CHAPTER 6

ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEM

STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

The system that is responsible for handling the strength of the project. It shows
and state the materials, structural method and concept that project adopt to ensure the
strength of a building or structure. Different methods and concept were applied to the
structural integrity of the project.

Pile Foundation

Pile foundation will be used for the project since it is suitable when the soil is very
soft (hydrosol) and the site is near the sea. It is also applicable for a building with a high
carrying concentrated load.

Fig. Pile Foundation Construction

Beams and Columns

Steel beams and columns shall be used as structural materials for vertical and
horizontal members of the structure. Installation of these can reduce the time
construction process due to it being pre-fabricated and easy to install compared to the
common reinforced concrete beams and columns.

Fig. Steel Beams and Column

Flooring

Metal decks were used as floorings, where a concrete topping (lightweight or

dense) is cast in-situ on profiled steel decking acting as permanent formwork and
reinforcement to the concrete. Steel bars are included in the slab to prevent cracking
and to provide reinforcement in the event of degradation of the decking in a fire.

Fig. Flooring
Seismic Base Isolation System

The project shall use seismic base isolation to minimize the force of a potentially
devastating impact from an earthquake. Seismic base isolation is one of the most
effective means of protecting a structure against lateral forces like heavy winds but most
importantly earthquakes.

Fig. Seismic Base Isolation

ELECTRICAL SYSTEM

Main Power Supply

Fig. Subic Enerzone

The Freeport is currently dependent on the

company Subic Enerzone to provide as much as 116
megawatts of electricity to consumers. Additional power
stations are planned and budgeted to be built within the
Zone within the near future. One of these, a very large
coal-fired plant, will embrace the latest in green, clean-coal
technology.

Emergency Power Supply

Fig. Generator

In case of a power shortage, black-

outs or anything that might cause electrical
disturbances, a standby generator set would
supply the needed power source. This would
support important electrical systems
especially in case of a power interruption.
Alternative Power Supply

Fig. Solar Panels

Solar panels shall be used for the project as an alternative power source since it
absorbs sunlight and turn it as a source of energy to generate direct current electricity.
The sun provides a tremendous resource for generating clean and sustainable electricity
without toxic pollution or global warming emissions.

Using solar panels for the project will help the facility contribute to the
environment by consuming less power from the main power source and could also
redistribute its excess generated power back to the source cutting its electrical
consumption bill.
MECHANICAL SYSTEM

Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning System

Fig. HVAC System

The use of HVAC system is very important in a healthcare facility since it not only
maintain comfortable climate conditions of temperature and humidity control, but also by
maintaining a clean, germ-free environment to contribute to the well-being of patients
and to prevent the spread of diseases.

Elevator / Lifts

Fig. Elevator / lift

 Healthcare facilities which have high movement of people is required to have lifts
for transporting patients and equipment. Elevators have to combine speed, comfort,
safety and capacity.

FIRE FIGHTING SYSTEM

Alarm System

Fig. Fire Alarm

A fire alarm is a unit made of several devices, which uses visual and audio
signalization to warn people about a possible fire, smoke, or carbon monoxide
occurrence in the area of coverage. The project shall install fire alarms and detectors to
all buildings in order to alert the people in case of fire.
Sprinkler System

Fig. Sprinkler

Firefighting sprinkler shall be installed to

prevent and put out the fire detected by causing
an automatic discharge of water, usually from
pipes near the ceiling.

Fire Hydrant System

Fig. Standpipe

The project shall have a standpipe installed for

trained occupants / employees to be of use until the fire
department arrives. Fire hydrants should be located at
immediate points adjacent to the principal vehicular
access to allow rapid connection by fire fighters to the
pumping engine.
Fire Extinguisher

Fig. Fire Extinguisher

Fire extinguishers shall be scattered in

the building to be used in case of small fires. It is not intended for use on an out-of-
control fire, such as one which reach the ceiling, endangers the use or otherwise
requires an expertise of a fire department.

Fire Hose Cabinet

Fig. Fire Hose Cabinet

Fire hose cabinet should be located near stairways

and fire exit to make it more accessible to use. It is a
steel box mounted at any place for firefighting
convenience, with simple installation, light weight and
small occupation. Fire cabinets also help to protect the
equipment inside from dirt and rubbish.
SANITARY SYSTEM

Main Water Supply

Fig. Subic Water and Sewerage Company Inc.

Subic Water and Sewerage Company Inc. heads a

consortium that is responsible for the steady supply of
potable water and satisfactory sewerage services in SBFZ.

Sanitary Drainage System

Fig. Sewage Treatment Plan

Sewage treatment plan is the

process of removing contaminants from
waste water generated from hospitals,
industrial facilities or household. The
objective of using this is to produce a
waste stream or treated of treated
efficient and a solid waste or re-use back
without environmental impact.
Storm Drainage System

Fig. Drainage System in SBFZ

There is an existing drainage system

in SBFZ in which the project can connect to.

Storm drainage shouldn’t be

connected into a septic tank or to the main
sewer line. Storm drainage system will be
incorporated in roof gutter conveyer by
drainage system in the site connected to
the drain system along the main road.

WASTE MANAGEMENT

Solid Waste Management

Subic Bay Metropolitan Authority (SBMA) maintenance and transportation

department is responsible for the proper collection and disposal of garbage within the
Freeport Zone.
Waste Segregation

Waste segregation shall be

implemented to lessen the wastes that ends
up in landfills which can be better for the
people and the environment. In particular,
hazardous wastes can cause long term
health problems, so it is very important that
they are disposed of correctly and safely
and not mixed in with the normal waste.

LANDSCAPE SYSTEM

Plantscaping

Fig. Indoor Plantscaping

Adding natural elements like live

plants or living walls can reduce stress
levels in patients. Incorporating aspects of
nature into an unfamiliar environment, like
an indoor garden at a hospital, can be
relaxing to patients and their families as
well as employees.
Fig. Outdoor Plantscaping

Benefits of Indoor Plants in a Healthcare

Facility

 Plants promote healing - Live

plants can offer a place of peace
and refuge, one shown to elevate a
patient’s mood.
 Plants decrease stress - The addition of a healing garden or living wall will create
a calming environment, one where guests, employees and patients alike can
benefit from lower blood pressure and stress levels.
 Plants have even been shown to increase productivity for those at work in the
hospital, too.
 Plants improve your overall sensory experience - Adding water features may
mask hospital sound. Lush greenery can provide privacy, comfort, and even aid
in directing visitors through the hospital.

Accessibility

The project shall abide to BP 344 Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR)
Amendments Minimum Requirements for Accessibility.

Accessible Ramps

Ramps shall have the following facilities and features:

 Changes in level shall require a ramp except when served by a dropped
sidewalk, curb ramp, an elevator, or other mechanical devices.
 Minimum clear width of 1.20 m.
 Gradient not steeper than 1:12.
Fig. Design of ramps wider than 1.20m but not less than 300mm. (Requiring
intermediate handrails).

Fig. Design of ramps wider than 1.20m but not less than 300mm. (Requiring
intermediate handrails).

 For accessible ramps 3m or more in width, provide intermediate handrails at the

center.
  Use of double “J” type handrail supports are recommended.
 Maximum length of 6.00 m.: Accessible ramps with a total length longer than
6.00 m shall be provided with intermediate landings with a minimum length of
1.50 m.
Fig. Design of ramps wider than 1.20m but not less than 300mm. (Requiring
intermediate handrails).

Fig. Design of ramps wider than 1.20m but not less than 300mm. (Requiring
intermediate handrails).
Ramp Dimensions

Fig. Minimum Curb Height on Ramps

 Level area not less than 1.80 m at

the top and bottom of any ramp.
 Handrails on both sides of the
ramp at 700 mm and 900 mm from
the floor of the ramp.
 300 mm long extension of the
handrail shall be provided at the
top and bottom of ramps.
 Curbs on both sides of the ramp with a minimum height of 100 mm.

Fig. Ramp and Vehicular Traffic

 Any ramp with a rise greater than 170 mm and leads down towards an area
where vehicular traffic is possible, should have a railing across the full width of its
lower end, not less than 1.80 meters from the foot of the ramp.
Slip Resistant Materials

 Slip resistant materials shall have a Coefficient of Friction of 0.6 for level surfaces
and 0.8 for sloping surfaces (ASTM).
 If carpets or carpet tiles are used on a floor surface:
 It shall be securely attached;
 have a firm cushion, pad, or backing;
 Have a level loop, textured loop, level cut pile, or level cut/uncut pile texture;
 Maximum pile thickness shall be 13 mm;
 Exposed edges of carpet shall be fastened to floor surfaces and have trim along
the entire length of the exposed edge;
 Carpet edge trim shall comply with 4.5.2. Appendix Note (ADA).

Handrails and Grab Bars

Fig. Dimension of Handrails and Grab Bars on Ramp

 Handrails shall
be required for
accessible
ramps for
changes in
grade higher
than 170 mm.
 Handrails shall
be installed at
both sides of
ramps and
stairs. Handrails may be provided at dropped sidewalks
but should not be installed beyond the width of any
crossing so as not to obstruct pedestrian traffic.
 Handrails shall be installed at 900 mm and 700 mm above
stairs or ramps.
 Railings for protection should be installed at a height of 1100mm minimum,
measured from the top of the rail to the finish floor for ramps, balconies, landings or
porches which are more than 750 mm above adjacent grade. These shall be installed in
addition to the handrails required for accessible ramps
 A 300 mm long extension of the handrail shall be provided at the top and bottom
of ramps and stairs.
 Handrails and grab bars that require full grip should have an outside diameter of
38 mm (minimum) to 45 mm (maximum).
 Handrails attached to walls should have a minimum clear distance of 50 mm from
the wall. Handrails on ledges should have a minimum clear distance of 40 mm.
 Stair handrails shall be continuous throughout the entire length and around
landings less than 2100 mm in length, except where it is intersected by an alternative
path of ravel or has an entry door leading into it.

Parking

Accessible Parking Slot Requirement

Where parking spaces are required to be provided, the number of accessible

parking lots for vehicles driven by persons with disabilities or vehicles with passengers
with disabilities shall be in accordance with the table below:

Table. Accessible Parking Lot Requirement

ACCESSIBLE PARKING SLOT REQUIREMENT

TOTAL NUMBER REQUIRED NUMBER OF ACCESSIBLE PARKING

OF PARKING SLOTS
SLOT
1 – 25 1
26 – 50 2
51 – 75 3
76 – 100 4
101 – 150 5
151 – 200 6
201 – 300 7
301 – 400 8
 401 – 500 9
501 – 1000 2% OF TOTAL SPACES
1001 - OVER 20+ (1 FOR EACH 100 OR A FRACTION THEREOF
OVER 1000)

 The building management should impose appropriate sanctions for the

unauthorized use of the reserved parking slots for vehicles of PWDs.
 Parking slots for persons with disabilities should allow enough space for a person
to transfer from a vehicle to a wheelchair.
 Accessible parking slots shall be located nearest to accessible main entrances.
 PWDs should be on board the vehicle to be able to use the reserved parking
space for PWDs (for control use). In addition, an access parking sticker/card is
required with control number.
 Whenever and wherever possible, accessible parking slots should be
perpendicular or to an angle to the road or circulation aisles.
 Parallel parking is discouraged unless it can be situated so that persons entering
and exiting vehicles will be out of the flow of traffic.
 Accessible parking slots shall have:
 A minimum width of 3.70 m and a length of 5.00 m.
 A walkway with a minimum clear width of 1.20 m. provided between the front
ends of parked cars.
 Dropped sidewalks or curb ramps leading to the parking level where access
walkways are raised.

Fig. Accessible Parking Slot (Plan)

  Pavement markings, upright, pole mounted signages
 Have a firm, level surface without aeration slabs.
 Parking slots for persons with disabilities shall never be located at ramped or
sloping areas.
 For multi-storey indoor parking structures, accessible parking slots shall be
located right next to accessible elevators, or as close as possible to accessible
pedestrian entrances.
 In buildings with multiple accessible entrances with adjacent parking, accessible
parking slots shall be dispersed and located closest to the accessible entrances.
 In parking facilities that do not serve a particular building, accessible parking
shall be located on the shortest accessible route of travel to an accessible
pedestrian entrance of the parking facility.
 For all accessible parking slots, provide the following signage:
 Pole mounted parking signage, 600 mm x 600 mm in size and mounted at a
minimum clear height of 2.00 m from the parking floor.
 Pavement sign painted or marked on the designated lot complying with the
following:
a) a square with dimensions of at least 1.00 m but not more than 1.50 m;
b) to be located in the center of the accessible parking slot;
c) The International Symbol of Access shall be composed of a white symbolized
figure of a person in a wheelchair with a square background in UN Blue Color.
The symbolized figure shall always face to the right.

Note: An intercom may be installed at the vicinity of the accessible parking slot to enable
persons with disabilities to call the building management for assistance.

Way Findings

Signages
Fig. Symbol of Access

 Directional and information (Audio, Visual, and Tactile) signages shall be located
at points that can be conveniently seen, heard, and felt by all persons with
disabilities.

Fig. Signages

 Signages should be kept simple and easy to understand. Signages should be

made of contrasting colors and contrasting gray value to make detection and
reading easy.
- Tactile maps shall be provided to guide persons with visual impairment.
 The International Symbol of Access should be used to designate routes and
facilities that are accessible in combination with pictographs. Directional signs
incorporating the INTERNATIONAL SYMBOL OF ACCESS, shall be installed at
passageways, and at points where there are changes in direction to lead persons
 with disabilities to various facilities such as lifts/elevators, entrances, telephone
booths, toilets, parking and the like.

Fig. Symbols and Figures

 Should a sign protrude into a sidewalk/walkway or route, a minimum vertical

clearance of 2.00 m should be provided. Obstacles, projections or other
protrusions shall be avoided in pedestrian areas such as sidewalks/walkways,
halls, corridors, passageways or aisles. Pedestrians with visual impairments
often travel using the edge of the building line, hence, objects mounted on walls,
posts, or sides of buildings, should therefore not protrude more than 100 mm into
sidewalks/walkways and corridors.
 Signs (graphics, text, and Braille) on walls and doors should be installed at a
maximum height of 1.50 m from the finish floor to the center of the sign.

Fig. Sign on Doors

  Signs shall incorporate graphic, text, and Braille.

Fig. Raised Letters and Symbols

 Signs and labels for public rooms, areas, and places should have tactile symbols,
letters or numbers that should be embossed with a minimum height of 1 mm;
Braille symbols shall be incorporated in signs indicating public places and safety
routes.
 Tactile Ground Surface Indicators
- Positional, directional, and warning tactile blocks must be provided to warn
people with visual impairments that they are approaching:
 Stairways, other than fire exit stairs
 Passenger conveyors or moving walks
 Ramps other than fire-exit ramps, curb ramps, swimming pool ramps
 In the absence of suitable protective barriers:
a. overhead obstructions less than 2.0 m above floor level
b. areas where pedestrian and vehicular traffic intersect.
 Tactile warning indicators should have a 50% contrasting gray value from
adjacent floor finishes.

Tactile Blocks
Proportion

 Tactile letters and numbers on signs shall have a width to height ratio
between 3:5 and 1:1 and a stroke width to height ratio between 1:5 and
1:10

 Letters and numerals shall be raised 0.75mm, upper case, sans serif or
simple serif type and shall be accompanied with Grade 2 Braille. Raised
characters shall be at least 16mm high, but no higher than 50mm.
Pictograms shall be accompanied by the equivalent verbal description
placed directly below the pictogram. The border dimension of the pictogram
shall be 150mm minimum in height.

Finish and Constrast

 The characters and background of signs shall be eggshell, matt or other

non-glare finish. Characters and symbols shall contrast with their
background – either light characters on a dark background or dark
characters on a light background

Fig. Type of Tactile Blocks

Fig. Warning Tactile Block Details

Fig. Positional Tactile Block Details

Fig. Directional Tactile Block Details

Stairs

 Uniform risers of 150 mm (maximum) and treads of 300 mm (minimum) shall be

used.
 Tread surfaces shall be of slip-resistant material; nosings shall be slip resistant to
further minimize slipping.
 Slanted nosings are preferred than protruding nosings so as not to pose difficulty
for people using crutches or braces whose feet have a tendency to get caught in
protruding nosings.
 Open stringers shall be avoided.
  The leading edge of each step on both runner and riser should be marked with a
paint or non-skid material that has a color and gray value which is in high
contrast to the gray value of the rest of the stairs.
 A tactile strip 300 mm wide shall be installed before hazardous areas such as
sudden changes in floor levels and at the top, bottom and intermediate landings
of stairs; special care must be taken to ensure the proper mounting or adhesion
of tactile strips so as not to cause accidents.
 Handrails shall be installed at 900 mm and 700 mm above stair treads. A 300
mm long extension of the handrail should be provided at the top and bottom, of
stairs.
 Stair handrails shall be continuous throughout the entire length and extend not
less than 300 mm beyond the top and bottom step.

Fig. Preferred Stair Design

Fig. Stair Design

Outside and Around Buildings

1. Dropped Sidewalks
 Dropped sidewalks should be provided at pedestrian crossings and at the end of
walkways of a private street or access road.
 Dropped sidewalks at crossings shall have a width corresponding to the width of
the crossing.
 For crossings and walkways less than 1.50 m. in width, the base/level surface at
the bottom of the ramp shall have a minimum depth of 1.50 m. with a width
corresponding to the width of the crossing.

For crossings and walkways less than 1.50 m. in width, the base/level surface at the
bottom of the ramp shall have a minimum width corresponding to the width of the
crossing (4.00 M minimum for national roads and as mandated by Local ordinances for
local roads).

Fig. Dropped Sidewalk

Fig. Variations of Dropped Sidewalk

Fig. Variations of Dropped Sidewalk

  Dropped sidewalks shall be sloped towards the road with a maximum cross
gradient of 1:100 (1%) to prevent water from collecting.

Fig. Section of Dropped Sidewalk

 The difference in elevation between the base/level area of a dropped sidewalk

from the road or gutter shall not exceed 19 mm. 1.6 Provide the following
signage:
 Pole mounted signage, 600 mm x 600 mm in size and mounted at a minimum
clear height of 2.00 m from the sidewalk floor. Pole mounted signs (planted)
should not obstruct the path of pedestrians. {Refer to DPWH Guidelines (Road
Signs and
Pavement Marking Manual) for installing pole mounted signs on sidewalks.}
 Pavement sign painted or marked on the ramp complying with the following:
a. a square with dimensions of at least 600 mm (for ramps less than 1.20 m
wide) but not more than 800 mm (for ramps 1.20 m. and wider);
b. be located at the center of each ramp;
c. the color of the International Symbol of Access shall be white on a blue
background.
Curb Ramps

 Curb ramps shall only be allowed when it will not obstruct a sidewalk/ walkway or
in a way lessen the width of a sidewalk/ walkway or lessen the level/ turning area
1.50 m x 1.50 m Curb ramps shall only be allowed if the width of sidewalk/
walkways is more than 3.30 m with a corresponding curb height of 150 mm,
otherwise dropped sidewalks shall be used.
 For drop off points for persons with disabilities at loading bays, the minimum
width of a curb ramp should be 900 mm.

Fig. Curb Ramp with Gradient

 Curb ramps shall have a gradient not steeper than 1:12

 Provide the following signage:
 Pole mounted signage, 600 mm x 600 mm in size and mounted at a minimum
clear height of 2.00 m from the sidewalk floor. Pole mounted signs (planted)
 should not obstruct the path of pedestrian. (Refer to DPWH guidelines for
installing pole mounted signs on sidewalks.)
 Pavement sign painted or marked on the ramp complying with the following:
a. a square with dimensions of at least 600 mm (for ramps less than 1.20 m
wide) but not more than 800 mm (for ramps 1.20 m. and wider);
b. be located in the center of the ramp;
c. the color of the International Symbol of Access shall be white on a blue
background.
Sidewalk and Walkways

 The gradient along the length of sidewalks/walkways should be kept as level as

possible and shall make use of slip resistant material. Slip resistant materials
shall have a Coefficient of Friction of 0.6 for level surfaces and 0.8 for sloping
surfaces (ASTM).
 Whenever and wherever possible, sidewalks/walkways should have a gradient
not steeper than 1:20 or 5%.
 Sidewalks/walkways should have a maximum cross gradient of 1:100 or 1%
 Sidewalks/walkways shall have a minimum width of 1.20 meters.
Fig. Sidewalk / Walkway
 If possible, gratings should never
be located along
sidewalks/walkways. When
occurring along
sidewalks/walkways, grills of
grating openings shall:
a. be perpendicular to line of
travel
b. has a maximum center to
center dimension spacing of 13
mm between members;
c. not project nor be recessed more than 6mm above or below the level of the
sidewalk/walkway.
 Sidewalks/walkways should have a continuing surface without abrupt pitches in
angle or interruptions by cracks or breaks creating edges above 6 mm.
  In lengthy or busy sidewalks/walkways, spaces should be provided at some point
along the route so that a wheelchair may pass another or turn around. These
spaces should have a minimum clear dimension of 1.50 m and should be spaced
at a maximum distance of 12.00 m between rest stops.

Fig. Rest Stop / Turning Space

 To guide the person with visual impairment, sidewalks/walkways should as much

as possible follow straightforward routes with right angle turns.

Fig. Directional Tactile Blocks

  Where planting is provided adjacent to the sidewalk/walkway, regular trimming is
essential to ensure that branches of trees or shrubs do not extend beyond
sidewalks/walkways or paths, as not only do these present a particular danger to
the person with visual impairment, but they also reduce the effective
sidewalk/walkway width available to pedestrians in general
 Sidewalk/walkway headroom should not be less than 2.00 m and preferably
higher.
 Sidewalks/walkways should not be obstructed by street furniture, bollards, sign
posts or columns along the defined route as they can be hazardous to persons
with disabilities.

Open Spaces

4.1 Where open spaces are provided, persons with visual impairment can become
particularly disoriented. Therefore, it is extremely helpful if sidewalks/walkways or paths
can be given defined edges either through the use of planters with dwarf walls, or a
grass verge, or similar, which provides a texture different from the path. Tactile
surfaces/markings should be provided.
4.2 Provide Pedestrian Dominated Priority Zones in commercial complexes, to create a
feeling of safety particularly persons with disabilities.
Crossings

In order to reduce the exposure time to vehicular traffic, all crossings at grade shall:
 Be as perpendicular as possible to the carriageway.
 Be located at the narrowest, most convenient part of the carriageway for mid-
block crossings.
 Have a median/island of at least 1.5 m in depth, preferably 200 mm, provided as
a pedestrian refuge, where the width of carriageway to be crossed exceeds 10.0
m or at least 4 lanes.

Fig. Directional Tactile Blocks at Crossings

5.4 Pedestrian crossings shall not be located at street corners but at a minimum
distance of 2000 mm from the corner.
5.5 Provide directional tactile strips in the immediate vicinity of crossings as an aid to
persons with visual impairment.

Fig. Directional Tactile Blocks on Crossings

  Secondary national and local roads with pedestrian crossings shall be provided
with light controlled pedestrian crossing signals with synchronized audible
pedestrian traffic signals.
 The audible signal used for crossings should be easily distinguishable from other
sounds in the environment to prevent confusion to persons with visual
impairment. A prolonged sound should be audible to warn persons with visual
impairment that the lights are about to change.
 The flashing green period required for the person with disability should be
determined on the basis of a walking speed of 900 mm/sec. rather than 1200
mm/sec. which is what is normally used. The minimum period for the steady
green (for pedestrians) should be the crossing distance times 900 mm/sec.
(Refer to Traffic Engineering Center Guidelines for pedestrians with Disabilities).

Inside Buildings and Structures

1. Accessible Entrances
 Entrances shall be accessible from arrival and departure points to the interior
lobby.
 One (1) entrance level should be provided where elevators are accessible.
  In case entrances are not on the same level of the site arrival grade, accessible
ramps should be provided as access to the entrance level. 1.4 Entrances with
vestibules shall be provided with a level area with at least a 1.80 m. depth and a
1.50 m. width.

Fig. Ramp with Warning Tactile Blocks

 In cases where frameless transparent glass doors and any other vertical
transparent glass panels are provided, such glass panels should be provided
with horizontal or graphical patterns with contrasting gray value color against
adjacent and background colors, between 800 mm and 1.50 m. above the floor to
prevent PWDs from bumping against it.
 Accessible entrance/exit of a building shall be provided with large overhanging
roof (canopy) to protect PWDs as well as non-PWDs from rain.

Fig. Entrance with Vestibules

2. Doors
 All doors shall have a minimum clear width of 900 mm.
 Clear openings shall be measured from the face of a fully open door at 90
degrees and the door jamb
 Lever type locksets should be operable by a pressure or force not more than 1.0
kg; the door closer device pressure on an interior door shall not exceed 4.0 kg.
 A minimum clear level space of 1500 mm x 1500 mm shall be provided before
and extending beyond a door;

Fig. Door Details

  Out-swinging doors should be provided at storage rooms, closets, toilets and
accessible restroom stalls.
 Latching or non-latching hardware should not require wrist action or fine finger
manipulation.
 Lever type locksets and other hardware should be located between 20 mm and
1.06 m above the floor; 900 mm is preferred.
 Vertical pull handles, centered at 1.06 m above the floor, are preferred to
horizontal pull bars for swing doors or doors with locking devices.
 Doors along major circulation routes should be provided with kick plates made of
durable materials at a height of 300 mm to 400 mm.
 For doors with peepholes, provide a secondary peephole at a height of 1.1 m
from the finish floor for wheelchair user

Threshold

Fig. Thresholds

 Thresholds shall be kept to a minimum;

whenever necessary, thresholds and
sliding door tracks shall have a maximum
height of 19 mm and shall be beveled if
higher than 6 mm with a gradient of 1:8.
Switches

Fig. Switches

 Manual switches shall be positioned

within 920 mm to 1.20 m above the
floor
 Manual switches should be located no
further than 200 mm from the latch
side of the do

Corridors

 Corridors shall have minimum clear width of 1.20 m to allow for both a wheelchair
user and a Non-PWD to pass. Where space is required for two (2) wheelchairs to
pass, the minimum width shall be 1.80 m.
 Turnabout spaces should be provided for wheelchairs to turn around; these
spaces shall have a minimum dimension of 1500 mm x 1500 mm and shall be
spaced at a maximum of 12.00 m
 Turnabout spaces should also be provided at or within 3.50 m. of every dead end
corridor.
 As in walkways, corridors should be maintained level and provided with a slip
resistant surface.

Toilets and Baths

 Accessible public toilets shall permit easy passage of a wheelchair and allow the
occupant to enter a toilet compartment, close the door and transfer to the water
closet from either a frontal or lateral transfer.
  The minimum number of accessible toilet compartments on each floor level or on
that part of a floor level accessible to persons with disabilities shall be one (1)
where the total number of water closets per set on that level is 20; and two (2)
where the number of water closets exceeds 20.
 Accessible toilet compartments shall have the following:
 A minimum area of 1.70 m x 1.80 m.
 One (1) flip-up grab bar to be mounted on the wide side of the compartment
adjacent to the water closet and be at a height between 280 mm and 300 mm
from the top of the water closet seat and extend not more than 100 mm in line
with the front of the water closet. One (1) vertical bar to be provided on the side
wall close to the water closet and located between 350 mm and 450 mm from the
front edge. Center line of water closet (top view) is 750 mm from finish to wall to
grab bar.
 A turning space of 2.25 sq. m with a minimum dimension of 1500 mm for
wheelchair users shall be provided outside water closet cubicles.
 Accessories such as mirrors, paper dispensers, towel racks and fittings such as
faucets mounted at heights reachable by wheelchair users. Toilet accessories
such as mirrors, towel and soap dispensers, hand dryer, waste bin should be
encouraged to have a color contrast. Accessories should be placed near the
accessible lavatory.
 For lighting/illumination levels, please refer to the Philippine Electrical Code.

Fig. Accessible Toilet for PWD

  A turning space of 2.25 sq. m
with a minimum dimension of
1500 mm. for wheelchair shall
be provided for toilet
compartments for lateral
mounting.
 All accessible public toilets shall
have accessories such as
mirrors, paper dispensers, towel
racks and fittings such as
faucets mounted at heights
reachable by a wheelchair user.
Toilet accessories such as
mirrors, towel and soap dispensers, hand dryer, waste bin shall be encouraged
to have a color contrast.
 Accessories should be placed near the accessible basin. Lighting/illumination
should be fixed.
 Water closets and lavatories should use colors of lighter contrasting grey value to
tiles to aid people with low vision impairment.
 The height of toilet seat shall be 450 mm.
 A lavatory shall be installed at 460 mm distance from center line to adjacent wall.
Lavatories shall be mounted at a height of 800 mm from the finish floor with a
vertical clear leg room space not lower than 650 mm.

L- TYPE GRAB BAR

 Urinals shall be of the wall-hung type and should have an elongated lip; the
maximum height of the lip should be 480 mm from the toilet floor. It shall have a
minimum clear floor space of 750 mm wide (wing to wing) by 1200 mm (between
grab bar and wall) and privacy shields of 750 mm.
 Toilet doors shall be designed to open outwards so that it would be easier for a
rescuer to enter a toilet cubicle if a person has fallen and is lying behind the door.
 To allow for assistance in case of emergency, locks and latches should allow the
door to be opened from the outside with a coin or any simple device.

Fig. Accessible Urinal and Lavatory

Stairs
 Uniform risers of 150 mm (maximum) and treads of 300 mm (minimum) shall be
used.
 Tread surfaces shall be of slip-resistant material; no sings shall be slip resistant
to further minimize slipping.
 Slanted no sings are preferred than protruding no sings so as not to pose
difficulty for people using crutches or braces whose feet have a tendency to get
caught in protruding no sings.
 Open stringers shall be avoided.
 The leading edge of each step on both runner and riser should be marked with a
paint or non-skid material that has a color and gray value which is in high
contrast to the gray value of the rest of the stairs.
 A tactile strip 300 mm wide shall be installed before hazardous areas such as
sudden changes in floor levels and at the top, bottom and intermediate landings
 of stairs; special care must be taken to ensure the proper mounting or adhesion
of tactile strips so as not to cause accidents.
 Handrails shall be installed at 900 mm and 700 mm above stair treads. A 300
mm long extension of the handrail should be provided at the top and bottom, of
stairs.
 Stair handrails shall be continuous throughout the entire length and extend not
less than 300 mm beyond the top and bottom step.