Year 2024

Group B
Attempt any SIX questions. [6x5=30]
2. Define software process model. Explain software development life cycle. [1+4]
3. Explain call by value and call by reference with suitable example. [2.5+2.5]
4. What is dynamic memory allocation? What are the limitations of static memory allocation?
Explain Malloc() and calloc() function with example. [1+1+3]
5. What is recursion? Write a program to display Fibonacci series up to 15th term using
recursion. [1+4]
6. Explain null pointer and void pointer with suitable example. [2.5+2.5]
7. Write a program to draw a circle and rectangle with text "BCA Exam 2081" using
graphics function. [5]
8. What do you mean by conditional statement? Write a program to calculate sum and average
of weight of five persons using an array. [1+4]
Group C
Attempt any TWO Questions [2x10=20]
9. Define cohesion and coupling. What do you mean by keywords, operators and header files?
Describe the types of operator used in C programming. [2+3+5]
10. Why do we need a break and continue statement? Differentiate between binary file and text
file? Suppose a file named "[Link]" contains a list of integers. Write a program to
extract the prime numbers from that file and write them on a “[Link]” file. [2+3+5]
11. Differentiate between structure and union. Create a structure “Employee” having Name,
Department, Address, Salary, and Age as member functions. Display the name of employee
having aged between 30 and 50 are living in Kathmandu [3+7]
Year 2023
Group B
Attempt any SIX questions. [6x5=30]
2. What type of programming approach is followed by the C program? Write the necessary steps
for the Program Development Life Cycle (PDLC). [1+4]
3 Is the break keyword mandatory in the switch statement? List the operators used in C based on
utility. Explain the concept of a logical operator with an example. [1+1+3]
4. What is nested loop? Write the difference between formatted and unformatted I/O operations
in C. [1+4]
5. What is DMA? List out the memory management function used in the C program. Using DMA
write a program to find the sum of N numbers. [1+1+3]
6. Write a C program to read a string from the keyboard and reverse it without using string
handling function. [5]
7. What is the difference between a binary file and a text file? Write a C program to copy the
contents of a [Link] file into another file called [Link]. [2+3]
8. What is the use of initgraph() in the C program? Write a C program to draw a circle, rectangle
and ellipse using the graphics functions with a green background and red foreground. [1+4]
Group C
Attempt any TWO questions. [2×10=20]
9. Explain different method of passing argument to a function. Write a C program to print
by Fibonacci sequence up to n- terms using Recursive function. [2+8]
10 What is pointer? Write a C program that uses pointers to store cricket player's data(name, age,
position and height) and display them. [2+8]
11, What do you mean by nested structure? Create a structure named Book with members ISBN,
Tittle, author and price. Use this structure to read records of 10 books and display the record of
book having highest and lowest price [10]
Year 2022
Group B
Attempt any SIX questions
2. Define programming technique. Differentiate between top-down and bottom-up approach
with suitable example.
3. Define Data Types. Explain different data types available in C Programming.
4. Explain bitwise and conditional operator with example.
5. Write a program to print the following pattern using loop.
U
UN
UNI
UNIV
UNIVE
UNIVER
UNIVERS
UNIVERSI
UNIVERSIT
UNIVERSITY
6. Define Array. Write a program to search an element from an array of 10 numbers.
7. Define function Write a program that find xy using function.
8. Define pointer. Write a program to find sum of 10 numbers using pointer.
Group C
Attempt any TWO questions.
9. What are the characteristics of a good program? Explain types of languages processor.
Explain any two system design tools.
10. Define file opening modes. Write a program to delete specific record from a file.
11. Differentiate between structure and Union. Locate a structure named student with
members roll no, name, address. Write a program that displays name of only those
students whose address is Kathmandu
Year 2021
Group B
Attempt any six questions.[6*5=30]
2. Write a C program to generate the following output using loop.[5]
10101
0101
101
01
1
3 How will you define pointer? Write a program that illustrate how pointer variable change the
value of normal variable.[2+3]
4. Write a C program to calculate sum of the natural number up to N number using recursive
function.[5]

5. Write a C program to to calculate following expressions: [5]

6. Write a C program to copy the contents of a [Link] file into another file called [Link].[5]
7. Why do you use DMA instead of array? Explain DMA with suitable example.[2+3]
8. Write a C program to generate following output using graphics
functions.

Group C
Attempt any TWO questions.[2*10=20]
9. Write a C program to store the player name, runs scored, wickets taken of 20 cricketers using
structure along with pointer then arrange in order of maximum wickets to minimum wickets they
had taken. [10]
10. Write a C program to generate following series using function:

11. Define SDLC. Explain software process models.[2+8]

Year 2020
Group B
Attempt any SIX questions.[6*5=30]
2. What are keywords? Explain the compiling process of C program.[1+4]
3. Differentiate between iteration and recursion.[5]
4. Define an array? Write a program to generate the following output using loop.[1+4]
1
12
123
1234
12345
[Link] operator. Explain any four types of operators available in C?
[Link] function is required in C programming? Write a program to find smallest
number from the array using function.[1+4]
7. Why DMA is used in C language? Write a program to enter age of 20 students and count age
between 18 and 25 from the array using DMA functions.[5]
8. Write a C program to generate the following output graphic functions.[5]

Group C
Attempt any Two questions.[2*10=20]
9. What is union? Write a C program to enter bid,title,price,pages of 100 book into structure
variable called book and sort them in descending order on the basis of their title with use of
pointer.[2+8]
[Link] is the use of data file in C? Write a program to accept 100 numbers from user and store
them in [Link] file(if number is odd) or [Link](If number is even) then display odd numbers
reading from [Link] file.[1+9]
11. What do you mean by System design tools? Explain any four design tools with suitable
examples.[2+8]
Year 2019
Group B
Attempt any Six questions.[6*5=30]
2. What is computer programming? Differentiate between top down and bottom up approach of
programming.[1+4]
3. What is the purpose of size of operator? Write a C program to swap the value of two integers
without using third variable.[2+3]
4. Write a program in C to find all possible roots of quadratic equation ax^2+bx+c=0 ?.[5]
[Link] an array is required in programming? Write a C program to input age of 30 employees
into array and find out second largest age from array.[1+4]
6. What is recursive function? Write C program to generate the Fibonacci series upto 13th term
using recursive function.[1+4]
7. What is the advantage of pointer? Write a C program to store 10 integers into memory and find
out minimum and maximum using dynamic memory allocation(DMA).[1+4]
8. What is the use of initgraph() in C program? Write a program to draw line and circle and
rectangle using graphic function.[1+4]
Group C
Attempt any Two questions.[2*10=20]
9. What is structure? Write a C program to enter id,name and address of 25 employee into
structure variable called employee and sort them in ascending order on the basis of their name
with use of pointer.[2+8]
[Link] break keyword mandatory in switch statement? Write a program to calculate the basic
arithmetic operations (+,-,*,/) using switch case statement.[2+8]
11. What do you mean by Software Development Life Cycle? Explain waterfall model with its
advantage and disadvantage.[2+8]
Year 2018
Group B
Attempt any SIX questions. [6x5 = 30]
2. What is software process model? Differentiate between cohesion and coupling in
programming. [1+4]
3. Define keyword and identifiers. Explain rules for defining valid identifiers. [2+3]
4. List the operators used in C on the basis of utility. Explain the concept of bitwise operator.
[2+3]
5. Differentiate between while loop and do while loop. Write a C program to find input number is
prime or composite. [2+3]
6. What is DMA? Write a program to find the largest and smallest number in a list of N number
using DMA. 1+4]
7. What is difference between binary file and text file? Write a C program to write some text
"Welcome to BCA program" in a file [Link]. [2+3]
8. Explain any four graphics functions in C. Write a program to draw two concentric circles with
center (50, 50) and radius 75 and 125. [2+3]
Group-C
Attempt any two questions [2x10=20]
9. What is one dimensional array? How it is initialized? Write a C program to find the sum of
two matrix of order m×n. [1+1+8]
10. Define structure and union? Write a C program using structure that reads the records of 35
students with members roll, name, address and makes and display the record of students who
have obtained greater than 250 marks. [2+8]
11. What is function? List its advantages. Explain the concept of function call by value and
function call by reference with example. [1+2+7]