EEEE 353 Linear Systems
Using MATLAB for Linear
Systems Analysis
A Tutorial
1
Outline
• Introduction
• Transfer Function Models
• Pole-Zero maps
• Time Domain Analysis of 1st Order Systems
• Time Domain Analysis of 2nd Order Systems
Using MATLAB
Mathematical Modeling 3
Transfer Function Model Using Numerator & Denominator
Coefficients
100
G( s ) =
s 2 + 14 s + 10
This transfer function can be stored into the MATLAB
num = 100;
den = [1 14 10];
sys=tf(num,den)
To check your entry you can use the command printsys as
shown below:
printsys(num,den);
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Transfer Function Model Using Zeros, Poles and Gain
(ZPK model)
100 ( s + 3) K ( s + z1 )
G( s ) = =
( s + 1)( s + 2) ( s + p1 )( s + p2 )
This transfer function can be stored into the MATLAB
Zeros=-3;
Poles= [-1 -2];
K=100;
sys=zpk(Zeros,Poles,K)
To check your entry you can use the command printsys as
shown below:
printsys(num,den);
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Poles & Zeros
s 2 + 3s + 5
G( s ) =
s 2 + 4 s + 10
We can find poles with the help of following MATLAB
command.
poles = roots(den)
We can find Zeros with the help of following MATLAB
command
zeros = roots(num)
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contd….. Poles & Zeros
We can plot the poles of the above transfer function marked by the
symbol ‘x’.
plot(poles,’x’)
To plot the poles and zeros of any transfer function there is a built in
function pzmap in the MATLAB
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Example
1. Compute the poles and zeros of G(s)
2. Compute the characteristic equation of H(s)
3. Divide G(s) by H(s)
4. Plot pole-zero map of G(s)/H(s) in the complex plane.
Mathematical Modeling 8
Example .. Solution
1. Computing the poles and zeros of G(s)
»numg=[6 0 1]; deng=[1 3 3 1];
»sysg=tf(numg,deng);
»z=zero(sysg)
»p=pole(sysg)
Mathematical Modeling 9
Example .. Solution
2. Computing the characteristic equation of H(s)
»n1=[1 1]; n2=[1 2]; d1=[1 2*i]; d2=[1 -2*i]; d3=[1 3];
»numh=conv(n1,n2); denh=conv(d1,conv(d2,d3));
»sysh=tf(numh,denh)
»sys=sysg/sysh
Mathematical Modeling 10
Example .. Solution
»pzmap(sys)
11
Mathematical Modeling
MATLAB APPLICATIONS
Impulse Response
12
Time Domain Response Analysis
MATLAB APPLICATIONS
Step Response
13
Time Domain Response Analysis
MATLAB APPLICATIONS
Response to Arbitrary Input
Time Domain Response Analysis 14
Time Domain Analysis of 1st Order Systems
Step Response
10
G( s ) =
3s + 1
To obtain the step response of the system
num = 10;
den = [3 1]; or
step(num,den)
num = 10;
den = [3 1];
sys=tf(num, den)
step(sys)
Time Domain Analysis of 1st Order Systems
Impulse Response
10
G( s ) =
3s + 1
To find the step response of the system
num = 10;
den = [3 1];
impulse(num,den)
Time Domain Analysis of 1st Order Systems
Ramp Response
10
G( s ) =
3s + 1
To find the ramp response of the system
t = 0:0.01:10
r = t;
num = 10;
den = [2 1];
lsim(num,den,r,t)
Time Domain Analysis of 1st Order Systems
Exercise-1: Obtain the step and ramp responses
of the following 1st order system for T=1, 2, 3 5,
10 seconds.
2
G( s ) =
Ts + 1
Exercise-2: Obtain the step and ramp responses
of the following 1st order system for K=1, 5, 10
and 15.
K
G( s ) =
3s + 1
Frequency Domain Analysis of Control Systems
END OF TUTORIAL
10/3/2025