TELANGANA
AND
JHARKHAND
CLIMATE
An introspection into the climate in
Telangana and Jharkhand
TELANGANA’S CLIMATE
• Climate Type: Telangana falls under a semi-arid tropical climate zone.
Summers are long and hot, typically from March to June, with peak
temperatures reaching up to 45°C, especially in districts like Nalgonda and
Nizamabad.
• Winters: The winter season is relatively mild with temperatures ranging
between 15°C–25°C.
• Rainfall: Most rainfall occurs during the Southwest monsoon (June–
September) with an annual average of 750–900 mm, which is less compared to
eastern India.
• Impact on Agriculture: Since the state receives moderate rainfall, agriculture
depends heavily on irrigation projects like Kaleshwaram, and the timing of
monsoons is critical for sowing crops like cotton, maize, and paddy.
JHARKHAND CLIMATE CONDITIONS
• Climate Type: Jharkhand has a tropical monsoon climate with humid subtropical features.
• Seasonal Temperatures: Summers are moderate (25°C–35°C) due to dense forests and hilly
terrain, while winters can drop to below 10°C in plateau regions like Ranchi.
• Rainfall: It receives 1100–1400 mm of rainfall annually, primarily from the Southwest
monsoon (June–September).
• Geographical Influence: Its forests, rivers, and elevation influence local climatic conditions,
making it relatively cooler compared to Telangana.
• Agriculture: Rich in natural resources, Jharkhand relies on rain-fed agriculture with crops
like rice, maize, and pulses.
TELANGANA CLIMATE ISSUES
• Heatwaves: Telangana faces increasing frequency and intensity of heatwaves, posing health
risks and agricultural stress.
• Irregular Monsoon: Rainfall is unpredictable, leading to droughts in some years and floods in
others.
• Water Scarcity: Groundwater levels are declining rapidly due to over-extraction for irrigation
and urban use.
• Urbanization: Expanding cities like Hyderabad contribute to heat island effects, making
temperatures worse.
• Agriculture at Risk: Erratic climate patterns affect crop yields, increasing farmer distress.
JHARKHAND CLIMATE ISSUES
• Deforestation: Rapid cutting of forests for mining and urbanization has disrupted rainfall
patterns and reduced green cover.
• Pollution: Industrial and mining activities have led to increased air pollution and contaminated
water sources.
• Flooding and Soil Erosion: Heavy monsoon rainfall causes frequent flooding, damaging crops
and infrastructure.
• Livelihood Impact: Tribal communities depending on forests are losing their traditional sources
of income.
• Temperature Changes: Gradual warming is reducing agricultural productivity and increasing pest
incidence.
SOLUTIONS & UN SDG THEY COVER
• Afforestation & Watershed Management: Increasing green cover to restore rainfall balance and
improve groundwater recharge.
• Rainwater Harvesting & Irrigation: Building small dams, check dams, and community tanks to
store rainwater for use during dry months.
• Sustainable Agriculture: Promoting drought-resistant and climate-smart crops, reducing
dependence on erratic rainfall.
• Early Warning Systems: Setting up alert systems for heatwaves and floods to protect lives and
livelihoods.
• Clean Energy Transition: Reducing industrial emissions through solar energy adoption and eco-
friendly practices.
• Relevant UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs):
• SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation – Water conservation and efficient irrigation.
• SDG 13: Climate Action – Mitigation and adaptation strategies.
• SDG 15: Life on Land – Afforestation, biodiversity conservation, and ecosystem restoration.