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Basic Electronics - Part 01

The document contains a series of multiple-choice questions (MCQs) related to basic electronics, covering topics such as electric current, voltage, resistance, and various electronic components. Each question includes options and the correct answer, providing foundational knowledge for understanding electrical circuits and components. The questions range from definitions and laws to practical applications in electronics.

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Aamir Sohail
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
4 views10 pages

Basic Electronics - Part 01

The document contains a series of multiple-choice questions (MCQs) related to basic electronics, covering topics such as electric current, voltage, resistance, and various electronic components. Each question includes options and the correct answer, providing foundational knowledge for understanding electrical circuits and components. The questions range from definitions and laws to practical applications in electronics.

Uploaded by

Aamir Sohail
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Basic Electronics – Part 01

MCQs Q1–Q50

1. What is the unit of electric current?


A. Volt
B. Ohm
C. Ampere
D. Watt
Answer: C. Ampere
(Measures the flow of electric charge.)

2. Which law defines the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance?
A. Coulomb’s Law
B. Faraday’s Law
C. Ohm’s Law
D. Kirchhoff’s Law
Answer: C. Ohm’s Law
(V = I × R is the foundation of circuit analysis.)

3. What does a resistor do in a circuit?


A. Stores charge
B. Blocks current completely
C. Opposes current flow
D. Amplifies current
Answer: C. Opposes current flow
(Used to control current.)

4. Which component stores electrical energy in an electric field?


A. Inductor
B. Capacitor
C. Diode
D. Resistor
Answer: B. Capacitor
(Quickly stores and releases energy.)

5. The unit of resistance is:


A. Ampere
B. Ohm
C. Volt
D. Watt
Answer: B. Ohm
(Standard unit symbolized as Ω.)
6. In a DC circuit, current flows:
A. Back and forth
B. In a circular loop
C. In one direction
D. Randomly
Answer: C. In one direction
(DC = Direct Current.)

7. What device allows current to flow in only one direction?


A. Capacitor
B. Diode
C. Resistor
D. Transformer
Answer: B. Diode
(Used in rectifiers and protection.)

8. Which unit is used to measure electric potential or voltage?


A. Watt
B. Ohm
C. Coulomb
D. Volt
Answer: D. Volt
(Volt = Joules per Coulomb.)

9. What happens when resistors are connected in series?


A. Total resistance decreases
B. Current increases
C. Total resistance increases
D. Voltage becomes zero
Answer: C. Total resistance increases
(Series: R_total = R1 + R2 ...)

10. A short circuit occurs when:


A. Resistance is too high
B. Circuit is open
C. Current has an unintended low-resistance path
D. No voltage is applied
Answer: C. Current has an unintended low-resistance path
(Causes excessive current.)
11. Ohm’s law formula is:
A. V = R × I
B. R = V × I
C. I = R / V
D. P = V / I
Answer: A. V = R × I
(Defines relationship between voltage, current, resistance.)

12. What is the function of an inductor?


A. Blocks DC
B. Stores energy in a magnetic field
C. Generates heat
D. Rectifies AC
Answer: B. Stores energy in a magnetic field
(Opposes changes in current.)

13. What does a multimeter measure?


A. Resistance only
B. Voltage only
C. Current only
D. Voltage, current, and resistance
Answer: D. Voltage, current, and resistance
(A basic test tool for electronics.)

14. What is the SI unit of power?


A. Ohm
B. Watt
C. Volt
D. Ampere
Answer: B. Watt
(Power = Voltage × Current)

15. If two 4Ω resistors are connected in series, total resistance is:


A. 2Ω
B. 4Ω
C. 8Ω
D. 0Ω
Answer: C. 8Ω
(Series adds directly: 4 + 4 = 8Ω)
16. The current through a resistor increases if:
A. Voltage decreases
B. Resistance increases
C. Voltage increases
D. Temperature drops
Answer: C. Voltage increases
(I = V/R; more voltage, more current.)

17. Capacitor blocks:


A. DC
B. AC
C. Both AC and DC
D. None
Answer: A. DC
(Allows AC to pass, blocks DC after charging.)

18. Which is a passive component?


A. Transistor
B. Op-amp
C. Capacitor
D. SCR
Answer: C. Capacitor
(Does not amplify or switch signals.)

19. Which color represents '2' in resistor color coding?


A. Red
B. Green
C. Blue
D. Yellow
Answer: A. Red
(0 = Black, 1 = Brown, 2 = Red, ...)

20. The sum of voltages around a closed loop is zero. This is:
A. Ohm’s Law
B. Faraday’s Law
C. KVL
D. KCL
Answer: C. KVL (Kirchhoff's Voltage Law)
(Conservation of energy in circuits.)
21. Diodes are made from:
A. Iron
B. Copper
C. Semiconductor materials
D. Plastic
Answer: C. Semiconductor materials
(Like Silicon or Germanium.)

22. AC means:
A. All Current
B. Alternative Current
C. Alternating Current
D. Automatic Current
Answer: C. Alternating Current
(Changes direction periodically.)

23. What is the frequency of AC supply in Pakistan?


A. 50 Hz
B. 60 Hz
C. 100 Hz
D. 25 Hz
Answer: A. 50 Hz
(Standard in many countries.)

24. A fuse protects circuits from:


A. Voltage drop
B. Overheating
C. Overcurrent
D. Frequency changes
Answer: C. Overcurrent
(It melts and breaks the circuit.)

25. Which component is polarized?


A. Resistor
B. Non-electrolytic capacitor
C. Diode
D. Inductor
Answer: C. Diode
(Must be connected in correct direction.)
26. The energy stored in a capacitor is measured in:
A. Watts
B. Volts
C. Joules
D. Amperes
Answer: C. Joules
(Energy = ½ × C × V²)

27. One kilohm equals:


A. 100Ω
B. 10Ω
C. 1,000Ω
D. 10,000Ω
Answer: C. 1,000Ω

28. The function of a battery is to:


A. Amplify voltage
B. Store charge
C. Supply voltage
D. Increase resistance
Answer: C. Supply voltage

29. Resistors in parallel have:


A. Increased resistance
B. Same voltage across all
C. Same current through all
D. Total resistance equals sum
Answer: B. Same voltage across all

30. Which formula defines electric power?


A. P = I / R
B. P = V × I
C. P = V / R
D. P = I × R
Answer: B. P = V × I

31. The opposition to current in an AC circuit due to capacitance is called:


A. Resistance
B. Impedance
C. Inductive reactance
D. Capacitive reactance
Answer: D. Capacitive reactance
32. When current passes through a conductor, it produces:
A. Heat only
B. Voltage only
C. Magnetic field
D. Frequency
Answer: C. Magnetic field

33. Which element opposes change in current?


A. Capacitor
B. Diode
C. Inductor
D. Switch
Answer: C. Inductor

34. Which of the following is used to store electric charge?


A. Diode
B. Resistor
C. Capacitor
D. Inductor
Answer: C. Capacitor

35. The resistance of a wire depends on:


A. Color
B. Temperature, material, length, and area
C. Frequency
D. Capacitance
Answer: B. Temperature, material, length, and area

36. A device used to step down AC voltage is:


A. Rectifier
B. Capacitor
C. Inductor
D. Transformer
Answer: D. Transformer

37. What causes power loss in a conductor?


A. Capacitance
B. Resistance
C. Voltage
D. Reactance
Answer: B. Resistance
38. Grounding in electrical systems provides:
A. Extra voltage
B. Current regulation
C. Safety path
D. Frequency stabilization
Answer: C. Safety path

39. A zener diode is used for:


A. Power gain
B. Voltage regulation
C. Energy storage
D. Filtering
Answer: B. Voltage regulation

40. A potentiometer is a:
A. Fixed resistor
B. Variable capacitor
C. Variable resistor
D. Switch
Answer: C. Variable resistor

41. Resistance in a wire increases with:


A. Decreasing length
B. Increasing diameter
C. Increasing length
D. Cooling
Answer: C. Increasing length

42. Which is a source of DC?


A. Battery
B. Transformer
C. Alternator
D. Inductor
Answer: A. Battery

43. What happens when you short both terminals of a charged capacitor?
A. Voltage increases
B. Capacitor charges more
C. Discharge occurs
D. Nothing
Answer: C. Discharge occurs
44. The symbol “Ω” represents:
A. Voltage
B. Resistance
C. Power
D. Capacitance
Answer: B. Resistance

45. Power in electrical systems is:


A. Work per second
B. Voltage per second
C. Frequency per minute
D. Resistance per second
Answer: A. Work per second

46. Diode conducts current when:


A. Reverse biased
B. Forward biased
C. Cold
D. Low voltage
Answer: B. Forward biased

47. A voltmeter is connected:


A. In series
B. In parallel
C. Either way
D. Outside the circuit
Answer: B. In parallel

48. A typical LED forward voltage is:


A. 5V
B. 3V
C. 0.3V
D. 1.8–3.3V
Answer: D. 1.8–3.3V

49. What is the main use of a breadboard?


A. Cooking
B. Electrical insulation
C. Temporary circuit prototyping
D. AC testing
Answer: C. Temporary circuit prototyping
50. In electronics, a node is:
A. Power source
B. A switch
C. A point where two or more components connect
D. Capacitor
Answer: C. A point where two or more components connect

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