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Isothermal Reactor Design Basics

Chapter 6 discusses isothermal reactor design focusing on moles and molar flow rates, emphasizing the importance of using concentration and molar flow rates in mole balances for different reaction types. It covers unsteady-state operations of reactors, including CSTR and semibatch reactors, and introduces membrane reactors that enhance product yields in thermodynamically limited reactions. The chapter also differentiates between inert membrane reactors and catalytic membrane reactors based on their operational characteristics and roles in chemical processes.

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Chaohong Wang
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6 views3 pages

Isothermal Reactor Design Basics

Chapter 6 discusses isothermal reactor design focusing on moles and molar flow rates, emphasizing the importance of using concentration and molar flow rates in mole balances for different reaction types. It covers unsteady-state operations of reactors, including CSTR and semibatch reactors, and introduces membrane reactors that enhance product yields in thermodynamically limited reactions. The chapter also differentiates between inert membrane reactors and catalytic membrane reactors based on their operational characteristics and roles in chemical processes.

Uploaded by

Chaohong Wang
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Ch.

6 Isothermal Reactor Design: Moles and Molar Flow Rates Chemical Reaction Engineering 2023

Chapter 6 Isothermal Reactor Design: Moles and Molar Flow Rates


※ Design equations in terms of concentration and molar flow rate

．In some cases, it is much more convenient to work in terms of NA, FA, and CA rather than XA.
．For conc. and molar flow rate, the mole balance is done on each and every species.
．In liquid-phase reactions, because of no volume change, conce. is the preferred variable.
．In gas-phase reactions, NA (batch reactor) and FA (flow reactors) are the preferred variable.

※ Unsteady-state Operation of Reactors

Startup of CSTR (1st-order reaction, v = v0)

Semibatch reactors ( v = v0 )

Mole balance for A Mole balance for B

Mass balance

Mole balance for C dC A v


 rA  o C A
dt V
dC B v
rB  o (C B0  C B )
dt V
Reactive distillation dCC vo
 rC  (CC )
dt V

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Ch.6 Isothermal Reactor Design: Moles and Molar Flow Rates Chemical Reaction Engineering 2023

Mole balance for A

Mole balance for D

d ( V )
0  FD ( MW ) D  0 
dt
dV F ( MW ) D
 constant  D
dt 

Special case

D immediate evaporation, CD = 0 ,

Mass balance, liquid, ρ constant

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Ch.6 Isothermal Reactor Design: Moles and Molar Flow Rates Chemical Reaction Engineering 2023

Membrane reactors

．Usually in a chemical process, the separation of wanted and unwanted species are carried out in
a separation vessel downstream of a reactor.
．Catalytic membrane reactor can be used to increase the yields of products from reactions that
are thermodynamically limited, i.e. from reversible reactions.
．Exothermic reaction ．Endothermic reaction

, slow reaction Catalyst become deactivated

※ IMRCF (Inert Membrane Reactor with Catalyst on Feed Side)

．Reaction is effected by the catalyst present as a pellet or packing.


．Membrane is inert and merely allows selective permeation of
a particular species.
．The feed side can be treated simply as a PBR

※ CMR (Catalytic Membrane Reactor)

．Reaction occurs on the membrane surface which acts as a catalyst


．Membrane is not inert and allows both the selective permeation
of a particular species and the reaction catalysis
．The feed side can be treated simply as a PFR.

membrane

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