SEDIMENTARY ROCKS

DETRITIC DEFINITION TEXTURE COMPOSITION IMAGE

DESCRIPTION
Conglomerate The conglomerate is a rock The conglomerate rocks Clastic texture rocks.
s and Gaps formed by grains of pebbles must be structured The conglomerate
rounded to more than 50% in size by contains clasts with large
gravel. The coarse clasts show clasts larger than 2mm and spherical symmetry or
influence on pre-existing rocks besides edges round. Size of their
of waves on a rapidly rounded coast. blocks go in more than 2 Conglomerate. Photo of GeotecniaFacil.
erosion. In smaller quantity mm.
The breccias are similar to those containing silt, clays or the clasts in the breccias.
conglomerates but formed by sands, in addition to they contain very edges
angular clasts. The size of the feldspars and quartz. angular.
This indicates the current strength. It is dark in color and
that transported it. grays

Gap. Photo by E. J Tarbuck.

Sandstone They are rocks formed by clasts of the They are found The texture is detrital.
size of sand. The shape of the constituted by With a size between 1/16 and
sandy grains indicate the shape of resistant ripened 2mm. Its color varies between
what was transported and the time meteorizations such as café, amarillo, rojo,
that it took a long time. quartz, garnets white, gray and the toasted,
It is called arcosa when there is feldspar and according to the material
abundance of feldspar. microfragments of that contains.
It is the result of lithification of any other rock.
sediments produced by Photo from Geologí[Link]
weathering of rocks
pre-existing.
Limolite Detrital rock originated by the It is formed Its texture is clastic,
cementation and compaction of mainly due to oxide whose clast is of size
slime particles (M. Mariluz. H. of iron, calcite, fino. Para esta roca el
Vasquez). feldspars and others size of the diameter
compounds. oscillates between 1/16 and 1/256
mm. Depending on the
mineral of greatest
its presence, its color Photo taken from [Link]
will vary between yellow,
black, reddish, brown or
green.
Lutita Detrital rock formed by It is made up of The texture of the shale is
very fine clay sediments, minerals like the very fine given the size
which requires a low environment kaolinite, quartz from its clasts, which is
active for better compaction feldspar, hematite, less than 1/256mm. It
of its components. epidote and limonite. they find in various
colors like gray, green,
coffee and yellow.

Photo taken from Department of Sciences - IES

Humans.
Chemicals DEFINITION COMPOSITION TEXTURE IMAGE
DESCRIPTION
Limestone These are limestone rocks According to the The crystalline limestone has
crystal clear sedimentary rocks that originate composition, this group non-clastic texture,
Coquina through chemical processes, rocks have in common fine-grained crystalline to
Limestone constituted in a large percentage by a high percentage of thick (E. J Tarbuck.) and
fossiliferous calcite CaCO3, that thanks to the calcite in its diamond angles. It
Crete accumulation of shells, corals, and composition, superior to original by the Photo taken from [Link]
Travertine even organic waste, which 50%, in addition to submission to heat,
through reactions we magnesium carbonate and pressure and processes
they compacted. aragonite, together with others chemicals in calcite.
minerals in less The coquina has a texture
quantities. clastic, where it
they observe fragments
weakly united from
calcareous shell or debris
of coral, this due to the Photo taken from [Link]
agglutination in grains
of limestone.
The fossiliferous limestone has
clastic texture, with
presence of fossils very
distinguishable as
brachiopods, among others
on its surface
cemented with cement
of calcite (Tarbuck).

Photograph made by iStockphoto/hsvrs.

 Clay is a rock of
clastic texture, soft and
porous, made up of the
hard parts of
marine microorganisms
(Tarbuck). It is used for
the chalk thanks to its texture
very fine and colors Taken from [Link]
whites or grays.
The travertine presents
non-clastic texture. If
shaped by the acidic water
that dilutes the rocks
calcareous (Geologiaweb).
The colors vary from
according to your
composition, since
white, brown, greenish Geology web
among others.
Siliceous rocks There are compact and hard rocks. The flint is found The flint presents a
Flint formadas por microcristales de composed non-clastic texture and
silica (SiO2). The flint is a mainly of Silica, very fine grain
chemical sedimentary rock color and this is associated with (Tarbuck), of color
dark that is part of this quartz particles. dark otherwise
group. associated minerals, without
there are rocks
silicas with colors like [Link]
white or gray, until
reddish.
Yeso It is a chemical sedimentary rock It is composed of the It has a texture not
originating from condensation and mineral gypsum, in addition to classic, with crystalline
solidification of water vapors calcium sulfate fine to coarse (Tarbuck).
salty in association with sulfates anhydrite, calcite and It can be colorless,
and sales. It is very characteristic of him. clay minerals. white, gray or variations
its low hardness (2 on the Mohs scale). yellow due to
impurities. Stock photo [Link]
 Salgema It is a sedimentary rock formed Free of contaminants,
The texture of this rock is
through crystals of the mineral halite and is composed of the not classical, clearly
sodium chloride mainly. Its mineral Halite and chloride fine-crystal coarse.
hardness is low (2.5 on the Mohs scale). This of sodium. Pure is colorless,
arises as a result of the crystal clear and shiny
evaporation of salty waters vitreous, however, the
leaving a precipitate of salts impurities can give you
like NaCl. another tone, like
yellow or orange. Photo taken by E. J. Tarbuck
Hulla It is organic rock Given the origin of matter It has a texture not
fuel that comes from the organic, contains in its classical
decomposition of plant material makes up to 90% of considerably hard and
and compaction of lignite during carbon brittle. Its color
millions of years. characteristic is black and
matte finish.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Barceló, G. (2021). Hulla. Retrieved on April 28, 2021 athtps://[Link]/Coleccion-cientFico-technical/Mineralogy/Gallery

Del Ramo, A., & Guillén, F. (2021). Digital Region of Murcia. Consulted on April 28, 2021 atht[Link]

Gatrerol, M. and Vásquez, H. (2021). Image Bank - Science - Sedimentary Rocks. Consulted on April 28, 2021 athtps://[Link]/Bank-
Images/Science

King, H. (2021). Piedra caliza: usos de la roca, formación, composición, imágenes. Consultado el 28 de abril de 2021 en:
htps://[Link]/rocks/[Link]

Tarbuck, E., Lutgens, F., Tasa, D., Antón López, L., Cabero del Río, A., & García del Amo, D. (2015). Ciencias de laterra (8ª ed.). Madrid: Pearson Educación.