Electrical Circuits and Photonics Exercises
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Electrical Circuits and Photonics - List 3 - Exercises
Capacitor and RC Circuit
Inductor and RL Circuit
Whenever possible, check your results using the circuit simulation program.
LTSpice (free software available at:[Link]
1. In the capacitor of Figure 1, determine the voltage v(t) knowing that i = -5e-2t[μA,s] and v(0) =
100 V.
Figure 1
2. Determine the equivalent capacitances CTtwo circuits represented in Figure 2.
Figure 2
3. Determine the voltage v(t) for t>0 at the terminals of a series connection of a resistor
10Ω with a 10 mF capacitor. It is known that the voltage across the capacitor at t=0 is -25 V.
the current passing through the set is given by: i(t)= 5e-10t(A).
4. For the circuit in Figure 3, it is requested:
a) Determine R, C e a energia inicial (em t=0), sabendo-se que v(t) = 8e-5t (V) e i(t) =20e-5t
(μA);
b) Calculate the percentage of the initial energy that is dissipated in the resistor for t > 100 ms.
BC1519 – Electrical Circuits and Photonics List 3
i
+
v C R
-
Figure 3
5. Determine the inductance of the coil represented in Figure 4, considering:
air nucleus
b) Core of ferromagnetic material with μr=2000.
300 turns
nucleus
Figure 4
6. Reduce the circuits in Figure 5 to the minimum number of elements.
Figure 5
7. In a free series RL circuit, with variable R and L, determine:
a Inductor voltage v(t), for t > 0, knowing that R=200Ω, L=40 mH and i(0) = 10 mA.
b) or value of L, for the case of R = 10 kΩ and τ = 10 μs.
c) the value of R, so that the current in an inductor of 0.01 H reduces to half every 100 µs.
BC1519 - Electric Circuits and Photonics List 3
8. A series RL circuit contains a 1 H inductor. Determine the value of R so that the energy
energy stored in the inductor is reduced to half every 10 ms.
9. Determine the values of V1e I1in the circuit of Figure 6, connected for a long time to the
DC voltage generator.
Figure 6
10. The circuit in Figure 7 is in steady-state at t=0-.
Calcule i(t) e v(t) para t >0.
12 2H i
+
5A 4 4
t=0 v
-
Figure 7
Exercises extracted and adapted from the following references:
Nilsson, J.W., Riedel, S. A. "Electric Circuits", 8th Ed., Pearson Publishing, 2009.
Hayt Jr , W.H., Kemmerly, J.E., Durbin, S.M., “Análise de Circuitos em Engenharia”, Ed. Mc Graw Hill, 7ª.
Ed., 2008.
Boylestad, R. L., “Introdução à Análise de Circuitos”, Pearson Prentice-Hall, 10ª Ed., 2004.
Alexander, C.K.; Sadiku, M.N.O., “Fundamentos de Circuitos Elétricos”, Bookman, 3ª. Ed., 2008.
Dorf, R.C.; Svoboda, J.A., “Introduction to Electric Circuits”, Wiley, 7ª. Ed., 2006.
BC1519 - Electric Circuits and Photonics List 3
Electrical Circuits and Photonics - List 3 - Resolution
1)
1 t
C�
v(t) = i(τ)dτ + v(t 0)
t0
� � .e dτ=2.5·10 .e
i(τ)dτ = -5.10 6 2 6 2
Like this:
1
v(t) = �
2.5.10 -6-2τ
.e t
�100
5.109 � �
0
v(t) = 500e^(-1)
� -2τ
+�100
� �
v(t) = 500.e -400 [V,s]
2 t
2-a)=
CT0.1956µF
b) =
C1=24p
CT=24p+20p
CT=44pF
3)v(t)= vR(t)+vC(t)
1 t
v(t) = Ri(t) + � i(τ)dτ + v(t 0)
C t0
1 t
v(t) = 50.e10t �
5.e dτ + v(0)
10
10.103 0
1 -5 1 0
� �
v(t) = 50.e 10t e t
-25
10.10-3 �
10
�
0 �
�
v(t) = 50.e1 0t-50.e1 0t+50-25
v(t) = 25[V]
4-a) For t=0
v(0)=8V
i(0)=20μA
BC1519 - Electric Circuits and Photonics List 3
Thus:
R = 4. Ω
-5t = -; τ = R.C, thus:
-5= -
C=0.5μF
w=
w=16μJ
b) for t>100ms
v=4.85V
w=
w=5,88.10-6J
5.88
%w= x100
16
%w =36,79%
5-a)
L=
L=0,170mF
b)L=
L=0.339H
6-a)Leq= =0.01H
Ceq= 18F
Assim o circuito irá ser um indutor de 0,01H em série com um capacitor de 18 F
b)Ceq18 F
Leq=25mH
Thus, the circuit will consist of a 25mH inductor in series with an 18 F capacitor.
7-a)vL(t) = -R .i0. , τ=
vL(t)=-200.10m.
BC1519 - Electric Circuits and Photonics List 3
vL(t)=-2. [V]
b)L=10 .10k
L=0.1H
c)i(t)=i0. i(t)= , thus:
0.5=
R=69,315Ω
8) w = .L.i(t)²
I0 =
i(t)=i0.
w(t)=
. (squaring and substituting the values)
w0=2w0 .
R=34,657 Ω
9) Since the circuit has been powered for a long time with the DC voltage generator,
the capacitor behaves like an open circuit and the inductor like a short circuit.
Thus we have:
I1= =2A
V1=20-4.2=12V
10) For t=0-the key is open, and as the regime is permanent, the inductor is
it behaves like a short circuit, thus by division of current, we have:
I0= 2.5A
For t=0+ the switch closes, analyzing we have the 2H inductor in series with a
resistance of 7Ω, thus for i(t)=i0. , we have:
BC1519 – Electric Circuits and Photonics List 3
i(t)=2.5.
i(t)=2.5. [A,s]
To calculate the current that flows through the 4 Ω resistor, in parallel with the resistor of
12 Ω, for current divider we have:
iv(t)= = 1,875. A
v(t) = -[Link](t)
v(t)=-4. 1.875.
v(t) = -7.5. V
v(t) = -7.5.e-3.5t[V,s]