Chapter 10:
Learning Outcomes
1. Define global food security
2. Know the importance of global food security
3. Enumerate the five components of food security and the
different ways to improve global food security
4. Identify some problems and main threats to food security
5. Critique existing models of global food security
GLOBAL FOOD SECURITY
GLOBAL FOOD SECURITY
GLOBAL FOOD SECURITY
Food Security
- refers to conditions in which “all people”, at
all times, have physical and economic access to
sufficient, safe and nutritious food to meet
their dietary needs and food preference for an
active and healthy life. (FAO, 1996)
Importance of Global Food
Security
1. Economic growth and job creation
2. Poverty reduction
3. Trade opportunities
4. Increased global security and stability
5. Improved health and healthcare
5 Components of Food
Security
1. Availability of food
2. Access to food
3. Utilization of food
4. Stability
5. Malnutrition
5 Ways to Improve Global Food
Security
1. Close the yield gap
2. Use fertilizer more effectively
3. Raise low water productivity
4. Target food for direct consumption
5. Reduce food waste
5 Ways to Improve Global Food
Security
1. Close the yield gap
Closing the yield gap increases agricultural
productivity and food availability.
5 Ways to Improve Global Food
Security
2. Use fertilizer more
effectively
Using fertilizers more effectively in agriculture is importnat for
optimizing crop yields, enhancing food security, and promoting
sustainable farming practices.
5 Ways to Improve Global Food
Security
3. Raise low water
productivity
Water productivity refers to the amount of food produced per unit of water
used. Improving water productivity is important for addressing water scarcity,
increasing agricultural resilience, and achieving global food security.
Raising low water productivity - involves optimizing the use of water resources
in agriculture to enhance crop yields and ensure sustainable food production.
5 Ways to Improve Global Food
Security
4. Target food for direct
consumption
5 Ways to Improve Global Food
Security
5. Reduce food waste
Biggest threats to food security
1. World population growth
2. The increase demand for food
3. Food price
4. The disappearance of the variety of agricultural plant
species
5. The increase in the area of scarcity of water and the
limitation of the availability of land
6. The food losses and food waste
Existing Models of Global Food
Security
Contemporary models in use for long-run
projections of agriculture and the food system
can be classified into two broad categories:
a.) Economy- wide compatible general
equilibrium (CGE) models
b.) Partial equilibrium (PE) multi-market models
that focus only on agricultural sectors
Existing Models of Global Food
Security
CGE models consider all production sectors in an
economy simultaneously and take full account of
macroeconomic constraints, and inter sectorial
linkages. With respect to the representation of the
food system, their strength is that they include
the entire value chain from agricultural
production to food processing and distribution
and finally to food consumption households.
Existing Models of Global Food
Security
PE models focus on just one aspect of the
value chain – unprocessed or first stage
processed agricultural products – and ignore
macroeconomic constraints and linkages
between agricultural production and aggregate
income. This limits the domain of applicability
of these partial analytic models to scenarios in
which the feedback effects of shocks to
agriculture on aggregate income are small.
(Goal 1)
End poverty in all its forms
everywhere.
(Goal 2)
End hunger, achieve food
security and improved
nutrition, and promote
sustainable agriculture.
(Goal 3)
Ensure healthy lives and
promote well-being for all at
all ages.
(Goal 4)
Ensure inclusive and
equitable quality education
and promote lifelong learning
opportunities for all.
(Goal 4)
Education is a powerful tool for
fostering a culture of sustainability
and social responsibility.
(Goal 4)
Access
Issues in
Relevance Education Equity
Quality
(Goal 5)
Achieve gender equality and
empower all women and girls.
(Goal 6)
Ensure availability and
sustainable management of
water and sanitation for all.
(Goal 7)
Ensure access to affordable,
reliable, sustainable, and
modern energy for all.
(Goal 8)
Promote sustained, inclusive,
and sustainable economic
growth, full and productive
employment, and decent
work for all.
(Goal 9)
Build resilient infrastructure,
promote inclusive and
sustainable industrialization,
and foster innovation.
(Goal 10)
Reduce inequality within and
among countries.
(Goal 11)
Make cities and human
settlements inclusive, safe,
resilient, and sustainable.
(Goal 12)
Ensure sustainable
consumption and production
patterns.
(Goal 13)
Take urgent action to combat
climate change and its
impacts.
(Goal 14)
Conserve and sustainably
use the oceans, seas, and
marine resources for
sustainable development.
(Goal 15)
Protect, restore, and promote
sustainable use of terrestrial
ecosystems, sustainably
manage forests, combat
desertification, and halt and
reverse land degradation and
halt biodiversity loss.
(Goal 16)
Promote peaceful and
inclusive societies for
sustainable development,
provide access to justice for
all, and build effective,
accountable, and inclusive
institutions at all levels.
(Goal 17)
Strengthen the means of
implementation and revitalize
the Global Partnership for
Sustainable Development.
The Sustainable Development
Goals (SDGs)
- are a set of 17 global goals established by the United Nations in September 2015. These goals are
designed to address a wide range of global challenges and promote sustainable development across
economic, social, and environmental dimensions. The SDGs are part of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable
Development, with the aim of achieving these goals by the year 2030. Each goal is interconnected and
contributes to the overall objective of creating a more equitable, just, and sustainable world. Here are the
17 Sustainable Development Goals:
[Link] Poverty (Goal 1): End poverty in all its forms everywhere.
[Link] Hunger (Goal 2): End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition, and promote sustainable
agriculture.
[Link] Health and Well-being (Goal 3): Ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages.
[Link] Education (Goal 4): Ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong
learning opportunities for all.
[Link] Equality (Goal 5): Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls.
The Sustainable Development
Goals (SDGs)
6. Clean Water and Sanitation (Goal 6): Ensure availability and sustainable management of water and
sanitation for all.
7. Affordable and Clean Energy (Goal 7): Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern
energy for all.
8. Decent Work and Economic Growth (Goal 8): Promote sustained, inclusive, and sustainable economic
growth, full and productive employment, and decent work for all.
9. Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure (Goal 9): Build resilient infrastructure, promote inclusive and
sustainable industrialization, and foster innovation.
[Link] Inequality (Goal 10): Reduce inequality within and among countries.
[Link] Cities and Communities (Goal 11): Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe,
resilient, and sustainable.
[Link] Consumption and Production (Goal 12): Ensure sustainable consumption and production
patterns.
The Sustainable Development
Goals (SDGs)
13. Climate Action (Goal 13): Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts.
14. Life Below Water (Goal 14): Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas, and marine resources for
sustainable development.
15. Life on Land (Goal 15): Protect, restore, and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems,
sustainably manage forests, combat desertification, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt
biodiversity loss.
16. Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions (Goal 16): Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for
sustainable development, provide access to justice for all, and build effective, accountable, and
inclusive institutions at all levels.
17. Partnerships for the Goals (Goal 17): Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalize the Global
Partnership for Sustainable Development.
ACTIVITY – FILM MAKING ABOUT
SDG’s aligned with your Course
Example.
Practical Activity: Community Clean-Up and Waste Segregation Initiative (SDG 13: Climate Action)
Objective:
Students will organize and participate in a local community clean-up event focused on promoting waste
segregation and recycling practices.
Instructions:
1. Plan the Event: Organize a clean-up in a local park or public area, focusing on proper waste segregation
(biodegradable, non-biodegradable, recyclable).
2. Educate Participants: Before the clean-up, provide a brief session on waste management and the importance
of reducing environmental impact.
3. Collect and Sort Waste: During the clean-up, ensure participants sort the waste into the correct categories.
4. Reflect and Report: After the event, reflect on the waste collected and discuss how this contributes to SDG 13
(Climate Action).
This practical task encourages students to take direct action for sustainability while engaging the community.
THANK YOU