Nervous System
•Your nervous system connects all
your body parts and transmits
signals from one part to another.
It is a system of cells, tissues, and
organs that regulates the body’s
responses to internal and external
stimuli.
Major Divisions and Parts of the Nervous
System
•Central Nervous System (CNS)
•Peripheral Nervous System(PNS)
Central Nervous
System (CNS) [Link]
The CNS serves as the main
processing center for the
entire nervous [Link] cord
system.
Brain
• This is an organ located within the skull that
functions as organizer and distributor of
information for the body.
• It has three main parts:
• Cerebrum
• Cerebellum
• Brain stem
•Cerebrum – large, upper part of the
brain that controls activity and thought.
•It is divided into two hemispheres, or halves,
called the cerebral hemispheres. Areas within
the cerebrum control muscle functions and
control speech, thought, emotions, reading,
writing, and learning.
• Cerebellum – the part under the cerebrum that
controls posture, balance, and coordination-
motor complex.
• Brain Stem – the part that connects the brain to
the spinal cord and controls automatic functions
such as breathing, digestion, heart rate, and
blood pressure, and the nerves and muscles
used in seeing, hearing, walking, talking, and
eating.
Spinal cord
•This serves as a channel for signals
between the brain and the rest of
the body and controls simple
musculoskeletal reflexes without
input from the brain.
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
•Connects the CNS to the organs and
limbs.
•It has two main division:
•Somatic Nervous System
•Autonomic Nervous System
Somatic Nervous System
•This system is associated with the
voluntary control of body movements
and has two main parts:
•Spinal Nerves
•Cranial Nerves
•Spinal nerves are bundles
of nerve fibers connected
to the spinal cord that
carry information to and
away from the spinal
cord.
Spinal Nerve
• The nerves that
carry motor and
sensory signals
between the
spinal cord and
the body.
Cranial Nerve
• The nerve fibers that carry information into and
out of the brain stem.
• set of 12 paired nerves in the back of your brain.
• send electrical signals between your brain, face,
neck and torso
• help you taste, smell, hear and feel sensations.
• help you make facial expressions, blink your eyes
and move your tongue.
Autonomic Nervous System
•This system is associated with the
involuntary control of body
movements and has two
subdivisions:
•Sympathetic
•Parasympathetic
Sympathetic
•it is activated when the body
is in a dynamic role or stress.
(e.g., increased heart rate
and breathing, dilation of
pupil, sweating, etc.)
Parasympathetic
•It maintains body functions and restores
the body to normal or relaxed mode.
•a network of nerves that relaxes your
body after periods of stress or danger.
•Copy and answer
•One whole sheet
•See for guide question on the
last page.
•Pass it on or before Nov.7
Guide Questions:
Q1. How will you differentiate the Central Nervous System
(CNS) and the
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) in terms of their functions?
Q2. What might happen to the human body if one part of
the nervous system
fails to carry out its function properly?