CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
This insurance company is a company that offers insurances policy either by selling directly to an
individual or through another source such as an employee’s benefit plan. An insurance company is
usually comprised of multiple insurance agents. An insurance company can specialize in one type of
insurance, such as life insurance, health insurance, auto insurance or offer multiple types of
insurance. Encompass into the insurance policies is the insurance service which the insurance
company decided to specialize in offering the public. Insurance is the equitable transfer of the risk of
a loss, from one entity to another in exchange for payment. It is a form of risk management primarily
used to hedge against the risk of a contingent, uncertain loss. An insurer, or insurance carrier, is a
company selling the insurance, the insured, or policy holder, is the person or entity buying the
insurance policy. The amount to be charged for a certain amount of insurance coverage is called the
PREMIUM. Risk management, the practice of appraising and controlling risk, has evolved as a
discrete yield of study and practice.
The transaction involves the insured assuming a guaranteed and known relatively promise to
compensate (indemnify) the insured in case of a financial (personal) loss. The insured reviews a
contract called the insurance policy, which detects the conditions and circumstances under which the
insured will be financially compensated.
Insurance involves posting funds from many entities (known as exposures) to pay for the losses that
some may incur. The insured entities are therefore protected from risk for a fee; with the fee being
dependent upon the frequency and severity of event occurring. In order to be insurable, the risk
insured against must meet certain characteristics in order to be in insurable risk. Insurance is a
commercial enterprise and a major part of the financial services industry, but individual entities can
also self – insure through saving money for possible future losses.
In some sense, we say that insurance appears simultaneously with the appearance of human society.
We know of two types of economics in human societies. Natural or non – momentary economics
(using barter and trade with no centralized or standardized set of financial instruments) and more
modern monetary economics (with markets, currency, financial instruments and so on). The former is
more primitive and the insurance in such economics entails agreements of mutual aid. If one family is
house is destroyed the neighbours are committed to help rebuild. Often informal or formally intrinsic
to local religious customs, this type of insurance has survived to the present day in some countries
where a modern money economy with its financial instruments is not widespread.
The purpose of insurance is to provide end with greater financial security. We run risk everyday
either by accident or loss of valuable property. One of the biggest risk people take is driving a car.
There are newspaper, radio and television reports about automobile accidents. There is energy need to
handle such risk. Automobile insurance handles it all. Automobile insurance creates for one to share

1
ones losses with here that have the same risk. In this economic risk and shared most effectively when
many people are involved. Automobile insurance possible loss among large number of people and
sharing the lost among many people reduces financial loss.
Automobile insurance companies are big business both terms of sales and employment as it
contributes to our economic system by offering many services as well as jobs. It protects all kinds of
perils and is available for all kinds of life, properly and health protection, decision making and right
insurance plan and policy are important tasks to the automobile making. As in banking, automobile
insurance companies have statistical accounting, requirements and need for vast amount of data
storage and information transmission.
Over the years, manual methods have been employed in their business operations and activities. A lot
of problems is associated with manual methods of data processing and storage, it has had to insurance
untimely and unreliable information and report generation. The project researched into how the
varying business operations and increasing range of activities of automobile insurance companies are
well suited to computer applications. Computers can be widely employed in the wide range of their
business activities including billing, collection, underwriting and claims transcribing, premium
payments, assembling records and policy value to yield accurate and reliable information.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

Computerization of automobile insurance schemes and policies has not been an easy task and
therefore a problem. There is need to get rid of it and find a solution to it. The major concern of this
study is to eradicate and take care of the problems encountered by automobile insurance companies.
Handle their wide range and complicated activities of underwriting and accounts processing, modify
the existing method of carrying out automobile insurance plans and polices. The impacts of software
designed to solve the problems completely.

1.3 Aim and Objectives of the Study

The main aim of this study is to design and implement a web application for insurance policy and
scheme for an automobile company.
The objectives are:
i. Design using web based technology a system which manages the policy, scheme creation and
management in the company.
ii. The system should be secured and can only be accessed by authorized users.
iii. System should have an easy to use interface
iv. System should be able to display list of policies, schemes and customers who are assigned to a
particular scheme or policy.

2
This study will help automobile insurance companies to address the dilemma of suffering from
manual stress and take the advantages of software designed. The study will allow both organization
and individual in achieving greater productivity. That is more work and able to be done in a less time
while enjoying activities of higher quality and improved productivity.
The software designed in this study will help company in record keeping premium payments
calculation, calculating policy values and in underwriting to code rated and issuance of policies.
Employment of this study and software designed will create an avenue for rapid access to a variety of
information creation and use of it. Information that is more current, more accurate and more
accessible will in turn enhance in making better decision.
1.5 Methodology
Agile Software Development Methodology is chosen for the implementation of this work. Agile is
the ability to create and respond to change. It is a way of dealing with, and ultimately succeeding in,
an uncertain and turbulent environment. This method is chosen due to the sole reason that it responds
to changes favorably. There is no need to restart a phase when a change needs to be implemented.
1.6 Significance of the Study
The main aim of using new technology of computer is to reduce unit labors requirements of each
business operation and come up with a quality management and successful automation of increasing
number of work functions in data processing.
This study will automatically change the information gathering and decision making behaviors of
automobile insurance companies. It will assist them in the use of computer in the conversion and
processing of data into meaningful information.
This study will help the automobile insurance companies in handling vast quantities of data,
performing complex selection organization, manipulation and delivery output in an extremely rapid
fashion to enhance faster decision making.
1.7 Scope and Limitation of the Study
The web-based software keeps record of payments calculation, policies, schemes and registered
customers. It has an admin interface. The admin can create a policy, scheme and customers.
Customers are assigned to a particular policy and scheme and updated at will. With this software,
there is a rapid access to a variety of information. Information is current, more accurate and more
accessible and in turn enhances decision making
Due to the fact that not all insurance companies are computerized this study is delimited to universal
insurance company, limited Enugu.

3
 CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Review on Insurance Management System

An insurance agency management system or AMS is a SaaS (Software as a Service) tool that can
optimize the existing agency business processes and run help the operations effectively. It tracks
details of the insurance policy, improves agent productivity, and provides instant access to client data.
Not just this, but it also helps in managing claims for customers and handling commissions for the
agents. It automates multiple processes, making the agency operations fast and efficient.
According to Richard (2009) at the Simpson magazine New York, the web-based application can be
also described as an aspect of electronic commerce. Electronic commerce (EC) comprises new ways
of doing business with customer, suppliers and other business partners that is, rendering the required
service through web-based application. EC is enabled by information and communication technology,
in particular, the World Wide Web (in short, the web). While of numerous organizations have started
to use the web as an interface to clients and business partners, many have been disappointed by
lower-than-expected response rates and higher-than-expected costs. One reason for non-profitable
web-based EC applications is that they do not reflect the strategies precondition of EC, this lack
maybe due to deficits in the process of developing an EC-strategy for their web application.
Furthermore, there is a void of instruments and tools to support this process. In other to fill this void,
this paper proposes two basic frameworks. For planning a web based EC application, the application
of these frameworks is illustrated by the example of a medium sized insurance company. Based on
experiences drawn from the case study, the framework will be evaluated. This institute of information
systems and an insurance company called Landwirtscafthicher Versicherungsverein Minister (LVM).
The LVM is a medium- sized company, well established in the German insurance market. It employs
about 2000 employees, and has about 2.8 million customers. The annual revenue is DEM3.4 billion.
The project started in the end of 1997. At this time, LVM had already a web presence. The design
and concept, however, had mainly been done by an external advertising company that was also in
charge of the maintenance of the application.
The first web activities were mainly motivated by the interest for the new medium “World Wide
Web” and the concern not to be left behind by technology leaders. This first initiative reflected more
“me-too” approach than a convincing strategy rationale. As a consequence, success fell far from
expectations. Besides the problem, the L.V.M did not pursue a convincing web-strategy, there were
problems in making full use of the web. The service provider for the LVM was experienced with the
web, and was not fully aware of the profound differences between traditional media and the web

4
(kassaye 1997). The most striking difference is that the web is an interactive medium in contrast to
print media, broadcasting; television that enables; only one-way distribution of information. Other
difference concerns the integration of the web strategy into the overall marketing and communication
strategy. White, for example, a co-operate design is a necessity from a marketing communications
point of view, it has been discussed controversially, whether the web presence, which often pursues a
slightly different strategy than the traditional media, should follow the same principles and
regulations. As a response to these problems, the LVM decided to develop a new, more convincing
web strategy. Furthermore, LVM put the provision of the web services into the hands of another
provider. According to the latest research web application existence for insurance service but this
application do not provide for this policy holders clear analysis of what this insurance service is all
about.
This has prompt many policy holders to visit the insurance companies involved, thereby leaving their
place of work and other activities to clarify on the policy services. An efficient WEB application for
this service would solve this stress of visiting offices of insurance companies for any kind of
clarification on an insurance service as a result of this efficient service would be rendered to
the public.
According to Landre (2000) in the service of insurance, he stated that insurance companies may
be classified into two groups:
(i) Life insurance companies, which sell life insurance annuities and pensions.
(ii) Non-life, general, or properly (casualty insurance companies) which sell other types of
insurance.
General insurance companies can be further divided into these sub-categories;

(a) Standard lines

( b ) Excess lines.
According to Martins.C. (2009), in a research book title insurance and the economy, he stated that “as
competition intensifies, insurance companies face the growing challenge of attracting and retaining
new generation of customers and employees”. To compete effectively, they must continually work to
improve customer experience by delivering new products and services with speed, and by recruiting
and training agents, brokers and customers service representatives (CSRs) who understand these
products so they can more easily sell and service them. They must also help customers make clear
decisions about their insurance choices by presenting these options in a simple, easy-to-understand
format.

2.2 Insurance Software Solutions, Policy Management

Apart from the challenges of deregulation, consolidation and convergence of financial services
worldwide, Radix has oozed out an innovative system of insurance software solutions provider to the

5
clients of multi angels, providing insurance business management at a feasible cost features according
to the relevant functionalities. The online insurance management system software solution is fully
automated and integrated policy processing system for both personal and commercial insurance
carriers. It is a scalable, reliable, and cost-effective solution for carrying out all business-crucial
insurance processing functions. They are leading insurance software solutions provider for all
segments of the insurance management system software solutions helps to solve long-standing time-
to- market challenges. Our web based insurance management system expertise and solution can
dramatically lessen the cost of policy ownership services.

2.3 Web Application And Insurance Services

According to Lamba .N. (2009) in information and Web explains that the A web application is an
application that is accessed by users over a network such as the internet or an intranet. The term may
also mean a computer software application that is coded in browser-supported programming language
(such as java script, combined with a browser-rendered marking language like HTML) and reliant on
a common web browser to render the application executable. Web applications are popular due to
ubiquity of web browser, and the convenience of using web browser as a client, sometimes called
THIN CLIENT. The ability to update and maintain web applications without distributing and
installing software on potentially thousands of client computers is a key reason for their popularity,
as in the inherent support for cross-platform compatibility. Common web applications include web
mainly online retail sales, online auctions, Wikis and many other functions.
An emerging strategy for application software companies is to provide web access to software
previously distributed as local applications. Depending on the type of application, it may require the
development of an entirely different browser-based interface, or merely adapting an existing
application to use different presentation technology. These programs allow the user to pay monthly
or yearly fee for use of a software application without having to install it on a local hard drive. A
company which follows this strategy is known as an application service provider (ASP), and ASPs
are currently receiving attention in the industry.
Security breaches on these kinds of applications are a major concern because it can involve both
enterprise information and print customer data. Protecting these assets is an important part of any web
application and there are some key operational areas that must be included in the development
process. This includes the processes for authentication, authorization, asset handling, input, and
logging and auditing. Building security into the applications from the beginning can be more effective
and less disruptive in the long run.

2.3.1 Brief History On Web Application

In earlier computing models, e.g. in client-server, the load for the application was shared between
code on the server and code installed on each client locally. In other words, an application had its
own client program which served as its user interface and had to be separately installed on each

6
user’s personal computer, an Upgrade to the client-side code installed on each user work station,
adding to the support cost and decreasing productivity. In contrast, the advanced of
telecommunication and computerization has recently enabled large companies to use information
system to transit technical and economic information among numerous computer system at
differently geographical location. More technically advanced technology are expected soon in the
automation of telecommunication and the linkage of computers by data transmission that will
enhance the possibilities of system integration such as programmable automation of computer
integrated manufacturing, unfortunately according to AUTHORD (2000) in 1985 only 5.7% of the
total number of computers in the world was located in the developing countries.
To do so require the provision of up to date information that is accurate and timely information are
very important in every organization if not properly adhere to when data are being gathered a typical
system (Insurance Management) cannot survive without good management information system
(MIS)2.4 Management Information System
Management Information Systems are typically computer based that are used within an organization
the concept of management. Information is a complex variable. The automated exam scheduling time
is a concept which involves management information system several scientists gave their view about
(MIS) and they include MURDICK (1971) simplified MIS by saying “there is probably no much
challenging and diversifying subject than management theory, system theory, and computer science.
Stock exchange management system web semantics learning, insurance services system is a typical
information processing system or organizational information system on customer’s services. World
net describe an information system as a system consisting of network of all communication channel
used within an organization and include software and hardware. It may also be defined as “a system
that collects and processes data and provides it to all managers at different level that is used for
decision making, planning, program implementation and control.
The aim of web application for insurance services is improving the quality and accuracy of
information to provide to all involve as well as assisting the management and policy holders in
compiling and reporting information. The information system has common data set on insurance
services and different platform interaction for each service provided.
Insurance agencies look after your needs, ensuring that your home, car, and life have sufficient
defense against risk. While insurance agents are busy protecting the needs of their policyholders,
insurance managers protect the needs of the agents themselves. As an insurance manager, you’ll be
responsible for overseeing a variety of insurance agency employees. You will ensure that all
contributions from insurance brokers, appraisers, claims investigators, and other employees help
contribute to the long-term success of the agency. In particular, you will ensure that all insurance
agents are acting in the best interest of both the insurance agency and their respective clients. If
you’re someone who thrives in a management role and you want to put strong communication and
project management skills to work, the role of an insurance manager may be an ideal career option for
you. Insurance managers help to supervise daily operations at an insurance organization. From team
management to conflict resolution, your responsibilities will ensure that employees are motivated and

7
tasks are completed on time and without error. Though insurance management is not a specialized
field, it typically requires an undergraduate degree and relevant experience in the insurance industry.
An insurance manager is expected to complete a wide variety of tasks. Though you will fulfill several
responsibilities of a leader in your workplace, your management role will be different from a
leadership position. As an insurance manager, you will focus much of your attention on setting goals,
delegating tasks, and implementing strategies for more efficient team operations.
The individual responsibilities of an insurance manager can include:
Managing overall operations in an insurance setting.
Creating and implementing policies that allow your insurance company to function as a cohesive unit.
Reviewing company performance to identify areas where individual employees and entire
departments can improve their efficiency.
Connecting specifically with insurance agents to ensure that employees communicating personally
with policyholders represent the company in the best light.
Identifying and minimizing threats as part of ongoing risk management responsibilities.
Managing collected data and creating user-friendly reports that can help executives identify company
progress, regression, and any fluctuations in output.
Continually reviewing insurance policies to confirm that policyholder needs are best addressed.
Managing any claims investigations.
Controlling company finances to maintain correct budget allocation to all departments.
These and other duties help insurance managers find success on a day-to-day basis. skills in
technological proficiency, team management, corporate data analysis, department-specific budgeting,
and self-assessment.
2.4.1 Basic Legal Requirement Of Insurance Companies
When a company insures an individual entity, there are basic legal requirements. Several commonly
cited legal principles of insurance include.
Indemnity: the insurance company indemnifies, or compensates, the insured in the case losses only up
the insured’s interest.
Insurable Interest: the insured typically must directly suffer from the loss. Insurable interest must
exist whether properly insurance or insurance on a person involved.
Utmost Good Faith: the insured and the insurer are bound by good faith, bond of honesty and
fairness. Material facts must be defined.
Contribution: insurers which have similar obligations to the insured contribute in the indemnification,
according to some method.

8
Subrogation: the insurance company acquires legal rights to pursue recoveries on behalf of the
insured; for example, the insurer may sue those liable for the insured’s loss.
Causa proxima or (proximate cause): the cause of loss (the peril) must be covered under the insuring
agreement of the policy, and the dominant cause must not be excluded.
Mitigation: in case of any loss or casualty, the asset owner must attempt to keep loss to minimum, as
if the asset was not insured.
2.4.2 Effects Of Insurance Service In The Society
Insurance service can have effects on the society through the way that it changes who bears the cost
of the losses and damage. On one hand it can increase fund, on the other, it can help societies and
individuals prepare for catastrophes and mitigate the effects of catastrophes on both households and
societies. Insurance can influence the probability of losses through moral hazard, insurance fraud, and
preventive steps by the insurance company. Insurance scholars have typically used morale hazard to
refer to the increase loss due to unintentional, carelessness and moral hazard to refer to increased risk
due to intentional carelessness of difference. Insurers attempt to address carelessness through
inspections, policy provisions requiring certain types of maintenance, and possible discounts for loss
mitigation. While in theory insurers could encourage investment in loss reduction, some
commentators have argued that in practice insurers had historically not aggressively pursued loss
control measures-particularly to prevent disaster losses such as hurricanes-because of concerns over
rate reductions and legal battles. However, since about 1996, insurers began o take a more active role
in the loss mitigation, such as through building codes
2.5 The Concept of E- Insurance
Venkatrarnan (Vol.40) explains electronic integration as a form of vertical quasiintegration achieved
through the deployment of dedicated computers and communication systems between relevant actors.
Chaudhury et al (2002) emphasizes that electronic insurance is not a long established practice among
insurance companies which use information and communication technology to drive their day to day
activities. In spite of the yet proven success, E insurance has not been widely used due to costs and
overhead difficulties involved. The surge of interest in electronic commerce (which enhances E-
insurance) in the last few years has been triggered by pervasiveness of inexpensive computers and the
wide spread of the internet. E-commerce and the Internet are increasingly becoming one of the most
important drivers of strategic change for business. It is easier to understand how to strengthen E-
insurance markets by first understanding their development cycle. To perform well and grow, E-
insurance markets require investment in infrastructure, which includes technical resources and
capacity, as well as the existence of suitable economic, legal, and political environments. Although
insurance has become a widely used financial service since first introduced in ancient Greece, its
benefits have yet to reach much of the developing world. USAID contracted Chemonics International
and the International Insurance Foundation to examine how, and to what extent, insurance sector
technical assistance in developing countries could help build reliable and effective financial sectors
and support growth.

9
Electronic Insurance Commerce explains that insurance companies have regarded the internet mainly
as another channel of distribution for their products. Compared to online stock brokerage and online
banking, development of the internet in the insurance industry has been somewhat cautious
2.6 The Internet and Insurance
Originally created in 1983, the Internet was primarily intended for organizations in defense-related
research, namely ARPANET (Advanced Research Project Agency Network), to provide a secure and
reliable communications network. Today the internet is a global network, which connects smaller
hetworks by the use of a common addressing system, and communications protocol called TCP/IP
(Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol). The World Wide Web enables quick and user
friendly access to various information sites and saw an exponential growth rate during the 1990s,
becoming the most significant aspect of the Internet. The websites are connected to one another by
means of hyperlinks, which are written in a language called HTML (Hypertext Markup Language).
The user may gain direct access to that specific website by means of typing in the allocated URL
(Anshu, 2003).
2.6.1 Internet Usage
Currently, some 220 million people around the world are online and Internet usage is projected to
grow to 350 million users by 2005. According to Dataquest a US based Research Company,
worldwide retail sales over the Internet were US$ 31 billion in 1999 and will be US$ 380 billion by
the end of this year (2003). Further research predicts that electronic sales of financial products shall
increase five-fold by the end of the year to become the single largest service sold online.
2.6.2 Current Issues within the Insurance Industry
A number of issues within the insurance industry need addressing. Where relevant the impact of the
Internet on these issues shall also be analyzed (Anshu, 2003)
(i) New market players: Many new firms have ventured into the insurance industry for example
banks, building societies, non-domestic insurance companies and privately owned companies. These
new entrants largely form allegiances with the traditional market players. However, the major barrier
to entry is distribution. The Internet overcomes this and by having low barriers to entry encourages
new players into the insurance market. Moreover, it emphasizes the significance of being competent
in branding and direct marketing.
(ii) Globalization: Historically the insurance industry has been domestically based with little or no
international focus. Barriers to entry such as tax, legislation, government, distribution channels and
culture have meant that even a pan-European industry has failed to flourish in the past. However, as
economies of scale and comparative advantage lead to global cost efficiencies and also partly due to
the trend towards a standard currency, companies have had more of a chance to be established thus
facilitating globalization. The Internet directly facilitates this globalization and allows a global
distribution potential to exist, although the other barriers still must be overcome.

10
(iii) Regulation and deregulation: In the past, the domestic insurance market has had little regulatory
control, with the emphasis being on freedom and openness. However, to offer greater consumer
protection and to follow in line with other countries, the insurance market has undergone more
defense legislation and regulation to provide specific professional guidance. In addition, it allows
regulatory change into place, emphasizing customer focus and reducing the boundaries between
banking and insurance.
(iv) The ageing population: As the longevity of life increases and the birth rate falls, the burden upon
government social security schemes takes its toll i.e. the dependency ratio increases and there arises
the opportunity for private firms to enter the market, encouraged by the government.
(v) Social changes: Changes in patterns of employment, such as “flexi-tirne” working, means a new
type of customer with different requirements. The Internet largely facilitates this by changing
working and living habits and allowing more working from home. Consequently, this has several
implications for the type of insurance people want to buy, for example, employees may not thus need
longer term types of insurance; the risk and rating factors may be reduced etc.
(vi) Changes in the type of transactions: It has been predicted that in the future business-to~business
transactions will exceed business to customer transactions as B2B (business to business) transaction
size and frequency is larger. Moreover, business infrastructure will make way for enhanced consumer
options and increased consumer spending in the future. Due to the extensive supply chain (many
businesses supplying the customer being interlinked and interdependent) many systems, databases
and networks are incompatible and hence the insurance industry has problems with sharing data. For
example, many insurance brokers are not linked to insurance companies themselves and hence are
unable to upload or download information. Another example is the lack of a systematic link between
an insurer and a reinsurer. Current changes to resolve this dilemma include building links between
supply chains, for example, a system that enables an insurer to obtain underwriting data from
information suppliers.
2.6.3 Application of E-commerce to Insurance
E-commerce (or electronic commerce) is any business transaction whose price or essential terms were
negotiated over an online system such as an Internet, Extranet, Electronic Data Interchange network,
or electronic mail system(Martin et al 2004).Certain industries have embraced the emerging
technologies that make electronic commerce possible. Some firms have gone as far as completely
restoring their business processes. The insurance industry has made real progress in implementing
some of the technologies of e-commerce, but the industry has been slow to adopt others. This is
because insurers must carefully select which applications to implement, weighing the costs and
benefits. Some applications of e-comrnerce used in other industries do not easily fit the business of
insurance. Many others, however, present insurers with interesting possibilities (Anshu, 2003).
2.6.4 Opportunities for E-Insurance
1. Customer lifetime value: Predicting the Present Value of Future Profits (PVFP) on the basis of
future cash flows from culTent and future business, on the basis of an assumed current (and possibly
future) rate of mortality, interest, expenses and withdrawal rates, is a key skill of c-insurance that can

11
be exploited on-line. Within the life insurance sector, the long-term nature of the business deems
embedded valuation techniques to be possible and indeed this serves to enable calculation of the
potential lifetime customer value of existing or new customers (Anshu, 2003)
2. Valuation of E-business: Anshu, (2003) stresses that the above point could be extended to calculate
the goodwill paid on acquisition of subsidiary on-line businesses. This could be used to evaluate
future business strategies as well as websites on which to advertise.
3. Market opportunities: E- Insurance can bring in various markets because of the extensive discovery
done by a client each time they visit the website.

CHAPTER THREE
SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
3.1 Research Methodology
The success of web application is not primarily determined by technical or layout qualities. Because
of high visibility and compatibility of web application, technical and layout qualities can be adopted
very soon by competitors. Thus a sustainable competitive advantage can hardly be achieved through
those qualities. In contrast, a decisive success factor of a web presence is seen in the link between
business and marketing strategy on the one hand and web strategy on the other hand. A web
embedded in and aligned with an overall marketing strategy can hardly be imitated on the short
[Link] use of structural system analysis and design methodology is adopted on means for carrying
the research methodology. In using the SSADM a very important factor considered is the method of
data collection.
3.3 Method of Data Collection
Having achieved the software requirements, the next step was to source for information relative to the
subject. This process of information gathering was achieved through so many sources including:
3.3.1 Feasibility Study
The process of carrying out survey to ascertain the possibility for the implementation of the
technology as a result through investigation needs to be done in order to obtain an accurate result
during the feasibility study factors such as;
(i) Service level of the technology
(ii) Total number of usage of technology

12
(iii) The average increase of users of the technology
(iv) Future modification of the technology
(v) Service Level of the Technology

This software provides the types of insurance services which includes:

(i) Life insurance

(ii) Medical insurance

(iii) Motor insurance

(iv) Home insurance

(v) Travel insurance

Total Number of Usage of the Technology:

The total number of usage of the web applications depends on the number of customer which each
company has; example.
INSURANCE YEAR TOTAL NUMBER POLICY HOLDERS

IGI COMPANY NIGERIA 2011 – 2013 1,567,483

MENDSON USA 2011 – 2013 56,767,324

REVOLD USA 2011 – 2013 7,345,765

Table 3.1: Example of Total Number of Usage of the Technology

AVERAGE INCREASE OF USERS ANNUALY:

For insurance company, there is always an increase in their customers due to the benefit attached. The
average increase of policy holders in every insurance company is estimated to be 90,000 though as
there is increase, certain policy holder might redraw from the company has been part of them.

3.3.2 Future Modification of the Technology

13
As time runs out, different technology continue to evolve and human taste changes so the web base
application would modify certain of its features to meet up with human taste, if necessary the whole
and entire system would be changed. Other necessary method of data collection includes;
1. File downloads from internet
2. Newspaper, journals and articles

3. Other publications concerning companies

4. Personal observation.

3.4 Analysis of the System Design

The insurance industry is just going through a process of fundamental change. A first trend in the
market saturation while the fifties market growth was nearly 15% of a year it was only just 3% in.
With diminishing demand pull, the traditional markets have become more and more customer
dominated. In the past, strong relationships bound customers to their insurance companies. But
customers have become more sensitive to price for better products any longer.
A second trend is force competition. This trend is partly stimulated from market saturation and
customer power. The insurance natural reaction to sinking profits in a shrinking market is increased
competition within the industry. Other important factors stimulating competition is that supplier from
other lines of business enter the insurance market. First, there are banks and companies offering
financial services.
The necessary reactions to the trends stated above that can be seen as success factors in the actual
situation of the insurance industry are:
(a) A shift from product orientation to customer orientation
(b) Market segmentation (e.g. house vs. Industry)
(c) Development of new individualized product
(d) More emphasizes on financial services and financial market functions
(e) Drawing to foreign market
(f) Cost reduction
The web can help address these success factors. Information can be tailored to customers’ needs; if
necessary, even a segment of - one - marketing is possible. The web is the new distribution channel
by supporting all phases of Electronic Commerce (EC) from contacting to contracting. Web
applications can offer powerful software that helps to tailor products or products bundle. Next, the
web is global medium that enables insurers to enter new markets all over the world in a simple
efficient way. And finally, as every information system, web system can reduce costs too, for
example, by facilitating administration process.

14
3.4.1 Typical Example of a Scenario Where Using the Web Application Can Be Benefit to
Insurance Service
Challenge: Your customer just had a minor automobile accident in which his car collide with a small
truck on the freeway, damaging both vehicles. You need to help him quickly, start the claims process
and get his car repaired.
Solution: Using a web – based application that enables you consolidate the customer’s insurance
information from multiple systems in one place, you can view his policy and claims history,
examine coverage information and photos form the incident and quickly provide information about
coverage as well as impact of the accident on future premiums. You can also identify auto body
repair shops and car rentals companies close to your customer’s location and give him directions to
these facilities using maps embedded in this web based application. And you can do all these
quickly no matter where you are, when he contacts you for help. In your office from desktop
computer, in your home from a laptop, or on the road from your cell phone or other mobile device.
Benefits: Using web applications, insurance companies can develop rich internet applications that
transform the customer experience. Because these applications can be accessed any time and
anywhere from any device, agents can provide immediate, top level assistance to their customers
no matter where they happen to be when they receive the cell.

14000

12000

10000

8000

6000

Live Insurance Motor Insurance Home Insurance Medical Insurance Travel Insurance

Series 1 Series 3

Figure 3.1: Chart of the Types of Insurance

15
3.5 System Design
System design is the process of defining the architecture, components, modules, interface, and data
for a system to satisfy specified requirement. This could also be seeing as the application of systems
theory, to product development. Before the development of a software, it is very necessary to
consider certain factors such as:
(i) Purpose of the software
(ii) Cost of maintenances
(iii) Customer needs
(iv) Easy adaptability to conditions and modification of the existing feature

3.5.1 The system flow chart

16
Figure 3.2: Flowchart Diagram of the System.

3.5.2 General flow chart for insurance service process

In the flow chart diagram above a pictorial representation of the step by step approach of registration
process is represented as such individuals who are using this insurance service application who have
follow procedure to be enable to achieve the registration process which is a very important process
for the service because it allows them get record of their policy broker and store it in their database
for reference purposes.

3.5.3 Procedure Diagram of Users

17
This help describe the various stages involve and the several features found this give a basic
description of the sequence of movement of the software operation and help unfolds the relationship
that exist between features in a specific form. This begins with the first form (start form).During this
process there exist relationship between each forms and this relationship can be achieved by an event
driving known as click. There exists a one to much relationship.

Figure 3.3: Procedure chart for Users

18
 CHAPTER FOUR
SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION AND TESTING
4.1 Implementation
The system was implemented as a web based E-Insurance system allowing users to learn about insurance
as well as trade in insurance. The E-insurance system was designed according to the requirements
determined by examining the user needs based on literature, meetings with the insurance providers, and
study of similar information systems. The E-Insurance solution now runs on an easy to use web interface
which is provides by HTML and PHP with MySQL Database. JavaScript was used for interactivity and
animation among other technologies.
4.1.1 Tools used in Implementation
The database: It was designed using a programming language called MySQL. MySQL is a relational
database management system (RDBMS) that runs as a server providing multi-user access to a number of
databases. MySQL is a popular choice of database for use in web applications, and is a central component
of the widely used in XAMP.
The server: The server used was XAMP (Windows, Apache, MySQL, PHP). Apache is a web server,
MySQL is an open source database, PHP is a scripting language that can manipulate information held in
the database and generates web pages dynamically each time content is requested by a browser.
The Front End: At the front end an individual can view information about web insurance. Registered Users
can login to view their profiles. You can navigate through the site through the site. The front end introduces
the problems that are aimed at being solved by the integrated insurance database. It also provides links to
other subsequent pages for viewing data, uploading data, query-ing the database, running reports and
systems administration.
From the procedure diagram in chapter three, figure 3.3, the start page is the parent node that tend to
interconnect other information together. Information found in the start page include
(i) Registration button
(ii) Life insurance button
(iii) Medical insurance button
(iv) Property insurance button
(v) Car insurance button
(vi) General claims button

19
All these buttons are referred to as object that create a unique interaction using a specific event which can
be click or double click depending on the operation users want to carry out.
The registration button tends to communicate to users the form for registration the life insurance button
link users to form for life insurance, medical insurance button link users to the form for medical insurance
as implemented by this project the event that drives the object is the click, users need to click on the button
to achieve the view of any operation name denoted by the text of the button.
When users click on this button without having registered initially a security form is display prompting the
users to verify its registration status, if users is able to verify that the users is simply connected to the form
he wants to perform the operation with, else the users is prompted to register first before he can use this
service.
4.2 System Testing
The object for linking to this form is the button named registration button. This form is a prerequisite form
for all brokers to achieve their operation. Because it is this form that helps the insurance service keep track
of their insurance brokers operation.

Figure 4.1: The Login System

20
Figure 4.2: The Dashboard System

Figure 4.3: The Insurance Database

21
Figure 4.4: To Add New Automobile

22
Figure 4.5: The Category List

CAR INSURANCE FORM

This form helps to insure the car owner of his car and for this to be done the car owner has to make some
specification of the car and this include
(i) License number
(ii) License type
(iii) License date

4.2.1 Requirement
Software is the set of programs written to achieve a specific task and the software requirement for this
operation include:
(a) Windows operating system Visual studio 2008 platform Microsoft access
(b) Hard requirement
(c) Computer system
(d) Hard disk size 40 GB and above Processor speed of 1.6 GHz Ram size of 512 mb and above Network
connection Car type

23
4.3 Discussion
To a reasonable extent, the researchers managed to achieve the objectives of the project. The researchers developed an
internet-based insurance system. The system developed provides detailed information to any clients who may want to
undertake insurance. The system allows users to view detailed information about any policies they may be interested in,
a client can select/propose /register for any insurance policy, client can request the insurance company to take up
insurance contract with the client, and The Company can as well upload any Insurance topics to be discussed by the
public through the discussion forum. The system uses a relational database implemented by My Structured Query
Language (MySQL) server to manage system data and designed to eliminate data redundancy, maintain security and
integrity of data. The database has been indexed to provide fast data search and timely summary generation. However a
friendly user interface has been used to ease use and navigation purposes and control of user errors as well as minimizing
user data entry errors through script validation and use of list options from where the user can select any suitable options
they want.

24
 CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1 Summary
The application program for insurance service was developed using the Microsoft visual studio plat form this platform is
high level and platform independent. The forms in this application are very interactive and user’s friendly assisting user
to achieve specific purpose was their requirement a met. This application features can be modified this helps ensure that
the software continues to exist and meet up with customers services. In insurance service the method which has been
used is always the form method been supplied to customers in a manual method which the customers have to feel after
sometime and summit to the insurance services and the information would be filed in the cabinet? With this new trend of
information for the insurance service the information are stored in the database and users can have the opportunity of
remotely carrying out the registration with the help of the insurance card pin which have been purchased. The software
ensures that only users that have purchased the insurance card would be allowed to register.

5.2 Limitation
Because of limited time, the system has been constrained like the time factor which has led to some areas of the system
not to be efficiently addressed. Other limitations include:
25
Database security is average because of the database environment that was [Link] as a database management system
was used which does not support stored procedures and checks.
General lack of detailed information like information concerning calculation of Premiums was kept confidential. Some
policies like life insurance lacked more categories.
Stealing of researchers ideas by the company where research was carried out from, this somehow caused bias on the
researcher’s side to go on with the research.
Some respondents were too busy to give the required information and also time to complete filling in the questionnaires
was next to impossible.

5.3 Recommendations
The researcher recommends further work to be done in order to improve on the functionality of the system designed.
Any further improvements should be done in the areas recognized below
More research about calculation of premiums.

26
Having an integrated system that spans all the insurance policies especially that most designed insurance systems are
independent systems.
Incorporating an SMS module so that clients are notified about their undertaken policies, payment of insurance covers.

5.4 Conclusion
In nut shell the purpose of E-insurance system was to make adequate awareness about the mode of operation of E-
insurance and how information technology can be used to enable information delivery and awareness to the public in
Insurance Company of East Africa. The research revealed that integrated awareness about various policies could provide
great improvements to manual and paper based processes in use. For example home, motor, time, theft, and burglary and
regulation in the country. To achieve this, an integrated based prototype was designed to avail detailed information about
E-insurance in the country.
27
REFERENCES

Authord (2000) “World Wide Web and computer information” Publisher:

Simpson Media.
Chiemere .M. (2012) “Nigeria insurance Operation” publisher: City Magazine Anthony village Lagos
Dimorji(2003)”Information System and Database” publisher: World concept press England.
Landre . M (2000) “Service of Insurance “Publisher: Veez Concept Media 406 Mundal.
Martins .C. (2009) “Insurance and the Economy” Publisher: Avez Technology France.
Murdick (1971) “Management Information System(MIS)” Publisher: City Magazine Anthony
Village Lagos
Richard (2009) “Electronic Application” Publisher: Simpson magazine New York

Salvador Minguijon Perez “EP 0700009Progressive Auto Insurance “(U.S. Patent

5,797,134)

28
 APPENDIX: SOURE CODE
<h1>Welcome to <?php echo $_settings->info('name') ?></h1>
<hr class="border-info">
<?php
function duration($dur = 0){
if($dur == 0){
return "00:00";
}
$hours = floor($dur / (60 * 60));
$min = floor($dur / (60)) - ($hours*60);
$dur = sprintf("%'.02d",$hours).":".sprintf("%'.02d",$min);
return $dur;
}
?>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-12 col-sm-12 col-md-6 col-lg-3">
<div class="info-box bg-gradient-light shadow">
<span class="info-box-icon bg-gradient-primary elevation-1"><i class="fas fa-tasks"></i></span>

<div class="info-box-content">
<span class="info-box-text">New Projects</span>
<span class="info-box-number text-right">
<?php
echo $conn->query("SELECT * FROM `project_list` where delete_flag=0 and `status` = 0 ")-
>num_rows;
?>
</span>
</div>
<!-- /.info-box-content -->
29
 </div>
<!-- /.info-box -->
</div>
<div class="col-12 col-sm-12 col-md-6 col-lg-3">
<div class="info-box bg-gradient-light shadow">
<span class="info-box-icon bg-gradient-info elevation-1"><i class="fas fa-tasks"></i></span>

<div class="info-box-content">
<span class="info-box-text">In-Progress Projects</span>
<span class="info-box-number text-right">
<?php
echo $conn->query("SELECT * FROM `project_list` where delete_flag=0 and `status` = 1 ")-
>num_rows;
?>
</span>
</div>
<!-- /.info-box-content -->
</div>
<!-- /.info-box -->
</div>
<div class="col-12 col-sm-12 col-md-6 col-lg-3">
<div class="info-box bg-gradient-light shadow">
<span class="info-box-icon bg-gradient-secondary elevation-1"><i class="fas
fa-tasks"></i></span>

<div class="info-box-content">
<span class="info-box-text">Closed Projects</span>
<span class="info-box-number text-right">
<?php

30
 echo $conn->query("SELECT * FROM `project_list` where delete_flag=0 and `status` = 2 ")-
>num_rows;
?>
</span>
</div>
<!-- /.info-box-content -->
</div>
<!-- /.info-box -->
</div>
<div class="col-12 col-sm-12 col-md-6 col-lg-3">
<div class="info-box bg-gradient-light shadow">
<span class="info-box-icon bg-gradient-warning elevation-1"><i class="fas
fa-file-alt"></i></span>

<div class="info-box-content">
<span class="info-box-text">Total Reports</span>
<span class="info-box-number text-right">
<?php
echo $conn->query("SELECT * FROM `report_list` where employee_id = '{$_settings-
>userdata('id')}'")->num_rows;
?>
</span>
</div>
<!-- /.info-box-content -->
</div>
<!-- /.info-box -->
</div>
<div class="col-12 col-sm-12 col-md-6 col-lg-3">
<div class="info-box bg-gradient-light shadow">

31
 <span class="info-box-icon bg-gradient-success elevation-1"><i class="fas fa-clock"></i></span>

<div class="info-box-content">
<span class="info-box-text">Total Time Alloted</span>
<span class="info-box-number text-right">
<?php
echo duration($conn->query("SELECT sum(duration) FROM `report_list` where employee_id
= '{$_settings->userdata('id')}'")->fetch_array()[0]);
?>
</span>
</div>
<!-- /.info-box-content -->
</div>
<!-- /.info-box -->
</div>
</div>
<hr>
<?php require_once('../[Link]'); ?>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" class="" style="height: auto;">
<?php require_once('inc/[Link]') ?>
<body class="layout-fixed control-sidebar-slide-open layout-navbar-fixed" data-new-gr-c-s-check-
loaded="14.991.0" data-gr-ext-installed="" style="height: auto;">
<div class="wrapper">
<?php require_once('inc/[Link]') ?>
<?php require_once('inc/[Link]') ?>
<?php if($_settings->chk_flashdata('success')): ?>
<script>
alert_toast("<?php echo $_settings->flashdata('success') ?>",'success')

32
 </script>
<?php endif;?>
<?php $page = isset($_GET['page']) ? $_GET['page'] : 'home'; ?>
<!-- Content Wrapper. Contains page content -->
<div class="content-wrapper pt-3" style="min-height: 567.854px;">

<!-- Main content -->

<section class="content ">
<div class="container-fluid">
<?php
if(!file_exists($page.".php") && !is_dir($page)){
include '[Link]';
}else{
if(is_dir($page))
include $page.'/[Link]';
else
include $page.'.php';

}
?>
</div>
</section>
<!-- /.content -->
<div class="modal fade" id="confirm_modal" role='dialog'>
<div class="modal-dialog modal-md modal-dialog-centered rounded-0" role="document">
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<h5 class="modal-title">Confirmation</h5>

33
 </div>
<div class="modal-body">
<div id="delete_content"></div>
</div>
<div class="modal-footer">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary btn-flat" id='confirm' onclick="">Continue</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-default border btn-flat" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="modal fade rounded-0" id="uni_modal" role='dialog'>
<div class="modal-dialog modal-md modal-dialog-centered rounded-0" role="document">
<div class="modal-content rounded-0">
<div class="modal-header rounded-0">
<h5 class="modal-title"></h5>
</div>
<div class="modal-body rounded-0">
</div>
<div class="modal-footer">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary btn-flat" id='submit' onclick="$('#uni_modal
form').submit()">Save</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-default border btn-flat" data-dismiss="modal">Cancel</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="modal fade rounded-0" id="uni_modal_right" role='dialog'>
<div class="modal-dialog modal-full-height modal-md rounded-0" role="document">
34
 <div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<h5 class="modal-title"></h5>
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
<span class="fa fa-arrow-right"></span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="modal-body">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="modal fade rounded-0" id="viewer_modal" role='dialog'>
<div class="modal-dialog modal-md rounded-0" role="document">
<div class="modal-content">
<button type="button" class="btn-close" data-dismiss="modal"><span class="fa
fa-times"></span></button>
<img src="" alt="">
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- /.content-wrapper -->
<?php require_once('inc/[Link]') ?>
</body>
</html>
<?php require_once('../[Link]') ?>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" class="" style="height: auto;">
35
<?php require_once('inc/[Link]') ?>
<body class="hold-transition ">
<script>
start_loader()
</script>
<style>
html, body{
height:calc(100%) !important;
width:calc(100%) !important;
}
body{
background-image: url("<?php echo validate_image($_settings->info('cover')) ?>");
background-size:cover;
background-repeat:no-repeat;
}
.login-title{
text-shadow: 2px 2px black
}
#login{
flex-direction:column !important
}
#logo-img{
height:150px;
width:150px;
object-fit:scale-down;
object-position:center center;
border-radius:100%;
}

36
 #login .col-7,#login .col-5{
width: 100% !important;
max-width:unset !important
}
</style>
<div class="h-100 d-flex align-items-center w-100" id="login">
<div class="col-7 h-100 d-flex align-items-center justify-content-center">
<div class="w-100">
<center><img src="<?= validate_image($_settings->info('logo')) ?>" alt="" id="logo-img"></center>
<h1 class="text-center py-5 login-title"><b><?php echo $_settings->info('name') ?></b></h1>
</div>

</div>
<div class="col-5 h-100 bg-gradient">
<div class="d-flex w-100 h-100 justify-content-center align-items-center">
<div class="card col-sm-12 col-md-6 col-lg-3 card-outline card-primary rounded-0 shadow">
<div class="card-header rounded-0">
<h4 class="text-purle text-center"><b>Login</b></h4>
</div>
<div class="card-body rounded-0">
<form id="login-frm" action="" method="post">
<div class="input-group mb-3">
<input type="text" class="form-control" autofocus name="username" placeholder="Username">
<div class="input-group-append">
<div class="input-group-text">
<span class="fas fa-user"></span>
</div>
</div>

37
 </div>
<div class="input-group mb-3">
<input type="password" class="form-control" name="password" placeholder="Password">
<div class="input-group-append">
<div class="input-group-text">
<span class="fas fa-lock"></span>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="col-8">
</div>
<!-- /.col -->
<div class="col-4">
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary btn-block btn-flat">Sign In</button>
</div>
<!-- /.col -->
</div>
</form>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>

<!-- jQuery -->

<script src="plugins/jquery/[Link]"></script>
<!-- Bootstrap 4 -->

38
<script src="plugins/bootstrap/js/[Link]"></script>
<!-- AdminLTE App -->
<script src="dist/js/[Link]"></script>

<script>
$(document).ready(function(){
end_loader();
})
</script>
</body>
</html>

39