Answer Key — Informatics Practices (065) — CBSE Class XII

Section A (Q1–Q21) — 1 mark each

1. True. (HAVING filters groups after GROUP BY.)
2. (b) Plagiarism.
3. (a) cyber troll.
4. (b) 800. (ROUND with -2 rounds to hundreds.)
5. (c) Monday. (2019-05-27 is Monday if 2019-05-26 was Sunday.)
6. (b) WHERE.
7. SELECT Username, Password FROM Users; (second option is
correct)
8. False. (CONCAT returns a string — not necessarily the same
type as arguments.)
9. (b) Power( ).
10. (a) 5. (range(5) → elements 0..4, total 5)
11. (a) print([Link](3)).
12. (There was no Q12 in file — skip if absent.)
13. (c) Web layout view.
14. (a) MAX().
15. (b) Trademark. (logos are trademarks)
16. (d) All of the above.
17. (d) curdate() (returns date in YYYY-MM-DD form)
18. (b) SMTP. (mail transfer between servers)
19. (d) Count(*) (COUNT(*) counts rows including NULLs;
other aggregates ignore NULLs)
20. A is False; R is True.
 A is false (social media do allow creating and sharing content).
 R (about not wasting time on unnecessary replies) — considered
true.
21. Both A and R are True, and R is NOT the correct
explanation for A.
 A (definition of data visualization) — True.
 R (pip install matplotlib) — True but not an explanation of A.

Section B (Q22–Q28) — 2 marks each

22A (expansions):
 SMTP — Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
 URL — Uniform Resource Locator
 TCP/IP — Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol
 VoIP — Voice over Internet Protocol
22B (alternate):
 Computer Network: group of interconnected autonomous
computers that share resources and data.
 Autonomous computers: machines that operate independently
(own CPU, storage, control) but can communicate over network.
23. Error & corrected query
  Error: WHERE must appear before GROUP BY; also block=2 or 3
is incorrect syntax.
 Corrected (recommended):
SELECT block, COUNT(*)
FROM apartments
WHERE block IN (2,3)
GROUP BY block;
 (Alternative using HAVING if filtering after grouping:
SELECT block, COUNT(*)
FROM apartments
GROUP BY block
HAVING block IN (2,3);
```)

**24.** *What is a website vs webpage?*

- **Website:** collection of related webpages (hosted under a domain).
- **Webpage:** a single HTML document (one page) within a website.

**(Alternate — star vs bus topology)**

- **Star:** all nodes connect to a central hub/switch; easier to isolate
faults; more cabling.
- **Bus:** single backbone cable with nodes tapped on; simpler cabling
but single-point of failure and harder to troubleshoot.

**25.** *Create pandas Series from tuple `d1`*

```python
import pandas as pd
d1 = (100, 'Vivek', 96.3, 'A')
s = [Link](d1)
print(s)
26. Netiquette (two examples):
 Use polite, respectful language; avoid all-caps/insults.
 Don’t share private / sensitive information of others without
permission.
(Alternate — e-waste management suggestion: organized
collection + recycling/refurbishment programs, producer take-
back schemes.)
27. Outputs for the code (corrected understanding):
s = [Link]([10,20,30,40,50], index=['a','b','c','d','e'])
print(s[0]) # -> 10
print(s['a':'c']) # -> a 10
# b 20
# c 30
print(s[2]) # -> 30
print(s['a']) # -> 10
28. Given:
y1 = {'P1':5000,'P2':800,'P3':1200,'P4':1800}
y2 = {'P':1300,'Q':1400,'R':1200}
total = {1: y1, 2: y2}
df = [Link](total)
print(df)
 Index of DataFrame: union of all keys from y1 and y2 →
['P1','P2','P3','P4','P','Q','R'] (these become row index labels).
 Column names: [1, 2] (the keys of the total dictionary become
columns).

Section C (Q29–Q32) — 3 marks each

29. Outputs for SQL queries based on orders table
 Cannot produce exact numeric outputs here because the orders
table data (rows) is not included in the uploaded file — the
queries themselves are:
(i) select length(cname) from orders where qty > 100; → returns
length of cname for rows where qty>100.
(ii) select cname from orders where month(dop) = 3; → returns
cname for rows where month of dop is March.
(iii) select mod(qty, day(dop)) from orders where city =
'SATARA'; → returns remainder of qty / day(dop) for rows with
city='SATARA'.
(To get concrete results, run these queries on the actual orders
table.)
30. Operations on flights DataFrame — sample code + outputs:
# sample df as per question:
import pandas as pd
df = [Link]({
'Sr_no':[1,2,3,4],
'Year':[2022,2022,2022,2022],
'Months':['January','February','March','April'],
'Dom':[900,1000,980,1100],
'Intl':[380,550,290,410]
})
df['Total_pass'] = df['Dom'] + df['Intl']
max_dom = df['Dom'].max() # 1100
max_intl = df['Intl'].max() # 550
print(df)
 Total_pass values: [1280, 1550, 1270, 1510]
 Max Dom: 1100; Max Intl: 550.
31.
 Posting negative, demeaning comments on social profiles =
cyberbullying (or "defamation/online harassment").
 Chasing & tracking online activities = cyberstalking.
 IT Act introduced in 2000 (The Information Technology Act,
2000).
 (Alternate answer: Authentication ways — something you know
(password), something you have (token/smartcard), something
you are (biometrics).)
32. SQL commands (products table)
 Number of items with discount > 10%:
SELECT COUNT(*) FROM products WHERE discount > 10;
 Highest unit price:
SELECT MAX(unit_price) FROM products;
 Names with "Baby" anywhere:
SELECT item_name FROM products WHERE item_name LIKE '%Baby%';

Section D (Q33–Q34) — 4 marks each

33. SQL statements (common portable forms):
 4 characters from 3rd left char onwards of 'HelloWorld':
SELECT SUBSTRING('HelloWorld', 3, 4);
-- or: SELECT SUBSTR('HelloWorld', 3, 4);
 Position of 'pen' in 'oppenheimer':
SELECT POSITION('pen' IN 'oppenheimer'); -- returns 3
-- or: SELECT INSTR('oppenheimer','pen');
 Remainder of 100 divided by 9:
SELECT MOD(100, 9); -- returns 1
 Trim leading & trailing spaces from column e_id in table
emp:
-- To view:
SELECT TRIM(e_id) FROM emp;
-- To update:
UPDATE emp SET e_id = TRIM(e_id);
34.
 Statement1 (fill): import pandas as pd
 Statement2 (fill): df = [Link](data)
 To print number of passengers in "Jan": (sum of ps for
Month == 'Jan')
df[df['Month'] == 'Jan']['ps'].sum() # returns 25 + 35 = 60 (from
given data)
 Alternate (change index):
[Link] = ['Air India','Indigo','Spicejet','Jet','Emirates']

Section E (Q35–Q37) — 5 marks each

35. Plotting line chart & saving (example code):
import [Link] as plt

overs = [10,20,30,40,50]
runs = [0,25,50,75,100]

[Link](overs, runs)
[Link]('Overs')
[Link]('Runs')
[Link]('Runs scored by India')
[Link](True)
[Link]('india_runs.png') # saves graph to file
[Link]()
(This will save the plotted figure as india_runs.png.)
36. SQL queries:
 Exponent 2^5:
SELECT POWER(2,5);
 Current date & time:
SELECT NOW(); -- or CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
 Round -34.4567 to 2 decimals:
SELECT ROUND(-34.4567, 2);
 Convert to uppercase:
SELECT UPPER('hindustan ki kasam');
 Length of string:
SELECT LENGTH('jay jawan jay kisan');
37. Network recommendations (short answers):
1. Where to place server: In ADMIN building (largest user base:
110 machines) — centralizing server here reduces latency for
most users.
2. Suggested topology: Star (hierarchical) — use a
switched/star layout per building (each building LAN star to its
switch), and connect building switches in a collapsed-core/star
fashion with fiber backbone between buildings for reliability and
performance. This gives easy fault isolation and scalability.
3. Networking devices:
o Within each building: Managed Ethernet switches
(24/48-port) to interconnect PCs.
o Between buildings: Fiber optic links + routers /
layer-3 switches for inter-building backbone (because
distances are tens to hundreds of meters and demand
higher bandwidth). Use routers/firewalls for WAN link to
Mumbai HQ.
4. Website type: Dynamic website (allows offers, suggestions,
forms, user interaction, admin backend).
5. Face-to-face online communication between Admin Delhi
and Mumbai HQ: (c) Video conferencing.