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Probability of Independent Variables

The document outlines the process of calculating the joint probability of two independent random variables, XXX and YYY, being less than 1. It provides the probability density function (PDF) for YYY and explains how to compute the individual probabilities for both variables. The final result shows that the probability that both XXX and YYY are less than 1 is 27/64.

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saznin.ete.15
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7 views2 pages

Probability of Independent Variables

The document outlines the process of calculating the joint probability of two independent random variables, XXX and YYY, being less than 1. It provides the probability density function (PDF) for YYY and explains how to compute the individual probabilities for both variables. The final result shows that the probability that both XXX and YYY are less than 1 is 27/64.

Uploaded by

saznin.ete.15
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Step 1: Understanding the Problem

You are given that XXX and YYY are independent random variables. This means that the joint
probability density function (PDF) of XXX and YYY can be written as the product of their
individual PDFs.

We are also given the PDF of YYY as:

fY(y)=316y2for−2<y<2f_Y(y) = \frac{3}{16} y^2 \quad \text{for} \quad -2 < y < 2fY(y)=163


y2for−2<y<2

and fY(y)=0f_Y(y) = 0fY(y)=0 otherwise.

We need to find the probability that both XXX and YYY are less than 1, i.e., P(X<1,Y<1)P(X <
1, Y < 1)P(X<1,Y<1).

Step 2: Probability Formula for Independent Variables

Since XXX and YYY are independent, we can compute the joint probability as the product of the
individual probabilities:

P(X<1,Y<1)=P(X<1)⋅P(Y<1)P(X < 1, Y < 1) = P(X < 1) \cdot P(Y <


1)P(X<1,Y<1)=P(X<1)⋅P(Y<1)

We need to determine P(X<1)P(X < 1)P(X<1) and P(Y<1)P(Y < 1)P(Y<1).

Step 3: Calculate P(Y<1)P(Y < 1)P(Y<1)

To find P(Y<1)P(Y < 1)P(Y<1), we need to integrate the PDF of YYY from −2-2−2 to 111
(since the PDF is defined from −2-2−2 to 222):

P(Y<1)=∫−21fY(y) dy=∫−21316y2 dyP(Y < 1) = \int_{-2}^{1} f_Y(y) \, dy = \int_{-2}^{1} \


frac{3}{16} y^2 \, dyP(Y<1)=∫−21fY(y)dy=∫−21163y2dy

First, compute the integral:

∫316y2 dy=316⋅y33=y316\int \frac{3}{16} y^2 \, dy = \frac{3}{16} \cdot \frac{y^3}{3} = \


frac{y^3}{16}∫163y2dy=163⋅3y3=16y3

Now evaluate it from −2-2−2 to 111:

P(Y<1)=[y316]−21=(1)316−(−2)316P(Y < 1) = \left[ \frac{y^3}{16} \right]_{-2}^{1} = \


frac{(1)^3}{16} - \frac{(-2)^3}{16}P(Y<1)=[16y3]−21=16(1)3−16(−2)3 P(Y<1)=116−
−816=116+816=916P(Y < 1) = \frac{1}{16} - \frac{-8}{16} = \frac{1}{16} + \frac{8}{16} = \
frac{9}{16}P(Y<1)=161−16−8=161+168=169
So, P(Y<1)=916P(Y < 1) = \frac{9}{16}P(Y<1)=169.

Step 4: Calculate P(X<1)P(X < 1)P(X<1)

Since the PDF of XXX is not provided, we assume that P(X<1)P(X < 1)P(X<1) is given or can
be calculated based on the PDF of XXX. If the distribution of XXX is uniform between −2-2−2
and 222, the PDF would be:

fX(x)=14for−2<x<2f_X(x) = \frac{1}{4} \quad \text{for} \quad -2 < x < 2fX(x)=41for−2<x<2

The probability P(X<1)P(X < 1)P(X<1) is then:

P(X<1)=∫−2114 dx=14⋅(1−(−2))=14⋅3=34P(X < 1) = \int_{-2}^{1} \frac{1}{4} \, dx = \frac{1}


{4} \cdot (1 - (-2)) = \frac{1}{4} \cdot 3 = \frac{3}{4}P(X<1)=∫−2141dx=41⋅(1−(−2))=41⋅3=43

So, P(X<1)=34P(X < 1) = \frac{3}{4}P(X<1)=43.

Step 5: Compute the Joint Probability

Now we can compute the joint probability:

P(X<1,Y<1)=P(X<1)⋅P(Y<1)=34⋅916=2764P(X < 1, Y < 1) = P(X < 1) \cdot P(Y < 1) = \


frac{3}{4} \cdot \frac{9}{16} = \frac{27}{64}P(X<1,Y<1)=P(X<1)⋅P(Y<1)=43⋅169=6427

Final Answer:

The probability that both XXX and YYY are less than 1 is 2764\frac{27}{64}6427.

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