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Cost Optimization in Tank and Geometry Problems

The document contains class notes on various mathematical problems related to optimization, including the construction of tanks, maximum volumes of cylinders and cones, and inscribed shapes. It discusses the costs associated with building a tank with specific dimensions, the conditions for maximum volume in geometric shapes, and the relationship between resistors. Key results include the optimal dimensions for maximum area and volume in different configurations.

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dprarthananair17
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3 views8 pages

Cost Optimization in Tank and Geometry Problems

The document contains class notes on various mathematical problems related to optimization, including the construction of tanks, maximum volumes of cylinders and cones, and inscribed shapes. It discusses the costs associated with building a tank with specific dimensions, the conditions for maximum volume in geometric shapes, and the relationship between resistors. Key results include the optimal dimensions for maximum area and volume in different configurations.

Uploaded by

dprarthananair17
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

CLASS NOTE (22/09/25)

Page no. 104


PP 58. A tank with rectangular base and sides , open at the top is to be constructed so that
its depth is 2m. and volume is 8m3 . If building of tank costs Rs. 70 per m2 for the base and
Rs.45 per m2 for sides. What is the cost of least expensive tank ?
PP 61. A point on the hypotenuse of a right triangle is at a distance a and b from the sides
of the triangle. Show that the minimum length of the hypotenuse is (a2/ 3 + b2/ 3)3/ 2.
PP 64. Show that the altitude of the right circular cone of maximum volume that can be
inscribed in a sphere of radius r is 4r/3.
page no. 105
PP 65. Show that the height of the cylinder of maximum volume that can be inscribed in a
sphere of radius R is 2R. Find the volume of the largest cylinder inscribed in a
3 sphere of radius R
Let r be the radius and h the height of the inscribed cylinder ABCD. Let V be it volume.
Then, V = r2 h …(i) Clearly, AC = 2R.
Also, AC2 = AB2 + BC2  (2R)2 = (2r)2 + h2
 r2 = 1 (4R2 – h2) …(ii)
4
V = h (4R2 – h2)  dV = R2 - 3 h2 and d2V = - 3 h.
4 dh 4 dh2 2
For a maxima or minima, we have (dV/dh) = 0.
Now, dV = 0  R2 - 3 h2 = 0  h = 2R .
dh 4 3
 d2 V = - 3  × 2R = - R3  0 . So, V is maximum when h = 2R .
dh2 h = (2R/3) 2 3 3
Hence, the height of the cylinder of maximum volume is 2R .
3
Largest volume of the cylinder =  × 1 4R – 4R × 2R = 4R3 .
2 2

4 3 3 33
PP 66. Show that the height of the right circular cylinder of maximum volume that
cylinder of maximum volume that can be inscribed in a given circular cone of height h is
h/3.
OR
Show that the volume of the greatest cylinder which can be inscribed in a cone of
height h and semi vertical angle  is 4/27 h3 tan 2.
PP 72. A rectangle is inscribed in a semicircle of radius r with one of its sides on the
diameter of the semicircle. Find the dimensions of the rectangle so that its area is
maximum. Find also this area.

PP 73. An open tank with a square base and vertical sides is to be constructed from a metal
sheet so as to hold a given quantity of water. Show that the cost of the material will be
least when the depth of the tank is half of its width.
PP 75. The combined resistance R of two resistors R1 and R2 where R1 , R2 > 0 is given by 1
= 1 + 1 if R1 + R2 = C, a constant, show that the maximum resistance R is
R R1 R2 obtained by choosing R1= R2.

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