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Addis Ababa Science and Technology University CACE
CEng4122 - Steel and Timber Structures
Compression Members
• CEng4122 - Steel and Timber Structures 1
Sudarshan
Addis Ababa Science and Technology University CACE
OBJECTIVES
On completion of this period you would be
able to
• Introduction
• Forms of compression member
• Classification of cross sections
• Euler Buckling column formula
• Design steps for axially loaded compression member/
check for buckling resistance of column
• CEng4122 - Steel and Timber Structures
C601.43 to 44 2
Sudarshan
Addis Ababa Science and Technology University CACE
INTRODUCTION
A structural member is considered to be a
compression member if it is designed primarily to resist
axial compression, though some bending may also be
present and accounted for in the design.
If the bending action is quite significant, the member
is termed as a beam-column and designed in a
different way
the most common structural elements in an ordinary
structure and are variously termed as columns, posts,
struts or stanchions, etc
• CEng4122 - Steel and Timber Structures
C601.43 to 44 3
Sudarshan
Addis Ababa Science and Technology University CACE
INTRODUCTION
The two main differences between tension and
compression members are:
Tension members are held straight by means of
tensile loads, while, the compressive loads tend to
bend the member out of the plane of loading in case of
compression members
For riveted or bolted connections, the net area will
govern the strength of a tension member, while for
compression members the rivets are assumed to fill
the holes.
• CEng4122 - Steel and Timber Structures
C601.43 to 44 4
Sudarshan
Addis Ababa Science and Technology University CACE
• CEng4122 - Steel and Timber Structures
C601.43 to 44 5
Sudarshan
Addis Ababa Science and Technology University CACE
• CEng4122 - Steel and Timber Structures
C601.43 to 44 6
Sudarshan
Addis Ababa Science and Technology University CACE
• CEng4122 - Steel and Timber Structures
C -601.43 & 44
C601.43 to 44 7
Sudarshan
Addis Ababa Science and Technology University CACE
• CEng4122 - Steel and Timber Structures Addisu Bekele
Addis Ababa Science and Technology University CACE
Classification of sections
the design strength of a cross-section subject to
compression depends on its classification
The EBCS 3 1995 classifies sections into four
categories
According to EBCS 3 1995 (Section 4.3.2), the
classification of sections depends on the classification
of flange and web elements
Class 1 cross sections, also known as plastic sections
Class 2 cross sections (compact sections)
Class 3 sections (semi-compact sections)
Class 4 cross sections, also known as thin-walled
cross-sections
• CEng4122 - Steel and Timber Structures
C601.43 to 44 9
Sudarshan
Addis Ababa Science and Technology University CACE
Elements
• CEng4122 - Steel and Timber Structures
Sudarshan
Addis Ababa Science and Technology University CACE
• CEng4122 - Steel and Timber Structures
C601.43 to 44 11
Sudarshan
Addis Ababa Science and Technology University CACE
• CEng4122 - Steel and Timber Structures
C601.43 to 44 12
Sudarshan
Addis Ababa Science and Technology University CACE
Buckling
Examples
• CEng4122 - Steel and Timber Structures
C601.43 to 44 13
Sudarshan
Addis Ababa Science and Technology University CACE
• CEng4122 - Steel and Timber Structures
C601.43 to 44 14
Sudarshan
Addis Ababa Science and Technology University CACE
Typical cross sections
• CEng4122 - Steel and Timber Structures
C601.43 to 44 15
Sudarshan
Addis Ababa Science and Technology University CACE
Design step for axially loaded
compression members
Step 1: Determine the axial load, Nsd.
Step 2: Determine the buckling length, l, which is a
function of the column length, L, and the statical system
of the column.
Step 3: Select a trial section
Step 4: Determine the Class of the section according to
Section 4.3.2 and Table 4.1.
Step 5: Determine the non-dimensional slenderness
ratio λ (Section [Link]).
• CEng4122 - Steel and Timber Structures
C601.43 to 44 16
Sudarshan
Addis Ababa Science and Technology University CACE
Cont’d..
Step 6: Using Table 4.11 determine the appropriate
buckling curve.
Step 7: Using Table 4.9 find the value of χ . Interpolation
must be used to determine more exact values.
Step 8: Calculate the design buckling resistance N b,Rd of
the member (according to Section 4.5.4). Buckling about
both principal axes must be checked.
Step 9: Check the computed buckling resistance against
the applied load. If the calculate value is inadequate or is
too high, select another section and go back to Step 4.
• CEng4122 - Steel and Timber Structures
C601.43 to 44 17
Sudarshan
Addis Ababa Science and Technology University CACE
(EBCS-3,
Section 4.5.4)
• CEng4122 - Steel and Timber Structures
C601.43 to 44 18
Sudarshan
Addis Ababa Science and Technology University CACE
(EBCS-3,
Section 4.5.4)
• CEng4122 - Steel and Timber Structures
C601.43 to 44 19
Sudarshan
Addis Ababa Science and Technology University CACE
Cont’d..
Calculation of effective area Aeff is explained in
EBCS-3, Section 4.3.4.
• CEng4122 - Steel and Timber Structures
C601.43 to 44 20
Sudarshan
Addis Ababa Science and Technology University CACE
Cont’d..
Calculation of effective area Aeff is explained in
EBCS-3, Section 4.3.4.
(EBCS-3, Table 4.3)
• CEng4122 - Steel and Timber Structures
C601.43 to 44 21
Sudarshan
Addis Ababa Science and Technology University CACE
(EBCS-3,
Figure 4.7)
• CEng4122 - Steel and Timber Structures
C601.43 to 44 22
Sudarshan
Addis Ababa Science and Technology University CACE
(EBCS-3,
Table 4.1)
• CEng4122 - Steel and Timber Structures
C601.43 to 44 23
Sudarshan
Addis Ababa Science and Technology University CACE
Calculation of slenderness ratio is explained in EBCS-3,
Section 4.5.3.
Calculation of non-dimensional slenderness ratio is explained
in EBCS-3, Section [Link].
• CEng4122 - Steel and Timber Structures
C601.43 to 44 24
Sudarshan
Addis Ababa Science and Technology University CACE
(EBCS-3,
Table 4.11)
• CEng4122 - Steel and Timber Structures
C601.43 to 44 25
Sudarshan
Addis Ababa Science and Technology University CACE
(EBCS-3,
Table 4.9)
• CEng4122 - Steel and Timber Structures
C601.43 to 44 26
Sudarshan
Addis Ababa Science and Technology University CACE
Q. 1)
The column B – E on the Figure shown below is under the action
of NSd = 2800 kN. Both sides are pinned. Check the resistance
of the column. Steel grade Fe 430 is used.
h = 310 mm
b = 254 mm
tf = 16.3 mm
tw = 9.1 mm
r = 16.7 mm
A = 11000 mm2
iy = 135 mm
iz = 63.6 mm
• CEng4122 - Steel and Timber Structures
C601.43 to 44 27
Sudarshan
Addis Ababa Science and Technology University CACE
Q. 2)
Determine the design buckling resistance of a 457 x 152 x 52
UB used as a pin-ended column. The column is 3.00 m long and
its steel grade is Fe 360.
h = 449.8 mm
b = 152.4 mm
tf = 10.9 mm
tw = 7.6 mm
r = 10.2 mm
A = 6650 mm2
iy = 179 mm
iz = 31.1 mm
• CEng4122 - Steel and Timber Structures
C601.43 to 44 28
Sudarshan
Addis Ababa Science and Technology University CACE
Designation system
• CEng4122 - Steel and Timber Structures
C601.43 to 44 29
Sudarshan