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Geography Notes: El Niño, La Niña, India

The document provides an overview of significant geographical phenomena such as El Niño and La Niña, detailing their effects on global weather patterns. It also covers tides, important canals, and basic geography of India, including its borders, states, national symbols, and climate. Key facts include India's size, time zone, and the impact of monsoons on rainfall.

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2 views6 pages

Geography Notes: El Niño, La Niña, India

The document provides an overview of significant geographical phenomena such as El Niño and La Niña, detailing their effects on global weather patterns. It also covers tides, important canals, and basic geography of India, including its borders, states, national symbols, and climate. Key facts include India's size, time zone, and the impact of monsoons on rainfall.

Uploaded by

ash123456789ashly
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Geography Smart Notes

El Niño
El Niño is a climate phenomenon where the Pacific Ocean near the western coast of South
America becomes unusually warm. This causes major changes in wind and weather
patterns across the world. • Less rainfall in India and Southeast Asia • More rainfall in
South America

La Niña
La Niña is the opposite of El Niño. The Pacific Ocean becomes colder than usual. • More
rainfall in India and Southeast Asia • Less rainfall in South America
Tides
Tides are the rise and fall of sea levels caused mainly by the gravitational pull of the Moon
and the Sun. • High Tide: Sea level rises • Low Tide: Sea level falls
Important Canals of the World
• Suez Canal – Connects the Mediterranean Sea and Red Sea • Panama Canal –
Connects the Pacific Ocean and Atlantic Ocean • Kiel Canal – Connects the North Sea
and Baltic Sea
India — Basic Geography
• Located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere • Area: 3.29 million sq km • 7th largest
country in the world • Indian Standard Time: UTC + 5:30 • Tropic of Cancer passes
through India

Indian Borders
• Longest border shared with Bangladesh (4,096 km) • Total land border length: 15,200 km
Indian States & Union Territories
• Largest State (Area): Rajasthan • Largest UT (Area): Ladakh • Most Populated State:
Uttar Pradesh • Least Populated State: Sikkim

National Symbols of India


• National Animal: Bengal Tiger • National Bird: Peacock • National Tree: Banyan •
National Flower: Lotus • National Anthem: Jana Gana Mana
Climate of India
Weather: Daily atmospheric condition Climate: Long-term weather pattern of an area
Monsoon: • 75% of India’s rainfall comes from the monsoon • Arabian Sea branch causes
heavy rain on Western Ghats

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