Ghana Immunization Coverage 2023 Update
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Kirk Graham JuniorGhana Immunization Coverage 2023 Update
Uploaded by
Kirk Graham JuniorGhana: WHO and UNICEF estimates of immunization coverage: 2023 revision
July 2, 2024; page 1 WHO and UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage - next revision available July 15, 2025 data received as of June 27, 2024
Ghana: WHO and UNICEF estimates of immunization coverage: 2023 revision
BACKGROUND NOTE: Each year WHO and UNICEF jointly review reports submitted by Member Production of IPV coverage estimates, which begins in 2015, results in no change of the
States regarding national immunization coverage, finalized survey reports as well as data from published estimated coverage levels for the 3rd dose of polio (Pol3). For countries recommending routine
and grey literature. Based on these data, with due consideration to potential biases and the views of immunization with a primary series of three doses of IPV alone, WHO and UNICEF estimated
local experts, WHO and UNICEF attempt to distinguish between situations where available empirical Pol3 coverage is equivalent to estimated coverage with three doses of IPV. For countries with a
data accurately reflect immunization system performance and those where the data are likely sequential schedule, estimated Pol3 coverage is based on that for the 3rd dose of polio vaccine
compromised and present a misleading view of coverage. regardless of vaccine type.
IPV2: percentage of surviving infants who received a 2nd dose of inactivated polio vaccine. IPV2
WHO and UNICEF estimates are country-specific; that is to say, each country’s data are reviewed coverage estimates produced for OPV using countries.
individually, and data are not borrowed from other countries in the absence of data. Estimates are not
MCV1: percentage of surviving infants who received the 1st dose of measles containing vaccine. In
based on ad hoc adjustments to reported data; in some instances empirical data are available from a
countries where the national schedule recommends the 1st dose of MCV at 12 months or later
single source, usually the nationally reported coverage data. In cases where no data are available for a
based on the epidemiology of disease in the country, coverage estimates reflect the percentage of
given country/vaccine/year combination, data are considered from earlier and later years and
children who received the 1st dose of MCV as recommended.
interpolated to estimate coverage for the missing year(s). In cases where data sources are mixed and
show large variation, an attempt is made to identify the most likely estimate with consideration of the MCV2: percentage of children who received the 2nd dose of measles containing vaccine according to
possible biases in available data. For methods see: the nationally recommended schedule.
*Burton et al. 2009. Bull World Health Organ. RCV1: percentage of surviving infants who received the 1st dose of rubella containing vaccine. Co
*Burton et al. 2012. PLoS One. verage estimates are based on WHO and UNICEF estimates of coverage for the dose of measles
*Danovaro-Holliday et al. 2021. Gates Open Res. containing vaccine that corresponds to the first measles-rubella combination vaccine. Nationally
reported coverage of RCV is not taken into consideration nor are the data represented in the
accompanying graph and data table.
DATA SOURCES.
HepBB: percentage of births which received a dose of hepatitis B vaccine within 24 hours of delivery.
ADMINISTRATIVE coverage: Reported by national authorities and based on aggregated
Estimates of hepatitis B birth dose coverage are produced only for countries with a universal
administrative reports from health service providers on the number of vaccinations administered
birth dose policy. Estimates are not produced for countries that recommend a birth dose to
during a given period (numerator data) and reported target population data (denominator data).
infants born to HepB virus-infected mothers only or where there is insufficient information to
May be biased by inaccurate numerator and/or denominator data.
determine whether vaccination is within 24 hours of birth.
OFFICIAL coverage: Estimated coverage reported by national authorities that reflects their HepB3: percentage of surviving infants who received the 3rd dose of hepatitis B containing vaccine
assessment of the most likely coverage based on any combination of administrative coverage, following the birth dose.
survey-based estimates or other data sources or adjustments. Approaches to determine
OFFICIAL coverage may differ across countries. Hib3: percentage of surviving infants who received the 3rd dose of Haemophilus influenzae type b
containing vaccine.
SURVEY coverage: Based on estimated coverage from population-based household surveys among
RotaC: percentage of surviving infants who received the final recommended dose of rotavirus vaccine,
children aged 12-23 or 24-35 months following a review of survey methods and results.
which can be either the 2nd or the 3rd dose depending on the vaccine.
Information is based on the combination of vaccination history from documented evidence or
caregiver recall. Survey results are considered for the appropriate birth cohort based on data PcV3: percentage of surviving infants who received the 3rd dose of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine.
collection period. In countries where the national schedule recommends two doses during infancy and a booster
dose at 12 months or later based on the epidemiology of disease in the country, coverage
estimates may reflect the percentage of surviving infants who received two doses of PcV prior to
ABBREVIATIONS the 1st birthday.
BCG: percentage of births who received one dose of Bacillus Calmette Guerin vaccine. YFV: percentage of surviving infants who received one dose of yellow fever vaccine in countries where
DTP1 / DTP3: percentage of surviving infants who received the 1st / 3rd dose, respectively, of YFV is part of the national immunization schedule for children or is recommended in at risk
diphtheria and tetanus toxoid with pertussis containing vaccine. areas; coverage estimates are annualized for the entire cohort of surviving infants.
Pol3: percentage of surviving infants who received the 3rd dose of polio containing vaccine. May be MengA: percentage of children who received one dose of meningococcal A conjugate vaccine. MengA
either oral or inactivated polio vaccine. coverage estimates produced for countries in the meningitis belt of sub-Saharan Africa.
IPV1: percentage of surviving infants who received at least one dose of inactivated polio vaccine. In Disclaimer: All reasonable precautions have been taken by the World Health Organization and
countries utilizing an immunization schedule recommending either (i) a primary series of three United Nations Children’s Fund to verify the information contained in this publication. However,
doses of oral polio vaccine (OPV) plus at least one dose of IPV where OPV is included in routine the published material is being distributed without warranty of any kind, either expressed or
immunization and/or campaign or (ii) a sequential schedule of IPV followed by OPV, WHO and implied. The responsibility for the interpretation and use of the material lies with the reader. In
UNICEF estimates for IPV1 reflect coverage with at least one routine dose of IPV among infants no event shall the World Health Organization or United Nations Children’s Fund be liable for
<1 year of age. For countries utilizing IPV containing vaccine only, i.e., no recommended dose of damages arising from its use.
OPV, WHO and UNICEF estimate for IPV1 corresponds to coverage for the 1st dose of IPV.
July 2, 2024; page 2 WHO and UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage - next revision available July 15, 2025 data received as of June 27, 2024
Ghana - BCG
Description:
2023: Estimate informed by reported data. Programme reports three months vaccine stockout
at national and subnational levels. Estimate challenged by: D-
2022: Estimate informed by reported data. Programme reports three months vaccine stockout
at national and subnational levels. Estimate challenged by: D-
2021: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 95 percent
based on 1 survey(s). Programme notes use of new target population estimates from
2021 Population and Housing Census, which suggest lower values than those indicated
by projections from the prior census. Estimate challenged by: D-
2020: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 95 percent
based on 1 survey(s). Estimate challenged by: D-
2019: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2018: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2017: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2016: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 94 per-
cent based on 1 survey(s). Official estimate based on 2017 EPI coverage survey results.
Estimate challenged by: D-
2015: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 91 percent
based on 1 survey(s). Reported official government coverage based on 2014 DHS results.
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Estimate challenged by: D-
Estimate 98 98 99 97 94 99 98 96 93 99 96 97 2014: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
Estimate GoC • • • • • • • • • • • •
2013: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 97 percent
Official 98 98 99 97 94 99 98 96 93 100 96 97
Administrative 104 98 103 95 103 100 98 96 93 100 96 94
based on 1 survey(s). Estimate challenged by: D-
Survey 96.6 96.8 NA 91 93.6 NA NA NA 95 95.3 NA NA 2012: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 97 percent
based on 1 survey(s). Estimate challenged by: D-
The WHO and UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage (wuenic) are based on data and information
that are of varying, and, in some instances, unknown quality. Beginning with the 2011 revision we describe
the grade of confidence (GoC) we have in these estimates. As there is no underlying probability model upon
which the estimates are based, we are unable to present classical measures of uncertainty, e.g., confidence
intervals. Moreover, we have chosen not to make subjective estimates of plausibility/certainty ranges around
the coverage. The GoC reflects the degree of empirical support upon which the estimates are based. It is
not a judgment of the quality of data reported by national authorities.
••• Estimate is supported by reported data [R+], coverage recalculated with an independent denominator
from the World Population Prospects: 2022 revision from the UN Population Division (D+), and at
least one supporting survey within 2 years [S+]. While well supported, the estimate still carries a risk
of being wrong.
•• Estimate is supported by at least one data source; [R+], [S+], or [D+]; and no data source, [R-], [D-], or
[S-], challenges the estimate.
• There are no directly supporting data; or data from at least one source; [R-], [D-], [S-]; challenge the estimate.
In all cases these estimates should be used with caution and should be assessed in light
of the objective for which they are being used.
July 2, 2024; page 3 WHO and UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage - next revision available July 15, 2025 data received as of June 27, 2024
Ghana - DTP1
Description:
2023: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2022: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2021: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 97 percent
based on 1 survey(s). Programme notes use of new target population estimates from
2021 Population and Housing Census, which suggest lower values than those indicated
by projections from the prior census. Estimate challenged by: D-
2020: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 96 percent
based on 1 survey(s). Estimate challenged by: D-
2019: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2018: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2017: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2016: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 96 per-
cent based on 1 survey(s). Official estimate based on 2017 EPI coverage survey results.
Estimate challenged by: D-
2015: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 91 percent
based on 1 survey(s). Reported official government coverage based on 2014 DHS results.
Estimate challenged by: D-
2014: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2013: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 97 percent
Estimate 92 94 99 97 94 99 97 97 94 99 99 99 based on 1 survey(s). Estimate challenged by: D-
Estimate GoC • • • • • • • • • • • •
2012: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 96 percent
Official 92 94 100 97 94 99 97 97 94 99 99 100
Administrative 97 94 98 97 101 101 100 99 96 102 99 96
based on 1 survey(s). Estimate challenged by: D-
Survey 96.4 96.6 NA 91.3 95.8 NA NA NA 95.6 97.1 NA NA
The WHO and UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage (wuenic) are based on data and information
that are of varying, and, in some instances, unknown quality. Beginning with the 2011 revision we describe
the grade of confidence (GoC) we have in these estimates. As there is no underlying probability model upon
which the estimates are based, we are unable to present classical measures of uncertainty, e.g., confidence
intervals. Moreover, we have chosen not to make subjective estimates of plausibility/certainty ranges around
the coverage. The GoC reflects the degree of empirical support upon which the estimates are based. It is
not a judgment of the quality of data reported by national authorities.
••• Estimate is supported by reported data [R+], coverage recalculated with an independent denominator
from the World Population Prospects: 2022 revision from the UN Population Division (D+), and at
least one supporting survey within 2 years [S+]. While well supported, the estimate still carries a risk
of being wrong.
•• Estimate is supported by at least one data source; [R+], [S+], or [D+]; and no data source, [R-], [D-], or
[S-], challenges the estimate.
• There are no directly supporting data; or data from at least one source; [R-], [D-], [S-]; challenge the estimate.
In all cases these estimates should be used with caution and should be assessed in light
of the objective for which they are being used.
July 2, 2024; page 4 WHO and UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage - next revision available July 15, 2025 data received as of June 27, 2024
Ghana - DTP3
Description:
2023: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2022: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2021: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 94 percent
based on 1 survey(s). Ghana Demographic and Health Survey 2022 card or history re-
sults of 89 percent modifed for recall bias to 94 percent based on 1st dose card or history
coverage of 97 percent, 1st dose card only coverage of 87 percent and 3rd dose card only
coverage of 84 percent. Programme notes use of new target population estimates from
2021 Population and Housing Census, which suggest lower values than those indicated
by projections from the prior census. Estimate challenged by: D-
2020: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 94 percent
based on 1 survey(s). Ghana Demographic and Health Survey 2022 card or history re-
sults of 86 percent modifed for recall bias to 94 percent based on 1st dose card or history
coverage of 96 percent, 1st dose card only coverage of 78 percent and 3rd dose card only
coverage of 77 percent. Estimate challenged by: D-
2019: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2018: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2017: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2016: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 93 percent
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 based on 1 survey(s). Ghana Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2017-18 card or history
Estimate 92 90 98 88 93 99 97 97 94 98 99 95 results of 91 percent modifed for recall bias to 93 percent based on 1st dose card or
Estimate GoC • • • • • • • • • • • •
history coverage of 96 percent, 1st dose card only coverage of 88 percent and 3rd dose
Official 92 90 98 88 93 99 97 97 94 98 99 95
Administrative 92 90 95 95 99 102 100 99 97 104 102 99
card only coverage of 85 percent. Official estimate based on 2017 EPI coverage survey
Survey 85.8 88.5 NA 85.9 90.5 NA NA NA 85.9 89 NA NA results. Estimate challenged by: D-
2015: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 90 percent
The WHO and UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage (wuenic) are based on data and information based on 1 survey(s). Ghana Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2017-18 card or history
that are of varying, and, in some instances, unknown quality. Beginning with the 2011 revision we describe
the grade of confidence (GoC) we have in these estimates. As there is no underlying probability model upon
results of 86 percent modifed for recall bias to 90 percent based on 1st dose card or
which the estimates are based, we are unable to present classical measures of uncertainty, e.g., confidence history coverage of 91 percent, 1st dose card only coverage of 80 percent and 3rd dose
intervals. Moreover, we have chosen not to make subjective estimates of plausibility/certainty ranges around card only coverage of 78 percent. Reported official government coverage based on 2014
the coverage. The GoC reflects the degree of empirical support upon which the estimates are based. It is
not a judgment of the quality of data reported by national authorities. DHS results. Estimate challenged by: D-
2014: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
••• Estimate is supported by reported data [R+], coverage recalculated with an independent denominator 2013: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 93 percent
from the World Population Prospects: 2022 revision from the UN Population Division (D+), and at
least one supporting survey within 2 years [S+]. While well supported, the estimate still carries a risk
based on 1 survey(s). Ghana Demographic and Health Survey, 2014 card or history re-
of being wrong. sults of 89 percent modifed for recall bias to 93 percent based on 1st dose card or history
coverage of 97 percent, 1st dose card only coverage of 87 percent and 3rd dose card only
•• Estimate is supported by at least one data source; [R+], [S+], or [D+]; and no data source, [R-], [D-], or
[S-], challenges the estimate. coverage of 84 percent. Estimate challenged by: D-
2012: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 93 percent
• There are no directly supporting data; or data from at least one source; [R-], [D-], [S-]; challenge the estimate. based on 1 survey(s). Ghana Demographic and Health Survey, 2014 card or history re-
In all cases these estimates should be used with caution and should be assessed in light
sults of 86 percent modifed for recall bias to 93 percent based on 1st dose card or history
of the objective for which they are being used. coverage of 96 percent, 1st dose card only coverage of 79 percent and 3rd dose card only
coverage of 76 percent. Estimate challenged by: D-
July 2, 2024; page 5 WHO and UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage - next revision available July 15, 2025 data received as of June 27, 2024
Ghana - HepB3
Description:
2023: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2022: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2021: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 94 percent
based on 1 survey(s). Ghana Demographic and Health Survey 2022 card or history re-
sults of 89 percent modifed for recall bias to 94 percent based on 1st dose card or history
coverage of 97 percent, 1st dose card only coverage of 87 percent and 3rd dose card only
coverage of 84 percent. Programme notes use of new target population estimates from
2021 Population and Housing Census, which suggest lower values than those indicated
by projections from the prior census. Estimate challenged by: D-
2020: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 94 percent
based on 1 survey(s). Ghana Demographic and Health Survey 2022 card or history re-
sults of 86 percent modifed for recall bias to 94 percent based on 1st dose card or history
coverage of 96 percent, 1st dose card only coverage of 78 percent and 3rd dose card only
coverage of 77 percent. Estimate challenged by: D-
2019: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2018: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2017: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2016: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 93 percent
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 based on 1 survey(s). Ghana Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2017-18 card or history
Estimate 92 90 98 88 93 99 97 97 94 98 99 95 results of 91 percent modifed for recall bias to 93 percent based on 1st dose card or
Estimate GoC • • • • • • • • • • • •
history coverage of 96 percent, 1st dose card only coverage of 88 percent and 3rd dose
Official 92 90 98 88 93 99 97 97 94 98 99 95
Administrative 92 90 95 95 99 102 100 99 97 104 102 99
card only coverage of 85 percent. Official estimate based on 2017 EPI coverage survey
Survey 85.8 88.5 NA 85.9 90.5 NA NA NA 85.9 89 NA NA results. Estimate challenged by: D-
2015: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 90 percent
The WHO and UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage (wuenic) are based on data and information based on 1 survey(s). Ghana Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2017-18 card or history
that are of varying, and, in some instances, unknown quality. Beginning with the 2011 revision we describe
the grade of confidence (GoC) we have in these estimates. As there is no underlying probability model upon
results of 86 percent modifed for recall bias to 90 percent based on 1st dose card or
which the estimates are based, we are unable to present classical measures of uncertainty, e.g., confidence history coverage of 91 percent, 1st dose card only coverage of 80 percent and 3rd dose
intervals. Moreover, we have chosen not to make subjective estimates of plausibility/certainty ranges around card only coverage of 78 percent. Reported official government coverage based on 2014
the coverage. The GoC reflects the degree of empirical support upon which the estimates are based. It is
not a judgment of the quality of data reported by national authorities. DHS results. Estimate challenged by: D-
2014: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
••• Estimate is supported by reported data [R+], coverage recalculated with an independent denominator 2013: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 93 percent
from the World Population Prospects: 2022 revision from the UN Population Division (D+), and at
least one supporting survey within 2 years [S+]. While well supported, the estimate still carries a risk
based on 1 survey(s). Ghana Demographic and Health Survey, 2014 card or history re-
of being wrong. sults of 89 percent modifed for recall bias to 93 percent based on 1st dose card or history
coverage of 97 percent, 1st dose card only coverage of 87 percent and 3rd dose card only
•• Estimate is supported by at least one data source; [R+], [S+], or [D+]; and no data source, [R-], [D-], or
[S-], challenges the estimate. coverage of 84 percent. Estimate challenged by: D-
2012: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 93 percent
• There are no directly supporting data; or data from at least one source; [R-], [D-], [S-]; challenge the estimate. based on 1 survey(s). Ghana Demographic and Health Survey, 2014 card or history re-
In all cases these estimates should be used with caution and should be assessed in light
sults of 86 percent modifed for recall bias to 93 percent based on 1st dose card or history
of the objective for which they are being used. coverage of 96 percent, 1st dose card only coverage of 79 percent and 3rd dose card only
coverage of 76 percent. Estimate challenged by: D-
July 2, 2024; page 6 WHO and UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage - next revision available July 15, 2025 data received as of June 27, 2024
Ghana - Hib3
Description:
2023: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2022: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2021: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 94 percent
based on 1 survey(s). Ghana Demographic and Health Survey 2022 card or history re-
sults of 89 percent modifed for recall bias to 94 percent based on 1st dose card or history
coverage of 97 percent, 1st dose card only coverage of 87 percent and 3rd dose card only
coverage of 84 percent. Programme notes use of new target population estimates from
2021 Population and Housing Census, which suggest lower values than those indicated
by projections from the prior census. Estimate challenged by: D-
2020: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 94 percent
based on 1 survey(s). Ghana Demographic and Health Survey 2022 card or history re-
sults of 86 percent modifed for recall bias to 94 percent based on 1st dose card or history
coverage of 96 percent, 1st dose card only coverage of 78 percent and 3rd dose card only
coverage of 77 percent. Estimate challenged by: D-
2019: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2018: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2017: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2016: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 93 percent
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 based on 1 survey(s). Ghana Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2017-18 card or history
Estimate 92 90 98 88 93 99 97 97 94 98 99 95 results of 91 percent modifed for recall bias to 93 percent based on 1st dose card or
Estimate GoC • • • • • • • • • • • •
history coverage of 96 percent, 1st dose card only coverage of 88 percent and 3rd dose
Official 92 90 98 88 93 99 97 97 94 98 99 95
Administrative 92 90 95 95 99 102 100 99 97 104 102 99
card only coverage of 85 percent. Official estimate based on 2017 EPI coverage survey
Survey 85.8 88.5 NA 85.9 90.5 NA NA NA 85.9 89 NA NA results. Estimate challenged by: D-
2015: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 90 percent
The WHO and UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage (wuenic) are based on data and information based on 1 survey(s). Ghana Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2017-18 card or history
that are of varying, and, in some instances, unknown quality. Beginning with the 2011 revision we describe
the grade of confidence (GoC) we have in these estimates. As there is no underlying probability model upon
results of 86 percent modifed for recall bias to 90 percent based on 1st dose card or
which the estimates are based, we are unable to present classical measures of uncertainty, e.g., confidence history coverage of 91 percent, 1st dose card only coverage of 80 percent and 3rd dose
intervals. Moreover, we have chosen not to make subjective estimates of plausibility/certainty ranges around card only coverage of 78 percent. Reported official government coverage based on 2014
the coverage. The GoC reflects the degree of empirical support upon which the estimates are based. It is
not a judgment of the quality of data reported by national authorities. DHS results. Estimate challenged by: D-
2014: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
••• Estimate is supported by reported data [R+], coverage recalculated with an independent denominator 2013: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 93 percent
from the World Population Prospects: 2022 revision from the UN Population Division (D+), and at
least one supporting survey within 2 years [S+]. While well supported, the estimate still carries a risk
based on 1 survey(s). Ghana Demographic and Health Survey, 2014 card or history re-
of being wrong. sults of 89 percent modifed for recall bias to 93 percent based on 1st dose card or history
coverage of 97 percent, 1st dose card only coverage of 87 percent and 3rd dose card only
•• Estimate is supported by at least one data source; [R+], [S+], or [D+]; and no data source, [R-], [D-], or
[S-], challenges the estimate. coverage of 84 percent. Estimate challenged by: D-
2012: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 93 percent
• There are no directly supporting data; or data from at least one source; [R-], [D-], [S-]; challenge the estimate. based on 1 survey(s). Ghana Demographic and Health Survey, 2014 card or history re-
In all cases these estimates should be used with caution and should be assessed in light
sults of 86 percent modifed for recall bias to 93 percent based on 1st dose card or history
of the objective for which they are being used. coverage of 96 percent, 1st dose card only coverage of 79 percent and 3rd dose card only
coverage of 76 percent. Estimate challenged by: D-
July 2, 2024; page 7 WHO and UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage - next revision available July 15, 2025 data received as of June 27, 2024
Ghana - RotaC
Description:
2023: Estimate informed by reported administrative data. Programme reports three months
vaccine stockout at national and subnational levels.. Estimate challenged by: D-S-
2022: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2021: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 93 percent
based on 1 survey(s). Programme notes use of new target population estimates from
2021 Population and Housing Census, which suggest lower values than those indicated
by projections from the prior census. Estimate challenged by: D-
2020: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 89 percent
based on 1 survey(s). Estimate challenged by: D-
2019: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2018: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2017: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2016: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 92 per-
cent based on 1 survey(s). Official estimate based on 2017 EPI coverage survey results.
Estimate challenged by: D-
2015: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 88 percent
based on 1 survey(s). Reported official government coverage based on 2014 DHS results.
Estimate challenged by: D-
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2014: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-S-
Estimate 49 87 98 88 94 97 94 93 89 96 94 64 2013: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 89 percent
Estimate GoC • • • • • • • • • • • •
based on 1 survey(s). Estimate challenged by: D-S-
Official 77 87 98 88 94 97 94 93 89 96 94 96
Administrative 65 87 94 94 96 97 96 95 91 99 94 64
2012: Rotavirus vaccine was introduced in 2012. 65 percent coverage in 75 percent of national
Survey 66.2 88.7 NA 88.1 91.9 NA NA NA 89.2 92.5 NA NA target population. Estimate challenged by: R-S-
The WHO and UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage (wuenic) are based on data and information
that are of varying, and, in some instances, unknown quality. Beginning with the 2011 revision we describe
the grade of confidence (GoC) we have in these estimates. As there is no underlying probability model upon
which the estimates are based, we are unable to present classical measures of uncertainty, e.g., confidence
intervals. Moreover, we have chosen not to make subjective estimates of plausibility/certainty ranges around
the coverage. The GoC reflects the degree of empirical support upon which the estimates are based. It is
not a judgment of the quality of data reported by national authorities.
••• Estimate is supported by reported data [R+], coverage recalculated with an independent denominator
from the World Population Prospects: 2022 revision from the UN Population Division (D+), and at
least one supporting survey within 2 years [S+]. While well supported, the estimate still carries a risk
of being wrong.
•• Estimate is supported by at least one data source; [R+], [S+], or [D+]; and no data source, [R-], [D-], or
[S-], challenges the estimate.
• There are no directly supporting data; or data from at least one source; [R-], [D-], [S-]; challenge the estimate.
In all cases these estimates should be used with caution and should be assessed in light
of the objective for which they are being used.
July 2, 2024; page 8 WHO and UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage - next revision available July 15, 2025 data received as of June 27, 2024
Ghana - PcV3
Description:
2023: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2022: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2021: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 93 percent
based on 1 survey(s). Ghana Demographic and Health Survey 2022 card or history re-
sults of 88 percent modifed for recall bias to 93 percent based on 1st dose card or history
coverage of 97 percent, 1st dose card only coverage of 87 percent and 3rd dose card only
coverage of 84 percent. Programme notes use of new target population estimates from
2021 Population and Housing Census, which suggest lower values than those indicated
by projections from the prior census. Estimate challenged by: D-
2020: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 94 percent
based on 1 survey(s). Ghana Demographic and Health Survey 2022 card or history re-
sults of 86 percent modifed for recall bias to 94 percent based on 1st dose card or history
coverage of 96 percent, 1st dose card only coverage of 78 percent and 3rd dose card only
coverage of 77 percent. Estimate challenged by: D-
2019: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2018: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2017: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-S-
2016: Estimate is based on reported official coverage. Ghana Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2017-18 card or history results of 90 percent modifed for recall bias to 92 percent based
Estimate 43 89 99 88 93 99 96 97 95 98 99 96 on 1st dose card or history coverage of 95 percent, 1st dose card only coverage of 87
Estimate GoC • • • • • • • • • • • •
percent and 3rd dose card only coverage of 85 percent. Official estimate based on 2017
Official 56 89 98 84 93 99 96 97 95 98 99 96
Administrative 64 89 95 96 99 102 100 100 97 103 99 95
EPI coverage survey results. Estimate challenged by: D-
Survey 61.3 84.2 NA 84.2 90.2 NA NA NA 86 88.2 NA NA 2015: Estimate of 88 percent assigned by working group. Estimate is based on reported DTP3
coverage level. Ghana Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2017-18 card or history results
The WHO and UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage (wuenic) are based on data and information of 84 percent modifed for recall bias to 88 percent based on 1st dose card or history
that are of varying, and, in some instances, unknown quality. Beginning with the 2011 revision we describe
the grade of confidence (GoC) we have in these estimates. As there is no underlying probability model upon
coverage of 90 percent, 1st dose card only coverage of 80 percent and 3rd dose card
which the estimates are based, we are unable to present classical measures of uncertainty, e.g., confidence only coverage of 78 percent. Reported official government coverage based on 2014 DHS
intervals. Moreover, we have chosen not to make subjective estimates of plausibility/certainty ranges around results. Estimate challenged by: D-R-
the coverage. The GoC reflects the degree of empirical support upon which the estimates are based. It is
not a judgment of the quality of data reported by national authorities. 2014: Reported data calibrated to 2013 and 2015 levels. Estimate challenged by: D-R-S-
2013: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 88 percent
••• Estimate is supported by reported data [R+], coverage recalculated with an independent denominator based on 1 survey(s). Ghana Demographic and Health Survey, 2014 card or history re-
from the World Population Prospects: 2022 revision from the UN Population Division (D+), and at
least one supporting survey within 2 years [S+]. While well supported, the estimate still carries a risk
sults of 84 percent modifed for recall bias to 88 percent based on 1st dose card or history
of being wrong. coverage of 93 percent, 1st dose card only coverage of 85 percent and 3rd dose card only
coverage of 80 percent. Estimate challenged by: D-S-
•• Estimate is supported by at least one data source; [R+], [S+], or [D+]; and no data source, [R-], [D-], or
[S-], challenges the estimate. 2012: Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine introduced in 2012. 64 percent coverage in 66 percent
of national target population. Ghana Demographic and Health Survey, 2014 card or
• There are no directly supporting data; or data from at least one source; [R-], [D-], [S-]; challenge the estimate. history results of 61 percent modifed for recall bias to 65 percent based on 1st dose card
In all cases these estimates should be used with caution and should be assessed in light
or history coverage of 75 percent, 1st dose card only coverage of 61 percent and 3rd dose
of the objective for which they are being used. card only coverage of 53 percent. Estimate challenged by: R-S-
July 2, 2024; page 9 WHO and UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage - next revision available July 15, 2025 data received as of June 27, 2024
Ghana - Pol3
Description:
2023: Estimate informed by reported data. Programme reports three months vaccine stockout
at national and subnational levels. Estimate challenged by: D-
2022: Estimate informed by reported data. Programme reports four months vaccine stockout at
national and subnational level. Estimate challenged by: D-
2021: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 90 percent
based on 1 survey(s). Ghana Demographic and Health Survey 2022 card or history re-
sults of 84 percent modifed for recall bias to 90 percent based on 1st dose card or history
coverage of 96 percent, 1st dose card only coverage of 87 percent and 3rd dose card only
coverage of 82 percent. Programme notes use of new target population estimates from
2021 Population and Housing Census, which suggest lower values than those indicated
by projections from the prior census. Estimate challenged by: D-S-
2020: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 87 percent
based on 1 survey(s). Ghana Demographic and Health Survey 2022 card or history re-
sults of 77 percent modifed for recall bias to 87 percent based on 1st dose card or history
coverage of 94 percent, 1st dose card only coverage of 78 percent and 3rd dose card only
coverage of 73 percent. Estimate challenged by: D-
2019: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2018: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-S-
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2017: Estimate informed by reported data. Programme reports stockout of three months. Esti-
Estimate 91 91 94 88 95 94 98 97 92 98 90 91 mate challenged by: D-
Estimate GoC • • • • • • • • • • • •
2016: Estimate based on reported data. Ghana Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2017-18 card
Official 91 91 98 84 95 94 98 97 92 98 90 91
Administrative 92 91 95 96 98 94 100 99 95 104 90 95
or history results of 88 percent modifed for recall bias to 92 percent based on 1st dose
Survey 79.8 84 NA 83.3 88.3 NA NA NA 77.2 84.1 NA NA card or history coverage of 95 percent, 1st dose card only coverage of 87 percent and
3rd dose card only coverage of 85 percent. Official estimate based on 2017 EPI coverage
The WHO and UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage (wuenic) are based on data and information survey results. Estimate challenged by: D-
that are of varying, and, in some instances, unknown quality. Beginning with the 2011 revision we describe
the grade of confidence (GoC) we have in these estimates. As there is no underlying probability model upon
2015: Estimate of 88 percent assigned by working group. Estimate based on reported DTP3
which the estimates are based, we are unable to present classical measures of uncertainty, e.g., confidence coverage level. Ghana Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2017-18 card or history results
intervals. Moreover, we have chosen not to make subjective estimates of plausibility/certainty ranges around of 83 percent modifed for recall bias to 89 percent based on 1st dose card or history
the coverage. The GoC reflects the degree of empirical support upon which the estimates are based. It is
not a judgment of the quality of data reported by national authorities. coverage of 91 percent, 1st dose card only coverage of 79 percent and 3rd dose card
only coverage of 78 percent. Reported data excluded due to decline in reported coverage
••• Estimate is supported by reported data [R+], coverage recalculated with an independent denominator from 98 percent to 84 percent with increase to 95 percent. Reported official government
from the World Population Prospects: 2022 revision from the UN Population Division (D+), and at
least one supporting survey within 2 years [S+]. While well supported, the estimate still carries a risk
coverage based on 2014 DHS results. Estimate challenged by: D-R-
of being wrong. 2014: Reported data calibrated to 2013 and 2015 levels. Estimate challenged by: D-R-
2013: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 91 percent
•• Estimate is supported by at least one data source; [R+], [S+], or [D+]; and no data source, [R-], [D-], or
[S-], challenges the estimate. based on 1 survey(s). Ghana Demographic and Health Survey, 2014 card or history re-
sults of 84 percent modifed for recall bias to 91 percent based on 1st dose card or history
• There are no directly supporting data; or data from at least one source; [R-], [D-], [S-]; challenge the estimate. coverage of 97 percent, 1st dose card only coverage of 88 percent and 3rd dose card only
In all cases these estimates should be used with caution and should be assessed in light
coverage of 83 percent. Estimate challenged by: D-
of the objective for which they are being used. 2012: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 92 percent
based on 1 survey(s). Ghana Demographic and Health Survey, 2014 card or history re-
sults of 80 percent modifed for recall bias to 92 percent based on 1st dose card or history
July 2, 2024; page 10 WHO and UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage - next revision available July 15, 2025 data received as of June 27, 2024
Ghana - Pol3
coverage of 96 percent, 1st dose card only coverage of 79 percent and 3rd dose card only
coverage of 76 percent. Estimate challenged by: D-
July 2, 2024; page 11 WHO and UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage - next revision available July 15, 2025 data received as of June 27, 2024
Ghana - IPV1
Description:
Estimates for a dose of inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) begin in 2015 following the Global Po-
lio Eradication Initiative’s Polio Eradication and Endgame Strategic Plan: 2013-2018
which recommended at least one full dose or two fractional doses of IPV into routine
immunization schedules as a strategy to mitigate the potential consequences should any
re-emergence of type 2 poliovirus occur following the planned withdrawal of Sabin type
2 strains from oral polio vaccine (OPV).
2023: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2022: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2021: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 92 percent
based on 1 survey(s). Programme notes use of new target population estimates from
2021 Population and Housing Census, which suggest lower values than those indicated
by projections from the prior census. Estimate challenged by: D-
2020: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 94 percent
based on 1 survey(s). Estimate challenged by: D-
2019: Estimate informed by reported data. . Estimate challenged by: D-
2018: Estimate informed by reported data. Inactivated polio vaccine introduced during 2018.
Estimate challenged by: D-S-
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
Estimate NA NA NA NA NA NA 55 97 93 98 99 95
Estimate GoC NA NA NA NA NA NA • • • • • •
Official NA NA NA NA NA NA 55 97 93 98 99 95
Administrative NA NA NA NA NA NA 56 99 95 103 101 100
Survey NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 93.7 92.4 NA NA
The WHO and UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage (wuenic) are based on data and information
that are of varying, and, in some instances, unknown quality. Beginning with the 2011 revision we describe
the grade of confidence (GoC) we have in these estimates. As there is no underlying probability model upon
which the estimates are based, we are unable to present classical measures of uncertainty, e.g., confidence
intervals. Moreover, we have chosen not to make subjective estimates of plausibility/certainty ranges around
the coverage. The GoC reflects the degree of empirical support upon which the estimates are based. It is
not a judgment of the quality of data reported by national authorities.
••• Estimate is supported by reported data [R+], coverage recalculated with an independent denominator
from the World Population Prospects: 2022 revision from the UN Population Division (D+), and at
least one supporting survey within 2 years [S+]. While well supported, the estimate still carries a risk
of being wrong.
•• Estimate is supported by at least one data source; [R+], [S+], or [D+]; and no data source, [R-], [D-], or
[S-], challenges the estimate.
• There are no directly supporting data; or data from at least one source; [R-], [D-], [S-]; challenge the estimate.
In all cases these estimates should be used with caution and should be assessed in light
of the objective for which they are being used.
July 2, 2024; page 12 WHO and UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage - next revision available July 15, 2025 data received as of June 27, 2024
Ghana - MCV1
Description:
2023: Estimate informed by reported data. Programme reports three months vaccine stockout
at national and subnational levels. Estimate challenged by: D-
2022: Estimate informed by reported data. Programme reports four months vaccine stockout at
national and subnational levels. Estimate challenged by: D-
2021: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 87 percent
based on 1 survey(s). Programme notes use of new target population estimates from
2021 Population and Housing Census, which suggest lower values than those indicated
by projections from the prior census. Estimate challenged by: D-
2020: Estimate is based on estimated coverage for YFV. While MCV1 data are not reported,
MCV1 and YFV reported coverage has previously tracked closely. GoC=S+
2019: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2018: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2017: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2016: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 87 per-
cent based on 1 survey(s). Official estimate based on 2017 EPI coverage survey results.
Estimate challenged by: D-
2015: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 86 percent
based on 1 survey(s). Reported official government coverage based on 2014 DHS results.
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Estimate challenged by: D-
Estimate 88 89 92 89 89 95 92 92 88 94 95 90 2014: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
Estimate GoC • • • • • • • • •• • • •
2013: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 89 percent
Official 88 89 92 89 89 95 92 92 NA 94 95 90
Administrative 93 89 93 94 95 95 95 95 NA 97 95 88
based on 1 survey(s). Measles rubella vaccine introduced in September 2013. Estimate
Survey 90 89.3 NA 85.8 86.5 NA NA NA 90.7 87 NA NA challenged by: D-
2012: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 90 percent
The WHO and UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage (wuenic) are based on data and information based on 1 survey(s). Estimate challenged by: D-
that are of varying, and, in some instances, unknown quality. Beginning with the 2011 revision we describe
the grade of confidence (GoC) we have in these estimates. As there is no underlying probability model upon
which the estimates are based, we are unable to present classical measures of uncertainty, e.g., confidence
intervals. Moreover, we have chosen not to make subjective estimates of plausibility/certainty ranges around
the coverage. The GoC reflects the degree of empirical support upon which the estimates are based. It is
not a judgment of the quality of data reported by national authorities.
••• Estimate is supported by reported data [R+], coverage recalculated with an independent denominator
from the World Population Prospects: 2022 revision from the UN Population Division (D+), and at
least one supporting survey within 2 years [S+]. While well supported, the estimate still carries a risk
of being wrong.
•• Estimate is supported by at least one data source; [R+], [S+], or [D+]; and no data source, [R-], [D-], or
[S-], challenges the estimate.
• There are no directly supporting data; or data from at least one source; [R-], [D-], [S-]; challenge the estimate.
In all cases these estimates should be used with caution and should be assessed in light
of the objective for which they are being used.
July 2, 2024; page 13 WHO and UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage - next revision available July 15, 2025 data received as of June 27, 2024
Ghana - RCV1
Description:
For this revision, coverage estimates for the first dose of rubella containing vaccine are based
on WHO and UNICEF estimates of coverage of measles containing vaccine. Nationally
reported coverage of rubella containing vaccine is not taken into consideration nor are
they represented in the the accompanying graph and data table.
2023: Estimate based on estimated MCV1. Programme reports three months vaccine stockout
at national and subnational levels. Estimate challenged by: D-
2022: Estimate based on estimated MCV1. Estimate challenged by: D-
2021: Estimate based on estimated MCV1. Programme notes use of new target population esti-
mates from 2021 Population and Housing Census, which suggest lower values than those
indicated by projections from the prior census. Estimate challenged by: D-
2020: Estimate is based on estimated coverage for MCV1. GoC=S+
2019: Estimate based on estimated MCV1. Estimate challenged by: D-
2018: Estimate based on estimated MCV1. Estimate challenged by: D-
2017: Estimate based on estimated MCV1. Estimate challenged by: D-
2016: Estimate based on estimated MCV1. Official estimate based on 2017 EPI coverage survey
results. Estimate challenged by: D-
2015: Estimate based on estimated MCV1. Reported official government coverage based on 2014
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 DHS results. Estimate challenged by: D-
Estimate NA 89 92 89 89 95 92 92 88 94 95 90 2014: Estimate based on estimated MCV1. Estimate challenged by: D-
Estimate GoC NA • • • • • • • •• • • •
2013: Estimate based on estimated MCV1. Estimate challenged by: D-
Official NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
Administrative NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
Survey NA NA NA 85.8 86.5 NA NA NA 90.7 87 NA NA
The WHO and UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage (wuenic) are based on data and information
that are of varying, and, in some instances, unknown quality. Beginning with the 2011 revision we describe
the grade of confidence (GoC) we have in these estimates. As there is no underlying probability model upon
which the estimates are based, we are unable to present classical measures of uncertainty, e.g., confidence
intervals. Moreover, we have chosen not to make subjective estimates of plausibility/certainty ranges around
the coverage. The GoC reflects the degree of empirical support upon which the estimates are based. It is
not a judgment of the quality of data reported by national authorities.
••• Estimate is supported by reported data [R+], coverage recalculated with an independent denominator
from the World Population Prospects: 2022 revision from the UN Population Division (D+), and at
least one supporting survey within 2 years [S+]. While well supported, the estimate still carries a risk
of being wrong.
•• Estimate is supported by at least one data source; [R+], [S+], or [D+]; and no data source, [R-], [D-], or
[S-], challenges the estimate.
• There are no directly supporting data; or data from at least one source; [R-], [D-], [S-]; challenge the estimate.
In all cases these estimates should be used with caution and should be assessed in light
of the objective for which they are being used.
July 2, 2024; page 14 WHO and UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage - next revision available July 15, 2025 data received as of June 27, 2024
Ghana - MCV2
Description:
Coverage estimates for the second dose of measles containing vaccine are for children by the
nationally recommended age.
2023: Estimate informed by reported data. Programme reports three months vaccine stockout
at national and subnational levels. Estimate challenged by: D-
2022: Estimate informed by reported data. Programme reports four months vaccine stockout at
national and subnational levels. Estimate challenged by: D-S-
2021: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 73 percent
based on 1 survey(s). Programme notes use of new target population estimates from
2021 Population and Housing Census, which suggest lower values than those indicated
by projections from the prior census. Estimate challenged by: D-
2020: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2019: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2018: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-S-
2017: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-S-
2016: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 72 percent
based on 1 survey(s). Official estimate based on 2017 EPI coverage survey results. Es-
timate is based on reported data during introduction period. Estimate challenged by:
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 D-
Estimate 52 54 67 63 75 83 83 83 79 83 84 78 2015: Estimate informed by reported data. Reported official government coverage based on 2014
Estimate GoC • • • • • • • • • • • •
DHS results. Estimate challenged by: D-
Official 52 54 67 63 75 83 83 83 79 83 84 78
Administrative 58 54 67 72 74 83 85 87 81 85 84 82
2014: Estimate informed by reported data. . Estimate challenged by: D-
Survey 63.2 NA NA NA 72 NA NA NA NA 72.5 NA NA 2013: Estimate informed by reported data. Measles rubella vaccine introduced in September
2013. Estimate challenged by: D-
The WHO and UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage (wuenic) are based on data and information 2012: Estimate informed by reported data. Ghana Demographic and Health Survey, 2014 re-
that are of varying, and, in some instances, unknown quality. Beginning with the 2011 revision we describe
the grade of confidence (GoC) we have in these estimates. As there is no underlying probability model upon
sults ignored by working group. Measles second dose introduced in 2012. Recommended
which the estimates are based, we are unable to present classical measures of uncertainty, e.g., confidence at 18 months. Survey may not reflect data for vaccine introduction period. Estimate
intervals. Moreover, we have chosen not to make subjective estimates of plausibility/certainty ranges around challenged by: D-
the coverage. The GoC reflects the degree of empirical support upon which the estimates are based. It is
not a judgment of the quality of data reported by national authorities.
••• Estimate is supported by reported data [R+], coverage recalculated with an independent denominator
from the World Population Prospects: 2022 revision from the UN Population Division (D+), and at
least one supporting survey within 2 years [S+]. While well supported, the estimate still carries a risk
of being wrong.
•• Estimate is supported by at least one data source; [R+], [S+], or [D+]; and no data source, [R-], [D-], or
[S-], challenges the estimate.
• There are no directly supporting data; or data from at least one source; [R-], [D-], [S-]; challenge the estimate.
In all cases these estimates should be used with caution and should be assessed in light
of the objective for which they are being used.
July 2, 2024; page 15 WHO and UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage - next revision available July 15, 2025 data received as of June 27, 2024
Ghana - YFV
Description:
2023: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2022: Estimate informed by reported data. Reported data accepted consistent with other anti-
gens recommended for administration at the same age. Estimate challenged by: D-S-
2021: Estimate is based on estimated coverage for MCV1. Adjustment used to derive reported
official coverage differs from that used for MCV1. Programme notes use of new target
population estimates from 2021 Population and Housing Census, which suggest lower
values than those indicated by projections from the prior census. Estimate challenged
by: D-R-
2020: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 90 percent
based on 1 survey(s). Estimate challenged by: D-
2019: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2018: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2017: Estimate informed by reported data. Programme reports stockout of 4 months. Estimate
challenged by: D-
2016: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 82 percent
based on 1 survey(s). Official estimate based on 2017 EPI coverage survey results. Pro-
gramme reports a two months vaccine stockout at national level. Decrease in admin data
may be at least in part due to the stockout. Estimate challenged by: D-
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2015: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 85 percent
Estimate 88 87 92 88 88 86 91 92 88 94 95 88 based on 1 survey(s). Reported official government coverage based on 2014 DHS results.
Estimate GoC • • • • • • • • • • • •
Estimate challenged by: D-
Official 88 87 92 88 88 86 91 92 88 84 95 88
Administrative 92 87 92 95 85 86 94 95 90 97 95 85
2014: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
Survey 87.7 88 NA 84.6 82.3 NA NA NA 90.2 84 NA NA 2013: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 88 percent
based on 1 survey(s). Estimate challenged by: D-
The WHO and UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage (wuenic) are based on data and information 2012: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 88 percent
that are of varying, and, in some instances, unknown quality. Beginning with the 2011 revision we describe
the grade of confidence (GoC) we have in these estimates. As there is no underlying probability model upon
based on 1 survey(s). Estimate challenged by: D-
which the estimates are based, we are unable to present classical measures of uncertainty, e.g., confidence
intervals. Moreover, we have chosen not to make subjective estimates of plausibility/certainty ranges around
the coverage. The GoC reflects the degree of empirical support upon which the estimates are based. It is
not a judgment of the quality of data reported by national authorities.
••• Estimate is supported by reported data [R+], coverage recalculated with an independent denominator
from the World Population Prospects: 2022 revision from the UN Population Division (D+), and at
least one supporting survey within 2 years [S+]. While well supported, the estimate still carries a risk
of being wrong.
•• Estimate is supported by at least one data source; [R+], [S+], or [D+]; and no data source, [R-], [D-], or
[S-], challenges the estimate.
• There are no directly supporting data; or data from at least one source; [R-], [D-], [S-]; challenge the estimate.
In all cases these estimates should be used with caution and should be assessed in light
of the objective for which they are being used.
July 2, 2024; page 16 WHO and UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage - next revision available July 15, 2025 data received as of June 27, 2024
Ghana - MengA
Description:
Estimates for one dose of meningococcal A conjugate (MengA) vaccine begin with the year
that the vaccine was first delivered through routine immunization servces and data were
reported among countries in the meningitis belt of sub-Saharan Africa.
2023: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2022: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2021: Estimate informed by reported data. Programme notes use of new target population esti-
mates from 2021 Population and Housing Census, which suggest lower values than those
indicated by projections from the prior census. Estimate challenged by: D-
2020: Estimate informed by reported data supported by survey. Survey evidence of 74 percent
based on 1 survey(s). Estimate challenged by: D-
2019: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2018: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2017: Estimate informed by reported data. Estimate challenged by: D-
2016: Estimate informed by reported data. Ghana Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2017-18
results ignored by working group. Meningitis A vaccine introduced during 2016. Survey
results ignored due to vaccine introduction. Official estimate based on 2017 EPI coverage
survey results. GoC=R+ D+
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
Estimate NA NA NA NA 13 82 83 79 71 81 81 76
Estimate GoC NA NA NA NA •• • • • • • • •
Official NA NA NA NA NA 82 83 79 71 81 81 76
Administrative NA NA NA NA 13 82 85 81 73 83 81 86
Survey NA NA NA 46.9 24.5 NA NA NA 74.3 NA NA NA
The WHO and UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage (wuenic) are based on data and information
that are of varying, and, in some instances, unknown quality. Beginning with the 2011 revision we describe
the grade of confidence (GoC) we have in these estimates. As there is no underlying probability model upon
which the estimates are based, we are unable to present classical measures of uncertainty, e.g., confidence
intervals. Moreover, we have chosen not to make subjective estimates of plausibility/certainty ranges around
the coverage. The GoC reflects the degree of empirical support upon which the estimates are based. It is
not a judgment of the quality of data reported by national authorities.
••• Estimate is supported by reported data [R+], coverage recalculated with an independent denominator
from the World Population Prospects: 2022 revision from the UN Population Division (D+), and at
least one supporting survey within 2 years [S+]. While well supported, the estimate still carries a risk
of being wrong.
•• Estimate is supported by at least one data source; [R+], [S+], or [D+]; and no data source, [R-], [D-], or
[S-], challenges the estimate.
• There are no directly supporting data; or data from at least one source; [R-], [D-], [S-]; challenge the estimate.
In all cases these estimates should be used with caution and should be assessed in light
of the objective for which they are being used.
July 2, 2024; page 17 WHO and UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage - next revision available July 15, 2025 data received as of June 27, 2024
Ghana - survey details
NOTE: A survey to measure vaccination coverage for infants (i.e., children Hib3 C or H <12 months 87.9 12-23 m 1823 88
aged 0-11 months) will sample children aged 12-23 months at the time of Hib3 Card 84.2 12-23 m 1602 88
survey to capture the youngest annual cohort of children who should have Hib3 Card or History 89 12-23 m 1823 88
completed the vaccination schedule. Because WUENIC are for infant Hib3 History 4.8 12-23 m 221 88
vaccinations, survey data in this report are presented to reflect the birth IPV1 C or H <12 months 91 12-23 m 1823 88
year of the youngest survey cohort. For example, results for a survey IPV1 Card 83.2 12-23 m 1602 88
conducted during December 2020 among children aged 12-23 months at the time IPV1 Card or History 92.4 12-23 m 1823 88
of the survey reflect the immunization experience of children born in 2019. IPV1 History 9.1 12-23 m 221 88
Depending on the timing of survey field work, results may reflect the MCV1 C or H <12 months 80.4 12-23 m 1823 88
immunization experience of children born and vaccinated 1 or 2 years prior MCV1 Card 79.2 12-23 m 1602 88
to the survey field work. MCV1 Card or History 87 12-23 m 1823 88
MCV1 History 7.8 12-23 m 221 88
MCV2 C or H <12 months 69.3 24-35 m 1546 78
2021 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey 2022 MCV2 Card 61.4 24-35 m 1213 78
MCV2 Card or History 72.5 24-35 m 1546 78
Vaccine Confirmation method Coverage Age cohort Sample Cards seen MCV2 History 11.1 24-35 m 333 78
BCG C or H <12 months 95 12-23 m 1823 88 PcV1 C or H <12 months 96.5 12-23 m 1823 88
BCG Card 85.2 12-23 m 1602 88 PcV1 Card 87.2 12-23 m 1602 88
BCG Card or History 95.3 12-23 m 1823 88 PcV1 Card or History 96.7 12-23 m 1823 88
BCG History 10.1 12-23 m 221 88 PcV1 History 9.5 12-23 m 221 88
DTP1 C or H <12 months 96.9 12-23 m 1823 88 PcV3 C or H <12 months 87 12-23 m 1823 88
DTP1 Card 87.4 12-23 m 1602 88 PcV3 Card 84 12-23 m 1602 88
DTP1 Card or History 97.1 12-23 m 1823 88 PcV3 Card or History 88.2 12-23 m 1823 88
DTP1 History 9.7 12-23 m 221 88 PcV3 History 4.2 12-23 m 221 88
DTP3 C or H <12 months 87.9 12-23 m 1823 88 Pol1 C or H <12 months 95.4 12-23 m 1823 88
DTP3 Card 84.2 12-23 m 1602 88 Pol1 Card 87.3 12-23 m 1602 88
DTP3 Card or History 89 12-23 m 1823 88 Pol1 Card or History 95.5 12-23 m 1823 88
DTP3 History 4.8 12-23 m 221 88 Pol1 History 8.2 12-23 m 221 88
HepB1 C or H <12 months 96.9 12-23 m 1823 88 Pol3 C or H <12 months 83.1 12-23 m 1823 88
HepB1 Card 87.4 12-23 m 1602 88 Pol3 Card 82 12-23 m 1602 88
HepB1 Card or History 97.1 12-23 m 1823 88 Pol3 Card or History 84.1 12-23 m 1823 88
HepB1 History 9.7 12-23 m 221 88 Pol3 History 2.1 12-23 m 221 88
HepB3 C or H <12 months 87.9 12-23 m 1823 88 RotaC C or H <12 months 91.8 12-23 m 1823 88
HepB3 Card 84.2 12-23 m 1602 88 RotaC Card 84.9 12-23 m 1602 88
HepB3 Card or History 89 12-23 m 1823 88 RotaC Card or History 92.5 12-23 m 1823 88
HepB3 History 4.8 12-23 m 221 88 RotaC History 7.6 12-23 m 221 88
Hib1 C or H <12 months 96.9 12-23 m 1823 88 YFV C or H <12 months 76.1 12-23 m 1823 88
Hib1 Card 87.4 12-23 m 1602 88 YFV Card 77.1 12-23 m 1602 88
Hib1 Card or History 97.1 12-23 m 1823 88 YFV Card or History 84 12-23 m 1823 88
Hib1 History 9.7 12-23 m 221 88 YFV History 6.9 12-23 m 221 88
July 2, 2024; page 18 WHO and UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage - next revision available July 15, 2025 data received as of June 27, 2024
Ghana - survey details
MCV1 History 15.8 24-35 m 333 78
MengA C or H <12 months 70.1 24-35 m 1546 78
2020 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey 2022 MengA Card 59.3 24-35 m 1213 78
MengA Card or History 74.3 24-35 m 1546 78
Vaccine Confirmation method Coverage Age cohort Sample Cards seen MengA History 15 24-35 m 333 78
BCG C or H <12 months 94.4 24-35 m 1546 78 PcV1 C or H <12 months 94.7 24-35 m 1546 78
BCG Card 76.1 24-35 m 1213 78 PcV1 Card 78 24-35 m 1213 78
BCG Card or History 95 24-35 m 1546 78 PcV1 Card or History 95.6 24-35 m 1546 78
BCG History 18.9 24-35 m 333 78 PcV1 History 17.5 24-35 m 333 78
DTP1 C or H <12 months 94.8 24-35 m 1546 78 PcV3 C or H <12 months 83.2 24-35 m 1546 78
DTP1 Card 78.1 24-35 m 1213 78 PcV3 Card 76.5 24-35 m 1213 78
DTP1 Card or History 95.6 24-35 m 1546 78 PcV3 Card or History 86 24-35 m 1546 78
DTP1 History 17.5 24-35 m 333 78 PcV3 History 9.5 24-35 m 333 78
DTP3 C or H <12 months 83.4 24-35 m 1546 78 Pol1 C or H <12 months 92.6 24-35 m 1546 78
DTP3 Card 76.6 24-35 m 1213 78 Pol1 Card 78.1 24-35 m 1213 78
DTP3 Card or History 85.9 24-35 m 1546 78 Pol1 Card or History 93.5 24-35 m 1546 78
DTP3 History 9.4 24-35 m 333 78 Pol1 History 15.4 24-35 m 333 78
HepB1 C or H <12 months 94.8 24-35 m 1546 78 Pol3 C or H <12 months 74.8 24-35 m 1546 78
HepB1 Card 78.1 24-35 m 1213 78 Pol3 Card 72.6 24-35 m 1213 78
HepB1 Card or History 95.6 24-35 m 1546 78 Pol3 Card or History 77.2 24-35 m 1546 78
HepB1 History 17.5 24-35 m 333 78 Pol3 History 4.5 24-35 m 333 78
HepB3 C or H <12 months 83.4 24-35 m 1546 78 RotaC C or H <12 months 87.2 24-35 m 1546 78
HepB3 Card 76.6 24-35 m 1213 78 RotaC Card 75.8 24-35 m 1213 78
HepB3 Card or History 85.9 24-35 m 1546 78 RotaC Card or History 89.2 24-35 m 1546 78
HepB3 History 9.4 24-35 m 333 78 RotaC History 13.4 24-35 m 333 78
Hib1 C or H <12 months 94.8 24-35 m 1546 78 YFV C or H <12 months 80.5 24-35 m 1546 78
Hib1 Card 78.1 24-35 m 1213 78 YFV Card 74.1 24-35 m 1213 78
Hib1 Card or History 95.6 24-35 m 1546 78 YFV Card or History 90.2 24-35 m 1546 78
Hib1 History 17.5 24-35 m 333 78 YFV History 16.1 24-35 m 333 78
Hib3 C or H <12 months 83.4 24-35 m 1546 78
Hib3 Card 76.6 24-35 m 1213 78
2016 Ghana Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2017-18
Hib3 Card or History 85.9 24-35 m 1546 78
Hib3 History 9.4 24-35 m 333 78
IPV1 C or H <12 months 90.5 24-35 m 1546 78 Vaccine Confirmation method Coverage Age cohort Sample Cards seen
IPV1 Card 76 24-35 m 1213 78 BCG C or H <12 months 93.5 12-23 m 1694 88
IPV1 Card or History 93.7 24-35 m 1546 78 BCG Card 84.3 12-23 m 1694 88
IPV1 History 17.8 24-35 m 333 78 BCG Card or History 93.6 12-23 m 1694 88
MCV1 C or H <12 months 81.6 24-35 m 1546 78 BCG History 9.3 12-23 m 1694 88
MCV1 Card 74.9 24-35 m 1213 78 DTP1 C or H <12 months 95.6 12-23 m 1694 88
MCV1 Card or History 90.7 24-35 m 1546 78 DTP1 Card 87.6 12-23 m 1694 88
July 2, 2024; page 19 WHO and UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage - next revision available July 15, 2025 data received as of June 27, 2024
Ghana - survey details
DTP1 Card or History 95.8 12-23 m 1694 88 PcV3 Card or History 90.2 12-23 m 1694 88
DTP1 History 8.2 12-23 m 1694 88 PcV3 History 5.7 12-23 m 1694 88
DTP3 C or H <12 months 89.3 12-23 m 1694 88 Pol1 C or H <12 months 94.3 12-23 m 1694 88
DTP3 Card 85 12-23 m 1694 88 Pol1 Card 86.7 12-23 m 1694 88
DTP3 Card or History 90.5 12-23 m 1694 88 Pol1 Card or History 94.6 12-23 m 1694 88
DTP3 History 5.6 12-23 m 1694 88 Pol1 History 8 12-23 m 1694 88
HepB1 C or H <12 months 95.6 12-23 m 1694 88 Pol3 C or H <12 months 87.3 12-23 m 1694 88
HepB1 Card 87.6 12-23 m 1694 88 Pol3 Card 84.6 12-23 m 1694 88
HepB1 Card or History 95.8 12-23 m 1694 88 Pol3 Card or History 88.3 12-23 m 1694 88
HepB1 History 8.2 12-23 m 1694 88 Pol3 History 3.7 12-23 m 1694 88
HepB3 C or H <12 months 89.3 12-23 m 1694 88 RotaC C or H <12 months 91.7 12-23 m 1694 88
HepB3 Card 85 12-23 m 1694 88 RotaC Card 85 12-23 m 1694 88
HepB3 Card or History 90.5 12-23 m 1694 88 RotaC Card or History 91.9 12-23 m 1694 88
HepB3 History 5.6 12-23 m 1694 88 RotaC History 6.8 12-23 m 1694 88
Hib1 C or H <12 months 95.6 12-23 m 1694 88 YFV C or H <12 months 82.3 12-23 m 1694 88
Hib1 Card 87.6 12-23 m 1694 88 YFV Card 76 12-23 m 1694 88
Hib1 Card or History 95.8 12-23 m 1694 88 YFV Card or History 82.3 12-23 m 1694 88
Hib1 History 8.2 12-23 m 1694 88 YFV History 6.4 12-23 m 1694 88
Hib3 C or H <12 months 89.3 12-23 m 1694 88
Hib3 Card 85 12-23 m 1694 88
Hib3 Card or History 90.5 12-23 m 1694 88 2015 Ghana Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2017-18
Hib3 History 5.6 12-23 m 1694 88
MCV1 C or H <12 months 81.6 12-23 m 1694 88 Vaccine Confirmation method Coverage Age cohort Sample Cards seen
MCV1 Card 79.4 12-23 m 1694 88 BCG C or H <12 months 90.6 24-35 m 1754 -
MCV1 Card or History 86.5 12-23 m 1694 88 BCG Card 78.4 24-35 m 1754 -
MCV1 History 7.1 12-23 m 1694 88 BCG Card or History 91 24-35 m 1754 -
MCV2 C or H <12 months 71.9 24-35 m 1754 - BCG History 12.6 24-35 m 1754 -
MCV2 Card 63.3 24-35 m 1754 - DTP1 C or H <12 months 90.9 24-35 m 1754 -
MCV2 Card or History 72 24-35 m 1754 - DTP1 Card 79.6 24-35 m 1754 -
MCV2 History 8.6 24-35 m 1754 - DTP1 Card or History 91.3 24-35 m 1754 -
MengA C or H <12 months 0.3 12-23 m 1694 88 DTP1 History 11.7 24-35 m 1754 -
MengA Card 21.6 12-23 m 1694 88 DTP3 C or H <12 months 84.8 24-35 m 1754 -
MengA Card or History 24.5 12-23 m 1694 88 DTP3 Card 78.4 24-35 m 1754 -
MengA History 2.9 12-23 m 1694 88 DTP3 Card or History 85.9 24-35 m 1754 -
PcV1 C or H <12 months 94.3 12-23 m 1694 88 DTP3 History 7.5 24-35 m 1754 -
PcV1 Card 87 12-23 m 1694 88 HepB1 C or H <12 months 90.9 24-35 m 1754 -
PcV1 Card or History 94.5 12-23 m 1694 88 HepB1 Card 79.6 24-35 m 1754 -
PcV1 History 7.5 12-23 m 1694 88 HepB1 Card or History 91.3 24-35 m 1754 -
PcV3 C or H <12 months 88.9 12-23 m 1694 88 HepB1 History 11.7 24-35 m 1754 -
PcV3 Card 84.5 12-23 m 1694 88 HepB3 C or H <12 months 84.8 24-35 m 1754 -
July 2, 2024; page 20 WHO and UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage - next revision available July 15, 2025 data received as of June 27, 2024
Ghana - survey details
HepB3 Card 78.4 24-35 m 1754 - YFV Card 74.1 24-35 m 1754 -
HepB3 Card or History 85.9 24-35 m 1754 - YFV Card or History 84.6 24-35 m 1754 -
HepB3 History 7.5 24-35 m 1754 - YFV History 10.5 24-35 m 1754 -
Hib1 C or H <12 months 90.9 24-35 m 1754 -
Hib1 Card 79.6 24-35 m 1754 -
Hib1 Card or History 91.3 24-35 m 1754 - 2013 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey, 2014
Hib1 History 11.7 24-35 m 1754 -
Hib3 C or H <12 months 84.8 24-35 m 1754 - Vaccine Confirmation method Coverage Age cohort Sample Cards seen
Hib3 Card 78.4 24-35 m 1754 - BCG C or H <12 months 96.6 12-23 m 1113 88
Hib3 Card or History 85.9 24-35 m 1754 - BCG Card 86.8 12-23 m 982 88
Hib3 History 7.5 24-35 m 1754 - BCG Card or History 96.8 12-23 m 1113 88
MCV1 C or H <12 months 80.3 24-35 m 1754 - BCG History 10 12-23 m 132 88
MCV1 Card 74.6 24-35 m 1754 - DTP1 C or H <12 months 96.5 12-23 m 1113 88
MCV1 Card or History 85.8 24-35 m 1754 - DTP1 Card 87.2 12-23 m 982 88
MCV1 History 11.2 24-35 m 1754 - DTP1 Card or History 96.6 12-23 m 1113 88
MengA C or H <12 months 1.7 24-35 m 1754 - DTP1 History 9.4 12-23 m 132 88
MengA Card 39.9 24-35 m 1754 - DTP3 C or H <12 months 87.7 12-23 m 1113 88
MengA Card or History 46.9 24-35 m 1754 - DTP3 Card 84.4 12-23 m 982 88
MengA History 7 24-35 m 1754 - DTP3 Card or History 88.5 12-23 m 1113 88
PcV1 C or H <12 months 89.8 24-35 m 1754 - DTP3 History 4.1 12-23 m 132 88
PcV1 Card 79.7 24-35 m 1754 - HepB1 C or H <12 months 96.5 12-23 m 1113 88
PcV1 Card or History 90.1 24-35 m 1754 - HepB1 Card 87.2 12-23 m 982 88
PcV1 History 10.4 24-35 m 1754 - HepB1 Card or History 96.6 12-23 m 1113 88
PcV3 C or H <12 months 83 24-35 m 1754 - HepB1 History 9.4 12-23 m 132 88
PcV3 Card 77.8 24-35 m 1754 - HepB3 C or H <12 months 87.7 12-23 m 1113 88
PcV3 Card or History 84.2 24-35 m 1754 - HepB3 Card 84.4 12-23 m 982 88
PcV3 History 6.4 24-35 m 1754 - HepB3 Card or History 88.5 12-23 m 1113 88
Pol1 C or H <12 months 90.2 24-35 m 1754 - HepB3 History 4.1 12-23 m 132 88
Pol1 Card 79.1 24-35 m 1754 - Hib1 C or H <12 months 96.5 12-23 m 1113 88
Pol1 Card or History 90.5 24-35 m 1754 - Hib1 Card 87.2 12-23 m 982 88
Pol1 History 11.3 24-35 m 1754 - Hib1 Card or History 96.6 12-23 m 1113 88
Pol3 C or H <12 months 82.1 24-35 m 1754 - Hib1 History 9.4 12-23 m 132 88
Pol3 Card 77.9 24-35 m 1754 - Hib3 C or H <12 months 87.7 12-23 m 1113 88
Pol3 Card or History 83.3 24-35 m 1754 - Hib3 Card 84.4 12-23 m 982 88
Pol3 History 5.3 24-35 m 1754 - Hib3 Card or History 88.5 12-23 m 1113 88
RotaC C or H <12 months 87.5 24-35 m 1754 - Hib3 History 4.1 12-23 m 132 88
RotaC Card 78.8 24-35 m 1754 - MCV1 C or H <12 months 82.5 12-23 m 1113 88
RotaC Card or History 88.1 24-35 m 1754 - MCV1 Card 80.5 12-23 m 982 88
RotaC History 9.3 24-35 m 1754 - MCV1 Card or History 89.3 12-23 m 1113 88
YFV C or H <12 months 78.6 24-35 m 1754 - MCV1 History 8.8 12-23 m 132 88
July 2, 2024; page 21 WHO and UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage - next revision available July 15, 2025 data received as of June 27, 2024
Ghana - survey details
MCV2 C or H <24 months 59.5 24-35 m 1090 - DTP3 Card or History 85.8 24-35 m 1090 -
PcV1 C or H <12 months 93.2 12-23 m 1113 88 DTP3 History 9.7 24-35 m 218 -
PcV1 Card 85.1 12-23 m 982 88 HepB1 C or H <12 months 96.2 24-35 m 1090 -
PcV1 Card or History 93.3 12-23 m 1113 88 HepB1 Card 78.6 24-35 m 872 -
PcV1 History 8.2 12-23 m 132 88 HepB1 Card or History 96.4 24-35 m 1090 -
PcV3 C or H <12 months 83 12-23 m 1113 88 HepB1 History 17.8 24-35 m 218 -
PcV3 Card 80.3 12-23 m 982 88 HepB3 C or H <12 months 85.6 24-35 m 1090 -
PcV3 Card or History 84.2 12-23 m 1113 88 HepB3 Card 76.1 24-35 m 872 -
PcV3 History 3.9 12-23 m 132 88 HepB3 Card or History 85.8 24-35 m 1090 -
Pol1 C or H <12 months 97 12-23 m 1113 88 HepB3 History 9.7 24-35 m 218 -
Pol1 Card 87.9 12-23 m 982 88 Hib1 C or H <12 months 96.2 24-35 m 1090 -
Pol1 Card or History 97.1 12-23 m 1113 88 Hib1 Card 78.6 24-35 m 872 -
Pol1 History 9.2 12-23 m 132 88 Hib1 Card or History 96.4 24-35 m 1090 -
Pol3 C or H <12 months 83.3 12-23 m 1113 88 Hib1 History 17.8 24-35 m 218 -
Pol3 Card 82.7 12-23 m 982 88 Hib3 C or H <12 months 85.6 24-35 m 1090 -
Pol3 Card or History 84 12-23 m 1113 88 Hib3 Card 76.1 24-35 m 872 -
Pol3 History 1.4 12-23 m 132 88 Hib3 Card or History 85.8 24-35 m 1090 -
RotaC C or H <12 months 88.5 12-23 m 1113 88 Hib3 History 9.7 24-35 m 218 -
RotaC Card 82.5 12-23 m 982 88 MCV1 C or H <12 months 89.5 24-35 m 1090 -
RotaC Card or History 88.7 12-23 m 1113 88 MCV1 Card 72.8 24-35 m 872 -
RotaC History 6.2 12-23 m 132 88 MCV1 Card or History 90 24-35 m 1090 -
YFV C or H <12 months 79.1 12-23 m 1113 88 MCV1 History 17.2 24-35 m 218 -
YFV Card 79.4 12-23 m 982 88 MCV2 Card 51.5 24-35 m 872 -
YFV Card or History 88 12-23 m 1113 88 MCV2 Card or History 63.2 24-35 m 1090 -
YFV History 8.6 12-23 m 132 88 MCV2 History 11.6 24-35 m 218 -
PcV1 C or H <12 months 74.7 24-35 m 1090 -
PcV1 Card 60.8 24-35 m 872 -
2012 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey, 2014 PcV1 Card or History 75 24-35 m 1090 -
PcV1 History 14.3 24-35 m 218 -
Vaccine Confirmation method Coverage Age cohort Sample Cards seen PcV3 C or H <12 months 60.8 24-35 m 1090 -
BCG C or H <12 months 96.6 24-35 m 1090 - PcV3 Card 52.9 24-35 m 872 -
BCG Card 78.7 24-35 m 872 - PcV3 Card or History 61.3 24-35 m 1090 -
BCG Card or History 96.6 24-35 m 1090 - PcV3 History 8.3 24-35 m 218 -
BCG History 17.9 24-35 m 218 - Pol1 C or H <12 months 96.2 24-35 m 1090 -
DTP1 C or H <12 months 96.2 24-35 m 1090 - Pol1 Card 79.3 24-35 m 872 -
DTP1 Card 78.6 24-35 m 872 - Pol1 Card or History 96.3 24-35 m 1090 -
DTP1 Card or History 96.4 24-35 m 1090 - Pol1 History 17 24-35 m 218 -
DTP1 History 17.8 24-35 m 218 - Pol3 C or H <12 months 79.9 24-35 m 1090 -
DTP3 C or H <12 months 85.6 24-35 m 1090 - Pol3 Card 75.8 24-35 m 872 -
DTP3 Card 76.1 24-35 m 872 - Pol3 Card or History 79.8 24-35 m 1090 -
July 2, 2024; page 22 WHO and UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage - next revision available July 15, 2025 data received as of June 27, 2024
Ghana - survey details
Pol3 History 3.9 24-35 m 218 -
RotaC C or H <12 months 65.6 24-35 m 1090 - Vaccine Confirmation method Coverage Age cohort Sample Cards seen
RotaC Card 54.9 24-35 m 872 - BCG C or H <12 months 97.8 12-23 m 1453 89
RotaC Card or History 66.2 24-35 m 1090 - BCG Card 86.4 12-23 m - 89
RotaC History 11.3 24-35 m 218 - BCG Card or History 98.1 12-23 m 1453 89
YFV C or H <12 months 87 24-35 m 1090 - BCG History 11.7 12-23 m - 89
YFV Card 71.8 24-35 m 872 - DTP1 C or H <12 months 97.7 12-23 m 1453 89
YFV Card or History 87.7 24-35 m 1090 - DTP1 Card 87.6 12-23 m - 89
YFV History 15.9 24-35 m 218 - DTP1 Card or History 98.4 12-23 m 1453 89
DTP1 History 10.8 12-23 m - 89
DTP3 C or H <12 months 92.1 12-23 m 1453 89
2011 Ghana EPI Cluster Survey 2012 DTP3 Card 85.3 12-23 m - 89
DTP3 Card or History 92.9 12-23 m 1453 89
DTP3 History 7.6 12-23 m - 89
Vaccine Confirmation method Coverage Age cohort Sample Cards seen
HepB1 C or H <12 months 97.7 12-23 m 1453 89
BCG Card 96.3 12-23 m 300 98
HepB1 Card 87.6 12-23 m - 89
BCG Card or History 99.3 12-23 m 300 98
HepB1 Card or History 98.4 12-23 m 1453 89
DTP1 Card 97.8 12-23 m 300 98
HepB1 History 10.8 12-23 m - 89
DTP1 Card or History 99.7 12-23 m 300 98
HepB3 C or H <12 months 92.1 12-23 m 1453 89
DTP3 Card 95.3 12-23 m 300 98
HepB3 Card 85.3 12-23 m - 89
DTP3 Card or History 97 12-23 m 300 98
HepB3 Card or History 92.9 12-23 m 1453 89
HepB1 Card 97.8 12-23 m 300 98
HepB3 History 7.6 12-23 m - 89
HepB1 Card or History 99.7 12-23 m 300 98
Hib1 C or H <12 months 97.7 12-23 m 1453 89
HepB3 Card 95.3 12-23 m 300 98
Hib1 Card 87.6 12-23 m - 89
HepB3 Card or History 97 12-23 m 300 98
Hib1 Card or History 98.4 12-23 m 1453 89
Hib1 Card 97.8 12-23 m 300 98
Hib1 History 10.8 12-23 m - 89
Hib1 Card or History 99.7 12-23 m 300 98
Hib3 C or H <12 months 92.1 12-23 m 1453 89
Hib3 Card 95.3 12-23 m 300 98
Hib3 Card 85.3 12-23 m - 89
Hib3 Card or History 97 12-23 m 300 98
Hib3 Card or History 92.9 12-23 m 1453 89
MCV1 Card 92 12-23 m 300 98
Hib3 History 7.6 12-23 m - 89
MCV1 Card or History 94 12-23 m 300 98
MCV1 C or H <12 months 88.5 12-23 m 1453 89
Pol1 Card 97.8 12-23 m 300 98
MCV1 Card 80.7 12-23 m - 89
Pol1 Card or History 99.7 12-23 m 300 98
MCV1 Card or History 93.7 12-23 m 1453 89
Pol3 Card 97 12-23 m 300 98
MCV1 History 13.1 12-23 m - 89
Pol3 Card or History 97 12-23 m 300 98
Pol1 C or H <12 months 98 12-23 m 1453 89
YFV Card 91.3 12-23 m 300 98
Pol1 Card 87.1 12-23 m - 89
YFV Card or History 93.3 12-23 m 300 98
Pol1 Card or History 98.6 12-23 m 1453 89
Pol1 History 11.5 12-23 m - 89
2010 Ghana Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey with an Enhanced Malaria Pol3 C or H <12 months 90.7 12-23 m 1453 89
Pol3 Card 84.9 12-23 m - 89
Module and Biomarker 2011
July 2, 2024; page 23 WHO and UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage - next revision available July 15, 2025 data received as of June 27, 2024
Ghana - survey details
Pol3 Card or History 91.2 12-23 m 1453 89 2005 Ghana Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2006
Pol3 History 6.4 12-23 m - 89
YFV C or H <12 months 88.3 12-23 m 1453 89 Vaccine Confirmation method Coverage Age cohort Sample Cards seen
YFV Card 81.2 12-23 m - 89 BCG C or H <12 months 94.2 12-23 m 706 85
YFV Card or History 93.8 12-23 m 1453 89
BCG Card 83.4 12-23 m 706 85
YFV History 12.5 12-23 m - 89
BCG Card or History 94.3 12-23 m 706 85
BCG History 10.8 12-23 m 706 85
2007 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey 2008 DTP1 C or H <12 months 93.8 12-23 m 706 85
DTP1 Card 84 12-23 m 706 85
DTP1 Card or History 94.2 12-23 m 706 85
Vaccine Confirmation method Coverage Age cohort Sample Cards seen DTP1 History 10.2 12-23 m 706 85
BCG C or H <12 months 95.6 12-23 m 552 86 DTP3 C or H <12 months 81.4 12-23 m 706 85
BCG Card 83 12-23 m 552 86 DTP3 Card 77.8 12-23 m 706 85
BCG Card or History 95.8 12-23 m 552 86 DTP3 Card or History 83.5 12-23 m 706 85
BCG History 12.8 12-23 m 552 86 DTP3 History 5.7 12-23 m 706 85
DTP1 C or H <12 months 97.6 12-23 m 552 86 HepB1 C or H <12 months 93.8 12-23 m 706 85
DTP1 Card 85.1 12-23 m 552 86 HepB1 Card 84 12-23 m 706 85
DTP1 Card or History 98 12-23 m 552 86 HepB1 Card or History 94.2 12-23 m 706 85
DTP1 History 13 12-23 m 552 86 HepB1 History 10.2 12-23 m 706 85
DTP3 C or H <12 months 87.7 12-23 m 552 86 HepB3 C or H <12 months 81.4 12-23 m 706 85
DTP3 Card 82 12-23 m 552 86 HepB3 Card 77.8 12-23 m 706 85
DTP3 Card or History 88.8 12-23 m 552 86 HepB3 Card or History 83.5 12-23 m 706 85
DTP3 History 6.8 12-23 m 552 86 HepB3 History 5.7 12-23 m 706 85
MCV1 C or H <12 months 79.9 12-23 m 552 86 Hib1 C or H <12 months 93.8 12-23 m 706 85
MCV1 Card 79.3 12-23 m 552 86 Hib1 Card 84 12-23 m 706 85
MCV1 Card or History 90.2 12-23 m 552 86 Hib1 Card or History 94.2 12-23 m 706 85
MCV1 History 10.9 12-23 m 552 86 Hib1 History 10.2 12-23 m 706 85
Pol1 C or H <12 months 96.8 12-23 m 552 86 Hib3 C or H <12 months 81.4 12-23 m 706 85
Pol1 Card 85.1 12-23 m 552 86 Hib3 Card 77.8 12-23 m 706 85
Pol1 Card or History 97.2 12-23 m 552 86 Hib3 Card or History 83.5 12-23 m 706 85
Pol1 History 12.2 12-23 m 552 86 Hib3 History 5.7 12-23 m 706 85
Pol3 C or H <12 months 84.7 12-23 m 552 86 MCV1 C or H <12 months 77.7 12-23 m 706 85
Pol3 Card 81.4 12-23 m 552 86 MCV1 Card 74.5 12-23 m 706 85
Pol3 Card or History 86.4 12-23 m 552 86 MCV1 Card or History 85.4 12-23 m 706 85
Pol3 History 5.1 12-23 m 552 86 MCV1 History 10.9 12-23 m 706 85
YFV C or H <12 months 77.8 12-23 m 552 86 Pol1 C or H <12 months 95.8 12-23 m 706 85
YFV Card 78.9 12-23 m 552 86 Pol1 Card 83.9 12-23 m 706 85
YFV Card or History 89.1 12-23 m 552 86 Pol1 Card or History 96.2 12-23 m 706 85
YFV History 10.2 12-23 m 552 86 Pol1 History 12.3 12-23 m 706 85
Pol3 C or H <12 months 80.1 12-23 m 706 85
July 2, 2024; page 24 WHO and UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage - next revision available July 15, 2025 data received as of June 27, 2024
Ghana - survey details
Pol3 Card 76.4 12-23 m 706 85 Pol1 Card or history 93 12-23 m 695 83
Pol3 Card or History 82.4 12-23 m 706 85 Pol1 History 11.5 12-23 m 695 83
Pol3 History 6.1 12-23 m 706 85 Pol3 C or H <12 months 75.9 12-23 m 695 83
YFV C or H <12 months 76.7 12-23 m 706 85 Pol3 Card 74.3 12-23 m 695 83
YFV Card 73.9 12-23 m 706 85 Pol3 Card or history 79.2 12-23 m 695 83
YFV Card or History 84.4 12-23 m 706 85 Pol3 History 4.9 12-23 m 695 83
YFV History 10.5 12-23 m 706 85 YFV C or H <12 months 58.5 12-23 m 695 83
YFV Card 68.6 12-23 m 695 83
YFV Card or history 76.6 12-23 m 695 83
2002 Ghana National Demographic and Health Survey 2003 YFV History 8 12-23 m 695 83
Vaccine Confirmation method Coverage Age cohort Sample Cards seen 1997 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey 1998
BCG C or H <12 months 90 12-23 m 695 83
BCG Card 79.2 12-23 m 695 83
BCG Card or history 91.1 12-23 m 695 83 Vaccine Confirmation method Coverage Age cohort Sample Cards seen
BCG History 12 12-23 m 695 83 BCG C or H <12 months 85.9 12-23 m 1193 76
DTP1 C or H <12 months 90 12-23 m 695 83 BCG Card or History 84.4 12-23 m 1193 76
DTP1 Card 80.5 12-23 m 695 83 DTP1 C or H <12 months 87.7 12-23 m 1193 76
DTP1 Card or history 90.8 12-23 m 695 83 DTP1 Card or History 82.4 12-23 m 1193 76
DTP1 History 10.4 12-23 m 695 83 DTP3 C or H <12 months 67.6 12-23 m 1193 76
DTP3 C or H <12 months 76.9 12-23 m 695 83 DTP3 Card or History 59.3 12-23 m 1193 76
DTP3 Card 74.5 12-23 m 695 83 MCV1 C or H <12 months 60.9 12-23 m 1193 76
DTP3 Card or history 79.5 12-23 m 695 83 MCV1 Card or History 57.5 12-23 m 1193 76
DTP3 History 5 12-23 m 695 83 Pol1 C or H <12 months 89.8 12-23 m 1193 76
MCV1 C or H <12 months 68.8 12-23 m 695 83 Pol1 Card or History 85.2 12-23 m 1193 76
MCV1 Card 74 12-23 m 695 83 Pol3 C or H <12 months 67.1 12-23 m 1193 76
MCV1 Card or history 83.2 12-23 m 695 83 Pol3 Card or History 58.3 12-23 m 1193 76
MCV1 History 9.2 12-23 m 695 83 YFV C or H <12 months 38.9 12-23 m 1193 76
Pol1 C or H <12 months 92.2 12-23 m 695 83 YFV Card or History 39.5 12-23 m 1193 76
Pol1 Card 81.5 12-23 m 695 83
July 2, 2024; page 25 WHO and UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage - next revision available July 15, 2025 data received as of June 27, 2024
Ghana - survey details
Further information and estimates for previous years are available at:
[Link]
[Link]
July 2, 2024; page 26 WHO and UNICEF estimates of national immunization coverage - next revision available July 15, 2025 data received as of June 27, 2024
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