Physics test notes test on 31.01.
2024; grade:
Important worksheet !
1) It helps javelive fly smoothly through
the air
2) Their shapes are both streamlined
3) Its either for them to move throught the
air
4) If the airplane’s shape would be less
streamlined and airplane would move
fast, its likely for temperature to
increase. That happens because
airplane would face more air resistance,
which would generate heat, due to the
friction, which increases temperature
Important worksheet 2 !
1) 55.7 m/s
2) Skydiver opens a parachute, he starts
decelerating
Working out the speed
Formula
Average speed = distanse / time
Time taken = distance / speed
Distance travelled = speed x time
Force
w=m ✖g
Weight = mass ✖ gravity
Force is measured in Newtons (N)
When car is moving at a constant speed all the sides are equal.
+ (+5N) reaction
(-15N) (+15N)
-Friction + push
(-5N) - weight
Skydiver
When a skydiver jumps from a plane, there are number of stages to their fall
(notebook note):
★ Initially, speed 0. There is no drag (airresistance) until they start
moving, so they accelerate due to their weight.
★ As they speed up, the drag increases, so acceleration decreases.
★ eventually , the drag equals weight, so there is no resultant force, and no
acceleration. They have reached a steady terminal speed.
★ When they open their parachute, the upward force is bigger then their
weight, so they decelerate (slow down)
★ This reduces the air resistance until it equals weight again, and a new
slower steady speed
According to spectrum:
★ A: large unbalanced force, so large acceleration
★ B: fairly large unbalanced force, so fairly large acceleration
★ C: small unbalanced force, so small acceleration
★ D: forces balanced, so no acceleration
Speed x time for a parachutist graph explanation:
C - drag = steady terminal speed
B= acceleration is decreasing
A - no drag, still havent jumped
NOTES:
Why do you not need a thruster in space? (1-2 marks)
—You don't need a thruster in space because there's no air resistance in space.
What is the forces that affect a boat like the arrows (2 maks)
-Slowing Down Force (Friction): This is like when the water tries to hold the boat
back, making it slow down.
-Floating Force (Upward Reaction): It's the water helping the boat stay up and not
sink. The boat pushes water aside, and the water pushes back, keeping the boat
afloat.
-Pulling Down Force (Weight): It's like gravity pulling the boat down. To stay up, the
boat needs the upward force from the water (reaction).
-Moving Forward Force (Push/Pull): Thrust is what makes the boat go forward. It's
like the power from the engine or oars that moves the boat ahead.
How to calculate the speed (6 marks but you can use calculator)
- Same thing as below
What is speed? (1 mark)
-speed is a measure of how fast something or someone is moving.
How to calculate speed so distance over time (1 marks )
Speed
Distance - —----------
Time
Key terms:
★ Acceleration - when speed is changing/ increasing with time
★ Deceleration - when speed is decelararing (slowing down) with time. Its
also termed as negative acceleration.
★ Resultant force -the total amount of force acting on
the object or body along with the direction of the
body.
- When the forces are unbalanced we say there
is a resultant force
★ Speed - A measure of how much distance something moves in unit
time.
★ Unit - used to measure something, speed, length e.g. km/h; cm
★ Streamlined - an object is designed to reduce the air resistance when
moving. e.g. cars, boats, planes
★ Drag - It's the force that makes things slow down when they move
through air or water.
★ Terminal speed - the fastest speed an object reaches when the forces on
it become balanced.
- falling object normally has 2 forces weight and Air resistance/drag. If it’s
a moving vehicle, they are engine thrust and drag.
★ Constant - means staying the same
★ Air resistance -it's the air pushing back and slowing things down when
they move.
★ Friction - It's the force that stops things from sliding easily because
surfaces aren't perfectly smooth. It makes things warm.
★ Lubricant - is a substance put between two surfaces to reduce the
amount of friction between them by lowering the contact between
them e.g. oil.
★ Gravity - It causes the force of weight to act on an object.
★ Tension - is the force which acts on an object when it is stretched or
compressed. E.g. piece of string. It act in the opposite direction to the
extension of the object.
★ Balanced forces - When forces are opposite, equal, they balance out, and
the object stays still or moves at a steady speed with no acceleration.
★ resultant force - It's the total force on an object once you add up or
subtract all the smaller forces acting on it.