Thank You Balaram for giving me the opportunity for the presentation
Now I will explain the gas turbine main components
The main components are Air inlet section, Bearings, Couplings, Combustion Section, and Exhaust section.
In Air inlet section
a. Air Inlet Ducts: It is a metallic cubical duct which connects axial air compressor to the atmosphere to
transmit a huge volume of air from atmosphere.
b. Air filter: It is located in the outside of the building, generally in open space as it provides atmospheric air
to the turbine. The main objective of air filter is to offer dust free air to the turbine.
Bearings: A bearing is a device to allow constraint relative motion between two or more parts, typically
rotary or linear movement
Couplings: Flexible gear type coupling are installed on the gas turbine.
Now the Combustion Section
In that we have
Combustion chamber: In LTPS turbine, at phase-I, there are 6 numbers of Burner - Basket type combustion
chamber placed in cyclic order. Each of this combustor consists of its fuel nozzle and flow basket. The aim
of the system is to burn the fuel as efficiently as possible and then dilute the hot gas with excess air to the
temperature.
Transition piece: The combustion chamber is immediately followed by a transition piece. This piece is
mainly used to guide the hot burned gas-air mixture to the gas turbine.
Fuel Nozzle: Each combustion chamber is equipped with a fuel nozzle that emits a metered amount of fuel
to the combustion linear.
Spark plug: Combustion of the fuel and air mixture is initialled by spark plug with retracing electrodes.
There is a Spark Plug provided at the initial part of each basket for phase-I through a hole to initiate the
ignition of fuel gas.
Now the Exhaust section
In this there is Exhaust duct: It is a metallic from the turbine to the chimney through which hot fuel gases
come out at 420°C after performing work at the turbine section.
Chimney: It is placed after the exhaust duct to pass the hot fuel gases to the atmosphere.
Now the COMPLETE OPERATION PROCESS OF THE GAS TURBINE
At first stage, the Auxiliary Oil Pump (AC driven) lubricates all the bearing and all other present locations.
When all other conditions are also set (mainly engagement of Turning Gear, air pressure established) the
READY TO START switch blink on the panel.
By switching ON the master switch, the Diesel Engine is started. It runs idle for 30 seconds (at 600rpm).
After that the Diesel Engine is engaged through the air Clutch to the Auxiliary Gear box and runs at 435 HP
at 2000 rpm and start to accelerate the turbine.
The Torque Converter amplifies and gradually transmits the torque of the Diesel Engine to the Turbine
Shaft, the speed of the Turbine rotor increase.
At initial condition, until the surging speed is attained the Bleed Valve is kept open, thereby draining a part
of compressed air through the Turbine exhaust.
At around 1100 rpm of Turbine rotor, the over speed valve and the gas isolation valve opens, while the gas
starting valve opens gradually allowing the increase of the gas supply as it opens at a steady rate. Gas (at
15kg/cm2 from the gas compressor and after being preheated in a preheater) is passed to the combustion
chamber through the gas nozzles, consequently the ignition is initiated by the spark plug.
After ignition is initiated, the spark plug retracts, and further ignition of fuel is brought by recirculation of
the hot gases initially ignited.
With gradual opening of the gas starting valve, the turbine accelerates as more amount of gas is being
supplied and burnt in the combustion chamber.
At about 50% of turbine maximum speed [Link] [Link] diesel engine is being disengaged. The throttle
valve opens at this stage.
After ignition is initiated, the spark plug retracts, and further ignition of fuel is brought by recirculation of
the hot gases initially ignited.
With gradual opening of the gas starting valve, the turbine accelerates as more amount of gas is being
supplied and burnt in the combustion chamber.
At about 70% of the turbine full speed, the gas starting valve reached its full opening condition and further
increase in gas supply is obtained by the throttle valve.
As the turbine accelerates and passes the speed corresponding to surge condition for axial compressor
(around 80-85% of turbine rotor full load speed), the bleed valve is shut down and subsequently the turbine
reaches is full speed. After that the turbine is ready for synchronisation with power grid system.
Thank You
Now I would like to call my team mate Nikita to explain further.