D EPARTMENT OF I NFORMATION S YSTEMS
C OMPUTER S CIENCE FACULTY
K ABUL U NIVERSITY
Lecture 01. Introduction to Java Programming
Adapted from Java How To Program, 9th Edition, Paul & Harvey Deitel,
Deitel & Associates, inc.
By: Hedayat || Monday, Sept 30, 2024
O UTLINE
¡ Programming languages
¡ Introduction to Java
¡ Why Java
¡ Object Oriented Programming
¡ What is Java Platform
¡ How does Java compile programs
¡ Set the environment
¡ The first Java program
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W HAT IS A PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE?
¡ A programming language is an artificial language designed to communicate
instructions to a machine, particularly a computer.
¡ Programming languages can be used to create programs that control the
behavior of a machine and/or to express algorithms precisely.
¡ Examples: Java, C, C++, Visual Basic, Python …
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W HAT IS JAVA?
¡ Java is a programming language originally developed by James Gosling at Sun
Microsystems.
¡ Released in 1995 as a core component of Sun Microsystems' Java platform.
¡ The language derives much of its syntax from C and C++ but has a simpler object
model and fewer low-level facilities.
¡ Java applications are typically compiled to byte code (class file) that can run on
any Java Virtual Machine (JVM) regardless of computer architecture.
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W HAT IS JAVA?
¡ Java is a general-purpose, concurrent, class-based, object-oriented language that
is specifically designed to have as few implementation dependencies as possible.
¡ It is intended to let application developers "write once, run anywhere".
¡ Java is currently one of the most popular programming languages in use,
particularly for client-server web applications.
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W HY JAVA?
¡ Advantages and features:
¡ Platform independent
¡ Class Libraries
¡ Automatic Garbage Collection
¡ Java EE –Dynamic Web Application
¡ Java ME – Micro Edition for cell phone and PDA applications
¡ Java SE – Standard Edition
¡ Object Oriented Programming
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S O, WHAT IS OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
¡ Object-oriented programming(OOP) is a programming paradigm using
"objects" – data structures consisting of data fields and methods together with
their interactions – to design applications and computer programs.
¡ Programming techniques may include features such as data abstraction,
encapsulation, messaging, modularity, polymorphism, and inheritance.
¡ Many modern programming languages now support OOP, at least as an option.
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W HAT IS JAVA P LATFORM?
¡ An edition of the Java platform is the name for a bundle of related programs from
Sun that allow for developing and running programs written in the Java
programming language.
¡ The platform is not specific to any one processor or operating system, but rather
an execution engine (called a virtual machine) and a compiler with a set of
libraries that are implemented for various hardware (called a virtual machine)
and operating systems so that Java programs can run identically on all of them.
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W HAT IS JAVA P LATFORM?
¡ The Java Platform consists of several programs, each of which provides a distinct
portion of its overall capabilities.
¡ For example, the Java compiler, which converts Java source code into Java byte code, is
provided as part of the Java Development Kit (JDK).
¡ The Java Runtime Environment (JRE), complementing the JVM with a just-in-time
(JIT) compiler, converts intermediate byte code into native machine code on the
fly.
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T HE JVM AND JRE
¡ A Java Virtual Machine is a piece of software that is implemented on non-virtual
hardware and on standard operating systems.
¡ Java's execution environment is termed the Java Runtime Environment, or JRE.
¡ It executes .class and .jar files by using the just-in time (JIT) compiler.
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T HE SDK
¡ The JDK has as its primary components a collection of programming tools,
including:
¡ java – the loader for Java applications. This tool is an interpreter and can interpret the
class files generated by the javac compiler. Now a single launcher is used for both
development and deployment. The old deployment launcher, jre, no longer comes
with Sun JDK.
¡ javac – the compiler, which converts source code into Java byte code.
¡ javadoc – the documentation generator, which automatically generates
documentation from source code comments
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C OMPILATION P ROCESS
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T HE F IRST PROGRAM
public class HelloWorld {
public static void main(String args[]){
[Link]("Hello World!");
}
¡ Note that String is built in
¡ println is a member function for the [Link] class
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RUNNING THE PROGRAM
¡ Set the environment, Install java on your machine,
¡ Configuring CLI to run java program
¡ setting up PATH variable
¡ Using an IDE (Eclipse, Netbeans)
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TO S UM UP
¡ You now know:
¡ Programming languages
¡ What is Java
¡ Advantages of Java
¡ Object Oriented Programming
¡ What is Java Platform
¡ How does Java compile programs
¡ The first Java program
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T HE E ND
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