design Rules and Layout, 2 μm CMOS Design rules
for wires, Contacts and Transistors Layout Diagrams for NMOS and CMOS Inverters and Gates, Scaling
of MOS circuits.
UNIT III:
Gate Level and Data Path Subsystems Design
Logic Gates and Other complex gates, Switch logic, Alternate gate circuits, Time delays, Driving large
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

capacitive loads, Wiring capacitance, Fan – in, Fan – out, Choice of layers. Subsystem Design, Shifters,
Adders, ALUs, Multipliers, Parity generators, Comparators, Zero/One Detectors, Counters.

UNIT IV:
Memory Array Subsystems and Semiconductor IC Design
SRAM, DRAM, ROM, Serial Access Memories, Content Addressable Memory. PLAs, FPGAs, CPLDs,
Standard Cells, Programmable Array Logic, Design Approach, Parameters influencing low power design.
UNIT V:
CMOS Testing
CMOS Testing, Need for testing, Test Principles, Design Strategies for test, Chip level Test Techniques,
System Level Test Techniques, Layout Design for improved Testability.

Text books:
1. Essentials of VLSI circuits and systems – Kamran Eshraghian, Eshraghian Dougles and A. Pucknell,
PHI, 2005 Edition
2. CMOS VLSI Design – A circuits and systems perspective, Neil H. E Weste, David Harris, Ayan
Banerjee, person, 2009.
Reference books:
1. Modern VLSI Design - Wayne Wolf, Pearson Education, 3rd Edition, 1997.
2. CMOS logic circuit Design - John .P. Uyemura, Springer, 2007.
3. VLSI Design – [Link] Raj, Latha, PHI, 2008
4. Introduction to VLSI – Mead & Convey, BS Publications, 2010
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

III Year [Link]. ECE I-Sem

L T P
C
3 0 0 3

(18PE0EC1A) NANO ELECTRONICS

Prerequisites: Nil
Course Objective :
The course aims to give exposure on theory of nano electronics and the structure of nano electronics
devices

Course Outcomes:
At the end of the course, students will demonstrate the ability to:
1. Understand various aspects of nano-technology and the processes involved in making Nano
components and material.
2. Understand the basic theory of Quantum electronics in support of Nano electronics
3. Understand and Analysis of how various MOS devices supports in design of Nano systems.
4. Understand and Analysis of how various semiconductor devices supports in design of Nano systems.
5. Leverage advantages of the Nano-materials and appropriate use in solving practical problems.

Syllabus
UNIT I: Introduction to Nanotechnology
Introduction to nanotechnology, meso structures,

UNIT II: Basics of Quantum Electronics

Schrodinger equation, Density of States. Particle in a box Concepts, Degeneracy. Band Theory of Solids.
Kronig-Penny Model. Brillouin Zones.

UNIT III: MOS Based Nanotechnology

Shrink-down approaches: Introduction, CMOS Scaling, The nanoscale MOSFET, Finfets, Vertical
MOSFETs, limits to scaling, system integration limits (interconnect issues etc.),
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

UNIT IV: Nano Semiconductor Devices

Resonant Tunneling Diode, Coulomb dots, Quantum blockade, Single electron transistors, Carbon
nanotube electronics, , 1D & 2D semiconductors and electronic devices
UNIT V: Applications of Nano Semiconductor Devices
Band structure and transport, devices, applications, Graphene, 1D and 2D atomistic simulation

Text Books:
1. G.W. Hanson, Fundamentals of Nanoelectronics, Pearson, 2009.
2. W. Ranier, Nanoelectronics and Information Technology (Advanced Electronic Materialand Novel
Devices), Wiley-VCH, 2003.
Reference Books:
1. K.E. Drexler, Nanosystems, Wiley, 1992.
2. J.H. Davies, The Physics of Low-Dimensional Semiconductors, Cambridge University Press, 1998.
3. C.P. Poole, F. J. Owens, Introduction to Nanotechnology, Wiley, 2003
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

III Year [Link]. ECE I-Sem L T P C

3 0 0 3

(18PE0EC1B) BIO-MEDICAL ELECTRONICS

Prerequisite: Electronic devices and Circuits, Instrumentation

Course Objective:
1. To understand applications and practical limitations of electronic components and systems in biological
and medical applications.
2. To analyze the biological processes like other electronic processes.
Course Outcomes:
At the end of the course, students will demonstrate the ability to:
1. Understand the application of the electronic systems in biological and medical applications.
2. Understand the practical limitations on the electronic components while handling bio-substances.
3. Understand and analyze the biological processes like other electronic processes.
4. Understand the principles underlying in Biological measurements
5. Understand medical imaging process and usage of Prostheses and aids

Syllabus
UNIT I: introduction to Biomedical Instrumentation
Development of Biomedical lnstrumentation, Brief introduction to human physiology. Problems
Encountered in Measuring a Living System, Medical Measurement Constraints, Design Criteria,
Commercial Medical Instrumentation Development Process
UNIT II: Basic Transducer Principles
The Transducer and Transduction, Active Transducers, Passive Transducers, Transducers for Biomedical
Applications, Biomedical transducers for displacement, velocity, force, acceleration, flow, temperature,
potential, dissolved ions and gases.

UNIT III: Sources of Bioelectric Potentials and Electrodes

 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

Resting and Action Potentials, Propagation of Action Potentials, Bioelectric Potentials Electrode Theory,
Biopotential Electrodes, Biochemical Transducers, Bio-electrodes
UNIT IV: Biopotential Amplifiers & Measurements
The Heart and Cardiovascular System, Blood Pressure, Characteristics of blood flow, Heart Sounds, The
Electrocardiograph, Problems Frequently Encountered, biopotential amplifiers for ECG, Amplifiers for
Other Biopotential Signals EMG, EEG, Measurement of blood temperature, pressure and flow
UNIT V: Medical Imaging Systems & Prostheses and aids
Impedanceplethysmography. Ultrasonic, X-ray and nuclear imaging.
Prostheses and aids: pacemakers, defibrillators, heart-lung machine, artificial kidney, aids for the
handicapped. Safety aspects.

Text Books:
1. W.F. Ganong, Review of Medical Physiology, 8th Asian Ed, Medical Publishers, 1977.
2. J.G. Websster, ed., Medical Instrumentation, Houghton Mifflin, 1978.
3. Handbook of biomedical instrumentation by RS khandpur
Reference Books:
1. A.M. Cook and J.G. Webster, eds., Therapeutic Medical Devices, Prentice-Hall, 1982.
2. Biomedical Instrumentation and Measurements, Second Edition, Leslie Cromwell
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

III Year [Link]. ECE I-Sem

L T P C
3 0 0 3

(18PE0EC1C) INFORMATION THEORY AND CODING

Prerequisite: Matrix Algebra

Course Objective:
To impart the knowledge of Information Theory and Coding and Decoding of Source and Channel Codes

Course Outcomes:
At the end of the course, students will demonstrate the ability to:
1. Understand the concept of information and entropy
2. Understand Shannon’s theorem for coding
3. Calculation of channel capacity
4. Apply Source coding techniques.
5. Apply Cyclic and Convolution coding techniques

Syllabus
UNIT I: Introduction
Basics of information theory, Shannon theorem, Channel capacity, Measure of Information, Average
Information- Entropy, Entropy of a Source with Memory.
UNIT II: Entropy for different codes
Entropy for discrete ensembles; Shannon's noiseless coding theorem; Encoding of discrete sources.
UNIT III: Source Coding
Markov sources; Shannon's noisy coding theorem and converse for discrete channels; Calculation of
channel capacity and bounds for discrete channels; Application to continuous channels.
UNIT IV: Techniques of coding and decoding
Huffman codes, Extended Huffman coding and uniquely detectable codes
UNIT V: Cyclic and Convolutional Codes
Linear block codes, Cyclic codes, Convolutional arithmetic codes, Viterbi algorithm
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

Text Books:
1. N. Abramson, Information and Coding, McGraw Hill, 1963.
2. M. Mansurpur, Introduction to Information Theory, McGraw Hill, 1987.
Reference Books:
1. R.B. Ash, Information Theory, Prentice Hall, 1970.
2. Shu Lin and D.J. Costello Jr., Error Control Coding, Prentice Hall, 1983.
3. Taub and Schilling, Principles of Communication System, McGraw Hill, 2000
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

III Year [Link] I SEM L T P C

0 0 3 2

(18PC0EC14) VLSI DESIGN LABORATORY

List of Experiments:

Part A: Pre synthesis Experiments:

1. Write the HDL code to realize all the logic gates and verify the pre synthesis simulation results.

2. Design of 8 – to – 3 encoder (without and with parity) and verify the pre synthesis simulation

results.

3. Design of 8 – to – 1 multiplexer and verify the pre synthesis simulation results.

4. Design of 4 bit binary to gray converter and verify the pre synthesis simulation results.

5. Design of Full Adder using Dataflow, Behavioural and Structural Modeling styles and verify the pre

synthesis simulation results.

6. Design of flip flops: SR, D, JK, T and verify the pre synthesis simulation results.

7. Design of BCD counters (synchronous / asynchronous reset) and verify the pre synthesis simulation

results.

8. Finite State Machine Design for Sequence counter (synchronous reset) and verify the pre

synthesis simulation results.

Part B: Post Synthesis Experiments:

1. Write XDC file for 1st experiment and verify the post synthesis simulation and FPGA
Implementation results.
2. Write XDC file for 2nd experiment and verify the post synthesis simulation and FPGA
Implementation results.
3. Write XDC file for 3rd experiment and verify the post synthesis simulation and FPGA
Implementation results.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

4. Write XDC file for 4th experiment and verify the post synthesis simulation and FPGA
Implementation results.
5. Write XDC file for 5th experiment and verify the post synthesis simulation and FPGA
Implementation results.
6. Write XDC file for 6th experiment and verify the post synthesis simulation and FPGA
Implementation results.
7. Write XDC file for 7th experiment and verify the post synthesis simulation and FPGA
Implementation results.
8. Write XDC file for 8th experiment and verify the post synthesis simulation and FPGA
Implementation results.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

Subject code: 18HS0EN03

L T P C
0 0 2 1
Advanced Communication Skills Lab
(Common to All branches)
1. Introduction
The introduction of the Advanced Communication Skills Lab is considered essential at 3 rd year level. At
this stage, the students need to prepare themselves for their careers which may require them to listen to,
read, speak and write in English both for their professional and interpersonal communication in the
globalised context.

The proposed course should be a laboratory course to enable students to use ‘good’ English and perform
the following:

 Gathering ideas and information to organise ideas relevantly and coherently.

 Engaging in debates.
 Participating in group discussions.
 Facing interviews.
 Writing project/research reports/technical reports.
 Making oral presentations.
 Writing formal letters.
 Transferring information from non-verbal to verbal texts and vice-versa.
 Taking part in social and professional communication.

Objectives:
This Lab focuses on using multi-media instruction for language development to meet the following targets:

 To improve the students’ fluency in English, through a well-developed vocabulary and enable
them to listen to English spoken at normal conversational speed by educated English speakers and
respond appropriately in different socio-cultural and professional contexts.
 Further, they would be required to communicate their ideas relevantly and coherently in writing.
 To prepare all the students for their placements.
Learning Outcomes

 Accomplishment of sound vocabulary and its proper use contextually.

 Flair in Writing and felicity in written expression.
 Enhanced job prospects.
 Effective Speaking Abilities
Syllabus:
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

The following course content to conduct the activities is prescribed for the Advanced Communication
Skills (ACS) Lab:

1. Activities on Fundamentals of Inter-personal Communication and Building Vocabulary -

Starting a conversation – responding appropriately and relevantly – using the right body language –
Role Play in different situations & Discourse Skills- using visuals - Synonyms and antonyms, word
roots, one-word substitutes, prefixes and suffixes, study of word origin, business vocabulary,
analogy, idioms and phrases, collocations & usage of vocabulary.
2. Activities on Reading Comprehension –General Vs Local comprehension, reading for facts,
guessing meanings from context, scanning, skimming, inferring meaning, critical reading &
effective googling.
3. Activities on Writing Skills – Structure and presentation of different types of writing – letter
writing/Resume writing/ e-correspondence/ Technical report writing/ Portfolio writing – planning
for writing – improving one’s writing.
4. Activities on Presentation Skills – Oral presentations (individual and group) through JAM
sessions/seminars/PPTs and written presentations through posters/projects/reports/
e-mails/assignments etc.
5. Activities on Group Discussion and Interview Skills – Dynamics of group discussion,
intervention, summarizing, modulation of voice, body language, relevance, fluency and organization
of ideas and rubrics for evaluation- Concept and process, pre-interview planning, opening strategies,
answering strategies, interview through tele-conference & video-conference and Mock Interviews.

Minimum Requirement:

The Advanced Communication Skills (ACS) Laboratory shall have the following infra-structural facilities
to accommodate at least 35 students in the lab:

 Spacious room with appropriate acoustics

 Round Tables with movable chairs
 Audio-visual aids
 LCD Projector
 Public Address system
 P – IV Processor, Hard Disk – 80 GB, RAM–512 MB Minimum, Speed – 2.8 GHZ
 T. V, a digital stereo & Camcorder
 Headphones of High quality
5. Prescribed Lab Manual: A book titled A Course Book of Advanced Communication Skills (ACS)
Lab published by Universities Press, Hyderabad.
6. Suggested Software:
The software consisting of the prescribed topics elaborated above should be procured and used:
 Oxford Advanced Learner’s Compass, 8th Edition
 DELTA’s key to the Next Generation TOEFL Test: Advanced Skill Practice.
 Lingua TOEFL CBT Insider, by Dreamtech
 TOEFL & GRE (KAPLAN, AARCO & BARRONS, USA, Cracking GRE by CLIFFS)
 The following software from ‘[Link]’
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

 Preparing for being Interviewed

 Positive Thinking
 Interviewing Skills
 Telephone Skills
 Time Management

7. Books Recommended:

1. Technical Communication by Meenakshi Raman & Sangeeta Sharma, Oxford University Press 2009.
2. English Language Communication : A Reader cum Lab Manual Dr A Ramakrishna Rao, Dr G
Natanam & Prof SA Sankaranarayanan, Anuradha Publications, Chennai 2008.
3. Advanced Communication Skills Laboratory Manual by Sudha Rani, D, Pearson Education 2011.
4. Technical Communication by Paul V. Anderson. 2007. Cengage Learning pvt. Ltd. New Delhi.
5. Business and Professional Communication: Keys for Workplace Excellence. Kelly M. Quintanilla
& Shawn T. Wahl. Sage South Asia Edition. Sage Publications. 2011.
6. The Basics of Communication: A Relational Perspective. Steve Duck & David T. McMahan. Sage
South Asia Edition. Sage Publications. 2012.
7. English Vocabulary in Use series, Cambridge University Press 2008.
8. Management Shapers Series by Universities Press(India)Pvt Ltd., Himayatnagar, Hyderabad 2008.
9. Handbook for Technical Communication by David A. McMurrey & Joanne Buckley. 2012.
Cengage Learning.
10. Communication Skills by Leena Sen, PHI Learning Pvt Ltd., New Delhi, 2009.
11. Handbook for Technical Writing by David A McMurrey & Joanne Buckely CENGAGE Learning
2008.
12. Job Hunting by Colm Downes, Cambridge University Press 2008.
13. Master Public Speaking by Anne Nicholls, JAICO Publishing House, 2006.
14. English for Technical Communication for Engineering Students, Aysha Vishwamohan, Tata Mc
Graw-Hil 2009.
15. Books on TOEFL/GRE/GMAT/CAT/ IELTS by Barron’s/DELTA/Cambridge University Press.
16. International English for Call Centres by Barry Tomalin and Suhashini Thomas, Macmillan
Publishers, 2009.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

Subject Code:18MC0CH01 L T P C
3 0 0 0

Course Title: Environmental Science (Mandatory Course)

[Link] Common to All Branches
Course Objectives:
• Understanding the importance of ecological balance for sustainable development.
• Understanding the impacts of developmental activities and mitigation measures.
• Understanding the environmental policies and regulations
Course Outcomes:
• Based on this course, the Engineering graduate will understand /evaluate / develop technologies on
the basis of ecological principles and environmental regulations which in turn helps in sustainable
development

UNIT-I
Ecosystems: Definition, Scope, and Importance of ecosystem. Classification, structure, and function
of an ecosystem, Food chains, food webs, and ecological pyramids. Flow of energy, Biogeochemical
cycles, Bioaccumulation, Biomagnifications, ecosystem value, services and carrying capacity, Field
visits.

UNIT-II
Natural Resources: Classification of Resources: Living and Non-Living resources, water
resources: use and over utilization of surface and ground water, floods and droughts, Dams: benefits
and problems. Mineral resources: use and exploitation, environmental effects of extracting and using
mineral resources, Land resources: Forest resources, Energy resources: growing energy needs,
renewable and non renewable energy sources, use of alternate energy source, case studies.

UNIT-III
Biodiversity And Biotic Resources: Introduction, Definition, genetic, species and ecosystem
diversity. Value of biodiversity; consumptive use, productive use, social, ethical, aesthetic and
optional values. India as a mega diversity nation, Hot spots of biodiversity. Field visit. Threats to
biodiversity: habitat loss, poaching of wildlife, man-wildlife conflicts; conservation of biodiversity: In-
Situ and Ex-situ conservation. National Biodiversity act.

UNIT-IV
Environmental Pollution and Control Technologies: Environmental Pollution: Classification of
pollution, Air Pollution: Primary and secondary pollutants, Automobile and Industrial pollution,
Ambient air quality standards. Water pollution: Sources and types of pollution, drinking water
quality standards. Soil Pollution: Sources and types, Impacts of modern agriculture, degradation of
soil. Noise Pollution: Sources and Health hazards, standards,
Solid waste:Municipal Solid Waste management, composition and characteristicsof e-Waste and its
management. Pollution control technologies: Wastewater Treatment methods: Primary, secondary,
and Tertiary. Overview of air pollution control technologies;
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

Concepts of bioremediation. Global Environmental Issues and Global Efforts: Climate change and
impacts on human environment. Ozone depletion and Ozone depleting substances (ODS).
Deforestation and desertification. International conventions / Protocols: Earth summit, Kyoto protocol,
and Montréal Protocol. NAPCC-GoI Initiatives.

UNIT-V
Environmental Policy, Legislation & EIA: Environmental Protection act, Legal aspects Air Act-
1981, Water Act, Forest Act, Wild life Act, Municipal solid waste management and handling rules,
biomedical waste management and handling rules, hazardous waste management and handling rules.
EIA: EIA structure, methods of baseline data acquisition. Overview on Impacts of air, water,
biological and Socio-economical aspects. Strategies for risk assessment, Concepts of Environmental
Management Plan (EMP).
Towards Sustainable Future: Concept of Sustainable Development Goals, Population and its
explosion, Crazy Consumerism, Environmental Education, Urban Sprawl, Human health,
Environmental Ethics, Concept of Green Building, Ecological Foot Print, Life Cycle assessment
(LCA), Low carbon life style.

TEXT BOOKS:
1 Textbook of Environmental Studies for Undergraduate Courses by Erach Bharucha for
University Grants Commission.
2 Environmental Studies by R. Rajagopalan, Oxford University Press.

REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Environmental Science: towards a sustainable future by Richard T. Wright. 2008 PHL Learning
Private Ltd. New Delhi.
2. Environmental Engineering and science by Gilbert M. Masters and Wendell P. Ela. 2008 PHI
Learning Pvt. Ltd.
3. Environmental Science by Daniel B. Botkin & Edward A. Keller, Wiley INDIA edition.
4. Environmental Studies by Anubha Kaushik, 4th Edition, New age international publishers.
5. Text book of Environmental Science and Technology - Dr. M. Anji Reddy 2007, BS
Publications.
6. Introduction to Environmental Science by Y. Anjaneyulu, [Link].
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

[Link]. III Year I / II Sem

FUNDAMENTALS OF CYBER SECURITY (18MC0CS02) (Common to CSE,

IT, ECE, EEE, ME, CE)
L T P C
3 0 0 0

PRE-REQUISITES: NIL

COURSE OBJECTIVE:
This course is introduced to familiarize the need for cyber security, various threats, counter
measures and cyber laws.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
CO 1: By the end of the course, students will be able to CO 1: comprehend the basics of cyber
security
CO 2: acquire knowledge on security for mobile and wireless devices CO 3: realize the Indian and
Global Act concerning cyber crimes
CO 4: identify the cyber etiquette and correlate to the organization
CO 5: employ security and privacy methods in the development of modern applications

SYLLABUS:
UNIT-I

Introduction to Cyber Security: Basic cyber security concepts, motive of attackers, active attacks,
passive attacks, cyber crime and information security, computer criminals, classification of cyber crimes:
E-Mail spoofing, spamming, cyber defamation, internet time threat, salami attack, data diddling, forgery,
web jacking, newsgroup spam, industrial espionage, hacking, online frauds, software piracy, computer
sabotage, email bombing, usenet newsgroup as the source of cybercrimes, computer network intrusions,
password sniffing, identity theft, cyber threats-cyber warfare, CIA traid.
UNIT-II
Cybercrime: Mobile and Wireless Devices :Introduction, proliferation of mobile and wireless devices,
trends in mobility, credit card frauds in mobile and wireless computing era, security challenges posed by
mobile devices, authentication service security, attacks on mobile/cell phones. Tools and methods used in
cyber crime: phishing, password cracking.
UNIT-III
Cyber Law – The Legal Perspectives: Introduction, Cybercrime and the Legal Landscape around the
World, Why do we need cyberlaws: the indian context, the indian IT act.
Cyber Forensics: Introduction, historical background of cyber forensics, digital forensics science, the
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

need for computer forensics, cyber forensics and digital evidence, digital forensics lifecycle, challenges in
computer forensics.
UNIT-IV
Cyber Security - Organizational implications: Introduction, cost of cyber crimes and IPR issues, web
threats for organizations, security and privacy implications from cloud computing, social media
marketing: security risks and perils for organizations, social computing and the associated challenges for
organizations.
Cybercrime and Cyber terrorism: Introduction, intellectual property in the cyberspace, the ethical
dimension of cybercrimes, the psychology, mindset and skills of hackers and other cyber criminals.
UNIT-V
Cyber Crime Examples: Introduction, Real-life Examples: Official website of Maharashtra Government
hacked, E-Mail spoofing instances, Indian banks lose millions of rupees, Parliament attack, Pune city
police bust Nigerian racket.
Mini-Cases: The Indian case of online gambling, an Indian case of intellectual property crime,
illustrations of financial frauds in cyber domain.
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Nina Godbole and Sunit Belpure, “Cyber Security Understanding Cyber Crimes, Computer Forensics
and Legal Perspectives”, Wiley.
2. B. B. Gupta, D. P. Agrawal, Haoxiang Wang, “Computer and Cyber Security: Principles, Algorithm,
Applications, and Perspectives”, CRC Press.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. James Graham, Richard Howard and Ryan Otson, “Cyber Security Essentials”, CRC Press.
2. Chwan-Hwa(john) Wu, J. David Irwin, “Introduction to Cyber Security”, CRC Press.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

COURSE STRUCTURE

III YEAR II SEMESTER

Sl. Code Grou Subject L T P Contact C

No. p hrs/wk
1 18PC0CS14 ES Computer Networks 3 1 0 4 4

2 18PC0EC15 PC Microcontrollers and Applications 3 0 0 3 3

3 18PC0EC16 PC Digital Signal Processing 3 1 0 4 4

4 18PE0EC2x PE Professional Elective -2 3 0 0 3 3

18PE0EC2A Antennas and Propagation

18PE0EC2B Speech and Audio Processing

18PE0EC2C Telecom Network Management

18PE0EC2D NPTEL course*

5 18OE0EC2x OE Open Elective -2 3 0 0 3 3

6 18PC0EC17 PC Microcontrollers and Applications 0 0 2 2 1

Laboratory
7 18PC0EC18 PC Digital Signal Processing Laboratory 0 0 2 2 1

8 18PC0CS17 ES Computer Networks Laboratory 0 0 3 3 1

9 18MC0EN02 MC Gender Sensitization Laboratory 0 0 2 2 0

10 18MC0CS01 MC Fundamentals of Artificial Intelligence 3 0 0 3 0

Total Credits 20
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

III Year [Link]. ECE Sem-II L T P C

3 1 0 4

COMPUTER NETWORKS (18PC0CS14)

Pre-Requisites:
1. A course on “Programming for Problem Solving”
2. A course on “Design and Analysis of Algorithms”

Course Objective:
This course is intended to equip the students with an overview of the fundamental concepts of computer
networks and the protocols of the various layers
Course Outcomes:
By the end of the course, students will be able to:
CO 1: Describe the basic computer network technology
CO 2: Express the functions of each layer in the OSI and TCP/IP reference
model
CO 3: Apply the skills of subnet and routing mechanisms
CO 4: Examine the protocols of computer networks
CO 5: Apply the concepts of computer networks in network design and

SYLLABUS:

UNIT I
Network hardware, Network software, OSI, TCP/IP Reference models, Example Networks:
Internet, ARPANET. Physical Layer: Guided Transmission media: twisted pairs, coaxial cable,
Power lines, fiber optics. Wireless transmission: Electromagnetic spectrum, Radio transmission,
Microwave transmission, Infrared transmission, and Light transmission.

UNIT II Data link layer:

Design issues, framing, Error detection and correction: Hamming codes, Parity, Checksum, and
Cyclic Redundancy Check. Elementary data link protocols: simplex protocol, A simplex stop and
wait protocol for an error-free channel, A simplex stop and wait protocol for noisy channel.
Sliding Window protocols: A one-bit sliding window protocol, A protocol using Go-Back-N, A
protocol using Selective Repeat.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

Medium Access sub layer: The channel allocation problem, Multiple access protocols: ALOHA,
Carrier sense multiple access protocols, collision free protocols.

UNIT III Network Layer:

Design issues, Routing algorithms: the optimality principle, shortest path algorithm, Flooding,
distance vector routing, Hierarchical routing, Broadcast Routing, Multicast Routing. Congestion
Control Algorithms, Quality of Service, Internetworking, the Network layer in the internet: IPv4
Protocol, IP Address, IPv6.

UNIT IV Transport Layer:

Transport Service, Elements of Transport protocols: Addressing, Connection Establishment,
Connection Release. Connection management. The Internet Transport Protocols: Introduction to
UDP, Remote Procedure calls, Introduction to TCP, The TCP Service Model, The TCP Protocol,
and The TCP Segment Header, The TCP Connection Establishment, TCP Connection Release.

UNIT – V Application Layer –Domain name system:

The DNS Name Space, Domain Resource Records, Name Servers, Electronic Mail: Architecture
Services, SMTP, the World Wide Web: Architectural Overview, HTTP, Streaming audio and
video: digital audio, digtal video, streaming stored media, streaming live media, real time
conferencing.

Text Book:
1. Computer Networks -- Andrew S Tanenbaum, David. j. Wetherall, 5th Edition. Pearson
Education/PHI

Reference Books:
1. An Engineering Approach to Computer Networks-S. Keshav, 2 nd Edition, Pearson
Education
2. Data Communications and Networking – Behrouz A. Forouzan. 3rd Edition TMH.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

III Year [Link]. ECE II-Sem L T P C

3 0 0 3

(18PC0EC15) MICROCONTROLLERS AND APPLICATIONS

Prerequisite: Digital System Design
Course objective:
1. Make familiar with the architecture and the instruction set of an Intel microprocessor
2. Assembly language programming will be studied as well as the design of various types of digital and
analog interfaces with understanding the architecture of Microcontrollers.
Course Outcomes:
At the end of this course students will demonstrate the ability to
1. Do assembly language programming
2. Do interfacing design of peripherals like, I/O, A/D, D/A, timer etc.
3. Develop systems using different microcontrollers
4. Understand RSIC processors and design ARM microcontroller based systems
Syllabus

UNIT 1: Introduction to Microprocessor

8086 Architecture: 8086 Architecture-Functional diagram, Register Organization, Memory
Segmentation, Programming Model, Memory addresses, Physical Memory Organization, Architecture of
8086, Signal descriptions of 8086, interrupts of 8086.
Instruction Set and Assembly Language Programming of 8086: Instruction formats, Addressing
modes, Instruction Set and Simple Programs involving Logical, Branch and Call Instructions, Sorting,
String Manipulations

UNIT II:Introduction to Microcontrollers: Overview of 8051 Microcontroller, Architecture, I/O Ports,

Memory Organization, Addressing Modes and Instruction set of 8051.
8051 Real Time Control: Programming Timer Interrupts, Programming External Hardware Interrupts,
Programming the Serial Communication Interrupts, Programming 8051 Timers and Counters
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

UNIT III:
I/O And Memory Interface: LCD, Keyboard, External Memory RAM, ROM Interface, ADC, DAC
Interface to 8051.
Serial Communication and Bus Interface: Serial Communication Standards, Serial Data Transfer
Scheme, On board Communication Interfaces-I2C Bus, SPI Bus, UART; External Communication
Interfaces-RS232,USB.

UNIT IV:ARM Architecture:

ARM Processor fundamentals, ARM Architecture – Register, CPSR, Pipeline, exceptions and interrupts
interrupt vector table, ARM instruction set – Data processing, Branch instructions, load store instructions,
Software interrupt instructions, Program status register instructions, loading constants, Conditional
execution, Introduction to Thumb instructions.

UNIT V:Advanced ARM Processors:

Introduction to CORTEX Processor and its architecture, OMAP Processor and its Architecture.

Text Books:
1. Douglas V Hall, Microprocessors Interfacing, Tata McGraw Hill, 1991.
2. Microcontrollers programming by [Link] Pratik Tawde.
Reference Books:
3. D A Patterson and J H Hennessy, "Computer Organization and Design Thehardware and software
interface. Morgan Kaufman Publishers.
4. Kenneth J. Ayala, The 8051 Microcontroller, Penram International Publishing, 1996.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

III Year [Link]. ECE II Sem L T P C

3 1 0 4

(18PC0EC16) DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING

Prerequisite: Signals & Systems
Course Objective:
To provide fundamental relationships between time, frequency domain signals and systems and analyze
the IIR & FIR filters.
Course Outcomes:
At the end of this course students will demonstrate the ability to
1. Represent signals mathematically in continuous and discrete time and frequency domain
2. Get the response of an LSI system to different signals
3. Design of different types of digital filters for various applications
4. Understand the effects of finite word lengths and their precautions
5. Study and analyze the Multi rate signal processing methods

Syllabus
UNIT I: Introduction to Discrete time signals and Systems
Discrete time signals: Sequences; representation of signals on orthogonal basis; Sampling and
reconstruction of signals; Discrete systems attributes, Application of DSP, Z-Transform, Analysis of LSI
systems, frequency Analysis, Inverse Systems,
UNIT II: Discrete Fourier Transform and Fast Fourier Transform
Discrete Fourier Transforms: Properties of DFT, Linear Convolution of Sequences using DFT,
Computation of Over-Lap Add Method, Over-Lap Save Method.
Fast Fourier Transforms: Fast Fourier Transforms (FFT) – Radix-2 Decimation-in-Time
and Decimation-in-Frequency FFT Algorithms, Inverse FFT, and FFT with General Radix-N.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

UNIT III: FIR Digital Filters

Characteristics of FIR Digital Filters, Frequency Response, Design of FIR Digital filters: Fourier Method,
Window method, Park-McClellan's method.

UNIT IV: IIR Filters

Design of IIR analog filters – Butterworth and Chebyshev, Elliptic Approximations, Design of IIR Digital
Filters from Analog Filters by using Impulse Invariant Techniques, Bilinear Transformation Method,
Spectral Transformation: Low pass, Band pass, Band stop and High pass filters. Comparison of FIR and
IIR filters.

UNIT V: Finite Word length Effects and Multirate Rate Signal Processing
Effect of finite register length in FIR filter design. Parametric and non-parametric spectral estimation.
Introduction to multirate signal processing, Decimation, Interpolation, Sampling Rate Conversion.

Text Books:
1. [Link], Digital Signal Processing: A computer based [Link]
2. A.V. Oppenheim and Schafer, Discrete Time Signal Processing, Prentice Hall, 1989.
3. .Ramesh Babu, Digital Signal Processing, 4th Edition.

Reference Books:
1. John G. Proakis and D.G. Manolakis, Digital Signal Processing: Principles, Algorithms
And Applications, Prentice Hall, 1997.
2. J.R. Johnson, Introduction to Digital Signal Processing, Prentice Hall, 1992.
3. [Link], J. G. Lucas [Link], Digital Signal Processing, John Wiley& Sons, 1988.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

III Year [Link]. ECE II-Sem L T P C

3 0 0 3

(18PE0EC2A) ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION

Prerequisite: Electromagnetic Waves

Course Objectives:
Understand the basic terminology, concept of radiation, design antennas and understand the propagation
of waves
Course Outcomes:
At the end of the course, students shall be able to:
1. Define the basics of antenna.
2. Characterize the antennas based on frequency.
3. Analyze the Microstrip patch antenna and reflector antenna.
4. Design Broadside array and End fire array antenna.
5. Classify the Smart Antennas and wave propagation mechanism

UNIT I: Antenna Basics

Fundamental Concepts- Physical concept of radiation, Radiation pattern, near-andfar-field regions,
reciprocity, directivity and gain, effective aperture, polarization, input impedance, efficiency, Friis
transmission equation, radiation integrals and auxiliary potential functions.
Wire and Loop Antennas: Radiation from Wires and Loops- Infinitesimal dipole, finite-length dipole,
linearelements near conductors, dipoles for mobile communication, small circular loop.
UNIT II: Aperture and Reflector Antennas
Aperture and Reflector Antennas- Huygens' principle, radiation from rectangular and circular apertures,
design considerations, Babinet's principle, Radiation from sectoral and pyramidal horns, design concepts,
prime-focus parabolic reflector and cassegrain antennas. Broadband Antennas- Log-periodic and Yagi-
Uda antennas, frequency independent antennas, broadcast antennas.
UNIT III: Micro strip Antennas Antennas
Micro strip Antennas- Basic characteristics of micro strip antennas, feeding methods, methods of
analysis, design of rectangular and circular patch antennas.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

UNIT IV: Antenna Arrays

Antenna Arrays- Analysis of uniformly spaced arrays with uniform and non-uniform excitation
amplitudes, extension to planar arrays, synthesis of antenna arrays using Schelkunoff polynomial method,
Woodward-Lawson method.
UNIT V: Smart Antennas and Wave Propagation
Basic Concepts of Smart Antennas- Concept and benefits of smart antennas, fixed weight beam forming
basics, Adaptive beam forming. Different modes of Radio Wave propagation used in current practice.

Text Books:
1. J.D. Kraus, Antennas, McGraw Hill, 1988.
2. C.A. Balanis, Antenna Theory - Analysis and Design, John Wiley, 1982.
Reference Books:
1. R.E. Collin, Antennas and Radio Wave Propagation, McGraw Hill, 1985.
2. R.C. Johnson and H. Jasik, Antenna Engineering Handbook, McGraw Hill, 1984.
3. I.J. Bahl and P. Bhartia, Micro Strip Antennas, Artech House, 1980.
4. R.E. Crompton, Adaptive Antennas, John Wiley
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

III Year [Link]. ECE II-Sem L T P C

3 0 0 3

(18PE0EC2B) SPEECH AND AUDIO PROCESSING

Prerequisite: Nil
Course Objective:
1. The course aims to give exposure on the speech modeling and processing
2. The course aims to give exposure on the speech coding and reproduction

Course Outcomes:
At the end of the course, students will demonstrate the ability to:

1. Mathematically model the speech signal

2. Analyze the quality and properties of speech signal.
3. Modify and enhance the speech and audio signals.
4. Understand the speech coding and standards

Syllabus
UNIT I: Introduction to Speech
Introduction- Speech production and modeling - Human Auditory System; General structure of speech
coders; Classification of speech coding techniques – parametric, waveform and hybrid ; Requirements of
speech codecs –quality, coding delays, robustness. Speech Signal Processing- Pitch-period estimation,
UNIT II: Speech Mathematical modeling
all-pole and all-zero filters, convolution; Power spectral density, periodogram, autoregressive model,
autocorrelation estimation. Linear Prediction of Speech- Basic concepts of linear prediction; Linear
Prediction Analysis of non-stationary signals –prediction gain, examples; Levinson-Durbin algorithm;
Long term and short-term linear prediction models; Moving average prediction.
UNIT III: Speech Quantization
Speech Quantization- Scalar quantization–uniform quantizer, optimum quantizer, logarithmic quantizer,
adaptive quantizer, differential quantizers; Vector quantization – distortion measures, codebook design,
codebook types. Scalar Quantization of LPC- Spectral distortion measures, Quantization based on
reflection coefficient and log area ratio, bit allocation; Line spectral frequency – LPC to LSF conversions,
quantization based on LSF.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

UNIT IV: Linear Prediction Coding

Linear Prediction Coding- LPC model of speech production; Structures of LPC encoders and decoders;
Voicing detection; Limitations of the LPC model. Code Excited Linear Prediction-CELP speech
production model; Analysis-by-synthesis;
UNIT V: Speech Coding standards
Generic CELP encoders and decoders; Excitation codebook search – state-save method, zero-input
zerostate method; CELP based on adaptive codebook, Adaptive Codebook search; Low Delay CELP and
algebraic CELP. Speech Coding Standards-An overview of ITU-T G.726, G.728 and G.729standards.

Text Books:
1. “Digital Speech” by [Link], Second Edition (Wiley Students_ Edition), 2004.
2. “Speech Coding Algorithms: Foundation and Evolution of Standardized Coders”, W.C. Chu, Wiley
Inter science, 2003.
Reference Books:

1. Video, Speech, and Audio Signal Processing and Associated Standards (The Digital Signal Processing
Handbook, Second Edition) by Vijay Madisetti-CRC Press
2. Discrete Time Processing of Speech Signals by Deller, Hansen and Proakis
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

III Year [Link]. ECE II-Sem L T P C

3 0 0 3

(18PE0EC2C) TELECOM NETWORK MANAGEMENT

Prerequisite: Nil
Course Objective:
1. The course aims to give exposure on the telecom Network Management.
2. The course aims to give exposure on Internet, Broadband Network Management.

Course Outcomes:
At the end of the course, students will demonstrate the ability to:

1. Understand how to manage Telecom Networks

2. Analyze the quality and properties of Internet Management.
3. Modify and enhance the Telecom Networks.

Syllabus
UNIT I: Overview of Network Management:
Case histories on network, system and service management, challenges of IT managers, Network
Management: Goals, organization and functions, Network management architecture and organization
network management perspectives

UNIT II: OSI Network Management:

Network management standards, Network management models, Organization model, Information model,
Communication model and functional model, Abstract syntax notation – encoding structure, macros
functional model CMIP/CMISE

UNIT III: Internet Management:

SNMP-organizational model, System overview, Information model, communication model, functional
model, SNMP proxy server, Management information, Protocol, SNMPv1,v2 and V3, Remote
monitoring. RMON.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

UNIT IV: Broadband Network Management:

Broadband networks and services, ATM Technology – VP, VC, ATM Packet, Integrated service, ATM
LAN emulation, Virtual LAN, ATM Network Management – ATM network reference model, integrated
local management interface. ATM management information base, role of SNMP and ILMI in ATM
management, M1, M2, M3, M4 interface. ATM digital exchange interface management

UNIT V:
Network Management Applications:
Configuration management, Fault management, Performance management, Event correlation techniques,
Security management, Accounting management, report management, policy based management services,
Level management

Text Books:
1. “Telecommunication Network Management Paperback – 1 Jan 2011 by V S Bgad
.
2. Telecommunications Network Management (McGraw Hill Series on Telecommunications) Hardcover –
Import, 16 Jul 1999 by Haojin Wang.
Reference Books:

1. Telecommunication Networks-CMC Press by Eugenio Iannone.

2. Telecommunication Switching Systems And Networks 2nd Edition, Kindle Edition by Thiagarajan and
Manav Bhatnagar
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

III Year [Link]. ECE II-Sem L T P C

0 0 2 1

(18PC0EC17) MICROCONTROLLERS AND APPLICATIONS LABORATORY

Hands-on experiments related to the course contents EC11

1. 8086 Arithmetic Operations (Addition, Subtraction, multiplication and division)

2. Ascending order/descending order of an array of numbers.
3. Stepper motor interfacing to 8086.
4. 8051 Arithmetic Operations (Addition, Subtraction, multiplication and division)
5. Implementation of Timers and Counters using 8051.
6. Interrupt handling in 8051.
7. UART operation in8051.
8. LCD interfacing to 8051
9. I/O control of robot (ROBOTICS)
10. Speed control of robot (ROBOTICS)
11. Obstacle detection for robots (ROBOTICS)
12. Appliance control using robot (ROBOTICS)
13. Arduino controller based LED interfacing (IOT)
14. Arduino controller based relay switching (IOT)
15. Arduino controller based switch interfacing (IOT)
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

III Year [Link]. ECE II-Sem L T P C

0 0 2 1

(18PC0EC18) DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING LABORATORY

(The programs shall be implemented in software using MATLABORATORY)

1. Generation of elementary discrete time signals.

2. To find DFT / IDFT of given DT signal.
3. To find frequency response of a given system given in (Tr. Function/ Diff. equation form).
4. Implementation of FFT of given sequence.
5. Determination of Power Spectrum of a given signal(s).
6. Implementation of LP FIR filter for the given specifications.
7. Implementation of HP FIR filter for the given specifications.
8. Implementation of LP IIR filter for the given specifications.
9. Implementation of HP IIR filter for the given specifications.
10. Implementation of Decimation Process.
11. Implementation of Interpolation Process.
12. Implementation of I/D sampling rate converters.
13. Impulse response of first order and second order systems.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

III Year [Link]. ECE Sem-II

L T P C
0 0 2 1

(18PC0CS17) COMPUTER NETWORKS LAB

Co-Requisite:
1. A course on “Computer Networks”
Course Objective:
This lab course is intended to provide practical exposure of the concepts, designing, modeling and
evaluation in computer networks

Course Outcomes:
Upon successful completion of this Lab, students will be able to:
CO 1: describe data link layer farming methods
CO 2: classify error correction and detection techniques and design data link layer
protocols
CO 3: employ routing and congestion algorithms and also generate encryption
algorithms
CO 4: test the network scenario
CO 5: study the performance of computer networks and protocols

LIST OF PROGRAMS:
1. Implement the data link layer framing method “character-stuffing”
2. Implement the data link layer framing method “bit stuffing”
3. Write a program to compute CRC code for the polynomial “CRC-12”
4. Write a program to compute CRC code for the polynomial “CRC-16”
5. Develop a simple data link layer that performs the flow control using the sliding window
protocol, and loss recovery using the Go-Back-N mechanism
6. Implement Dijkstra’s algorithm to compute the shortest path through a network
7. Write a program to implement congestion control in network layer using leaky bucket algorithm
8. Take an example subnet of hosts and obtain a broadcast tree for the subnet
9. Implement distance vector routing algorithm for obtaining routing tables at each node

Text Book:
Computer Networks -- Andrew S Tanenbaum, David. j. Wetherall, 5th Edition.
Pearson, Education/PHI
Reference Books:
1. An Engineering Approach to Computer [Link],2 nd Edition, Pearson
Education
2. Data Communications and Networking – Behrouz A. Forouzan. Third Edition TMH.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

III Year [Link]. II - Sem L T P C

0 0 2 0

(18MC0EN02) GENDER SENSITIZATION LAB

[Link] (Common to all Branches)

Course Objective:

1. To develop students’ sensibility related to issues of gender in contemporary India

2. To help students reflect critically on gender violence
3. To expose students to more interaction between men and women

Course outcomes:

1. Students will have developed a better understanding of important issues related to gender in
contemporary India.
2. Students will attain a finer grasp of low gender discrimination works in our society and how to
counter it.
3. Students will acquire insight into gendered division of labour and its relation to politics and
economics.
4. Men and Women students and Professionals will be better equipped to work and live together as
equals
5. Students will develop a sense of appreciation of women in all walks of life.

Syllabus:

Unit 1 Understanding Gender:

Gender : Why Should We Study It? (Towards a World of Equals: Unit-1)

Socialization : Making woman, Making Men (Towards a World of Equals: Unit-2 )

Introduction, Preparing for Womanhood, Growing up Male , First lessons in caste , Different
Masculinities.

Unit 2 Gender and Biology:

Missing Woman: Sex Selection and its consequences (Towards a World of Equals: Unit-4)

Declining Sex Ratio, Demographic consequences

 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

Gender Spectrum: Beyond the Binary (Towards a World of Equals: Unit-10)

Two or Many? Struggles with Discrimination

Unit III Gender and Labour:

Housework: the invisible labour (Towards a World of Equals: Unit-3)

"My Mother doesn’t Work.” “Share the Load”

Women’s Work: Its Politics and Economics (Towards a World of Equals: Unit-7)

Fact and Fiction, Unrecognized and Unaccounted work, Additional Reading, Wages and Condition of
work.

Unit IV Issues of Violence:

Sexual Harassment: Say No (Towards a World of Equals: Unit-6)

Sexual Harassment, not Eve-teasing-Coping with Everyday Harassment, Further Reading

Domestic Violence: Speaking Out (Towards a World of Equals: Unit-8)

Is Home a safe Place? – When Women unite Rebuilding Lives, Additional Reading, New Forums of
Justice.

Thinking about Sexual Violence (Towards a World of Equals: Unit-11)

Blaming the victim – “I bought for my life” Additional Reading, The caste face of Violence

Unit V Gender – Co-Existence:

Just Relationship: Being Together as Equals (Towards a World of Equals: Unit-12)

Mary Kom and Onler, Love and Acid just do not Mix, Love Letters, Mothers and Fathers, Additional
Reading: Rosa Parks-The Brave Heart.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

III Year [Link]. II - Sem L T P C

3 0 0 0

(18MC0CS01) FUNDAMENTALS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

(Common to CSE, IT, ECE, EEE, ME, CE)

Pre-Requisites: NIL

Course Objective: The course is introduced to familiarize the basic concepts of artificial intelligence, its
relevance in the modern era and various applications

Course Outcomes: By the end of the course, students will be able to

CO 1: identify the importance of artificial intelligence

CO 2: apply various search strategies to provide efficient solutions for problem space

CO 3: comprehend various approaches for knowledge representation

CO 4: employ expert systems for knowledge engineering applications

CO 5: develop models using machine learning techniques

Syllabus:

UNIT- I Introduction:

What is artificial intelligence, foundations of artificial intelligence, history of artificial intelligence

Intelligent Agents – agents and environments, the structure, good behaviour: the concept of rationality,
the nature of environments, the structure of agents, applications of AI.

UNIT - II Solving Problem by Searching:

Problem solving agents, example problems, searching for solutions. Uninformed Search Strategies –
Breadth first search, uniform-cost search, depth first search, depth limited search, iterative deepening
search, bidirectional search, comparing uninformed search strategies.

UNIT - III Logical Agents:

Knowledge-based agents, the wumpus world, logic, propositional logic: the very simple logic.
Knowledge Representation – Introduction, approaches to knowledge representation-relational knowledge,
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

knowledge represented as logic, procedural knowledge, knowledge representation using semantic

networks, inheritance in semantic net.

UNIT - IV Expert System & Applications:

Introduction, phases in building expert systems-knowledge engineering, knowledge representation, expert

systems architecture-knowledgebase, inference engine, knowledge acquisition, expert systems versus
traditional systems-characteristics of expert systems, evolution of expert systems, advantages and
disadvantages of expert systems, languages for expert system development., applications of expert
systems.

UNIT - V Machine Learning Paradigm:

Introduction, machine learning system-components of learning system, rote learning, learning by taking
advice. Supervised & Unsupervised Learning – supervised concept learning, unsupervised concept
learning, reinforcement learning.

Text Books:

1. Artificial Intelligence-A Modern Approach, 3rd Edition, Stuart J. Russell, Peter Norvig, Pearson
Education.

2. Artificial Intelligence, Saroj Kaushik, Cengage Publication

Reference Books:

1. Artificial Intelligence, Elaine Rich, Kevin Knight, Shivashankar B. Nair, 3rd Edition, McGraw Hill.

2. Principles of Artificial Intelligence, Nils J. Nilson, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers.

3. Artificial Intelligence, 3rd Edition, Patric Henry Winston, Pearson Education.

4. Artificial Intelligence Illuminated, Ben Coppin, Narosa Publication

 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

COURSE STRUCTURE

IV YEAR I SEMESTER

Sl. Code Group Subject L T P Contact C

No. hrs/wk
1 18PE0EC3X PE Professional Elective –3 3 0 0 3 3

18PE0EC3A Artificial Neural Networks and Deep Learning

18PE0EC3B Adaptive Signal Processing

18PE0EC3C High Speed Electronics

18PE0EC3D NPTEL course*

2 18PE0EC4X PE Professional Elective –4 3 0 0 3 3

18PE0EC4A Mobile Communication and Networks

18PE0EC4B Error Correcting Codes

18PE0EC4C Introduction to MEMS

18PE0EC4D NPTEL course*

3 18PC0EC19 PC Microwave and Optical Communications 3 0 0 3 3

4 18OE0EC3X OE Open Elective -3 3 0 0 3 3

5 18PC0EC20 PC Internet of Things and Sensors 3 0 0 3 3

6 18PC0EC21 PC Microwave and Optical Communications 0 0 2 2 1

Laboratory
7 18PROJECT1 PROJ Project Stage-I 0 0 6 6 3

8 18PC0EC22 Summer Internship 0 0 4 4 2

9 18PC0EC23 Seminar 0 0 2 2 1

Total Credits 22
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

IV Year B. Tech. ECE I - Sem L T P C

3 0 0 3

(18PE0EC3A) ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS AND DEEP LEARNING

Course Objectives: To impart the knowledge of Artificial Neural Networks, Deep Learning Networks
and their learning algorithms with applications.

Course Outcomes: At the end of the course the student will be able to -

1. Understand Artificial Neural Networks and different learning rules.

2. Learn algorithms of Single Layer and Multilayer Perceptrons.
3. Understand Self-Organization Maps and some special Networks
4. Apply Convolutional Neural Networks in Deep learning applications.
5. Apply Recurrent Neural Networks in Deep learning applications.

UNIT-I: Introduction to Artificial Neural Networks: Introduction, Artificial Neural Networks,

Biological Neural Networks, Basic building blocks of Artificial Neural Networks, Important terminology,
feedback networks, Feed forward network, supervised learning, unsupervised learning, reinforced
learning, Learning rules: Hebbian learning, Perceptron learning, Delta learning, Competitive learning,
Boltzmann learning, Memory based learning.

UNIT-II: Single Layer and Multilayer Perceptrons: Single Layer Perceptrons: Adaptive Filtering
Problem, Unconstrained Organization Techniques, Linear Least Square Filters, Least Mean Square
Algorithm, Learning Curves, Learning Rate Annealing Schedules, Perceptron Convergence Theorem,
Relation Between Perceptron and Bayes Classifier for a Gaussian Environment, Multilayer Perceptron:
Back Propagation Algorithm XOR Problem, Heuristics, Output Representation and Decision Rule,
Feature Detection.

UNIT-III: Self-Organization Maps (SOM) and Some special Networks: Self-Organization Maps
(SOM): Two Basic Feature Mapping Models, Self-Organization Map, SOM Algorithm, Properties of
Feature, Learning Vector Quantization, Adaptive Patter Classification, Special Networks: Probabilistic
Neural Network, Cognitron, Neocognitron, Boltzmann Machine, Gaussian Machine, Cauchy Machine.

UNIT IV: Introduction to Convolutional Neural Networks: Introduction to CNNs, Kernel filter,
Principles behind CNNs, Multiple Filters, CNN applications
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

UNIT V: Introduction to Recurrent Neural Networks and Deep Learning applications: Introduction
to RNNs, Unfolded RNNs, Seq2Seq RNNs, LSTM, RNN applications, Application of Deep learning in
Image Processing, Speech Recognition.

Text Books:

1. Neural Networks A Comprehensive Foundation, Simon Haykin, Pearson Education Asia, Second
Edition
2. Introduction to Neural Networks Using Matlab 6.0, S N Sivanandam, S Sumathi, S N Deepa,
TMH
3. Goodfellow, I., Bengio,Y., and Courville, A., Deep Learning, MIT Press, 2016.
4. Neural Networks and Deep Learning A Textbook, Charu C. Aggarwal, Springer, 2018

Reference Books:

1. Bishop, C.,M., Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning, Springer, 2006.

2. Yegnanarayana, B., Artificial Neural Networks PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd, 2009.

4. Satish Kumar, Neural Networks: A Classroom Approach, Tata McGraw-Hill Education, 2004.

5. MATLAB Deep Learning with Machine Learning, Neural Networks and Artificial Intelligence, Phil
Kim, Apress, 2017
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

IV Year [Link]. ECE I-Sem L T P C

3 0 0 3
(18PE0EC3B) ADAPTIVE SIGNAL PROCESSING

Prerequisite: Probability Theory, Signals and systems

Course Objective: To develop adaptive systems on recursive models based on estimation methods and
analyze the performance.
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course, students will demonstrate the ability to:
1. Understand the non-linear control and the need and significance of changing the control
parameters w. r. t. real-time situation.
2. Mathematically represent the ‘adaptability requirement’.
3. Understand the mathematical treatment for the modeling and design of the signal processing systems.
4. Get the knowledge of different estiation methods
5. Study and analyze the RLS algorithm
Syllabus
UNIT I: Introduction to Adaptive Signal Processing: General concept of adaptive filtering and
estimation, applications and motivation, Review of probability, random variables and stationary random
processes, Correlation structures, properties of correlation matrices.

UNIT II: Adaptive Filters: Optimal FIR (Wiener) filter, Method of steepest descent, extension to
complex valued, The LMS algorithm (real, complex), convergence analysis, weight error correlation
matrix, excess mean square error and mis-adjustment.

UNIT III: LMS algorithms and Structures: Sign LMS family, normalized LMS algorithm, block LMS
and FFT based realization, frequency domain adaptive filters, Sub-band adaptive filtering. Signal space
concepts - introduction to finite dimensional vector space theory, subspace, basis, dimension, linear
operators, rank and nullity, inner product space, Orthogonality, Gram-Schmidt Orthogonalization,
concepts of orthogonal projection, orthogonal decomposition of vector spaces.

UNIT IV: Estimation and Prediction Methods: Vector space of random variables, correlation as inner
product, forward and backward projections, Stochastic lattice filters, recursive updating of forward and
backward prediction errors, relationship with AR modeling, joint process estimator, gradient adaptive
lattice.

UNIT V: State Estimators: RLS Algorithm: Introduction to recursive least squares (RLS), vector space
formulation of RLS estimation, pseudo-inverse of a matrix, time updating of inner products, development
of RLS lattice filters, RLS transversal adaptive filters.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

Advanced topics: affine projection and subspace based adaptive filters, partial update algorithms, QR
decomposition and systolic array.
Text Books:
1. Adaptive Signal Processing - Bernard Widrow, Samuel [Link], 2005, PE.
2. Adaptive Filter Theory - Simon Haykin-, 4 ed., 2002,PE Asia.
3. Digital Signal Processing: A Practitioner's Approach, Kaluri V. Rangarao, Ranjan K.
Mallik ISBN: 978-0-470-01769-2, 210 pages, November 2006, John Weley (UK)
Reference Books:
1. Optimum signal processing: An introduction - Sophocles. J. Orfamadis, 2 ed., 1988, McGraw-Hill,
Newyork
2. Adaptive signal processing-Theory and Applications, [Link] Alexander, 1986,Springer –Verlag.
3. Siganl analysis – Candy, Mc Graw Hill Int. Student Edition
4. James V. Candy, Signal Processing: A Modern Approach, McGraw-Hill, International Edition, 1988.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

IV Year [Link]. ECE I-Sem L T P C

3 0 0 3
(18PE0EC3C) HIGH SPEED ELECTRONICS
Prerequisite: Nil
Course Objective: The course aims to give exposure on the properties of high speed electronics, design
of amplifiers and mixers
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course, students will demonstrate the ability to:
1. Understand significance and the areas of application of high-speed electronics circuits.
2. Understand the properties of various components used in high speed electronics
3. Design High-speed electronic system using Amplifiers.
4. Design High-speed electronic system using Amplifiers
5. Design of electronic systems on PCD

Syllabus
UNIT I: Basics of High Speed Electronics: Transmission line theory (basics) crosstalk and no ideal
effects; signal integrity: impact of packages, vias, traces, connectors; non-ideal return current paths, high
frequency power delivery, methodologies for design of high speed buses;

UNIT II: Noise: Radiated emissions and minimizing system noise; Noise Analysis: Sources, Noise
Figure, Gain compression, Harmonic distortion, Inter modulation, Cross-modulation, Dynamic range
Devices: Passive and active, Lumped passive devices (models), Active (models, low vs High frequency)

UNIT III: Large Signal Amplifiers: RF Amplifier Design, Stability, Low Noise Amplifiers, Broadband
Amplifiers (and Distributed) Power Amplifiers, Class A, B, AB and C, D E Integrated circuit realizations,
Cross-over distortion Efficiency RF power output stages

UNIT IV: Mixers Mixers –Up conversion Down conversion, Conversion gain and spurious response.
Oscillators [Link] Transceiver architectures.

UNIT V: PCB Design Technology: Printed Circuit Board Anatomy, CAD tools for PCB design,
Standard fabrication, Microvia Boards. Board Assembly: Surface Mount Technology, Through Hole
Technology, Process Control and Design challenges.
Text Books:
1. Stephen H. Hall, Garrett W. Hall, James A. McCall “High-Speed Digital System Design: A Handbook
of Interconnect Theory and Design Practices”, August 2000, Wiley-IEEE Press
2. Thomas H. Lee, “The Design of CMOS Radio-Frequency Integrated Circuits”, Cambridge University
Press, 2004, ISBN 0521835399.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

Reference Books:
1. Behzad Razavi, “RF Microelectronics”, Prentice-Hall 1998, ISBN 0-13-887571-5.
2. Guillermo Gonzalez, “Microwave Transistor Amplifiers”, 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall.
3. Kai Chang, “RF and Microwave Wireless systems”, Wiley.
4. R.G. Kaduskar and [Link], Electronic Product design, Wiley India, 2011
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

IV Year [Link]. ECE I-Sem

L T P C
3 0 0 3

(18PE0EC4A) MOBILE COMMUNICATION AND NETWORKS

Course Objective: To understand the basic cellular system, fading, antennas, multiplexing, modulation
and standards of digital cellular system.
Course Outcomes: After completing the course the students shall be able to
1. Understand the basic structure of Cellular Systems
2. Understand how the various signal processing and fading models
3. Understand the concepts of various antennas used in mobile communication.
4. Understand various multiplexing and modulation techniques.
5. Introduce various wireless systems and standards.

Syllabus
UNIT I: Introduction to cellular systems : Wireless Standards, Cellular concepts- Cell structure,
frequency reuse, cell splitting, channel assignment, handoff interference, capacity, power control.
Overview of 2G, 3G and 4G cellular standards.

UNIT II: Signal Propagation and fading: Signal propagation-Propagation mechanism- reflection,
refraction, diffraction and scattering, large scale signal propagation and lognormal shadowing. Fading
channels-Multipath and small scale fading- Doppler shift, statistical multipath channel models,
narrowband and wideband fading models, power delay profile, average and rms delay spread, coherence
bandwidth and coherence time, flat and frequency selective fading, slow and fast fading, average fade
duration and level crossing rate.

UNIT III: Antennas at mobile UNIT and base station: Capacity of flat and frequency selective
channels, Antennas: Antennas for mobile terminal monopole antennas, RMA, GMA, PIFA, base station
antennas, disc-cone antennas, setup channel antennas and antenna arrays.

UNIT IV: Multiplexing, Modulation and Diversity Receivers: Multiple access schemes-FDMA,
TDMA, CDMA and SDMA. Modulation schemes- BPSK, QPSK and variants, QAM, MSK and GMSK,
multicarrier modulation, OFDM. Receiver structure- Diversity receivers- selection and MRC receivers,
RAKE receiver, equalization: linear-ZFE and adaptive, DFE. Transmit diversity-Altamonte scheme.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

UNIT V: Signal Processing and Digital Cellular Standards: MIMO and space time signal processing,
spatial multiplexing, diversity/multiplexing tradeoff. Performance measures- Outage, average SNR,
average symbol/bit error rate. System examples- GSM, EDGE, GPRS, IS-95, CDMA 2000 and
WCDMA.

Text Books:
1. WCY Lee, Mobile Cellular Telecommunications Systems, McGraw Hill, 1990.
2. VK Garg &JE Wilkes, Wireless & Personal Communication Systems, Prentice Hall, 1996.

Reference Books:
1. Raymond Steele, Mobile Radio Communications, IEEE Press, New York, 1992.
2. AJ Viterbi, CDMA: Principles of Spread Spectrum Communications, Addison Wesley, 1995.
3. WCY Lee, Mobile Communications Design Fundamentals, Prentice Hall, 1993.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

IV Year [Link]. ECE I-Sem L T P C

3 0 0 3

(18PE0EC4B) ERROR CORRECTING CODES

Prerequisite: Concept of Matrix Algebra

Course Objective: Impart the knowledge of different types of Error-Control Coding and decoding
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course, students will demonstrate the ability to:
1. Understand the error sources
2. Understand Linear Block Coding and decoding
3. Apply Hamming and Perfect Codes
4. Understand BCH and Generalized BCH coding and decoding
5. Apply Convolution codes

Syllabus
UNIT 1: Linear block codes: Systematic linear codes and optimum decoding for the binary symmetric
channel; Generator and Parity Check matrices, Syndrome decoding on symmetric channels,

UNIT 2: Hamming and Perfect Codes: Hamming codes; Weight enumerators and the McWilliams
identities; Perfect codes, Introduction to finite fields and finite rings; factorization of (X^n-1) over a finite
field; Cyclic Codes, Spectral properties of cyclic codes

UNIT 3: BCH Codes and generalized BCH codes: BCH codes; Idempotents and Mattson-Solomon
polynomials; Reed-Solomon codes, Justeen codes, MDS codes, Alterant, Goppa and generalized BCH
codes

UNIT 4: Decoding of BCH codes: Decoding of BCH codes: Berlekamp's decoding algorithm, Massey's
minimum shift register synthesis technique and its relation to Berlekamp's algorithm.

UNIT 5: Convolution codes: Wozencraft's sequential decoding algorithm, Fann's algorithm and other
sequential decoding algorithms; Viterbi decoding algorithm.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

Text Books:
1. F.J. McWilliams and N.J.A. Slone, The theory of error correcting codes, 1977.
2. R.E. Balahut, Theory and practice of error control codes, Addison Wesley, 1983.

Reference Books:
3. Shu Lin and Daniel J. Costello,Jr., Error Control Coding: Fundamentals and Applications, Prentice-
Hall, Inc.,1983
4. Simon Haykin, Communication Systems, 4th edition, John Wiley and Sons, Inc. 2001.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

IV Year [Link]. ECE I-Sem L T P C

3 0 0 3

(18PE0EC4C) INTRODUCTION TO MEMS

Prerequisite: VLSI Design

Course objectives: To provide knowledge of various sensors & actuators used in MEMS,
Semiconductors & solid mechanics to Fabricate MEMS devices
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course the students will be able to
1. Appreciate the underlying working principles of MEMS and NEMS devices.
2. Design and model MEM devices.
3. Know different materials used in MEMS
4. Apply MEMS to Disciplines beyond Electrical & Mechanical Engineering
5. Analyze Fabrication Process

Syllabus

UNIT I : Introduction To MEMS: Definition of MEMS, MEMS history and development. Laws of
scaling. The multi disciplinary nature of MEMS. Survey of materials central to micro engineering.
Applications of MEMS in various industries.

UNIT II: Micro Sensors and Actuators: Working principle of Microsystems - micro actuation
techniques - micro sensors – types – Micro actuators – types – micro pump – micro motors – micro –
valves – micro grippers – micro accelerometers.

UNIT III: Fabrication Process: Review of basic MEMS fabrication modules, Substrates - single
crystal silicon wafer formation – Photolithography: LIGA – SLIGA, – Ion implantation – Diffusion –
Oxidation – CVD - Physical vapor deposition - Deposition epitaxy - etching process.

UNIT IV: Micro System Manufacturing: Bulk Micro manufacturing - surface micro machining –
Sacrificial Layer Processes, Stiction, Bulk Micro Machining, Isotropic Etching and Anisotropic Etching,
Wafer Bonding, Micro machining: packaging techniques – die preparation – surface bonding - wire
bonding – sealing. Mechanics of solids in MEMS/NEMS: Stresses, Strain, Hookes’s law, Poisson effect.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

UNIT V: Electro Mechanical Systems: Linear thermal expansion, bending, energy methods, overview
of finite element method, modelling of coupled electromechanical systems.

Text Books:
1. Mohamed Gad – el – Hak, “MEMS Handbook”, CRC Press, 2002.
2. Rai - Choudhury P. “MEMS and MOEMS Technology and Applications”, PHI Learning Private
Limited, 2009.
3. Sabrie Solomon, “Sensors Handbook,” Mc Graw Hill, 1998.
4. Marc F Madou, “Fundamentals of Micro Fabrication”, CRC Press, 2nd Edition, 2002.

Reference Books:
1. Francis E.H. Tay and Choong .W.O, “Micro fluidics and Bio mems application”, IEEE Press New
York, 1997.
2. Trimmer William S., Ed., “Micromechanics and MEMS”, IEEE Press New York, 1997.
3. Maluf, Nadim, “An introduction to Micro electro mechanical Systems Engineering”, AR Tech house,
Boston 2000.
4. Julian [Link], Vijay [Link], Osama O. Awadel Karim, “Micro sensors MEMS and Smart
Devices”, John Wiby & sons Ltd., 2001.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

IV Year [Link]. ECE I-Sem L T P C

3 0 0 3

(18PC0EC19) MICROWAVE AND OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS

Pre–requisites: Foundation level knowledge of EMF theory, Electronic Circuit theory, and
Communication Systems.

Course Objective: Impart the knowledge of signal propagation through microwave devices and optical
fibers, its design principles, measurement parameters and its sources and detectors

Course Outcomes: At the end of the course the students will be able to-
1. Understand the basic concept of microwave engineering and analyze the characteristics of
microwave transmission line, strip and micro strip lines, Study about the S – matrix of MW
junctions and devices.
2. Illustrate the working principles of microwave active and passive components, their typical
characteristics and applications.
3. Illustrate the working principles of O type and M type tubes such as Klystrons and Magnetrons.
4. Understand and analyze the constructional, operational parameters of optical fibers and discuss its
types.
5. Compare various optical Sources and optical detectors and various applications.

UNIT I: Introduction to Microwaves and Transmission Lines: Introduction to Microwaves,

EMI/EMC. Features of TEM, TE and TM modes. Concept of impedance in Microwave transmission.
Wave propagation in Rectangular waveguide Strip Lines, Micro strip lines

Microwave Components: Scattering Matrix- significance, formulation and properties, S Matrix for 2
Port junctions, E Plane and H plane Tees, Magic Tee. Ferrite Devices: Concept of Faraday rotation:
Isolator and Circulator. Illustrative Problems.

UNIT II: Microwave Active Components: Gunn Diode: Principle, RWH Theory, V- I Characteristics,
Basic Modes of Operation, PIN Diode: Construction, Principle of operation and applications.
Microwave Tubes: O type tube: Reflex Klystrons- Structure, velocity modulation and Applegate
diagram, Bunching process, Efficiency. Effect of Repeller voltage on power output, Illustrative problems.

UNIT III: Microwave Devices Design Principles: Impedance transformation, Impedance matching,
Microwave Filter design, RF and Microwave Amplifier design, Microwave Power Amplifier design,
Microwave mixer and Oscillator design. Principle and Applications of MIMO.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

Microwave Antennas and Measurement: Antenna Parameters, Antenna for Ground base stations,
Airborne and Satellite borne systems, Planar Antennas. Power frequency and Impedance Measurement.
Measurement of S-parameters and MW Antenna Parameters, Spectrum Analyzer.

UNIT IV: Overview of Optical Fiber Communication: Introduction, Elements of an optical fiber
Communication, Advantages of Optical Fiber Communication, Ray Theory Transmission, Total Internal
Reflection, Acceptance Angle, Numerical Aperture, Skew Rays, Cylindrical Fibers- Modes, V-number,
Mode Coupling, Step Index Fibers, Graded Index Fibers.
Fiber Materials: Glass, Halide, Active Glass, Chalgenide Glass, Plastic Optical Fibers.

UNIT V: Optical Sources: LEDs, Structures, Materials, Quantum Efficiency, Power, Modulation, Power
Bandwidth Product, Injection Laser Diodes- Modes, Threshold Conditions, External Quantum Efficiency.
Optical Detectors: The PIN Photo detector and Avalanche Photo Detector, Detector Response Time,
Temperature Effect on Avalanche Gain, Comparison of Photo Detectors, Applications of Optical Fiber
Communication

Text Books:
1. Microwave Devices and Circuits – Samuel Y. Liao, PHI, 3rd Edition,2003.
2. RE Collins, Microwave Circuits, McGrah Hill
3. Optical Fiber Communications – Gerd Keiser, TMH, 4th Edition, 2008.
4. Optical Fiber Communications – John M. Senior, Pearson Education, 3rd Edition, 2009.
References Books:
1. Microwave Engineering – David M. Pozar Wiley Publications
2. Microwave Principles – Herbert J. Reich, J.G. Skalnik, P.F. Ordung and H.L. Krauss, CBS
Publishers and Distributors, New Delhi, 2004.
3. Fiber Optic Communications – D.K. Mynbaev , S.C. Gupta and Lowell L. Scheiner, Pearson
Education, 2005.
4. Fiber Optic Communication Systems – Govind P. Agarwal , John Wiley, 3rd Edition, 2004.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

IV Year B. Tech. ECE I - Sem L T P C

3 0 0 3

(18PC0EC20) INTERNET OF THINGS AND SENSORS

Course Objectives: To explore various components of Internet of things and design and implement IoT
circuits for key applications.

Course Outcomes: At the end of the course the student will be able to -

1. Understand the vision of IoT from a global context.

2. Design Principles for Connected Devices and Data Management.
3. Use of Devices, Gateways and Data Management in IoT
4. Interfacing of Sensors and Actuators.
5. Implementation of key applications of IoT.

UNIT I: Overview of Internet of Things (IoT) and its Architecture: Introduction, Conceptual
Framework, Architectural View, Sources of IoT, Enabling Technologies –Sensors, Fog/Edge and Cloud
Computing, Embedded Computing Boards, Communication Protocols, User Interfaces.

UNIT II: Design Principles for Connected Devices and Data Management: IoT/M2M Systems
Layers, Communications Technologies, IoT Devices- Arduino, Raspberry Pi, Intel Edison. Data
management - Data Acquiring, Organizing, Processing and Analytics, Device management,

UNIT III: IoT Protocols: Messaging Protocols - Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT),
Constraint Application Protocol (CoAP), Transport Protocols- Bluetooth Low Energy, Light Fidelity,
Addressing and Identification Protocol- Internet Protocol Version 4, - Internet Protocol Version 6,
6LowPAN, Uniform Resource Identifier, Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks (RPL),
ZigBee, ZigBee Smart Energy2.0.

UNIT IV: Sensors and their Interfacing: Introduction, Principle of Sensing, Types of Sensors- Pressure
Sensor, Flow Sensor, Acoustic Sensor, Humidity Sensor, Moisture Sensor, Gas Sensor, Obstacle Sensor,
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

Heartbeat Sensor, Ultrasonic Sensor, Gyro Sensor, LDR Sensor, Color Sensor, pH Sensor, interfacing of
these sensors with IoT Devices. Radio Frequency Identification Technology, Wireless Sensor Networks
Technology, Actuators, Interfacing of sensor and actuator.

UNIT V: Key Applications of IoT: Introduction, Smart Grid Management, Smart Home Management,
Smart City Management, Smart Perishable Tracking, Smart Healthcare Management, Smart Warehouse
Monitoring, Smart Retail Management, Electric Vehicle Charging, Vehicle Collision Avoidance.

Text Books:

1. Internet of Things: Architecture and Design Principles by Rajkamal, 1st Edition, 2nd reprint, Mc
Graw Hill Publications.
2. Internet of Things (A Hands-on-Approach), by Vijay Madisetti , Arshdeep Bahga, 1st Edition, VPT
Publications.
3. Internet of Things by S K Vasudevan, A S Nagrajan, RMD Sundaram, 1st Edition, Wiley
Publications.
Reference Books:

1. Designing the Internet of Things, by Adrian McEwen (Author), Hakim Cassimally, Wiely
Publications.
2. The Internet of Things- Key Applications and Protocols by Olivier Hersent, David Boswarthick &
Omar Elloumi, Wiely Publications.
3. Rethinking the Internet of Things: A Scalable Approach to Connecting Everything, by Francis
daCosta, 1st Edition, Apress Publications.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

IV Year [Link]. ECE I-Sem L T P C

0 0 2 1

(18PC0EC21) MICROWAVE AND OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS LABORATORY

1. Reflex Klystron characteristics

2. Gunn Diode Characteristics
3. Directional coupler characteristics
4. Measurement of scattering Parameters of E Plane TEE
5. Measurement of scattering Parameters of H Plane TEE
6. Measurement of scattering Parameters of HYBRID TEE
7. Measurement of scattering Parameters of Circulator
8. Attenuation Measurement: Fixed and Variable
9. Microwave Frequency Measurement
10. VSWR Measurement
11. Characteristics of LASER Diode
12. Characteristics of Light Emitting Diode (LED)
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

COURSE STRUCTURE

IV YEAR II SEMESTER

Sl. Code Group Subject L T P Contact C

No. hrs/wk
1 18PE0EC5X PE Professional Elective –5 3 0 0 3 3

18PE0EC5A Embedded Systems

18PE0EC5B Digital Image and Video Processing

18PE0EC5C Mixed Signal Design

18PE0EC5D NPTEL course*

2 18PE0EC6X PE Professional Elective –6 3 0 0 3 3

18PE0EC6A Satellite Communications

18PE0EC6B CMOS Design

18PE0EC6C Wireless Sensor Networks

18PE0EC6D NPTEL course*

3 18OE0EC4X OE Open Elective -4 3 0 0 3 3

4 18PROJECT2 PROJ Project Stage-II 0 0 14 14 7

Total Credits 16
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

IV Year [Link]. ECE II-Sem

L T P C
3 0 0 3
(18PE0EC5A) EMBEDDED SYSTEMS

Prerequisites: Microprocessors and microcontrollers, DLD, Computer Organisation

Course Objectives: To provide an overview of Design Principles of Embedded System and clear
understanding about the role of firmware, operating systems in correlation with hardware systems.

Course Outcomes: The students are

1. Expected to understand the selection procedure of Processors in the Embedded domain.
2. Expected to learn design procedure for Embedded Firmware.
3. Expected to visualize the role of Real time Operating Systems in Embedded Systems.
4. Expected to evaluate the Correlation between task synchronization and latency issues

Syllabus
UNIT I: Introduction to Embedded Systems: Definition of Embedded System, The concept of
embedded systems design, Embedded microcontroller cores, Embedded Systems Vs General Computing
Systems, Classification, Major Application Areas, Purpose of Embedded Systems, Characteristics and
Quality Attributes of Embedded Systems. Examples of embedded systems, technological aspects of
embedded systems: interfacing between analog and digital blocks, signal conditioning, digital signal
processing, sub system interfacing , interfacing with external systems, user interfacing.

UNIT II: Typical Embedded System: Core of the Embedded System: General Purpose and Domain
Specific Processors, ASICs, Commercial Off-The-Shelf Components (COTS), Memory: ROM, RAM,
Memory according to the type of Interface, Memory Shadowing, Memory selection for Embedded
Systems, Sensors and Actuators, Communication Interface: Onboard and External Communication
Interfaces. Design trade-offs due to process compatibility, Thermal considerations.

UNIT-III: RTOS Based Embedded System Design: Operating System Basics, Types of Operating
Systems, Vx works, MicroC/os-II, Embedded Linux, Real-time operating systems, RT Linux, Handheld
operating systems, Windows CE, How to Choose an RTOS
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

UNIT IV: Task Communication: Shared Memory, Semaphores, Mutex, Message Passing, Remote
Procedure Call and Sockets, Mailboxes , Message Queues, Event Registers, Pipes, Signals, Tasks,
Process and Threads,

UNIT –V: Task Synchronization: Software aspects of embedded systems, Real time programming
languages, Multiprocessing and Multitasking, Task Scheduling. Task Communication/Synchronization
Issues, Task Synchronization Techniques, Device Drivers,

Text Books:

1. Introduction to Embedded Systems - Shibu K.V, Mc Graw Hill.

References Books:

1. Embedded Systems - Raj Kamal, TMH.

2. Embedded System Design - Frank Vahid, Tony Givargis, John Wiley.
3. Embedded Systems – Lyla, Pearson, 2013
4. An Embedded Software Primer - David E. Simon, Pearson Education.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

IV Year [Link]. ECE II-Sem L T P C

3 0 0 3

(18PE0EC5B) DIGITAL IMAGE AND VIDEO PROCESSING

Prerequisite: Digital Signal Processing

Course Objectives: To study the digital image fundamentals, pre-processing techniques, segmentation
and to learn the fundamentals of video processing & standards.
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course, students will be able to
1. Understand the Digital images fundamentals and its uses.
2. Apply different Pre-processing techniques for improving the quality of the images.
3. Explain the concepts of Segmentation and various Compression techniques.
4. Understand the basics of Colour image processing.
5. Analyze the different Video Processing Standards.

Syllabus
UNIT I: Digital Image Fundamentals: Digital Image Fundamentals-Elements of visual perception,
image sensing and acquisition, image sampling and quantization, basic relationships between pixels –
neighborhood, adjacency, connectivity, distance measures.

UNIT 2: Image Enhancement and Restoration: Basic gray level transformations – Histogram
equalization – Histogram matching – spatial filtering– smoothing spatial filters – sharpening spatial filters
- model of the image degradation / Restoration process - mean filters – order - statistics filters - Adaptive
filters – Inverse filtering – minimum mean square error filtering – constrained least squares filtering –
Geometric mean filter – geometric transformations.

UNIT 3: Image Segmentation & Image Compression: Image Segmentation - Detection of

discontinuities, edge linking and boundary detection, thresholding – global and adaptive, region-based
segmentation.
Image Compression-Redundancy – inter-pixel and psycho-visual; Lossless compression – predictive,
entropy; Lossy compression - predictive and transform coding; Discrete Cosine Transform; Still image
compression standards – JPEG and JPEG-2000.
UNIT 4: Color Image Processing: Color Image Processing-Color models–RGB, YUV, HSI; Color
transformations– formulation, color complements, color slicing, tone and color corrections; Color image
smoothing and sharpening; Color Segmentation.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

UNIT 5: Video Processing: Fundamentals of Video Coding- Inter-frame redundancy, motion estimation
techniques – full search,fast search strategies, forward and backward motion prediction, frame
classification – I, P and B; Video sequence hierarchy – Group of pictures, frames, slices, macro-blocks
and blocks; Elements of a video encoder and decoder; Video coding standards – MPEG and H.26X.
Video Segmentation- Temporal segmentation–shot boundary detection, hard-cut sand soft-cuts; spatial
segmentation – motion-based; Video object detection and tracking.

Text Book:
1. R.C. Gonzalez and R.E. Woods, Digital Image Processing, Second Edition, Pearson Education 3rd
edition 2015.
Reference Books:

1.A.K. Jain, Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing, New Edition, Prentice Hall of India, 2011.

2. R.C. Gonzalez and R.E. Woods, Digital Image Processing, Second Edition, Pearson
Education 3rd edition 2013.

3. [Link], “The Essential Guide to Image Processing”, Academic Press, 2009.

4. William K. Pratt, “Digital Image Processing”, Third Edition, John Wiley, 2001.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

IV Year [Link]. ECE II-Sem L T P C

3 0
0 3

(18PE0EC5C) MIXED SIGNAL DESIGN

Course Objective: To impart the knowledge of mixed signals and their interconversions
Course Outcomes: At the end of the course, students will demonstrate the ability to:
1. Understand the practical situations where mixed signal analysis is required.
2. Analyze and handle the inter-conversions between signals.
3. Design systems involving mixed signals

UNIT 1: Analog and discrete-time signal processing: Introduction to sampling theory; Analog
continuous time filters: passive and active filters; Basics of analog discrete-time filters and Z-transform.

UNIT II: Switched-capacitor filters: Nonidealities in switched-capacitor filters; Switched-capacitor

filter architectures; Switched-capacitor filter applications.

UNIT III: Basics of data converters: Successive approximation ADCs, Dual slope ADCs, Flash ADCs,
Pipeline ADCs, Hybrid ADC structures, High-resolution ADCs, DACs.

UNIT IV: Mixed-signal layout: Interconnects and data transmission; Voltage-mode signalingand data
transmission; Current-mode signaling and data transmission.

UNIT V: Introduction to frequency synthesizers and synchronization: Introduction to frequency

synthesizers and synchronization; Basics of PLL, Analog PLLs; Digital PLLs; DLLs.

Text Books:
1. R. Jacob Baker, CMOS mixed-signal circuit design, Wiley India, IEEE press, reprint 2008.
2. Behzad Razavi , Design of analog CMOS integrated circuits, McGraw-Hill, 2003.

Reference Books:
1. R. Jacob Baker, CMOS circuit design, layout and simulation, Revised second edition, IEEE press,
2008.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

2. Rudy V. de Plassche, CMOS Integrated ADCs and DACs, Springer, Indian edition, 2005.
3. Arthur B. Williams, Electronic Filter Design Handbook, McGraw-Hill, 1981.
4. R. Schauman, Design of analog filters by, Prentice-Hall 1990 (or newer additions).
5. M. Burns et al., An introduction to mixed-signal IC test and measurement by, Oxford university press,
first Indian edition, 2008.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

IV Year [Link]. ECE II-Sem L T P C

3 0 0 3

(18PE0EC6A) SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS

Prerequisite: Nil
Course Objectives:

1. The main objective of the course is to prepare the students to excel in basic knowledge of satellite
communication principles, link design of satellite, multiple access systems and earth station technology
with design examples.

2. Provide the students with solid foundation in orbital mechanics and launches for the satellite
communication

Course Outcomes: At the end of this course students will demonstrate the ability to-

1. Visualize the architecture of satellite systems and state various aspects related to orbital mechanics.
2. Visualize the architecture of satellite subsystems and phenomenon in satellite communication.
3. Solve numerical problems related to orbital motion and design of link budget for the given parameters
and conditions.
4. Have knowledge in various modulation and multiple access schemes.
5. Have knowledge in earth station technology, satellite navigation and GPS.
Syllabus
UNIT I: Introduction to Satellite Communication and Orbital Mechanics: Principles and architecture
of satellite Communication, Brief history of Satellite systems, advantages, disadvantages, applications
and frequency bands used for satellite communication.
Orbital Mechanics: Orbital equations, Kepler's laws, Apogee and Perigee for an elliptical orbit,
evaluation of velocity, orbital period, angular velocity etc. of a satellite, concepts of Solar day
and Sidereal day.

UNIT II: Satellite sub-systems: Study of Architecture and Roles of various sub-systems of a satellite
system such as Telemetry, tracking, command and monitoring (TTC & M), Attitude and orbit control
system (AOCS), Communication sub-system, power sub-systems etc.
Typical Phenomena in Satellite Communication: Solar Eclipse on satellite, its effects, remedies for
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

Eclipse, Sun Transit Outage phenomena, its effects and remedies, Doppler frequency shift phenomena
and expression for Doppler shift.
UNIT III: Satellite Link: Flux density and received signal power equations, Calculation of System noise
temperature for satellite receiver, noise power calculation, Drafting of satellite link budget and C/N ratio
calculations in clear air and rainy conditions.

UNIT-IV: Modulation and Multiple Access Schemes: Various modulation schemes used in satellite
communication, Meaning of Multiple Access, Multiple access schemes based on time, frequency, and
code sharing namely TDMA, FDMA and CDMA.

UNIT-V: Earth Station Technology and Satellite Navigation: Transmitters, Receivers, Antennas,
Tracking Systems, Terrestrial Interface, Power Test Methods, Lower Orbit Considerations.
Radio and Satellite Navigation, GPS Position Location Principles, GPS Receivers, GPS C/A Code
Accuracy, Differential GPS.
Text Books:
1. Satellite Communications —Timothy Pratt, Charles Bostian, Jeremy Allnutt, 2nd Edition, 2003,
John Wiley & Sons.
2. Satellite Communications Engineering — Wilbur, L. Pritchand, Robert A. Nelson and Heuri G.
Suyderhoud, 2nd Ed., Pearson Publications.
3. Digital Satellite Communications..Tri–Ha 2nd Edition, 1990, [Link] Hill.
Reference Books:
1. Satellite Communications Dennis Roddy, 2nd Edition, 1996, McGraw Hill.
2. Satellite Communications: Design Principles — M. Richcharia, 2nd Ed., BSP, 2003.
3. Fundamentals of Satellite Communications — K. N. Raja Rao, PHI, 2004.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

IV Year [Link]. ECE II-Sem L T P C

3 0 0 3
(18PE0EC6B) CMOS DESIGN

Prerequisite: VLSI Design

Course Objective: Design and layout basic CMOS integrated circuits and Apply the common design
techniques for optimization and understand the tradeoffs and issues in modern CMOS Circuit design

Course Outcomes: At the end of the course the students will be able to
1. Understand the characteristics of MOS transistors.
2. Design and analysis of CMOS Circuits including challenges in timing optimization.
3. Understand the Methods for optimizing the area, speed, and power of circuits.
4. Design Combinational logic circuits using different CMOS logics
5. Analysis and design techniques in Conventional CMOS Flip-flop circuit design
Syllabus

UNIT I: Review of MOS transistor model: Non-ideal behavior of the MOS Transistor-Channel Length
Modulation-Threshold voltage effects-Body effect-Drain induced Barrier Lowering (DIBL)-Short
Channel effects-High Field Effects-Mobility Degradation-Velocity Saturation-Leakage-Sub-threshold
Leakage-Gate Leakage- Junction Leakage-Process and Environmental Variations-MOS Transistor as a
switch-N channel-P channel-ON Resistance-OFF Resistance-Static CMOS Inverter characteristics-Beta
ratio effects.

UNIT II: Delay Concepts in CMOS : Introduction-Definitions-Timing Optimization-Transient

Response-RC Delay Model-Effective Resistance-Gate and Diffusion Capacitance-Equivalent RC
Circuits-Transient Response-Elmore Delay-Layout Dependence of Capacitance-Determining Effective
Resistance-Linear Delay Model-Logical Effort-Parasitic Delay-Delay in a Logic Gate-Drive-Extracting
Logical Effort from Datasheets-Limitations to the Linear Delay Model-Logical Effort of Paths-Delay in
Multistage Logic Networks-Choosing the Best Number of Stages-Example and Observations-Limitations
of Logical-Iterative Solutions for Sizing

UNIT III: Power, Interconnect and Robustness Concepts in CMOS: Power-Introduction-Definitions-

Example: CMOS Inverter -Sources of Power Dissipation-Dynamic Power-Activity Factor-Capacitance-
Voltage-Frequency-Short-Circuit Current-Static Power-Static Power Sources-Power Gating-Multiple
Threshold Voltages and Oxide Thicknesses- Interconnect- Introduction-Interconnect Modeling-
Resistance Capacitance-Inductance-Skin Effect -Interconnect Impact-Delay-Energy-Crosstalk-Inductive
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

Effect -Interconnect Engineering-Width, Spacing, and Layer-Repeaters - Robustness-Introduction-

Variability-Supply Voltage-Temperature-Process Variation-Design Corners-Reliability-Reliability
Terminology-Oxide Wearout-Interconnect Wearout-Soft Errors-Overvoltage Failure-Latchup-Scaling-
Transistor Scaling-Interconnect Scaling-Impacts on Design

UNIT IV: Designing Combinational Logic Gates in CMOS: Introduction-Static CMOS Design-
Complementary CMOS-Ratioed Logic-Pass-Transistor Logic-Dynamic CMOS Design-Dynamic Logic:
Basic Principle-Speed and Power Dissipation of Dynamic Logic-Issues in Dynamic Design-Cascading
Dynamic Gates- Domino Logic-Dual rail logic networks-Case study: AND/NAND-OR/NOR gates
Design.

UNIT V: Sequential Circuit Design in CMOS: Introduction-Sequencing Static Circuits-Sequencing

Methods-Max-Delay Constraints-Min-Delay Constraints-Time Borrowing-Clock Skew-Circuit Design of
Latches and Flip-Flops-Conventional CMOS Latches-Conventional CMOS Flip-Flops-Pulsed Latches-
Resettable Latches and Flip-Flops-Enabled Latches and Flip-Flops-Incorporating Logic into Latches-
Klass Semidynamic Flip-Flop (SDFF)-Differential Flip-Flops

Text Books:
1. N.H.E. Weste and D.M. Harris, “CMOS VLSI design: A Circuits and Systems Perspective”,
4thEdition, Pearson Education India, 2015.
2. J. Rabaey, “Digital Integrated Circuits: A Design Perspective”, Prentice Hall India, 2009.
Reference Books:
1.R. Jacob Baker,CMOS Circuit Design, Layout, and Simulation (3rd edition), IEEE & Wiley, 2010
[Link]& Meyer, Analysis and Design of Analog Integrated Circuits (5th edition), Wiley, 2009.
[Link] and L. Conway, Introduction to VLSI Systems, Addison Wesley, 1979.
4. P. Douglas, VHDL: programming by example, McGraw Hill, 2013.
5. L. Glaser and D. Dobberpuhl, The Design and Analysis of VLSI Circuits, Addison Wesley, 1985.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

IV Year [Link]. ECE II-Sem L T P C

3 0 0 3

(18PE0EC6C) WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS

Course Objective(s): To understand the basic WSN technology, supporting protocols, medium access
control protocols, design and architecture of WSNs.
Course Outcomes: After completing the course the students shall be able to
1. Describe and explain radio standards and communication protocols on the link and networking layers
for wireless personal area networks.
2. Describe and explain the different protocols
3. Describe and explain the MAC protocol and types.
4. Explain the design principles of WSNs.
5. Be familiar with architectures, functions and performance of wireless sensor networks systems.

Syllabus
UNIT I: Introduction and types of WSNs : Introduction to Sensor Networks, unique constraints and
challenges, Advantage of Sensor Networks, Applications of Sensor Networks, Types of wireless sensor
networks. Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs) and Wireless Sensor Networks,

UNIT II: Medium Access Control (MAC): Protocol Technologies for Wireless Sensor Networks, Issues
and challenges in wireless sensor networks, Routing protocols, MAC protocols: Classification of MAC
Protocols, S-MAC Protocol, B-MAC protocol,

UNIT III: Other protocols and standards: IEEE 802.15.4 standard, ZigBee, Dissemination protocol for
large sensor network, Data dissemination, data gathering, data fusion, Quality of a sensor network, Real-
time traffic support and security protocols.

UNIT IV: Design principles of WSNs: Design Principles, Gateway Concepts Need for gateway, WSN
to Internet Communication, and Internet to WSN Communication.

UNIT V: Architecture of WSNs: Single-node architecture, Hardware components & design constraints,
Operating systems and execution environments, introduction to TinyOS and nesC.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

Text Books:
1. Waltenegus Dargie , Christian Poel Laboratoryauer, “Fundamentals Of Wireless Sensor Networks
Theory And Practice”, By John Wiley & Sons Publications ,2011
2. Protocols and Architectures for Wireless Sensor Networks,H. Karl and A. Willig, Wiley Publishers,
2005.
3. Philip Levis, And David Gay "TinyOS Programming” by Cambridge University Press 2009.
Reference Books:
1. Feng Zhao, Leonidas Guibas, “Wireless Sensor Networks”, Elsevier Publications,2004
2. Kazem Sohrby, Daniel Minoli, “Wireless Sensor Networks”: Technology, Protocols and
Applications, Wiley-Inter science
3. Sabrie Soloman, “Sensors Handbook" by McGraw Hill publication. 2009
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

*Any one NPTEL Course of duration 12 weeks can be taken from the following list as Professional
Elective course in any one semester of the entire programme.

NPTEL Courses for UG

S/No Name of the Course Duration (Weeks)

1 Design of photovoltaic systems 12
2 Pattern Recognition and Application 12
3 Optical Engineering 12
4 Introduction to Photonics 12
5 Integrated Photonics Devices and Circuits 12
6 Introductory Neuroscience & Neuro-Instrumentation 12
7 Mathematical Aspects of Biomedical Electronic System 12
Design
8 Principles and Techniques of Modern Radar Systems 12
9 Advanced Microwave Guided-Structures and Analysis 12
10 Fiber Optic Communication Technology 12

Note 1: In case of student passing in NPTEL MOOC course, his/her performance (good, better, best)
should be graded proportionately in to CGPA.

Note 2: In case, the student fails in NPTEL MOOC course chosen in any of the semester, the provision
shall be given to choose and clear any one of the existing PE or OE course from the same semester in off-
line mode, because the same NPTEL MOOC course may not be available in next spell.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

LIST OF OPEN ELECTIVE SUBJECTS

Subject Code Subject Title Year/Sem

Electronic Measurements and

18OE0EC1A
Instrumentation
III-I
18OE0EC1B Bio-Medical Electronics

18OE0EC2A Embedded Systems

18OE0EC2B Principles of Electronic Communications III-II

18OE0EC3A Digital Signal Processing

18OE0EC3B VLSI Design IV-I

18OE0EC4A Cellular and Mobile Communications

18OE0EC4B Digital Image Processing IV-II

Note- The Open Elective subjects will be offered Year/Sem wise as per the above table.
 Guru Nanak Institutions Technical Campus (Autonomous)
School of Engineering & Technology

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering