K. K. Wagh Polytechnic, Nashik.
Hirabai Haridas Vidyanagari, Amrutdham, Panchavati,Nashik-3
Department of Computer Technology
Activity No- 04
Project Design for
Battery Degradation
Prediction and Life
Estimation
P-id: 54
Version 1.0
01/08/2025
Prepared by :
Enrollment No. Roll No. Name of Students Marks Obtained
out of (10)
23651010599 TYCM(Mac) - 56 Kshitija Pravin Pathak
23651010581 TYCM(Win) - 22 Aishwarya Kishor Kotkar
23651010622 TYCM(Win) - 50 Nidhi Rajaram Warungase
23651010570 TYCM(Win) - 13 Shravani Yogesh Hengade
23651010830 TYEE(Ohm) - 36 Sonawane Mayur Sunil
23651010774 TYEE(Ohm) - 16 Khute Sakshi Rajendra
Signature of Guide
Department of Computer Technology
K. K. Wagh Polytechnic, Nashik
Department of Computer Technology.
Project Design and Analysis for Battery Degradation Prediction and Life Estimation Page ii
1. Table of Contents - Project Design
Section Title / Sub-Title Page No.
No.
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Purpose
1.2 Scope
2. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN
2.1 System Description
2.2 System Architecture
3. PROJECT DESIGN
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Decomposition Description
3.3 DFD-0
3.4 DFD-1
3.5 DFD-2
3.6 UML Diagrams
4. USER INTERFACES AND I/O DESIGN
4.1 Introduction
4.2 User Interfaces / Input and Output Design
4.3 External System Interfaces
5. APPENDIX A – Glossary
Project Design and Analysis for Battery Degradation Prediction and Life Estimation Page 1
1. INTRODUCTION
The Battery Degradation Prediction and Life Estimation project is designed as an AI-driven system
that forecasts battery health, predicts degradation patterns, and estimates the remaining useful life (RUL)
of batteries used in electric vehicles (EVs), consumer electronics, renewable energy storage systems,
and industrial applications. With the rapid growth of EV adoption and the increasing dependence on
rechargeable batteries, it has become essential to monitor performance and optimize usage. This system
leverages advanced data analytics, machine learning, and electrochemical modeling to provide accurate
predictions of battery behavior, thereby enabling manufacturers, operators, and users to maximize safety,
efficiency, and longevity..
1.1 Purpose
The purpose of this project is to provide a reliable framework for predicting battery
degradation and estimating life cycles under varying operating conditions. By utilizing historical
performance data, real-time sensor inputs, and predictive models, the system offers early warnings of
potential failures, supports optimal charging and discharging strategies, and reduces maintenance costs.
Accurate life estimation helps in planning battery replacements, improving sustainability, and
enhancing the overall performance of energy storage systems.
1.2 Scope
The scope of this project includes data-driven and model-based approaches for battery
degradation analysis, integration of Internet of Things (IoT) sensors for real-time monitoring, and
the application of machine learning and deep learning techniques for life prediction. The system
will support multiple battery chemistries (such as Lithium-ion, Nickel-Metal Hydride, and Solid-
State batteries) and adapt to diverse use cases like electric mobility, renewable energy storage, and
portable electronics. Visualization dashboards will be developed for monitoring State of Charge
(SoC), State of Health (SoH), and Remaining Useful Life (RUL). The project is intended for
battery manufacturers, EV companies, renewable energy providers, and researchers who
seek to ensure reliability, safety, and long-term performance of energy storage systems.
Project Design and Analysis for Battery Degradation Prediction and Life Estimation Page 2
2. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN
2.1 System Description
The Battery Degradation Prediction and Life Estimation system follows a modular architecture
integrating data acquisition, preprocessing, feature engineering, predictive modeling,
visualization, and alert generation. The architecture is designed to ensure scalability, reliability, and
real-time analysis of battery health by combining physics-based models, machine learning (ML), and
deep learning (DL) approaches. The system continuously monitors battery parameters such as voltage,
current, temperature, and charging/discharging cycles, transforming them into structured datasets
suitable for prediction and estimation. By integrating real-time monitoring with predictive analytics,
the system provides accurate forecasts of battery degradation and remaining useful life (RUL).
2.2 System Architecture
The architecture is structured around five main modules:
1) Data Acquisition Module – Collects real-time and historical data from IoT-enabled battery sensors
(voltage, current, temperature, cycles).
2) Preprocessing Module – Cleans, filters, and normalizes raw sensor data to remove noise and
inconsistencies.
3) Feature Extraction Module – Derives key indicators such as State of Charge (SoC), State of Health
(SoH), Depth of Discharge (DoD), and cycle count.
4) Prediction Engine – Applies machine learning (e.g., Random Forest, SVM) and deep learning (e.g.,
LSTM, CNN) models for degradation prediction and life estimation.
5) Visualization & Alert Module – Provides interactive dashboards for monitoring SoC, SoH, and RUL,
along with alert generation for critical battery health thresholds.
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2.3 ER Diagrams
Fig.2.1ER Diagrams
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3. PROJECT DESIGN
3.1 Introduction
The project design outlines how the Battery Degradation Prediction and Life Estimation system predicts
battery health and remaining useful life (RUL) through structured workflows. The system processes
raw battery data, extracts meaningful features, applies machine learning and deep learning models, and
visualizes the results for actionable insights in battery management and maintenance.
3.2 Decomposition description
The system is decomposed into smaller modules: Data Collection, Preprocessing, Feature Extraction,
Prediction Model, Visualization, and Recommendation. Each module handles a specific responsibility
to ensure modularity and ease of maintenance.
3.3 DFD-0
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3.4 DFD-1
3.5 DFD-2
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3.6 UML Diagrams
⮚ Types of UML Diagrams
[Link] Diagram
Fig 3.6 [Link] Diagram
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[Link] Diagram
Fig 3.6 [Link] Diagram
[Link] Diagram
Fig 3.6 [Link] Diagram
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D. State Machine Diagrams
Fig 3.6 [Link] Machine Diagram
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[Link] Diagrams
Fig 3.6 [Link] Diagram
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4. USER INTERFACE AND I/O DESIGN
1. Introduction
The Battery Degradation Prediction and Life Estimation system ensures that users and engineers can
easily interact with the system through intuitive interfaces that present actionable battery insights. The
system provides a dashboard as its main interface, allowing users to monitor battery health, degradation
trends, and remaining useful life. The design emphasizes usability, clarity, and accessibility for both
technical and non-technical users.
2. User interfaces /Input and Output Design
Inputs:
• Battery usage data collected from IoT sensors and monitoring devices (charge/discharge
cycles, voltage, current, temperature).
• Manufacturer-provided battery specifications.
• Environmental data such as ambient temperature and humidity.
Outputs:
• Visual representations of battery health and degradation trends, including line graphs, bar
charts, and heat maps.
• Estimated remaining useful life (RUL) of the battery.
• Maintenance alerts and replacement recommendations.
• Detailed trend analysis at cell, module, or pack level, enabling users to perform predictive
maintenance planning.
3. External system interfaces
The system interfaces with:
• Battery Monitoring Devices / IoT Sensors for real-time data collection.
• Manufacturer Databases for specifications and historical battery performance data.
• Cloud Platforms / Analytics Services for data storage, processing, and future integration with
predictive maintenance tools.
• Optional APIs for fleet management systems or energy management platforms to provide
notifications and actionable insights.
Project Design and Analysis for Battery Degradation Prediction and Life Estimation Page 11
5. APENDIX A-GLOSSARY
1. Battery Health (State of Health, SoH) – A measure of the current condition of a battery relative
to its ideal condition.
2. Remaining Useful Life (RUL) – The estimated operational lifespan remaining for a battery.
3. IoT Sensors – Devices that monitor voltage, current, temperature, and usage data of batteries in
real-time.
4. Degradation Trend Analysis – The process of identifying patterns of performance decline over
time.
5. Predictive Maintenance – Using data and analytics to anticipate battery failures and schedule
maintenance.
6. Visualization Dashboard – An interface displaying battery health, RUL, and trends graphically.
7. Machine Learning Models (LSTM, Regression Models) – Algorithms used to predict battery
degradation and lifespan.
8. Environmental Monitoring – Tracking conditions such as temperature and humidity that affect
battery performance.
[Link] [Link]/[Link] [Link]
(Name & Sign of Guide-1) (Project Coordinator) (HOD-CM.)
[Link]
(Name & Sign of Guide-2)