Review Unit 2
Biodiversit
2.1 - Introduction to Biodiversity
a. Define genetic diversity and provide an example: The variance ofyenes or
traits of a
The
a
population
. Eg. beak size in
sparrows.
b. Explain how high genetic diversity for the trait you identified in part (a) would be beneficial to the
population: The different beak size of sparrows will allow those who has long beek
to comme food in case of a natural diaster
bigger . This will help
prevent the extinction of
the sparrow population .
c. Explain the difference between species richness and species evenness:
species riches is is the number of animals you in fin in can an ecosystem where
how distributed these specig earsystem .
are
specie eveness evenly an
d. Define ecosystem diversity:
The variance of different ecosystem in a
given area
.
e. Identify the relationship between ecosystem diversity and species diversity:
The more divers the ecosystem is it means that the more divece the specs are base
different ecosystems will have different species
quite
2.2 - Ecosystem Services
a. Describe provisioning services using an
example from an ocean ecosystem:
People would fish in the ocean
b. Describe supporting services using an example
from a grassland ecosystem: The can
grass
provide oxygen through photosyn .
c. Describe regulating services using an example
from a wetland ecosystem:
Absorb access storm water ,
filth
pollutants
.
d. Describe cultural services using an example
from a tropical rainforest ecosystem:
Tourism benefits such as resort beas
of .
beaches
Review Unit 2
Biodiversit
2.3 - Island Biogeography
a. Identify the two rules of the Theory of
Island Biogeography:
① Larger islands more total
support
species
mained support more species
.
② Island close to .
b. Explain what accounts for each of these
rules: ① ecosystem more food R hab.
Bigger
-
to
for colonizing organism get from
② Easier
island from mainland.
c. Explain why islands generally have a
higher percentage of specialist species:
have a smalle ecosystem
They
there we limited food and
meaning that
leading
resources to a more narrow
food selection .
Review Unit 2
Biodiversit
2.4 - Ecological Tolerance
a. Define each of the following zones:
i. Optimal range: Range where organisms
survive,
grow,
and reproduce
but still extrine
ii. Zone of physiological stress: zore where organisms survive
stress such as lack ofgauth or infertility
iii. Zone of intolerance: zove where
organisms die
b. Explain the ecological range of tolerance a plant species has for soil moisture:
Less water not enough water for
:
platsyothers
Tooach wate = not enough exigen for photosyn
.
c. Describe how high genetic diversity in the plant population above would be advantageous in the
event of a drought: The length of the ros of plant will incess survival rate becom
a
can so deeps which has more water compad to surface
.
2.5 - Natural Ecosystem Disruption
a. Identify an example of a periodic, episodic,
and random event: Periodic
episodic (huricane fires
,
(Dry-net
seasons
random : Curkanic euption
b. Describe one way that earth’s orbit around
the sun changes naturally over time
how much earth fith toward
obliquity -
from the .
sun
or
away
c. Explain how variation in earth’s orbit
influence global climate:
how the sun is
the climate
Depending or
could change
.
d. Identify the relationship between global
atmospheric temperature and sea level:
High temp & matted icebuys -> sealed &
e. Explain one cause for the relationship you
identified above:
positive correlation
Review Unit 2
Biodiversit
2.6 - Adaptations
a. Define adaptation: A new trait that increas an
organism's fitness
O
b. Describe the selective pressure that selected
for opposable thumb arrangement in Homo
habilis:
c. Describe an adaptation in a tundra species:
Tunira mamals have adapted to
think for which allow the to
survive in low temps.
Review Unit 2
Biodiversit
2.7 - Ecological Succession
a. Describe how moss and lichen are able to colonize bare rock: They relove acid that
whether the wick providing necisms untrient .
slow-growings large
b. Describe the central process of ecological succession:
species
Rapidly growing pioner species are replied by
over
time.
c. Describe the difference between primary and secondary succession:
Primary succession starts from sue rouls.
secondry begins with a
recently disturbed myster with soil .
d. Describe the characteristics of pioneer species and provide an example:
Rapidly growing and sof there by wind Moss and liches
eg
.
e. Describe the characteristics of climax community species and provide an example:
Slow growing , shade tolerant , large fres ex : redwards , sugar maple
vitalre has lage
An organism that plays
or
a
a
.
pop
f. Define keystone species:
it would ecological instability or collapse.
Removing came
g. Identify an example of a top predator keystone species and an ecosystem engineer keystone-
species:
① Grizzly ben Modifies habitat
capture lot of CO2
② Mangrove
a
->
h. Describe one example of how the removal of a keystone species could destabilize an ecosystem: