President Ramon Magsaysay State University

College of Engineering

ENGINEERING DATA ANALYSIS

EDA 101

PROBLEM SET NO.3

Continuous Probability Distribution

Student Name:
CLARISSE HOPE M. RICO

Due Date:
November 14, 2023

Date Submitted:
September 16, 2023

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Instruction: In a clean A4 sized bond paper, solved the following problems. WRITE the problem first, followed
by your clean and organized solutions. Border must be visible with ½ inch in all edges of the paper.

1. Suppose that 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑒 −𝑥 for 0 < 𝑥. Determine the following:

a. 𝑃(1 < 𝑋)
b. 𝑃(1 < 𝑋 < 2.5)
c. 𝑃(𝑋 = 3)
d. 𝑃(3 ≤ 𝑋)
e. 𝑥 such that 𝑃(𝑥 < 𝑋) = 0.10
3
2. Suppose that for a random variable X, 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑘 (8𝑥 − 𝑥 2 ), 0 < 𝑥 < 8 for some number 𝑘.
a. Find the value of 𝑘 so that 𝑓(𝑥) is a density function.
b. Determine the cumulative distribution function of 𝑋.
c. Use the cumulative distribution function to determine 𝑃[𝑋 < 2].

3. A test instrument needs to be calibrated periodically to prevent measurement errors. After some time of use without calibration,
it is known that the probability density function of the measurement error 𝑖𝑠 𝑓(𝑥) = 1 − 0.5𝑥 for 0 < 𝑥 < 2 millimeters.
a. If the measurement error within 0.5 millimeters is acceptable, what is the probability that the error is not acceptable before
calibration?
b. What is the value of measurement error exceeded with probability 0.2 before calibration?
600
4. The thickness of a conductive coating in micrometers has a density function of for 100𝜇𝑚 < 𝑥 < 120𝜇𝑚. Determine the
𝑥2
mean and variance of the coating thickness.

5. The thickness of photoresist applied to wafers in semiconductor manufacturing at a particular location on the wafer is uniformly
distributed between 0.2050 and 0.2150 micrometers. Determine the following:
a. Cumulative distribution function of photoresist thickness
b. Proportion of wafers that exceeds 0.2125 micrometers in photoresist thickness
c. Thickness exceeded by 10% of the wafers
d. Mean and variance of photoresist thickness

6. The tensile strength of paper is modeled by a normal distribution with a mean of 35 pounds per square inch and a standard
deviation of 2 pounds per square inch.
a. What is the probability that the strength of a sample is less than 40 𝑙𝑏/𝑖𝑛2 ?
b. If the specifications require the tensile strength to exceed 30 𝑙𝑏/𝑖𝑛2 , what proportion of the samples is scrapped?

7. The CPU of a personal computer has a lifetime that is exponentially distributed with a mean lifetime of six years. You have owned
this CPU for three years.
a. What is the probability that the CPU fails in the next three years?
b. Assume that your corporation has owned 10 CPUs for three years, and assume that the CPUs fail independently. What is
the probability that at least one fails within the next three years?

8. A subway train on the Red Line arrives every eight minutes during rush hour. We are interested in the length of time a commuter
must wait for a train to arrive. The time follows a uniform distribution.
a. Define the random variable. 𝑋 = _______
b. Graph the probability distribution.
c. 𝑓(𝑥) = _______
d. 𝜇 = _______
e. 𝜎 = _______
f. Find the probability that the commuter waits less than one minute.
g. Find the probability that the commuter waits between three and four minutes.

9. At an urgent care facility, patients arrive at an average rate of one patient every seven minutes. Assume that the duration between
arrivals is exponentially distributed.

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 a. Find the probability that the time between two successive visits to the urgent care facility is less than 2 minutes.
b. Find the probability that the time between two successive visits to the urgent care facility is more than 15 minutes.
c. If 10 minutes have passed since the last arrival, what is the probability that the next person will arrive within the next five
minutes?
d. Find the probability that more than eight patients arrive during a half-hour period.

10. The percent of fat calories that a person in America consumes each day is normally distributed with a mean of about 36
and a standard deviation of 10. Suppose that one individual is randomly chosen. Let X = percent of fat calories.
a. 𝑋 ~ _____(_____,_____)
b. Find the probability that the percent of fat calories a person consumes is more than 40. Graph the situation. Shade in the
area to be determined.
c. Find the maximum number for the lower quarter of percent of fat calories. Sketch the graph and write the probability statement.

11. A soft-drink machine is regulated so that it discharges an average of 200 milliliters per cup. If the amount of drink is normally
distributed with a standard deviation equal to 15 milliliters,
a. what fraction of the cups will contain more than 224 milliliters?
b. what is the probability that a cup contains between 191 and 209 milliliters?
c. how many cups will probably overflow if 230-milliliter cups are used for the next 1000 drinks?
d. below what value do we get the smallest 25% of the drinks?

Rubric of Problem Set

Correctness (30%)
• 0-10%: The solutions are mostly incorrect or incomplete.
• 11-20%: The solutions contain several errors or omissions.
• 21-30%: The solutions have minor errors but demonstrate a reasonable understanding of
Timeliness (20%)
• 0-10%: The problem set was submitted significantly late or not submitted at all.
• 10-15%: The problem set was submitted late but within an acceptable time frame.
• 15-20%: The problem set was submitted on time
Presentation and Cleanliness (50%)
• 0-15%: The problem set is disorganized, illegible, or lacks proper formatting.
• 16-30%: The problem set lacks consistency in formatting and organization.
• 31-45%: The problem set is mostly organized, legible, and appropriately formatted.
• 46-50%: The problem set is exceptionally well-organized, neat, and follows a clear format.

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