QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

Questions
[Link].TZ0.8

The complex numbers 𝑤 and 𝑧 satisfy the equations

[Link].TZ0.3

On 1st January 2020, Laurie invests $P in an account that pays a nominal annual
interest rate of 5.5 %, compounded quarterly.

a. Find the value of r, giving your answer to four significant figures. [3]

b. Laurie makes no further deposits to or withdrawals from the account.

Find the year in which the amount of money in Laurie’s account will become
double the amount she invested.

[3]

[Link].TZ0.HDM_2

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In parts (b) and (c), (𝑎𝑏𝑐…)𝑛 denotes the number 𝑎𝑏𝑐… written in base 𝑛, where 𝑛 ∈ ℤ +
. For example, (359)𝑛 = 3𝑛2 + 5𝑛 + 9.

a.i. State Fermat’s little theorem. [2]

[Link]. Find the remainder when 151207 is divided by 13. [5]

b. Convert (7𝐴2)16 to base 5, where (𝐴)16 = (10)10 . [4]

c. Consider the equation (1251)𝑛 + (30)𝑛 = (504)𝑛 + (504)𝑛 . Find the value of 𝑛.

[4]

[Link].TZ0.2

Solve the equation 2 ln 𝑥 = ln 9 + 4. Give your answer in the form 𝑥 = 𝑝e 𝑞 where

𝑝, 𝑞 ∈ ℤ + .

[Link].TZ0.4

The first three terms of an arithmetic sequence are 𝑢1 , 5𝑢1 − 8 and 3𝑢1 + 8.

a. Show that 𝑢1 = 4. [2]

b.

Prove that the sum of the first 𝑛 terms of this arithmetic sequence is a square
number.

[4]

[Link].TZ0.H_1

A geometric sequence has 𝑢4 = − 70 and 𝑢7 = 8.75. Find the second term of the
sequence.

[Link].TZ1.12

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The function 𝑓 has a derivative given by 𝑓'(𝑥) = 1 , 𝑥 ∈ ℝ, 𝑥 ≠ 𝑜, 𝑥 ≠ 𝑘 where 𝑘

𝑥(𝑘 − 𝑥)
is a positive constant.

Consider 𝑃, the population of a colony of ants, which has an initial value of 1200.

At 𝑡 = 10 the population of the colony has doubled in size from its initial value.

a.
𝑎 + 𝑏 , where 𝑎, 𝑏 ∈ ℝ . Find
The expression for 𝑓′(𝑥) can be written in the form 𝑥
𝑘−𝑥
𝑎 and 𝑏 in terms of 𝑘.

[3]

b. Hence, find an expression for 𝑓(𝑥). [3]

c. By solving the differential equation, show that 𝑃 = 1200𝑘 . [8]

−𝑡
(𝑘 − 1200)e 5 + 1200
The rate of change of the population can be modelled by the differential equation
d 𝑃d.= 𝑃(𝑘
Find− the
𝑃), where 𝑡 is𝑘,the
value of giving
timeyour days, 𝑡 to
answerincorrect
measured ≥ 0,
four 𝑘 is the upper
significant
and figures.
bound[3]
for
d𝑡 5𝑘
the population.
e. Find the value of 𝑡 when the rate of change of the population is at its maximum.

[3]

[Link].TZ0.9

It is given that 2 cos 𝐴 sin 𝐵 ≡ sin (𝐴 + 𝐵) − sin (𝐴 − 𝐵). (Do not prove this identity.)

[Link].TZ0.H_5

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Consider the expansion of (2 + 𝑥)𝑛 , where 𝑛 ⩾ 3 and 𝑛 ∈ ℤ.

[Link].TZ0.H_6

Let 𝑃(𝑧) = 𝑎𝑧3 − 37𝑧2 + 66𝑧 − 10, where 𝑧 ∈ ℂ and 𝑎 ∈ ℤ.

[Link].TZ0.12

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a.

b.

Use de Moivre’s theorem and the result from part (a) to show that
4 2
cot 4𝜃 = cot 𝜃3− 6 cot 𝜃 + 1.
4 cot 𝜃 − 4 cot 𝜃

[5]
4
Use the binomial theorem to expand (cos 𝜃 + i sin 𝜃) . Give your answer in the
form 𝑎 + 𝑏i where 𝑎 and 𝑏 are expressed in terms of sin 𝜃 and cos 𝜃.
c.

Use the identity from part (b) to show that the quadratic equation 𝑥2 − 6𝑥 + 1 = 0
has roots cot2 π and cot2 3π .
8 8
[5]

d. Hence find the exact value of cot2 3π . [4]

8

e.

Deduce a quadratic equation with integer coefficients, having roots cosec 2 π and
8
cosec 2 3π .
8
[3]
[3]

[Link].TZ0.H_8

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Eight boys and two girls sit on a bench. Determine the number of possible
arrangements, given that

a. the girls do not sit together. [3]

b. the girls do not sit on either end. [2]

c. the girls do not sit on either end and do not sit together. [3]

[Link].TZ0.6

a.

b. The equation 2𝑥2 − 5𝑥 + 1 = 0 has two real roots, 𝛼 and 𝛽.

Consider the equation 𝑥2 + 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑛 = 0, where 𝑚, 𝑛 ∈ ℤ and which has roots 13

𝛼
and 13 .
𝛽
Without solving 2𝑥2 − 5𝑥 + 1 = 0, determine the values of 𝑚 and 𝑛.

[6]
3 3 3
Prove the identity (𝑝 + 𝑞) − 3𝑝𝑞(𝑝 + 𝑞) ≡ 𝑝 + 𝑞 .
[Link].TZ0.S_1

In an arithmetic sequence, 𝑢2 = 5 and 𝑢3 = 11.

a. Find the common difference. [2]

b. Find the first term. [2]

c. Find the sum of the first 20 terms. [2]

[Link].TZ2.2

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Consider two consecutive positive integers, 𝑛 and 𝑛 + 1.

[Link].TZ2.4

In the expansion of (𝑥 + 𝑘)7 , where 𝑘 ∈ ℝ , the coefficient of the term in 𝑥5 is 63.

[Link].TZ0.S_4

⎛ ⎞
Consider ⎜ 11 ⎟ = 11! .
⎝ 𝑎 ⎠ 𝑎! 9!

a. Find the value of 𝑎. [2]

b.

Hence or otherwise find the coefficient of the term in 𝑥9 in the expansion of

(𝑥 + 3)11 .

[4]

[Link].TZ0.7

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Helen and Jane both commence new jobs each starting on an annual salary of $ 70, 000.
At the start of each new year, Helen receives an annual salary increase of $ 2400.

At the start of each new year, Jane receives an annual salary increase of 3 % of her
previous year’s annual salary.

At the start of year 𝑁, Jane’s annual salary exceeds Helen’s annual salary for the first
time.

a. Show that 𝐻𝑛 = 2400𝑛 + 67 600. [2]

b.

Given that 𝐽𝑛 follows a geometric sequence, state the value of the common ratio, 𝑟
.

[1]
Let $ 𝐻𝑛 represent Helen’s annual salary at the start of her 𝑛th year of employment.
c.i. Find the value of 𝑁. [3]

[Link].
Jane’s annual salary, $ 𝐽𝑛 , at the start of her 𝑛th year of employment is given by
𝐽𝑛 For
= 70the000(1 of𝑛 𝑁
. 03)
value − 1found in part (c) (i), state Helen’s annual salary and Jane’s annual
.
salary, correct to the nearest dollar.

[2]

d.

Find Jane’s total earnings at the start of her 10th year of employment. Give
your answer correct to the nearest dollar.

[4]

[Link].TZ0.10

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2
Consider the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 − 𝑥 − 12, 𝑥 ∈ ℝ, 𝑥 ≠ 15.
2𝑥 − 15 2

Find the coordinates where the graph of 𝑓 crosses the

a.i. 𝑥-axis. [2]

[Link]. 𝑦-axis. [1]

b. Write down the equation of the vertical asymptote of the graph of 𝑓. [1]

c.

The oblique asymptote of the graph of 𝑓 can be written as 𝑦 = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏 where

𝑎, 𝑏 ∈ ℚ .

Find the value of 𝑎 and the value of 𝑏. [4]

d.

Sketch the graph of 𝑓 for −30 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 30, clearly indicating the points of intersection
with each axis and any asymptotes.

[3]

e.i. Express 1 in partial fractions. [3]

𝑓(𝑥)

[Link].
3
Hence find the exact value of ∫ 1 d 𝑥, expressing your answer as a single
0
𝑓(𝑥)
logarithm.

[4]

[Link].TZ2.12

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The following diagram shows the graph of 𝑦 = arctan(2𝑥 + 1) + π for 𝑥 ∈ ℝ , with

4
asymptotes at 𝑦 = − π and 𝑦 = 3π .
4 4

a.

Describe a sequence of transformations that transforms the graph of 𝑦 = arctan 𝑥 to

the graph of 𝑦 = arctan(2𝑥 + 1) + π for 𝑥 ∈ ℝ .
4
[3]

Show that arctan 𝑝 + arctan 𝑞 ≡ arctan( 𝑝− 𝑞 ) where 𝑝, 𝑞 > 0 and 𝑝𝑞 < 1.

b. + [4]
1 𝑝𝑞

c. Verify that arctan (2𝑥 + 1) = arctan ( 𝑥 )+ π for 𝑥 ∈ ℝ, 𝑥 > 0. [3]

𝑥+1 4

d.

Using mathematical induction and the result from part (b), prove that
𝑛 ⎛ ⎞
Σ arctan⎜ 12 ⎟ = arctan( 𝑛 ) for 𝑛 ∈ ℤ + .
𝑟=1 ⎝2𝑟 ⎠ 𝑛+1

[9]

[Link].TZ0.7

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Consider the identity 2 + 7𝑥 ≡ 𝐴 + 𝐵 , where 𝐴, 𝐵 ∈ ℤ .

(1 + 2𝑥)(1 − 𝑥) 1 + 2𝑥 1 − 𝑥

a. Find the value of 𝐴 and the value of 𝐵. [3]

b.

Hence, expand 2 + 7𝑥 in ascending powers of 𝑥, up to and including the

(1 + 2𝑥)(1 − 𝑥)
term in 𝑥2 .

[4]

c. Give a reason why the series expansion found in part (b) is not valid for 𝑥 = 3.
4
[1]

[Link].TZ0.8

Prove by contradiction that log2 5 is an irrational number.

[Link].TZ0.S_5

The first two terms of a geometric sequence are 𝑢1 = 2.1 and 𝑢2 = 2.226.

a. Find the value of 𝑟. [2]

b. Find the value of 𝑢10 . [2]

c. Find the least value of 𝑛 such that 𝑆𝑛 > 5543. [3]

[Link].TZ2.3

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An arithmetic sequence has first term 60 and common difference −2 . 5.

a. Given that the 𝑘th term of the sequence is zero, find the value of 𝑘. [2]

b. Let 𝑆𝑛 denote the sum of the first 𝑛 terms of the sequence.

Find the maximum value of 𝑆𝑛 . [3]

[Link].TZ1.1

This question asks you to explore some properties of polygonal numbers and to
determine and prove interesting results involving these numbers.

A polygonal number is an integer which can be represented as a series of dots arranged

in the shape of a regular polygon. Triangular numbers, square numbers and pentagonal
numbers are examples of polygonal numbers.

For example, a triangular number is a number that can be arranged in the shape of an
equilateral triangle. The first five triangular numbers are 1, 3, 6, 10 and 15.

The following table illustrates the first five triangular, square and pentagonal numbers
respectively. In each case the first polygonal number is one represented by a single dot.

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For an 𝑟-sided regular polygon, where 𝑟 ∈ ℤ + , 𝑟 ≥ 3, the 𝑛th polygonal number 𝑃𝑟 (𝑛) is
given by

2
𝑃𝑟 (𝑛) = (𝑟 − 2)𝑛 − (𝑟 − 4)𝑛, where 𝑛 ∈ ℤ + .
2

The 𝑛th pentagonal number can be represented2 by the arithmetic series

Hence, for square numbers, 𝑃4 (𝑛) = (4 − 2)𝑛 − (4 − 4)𝑛 = 𝑛2 .
2

a.i. For triangular numbers, verify that 𝑃3 (𝑛) = 𝑛(𝑛 + 1). [2]
2

[Link]. The number 351 is a triangular number. Determine which one it is. [2]

b.i. Show that 𝑃3 (𝑛) + 𝑃3 (𝑛 + 1) ≡ (𝑛 + 1)2 . [2]

[Link].

State, in words, what the identity given in part (b)(i) shows for two
consecutive triangular numbers.

[1]

[Link]. For 𝑛 = 4, sketch a diagram clearly showing your answer to part (b)(ii). [1]

c. Show that 8𝑃3 (𝑛) + 1 is the square of an odd number for all 𝑛 ∈ ℤ + . [3]
𝑃5 (𝑛(3𝑛
𝑛) = −1+
1) 4for
+7+…+ (3𝑛 − 2).
d. ( )
Hence show that 𝑃5 𝑛 = 𝑛∈ℤ+ . [3]
2

e.

By using a suitable table of values or otherwise, determine the smallest positive

integer, greater than 1, that is both a triangular number and a pentagonal number.

[5]

f. A polygonal number, 𝑃𝑟 (𝑛), can be represented by the series

𝑛
Σ (1 + (𝑚 − 1)(𝑟 − 2)) where 𝑟 ∈ ℤ + , 𝑟 ≥ 3.
𝑚=1

2
Use mathematical induction to prove that 𝑃𝑟 (𝑛) = (𝑟 − 2)𝑛 − (𝑟 − 4)𝑛 where 𝑛 ∈ ℤ + .
2

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[8]

[Link].TZ0.2

A Gaussian integer is a complex number, 𝑧, such that 𝑧 = 𝑎 + 𝑏i where 𝑎, 𝑏 ∈ ℤ . In this

question, you are asked to investigate certain divisibility properties of Gaussian integers.

Consider two Gaussian integers, 𝛼 = 3 + 4i and 𝛽 = 1 − 2i, such that 𝛾 = 𝛼𝛽 for some
Gaussian integer 𝛾.

Now consider two Gaussian integers, 𝛼 = 3 + 4i and 𝛾 = 11 + 2i.

2
The norm of a complex number 𝑧, denoted by 𝑁(𝑧), is defined by 𝑁(𝑧) = |𝑧| . For
example, if 𝑧 = 2 + 3i then 𝑁(2 + 3i) = 22 + 32 = 13.

A Gaussian prime is a Gaussian integer, 𝑧, that cannot be expressed in the form 𝑧 = 𝛼𝛽

where 𝛼, 𝛽 are Gaussian integers with 𝑁(𝛼), 𝑁(𝛽) > 1.

The positive integer 2 is a prime number, however it is not a Gaussian prime.

Let 𝛼, 𝛽 be Gaussian integers.

The result from part (h) provides a way of determining whether a Gaussian integer is a
Gaussian prime.

a. Find 𝛾. [2]
𝛾
b. Determine whether 𝛼 is a Gaussian integer. [3]

c.

On an Argand diagram, plot and label all Gaussian integers that have a norm less
than 3.

[2]

d. Given that 𝛼 = 𝑎 + 𝑏i where 𝑎, 𝑏 ∈ ℤ , show that 𝑁(𝛼) = 𝑎2 + 𝑏2 . [1]

e.

By expressing the positive integer 𝑛 = 𝑐2 + 𝑑2 as a product of two Gaussian

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integers each of norm 𝑐2 + 𝑑2 , show that 𝑛 is not a Gaussian prime.

[3]

f. Verify that 2 is not a Gaussian prime. [2]

g.

Write down another prime number of the form 𝑐2 + 𝑑2 that is not a Gaussian prime
and express it as a product of two Gaussian integers.

[2]

h. Show that 𝑁(𝛼𝛽) = 𝑁(𝛼)𝑁(𝛽). [6]

i. Hence show that 1 + 4i is a Gaussian prime. [3]

j.

Use proof by contradiction to prove that a prime number, 𝑝, that is not of the form
𝑎2 + 𝑏2 is a Gaussian prime.

[6]

[Link].TZ1.2

This question asks you to explore cubic polynomials of the form

(𝑥 − 𝑟)(𝑥2 − 2𝑎𝑥 + 𝑎2 + 𝑏2 ) for 𝑥 ∈ ℝ and corresponding cubic equations with one real
root and two complex roots of the form (𝑧 − 𝑟)(𝑧2 − 2𝑎𝑧 + 𝑎2 + 𝑏2 ) = 0 for 𝑧 ∈ ℂ .

In parts (a), (b) and (c), let 𝑟 = 1, 𝑎 = 4 and 𝑏 = 1.

Consider the function 𝑓(𝑥) = (𝑥 − 1)(𝑥2 − 8𝑥 + 17) for 𝑥 ∈ ℝ .

Consider the function 𝑔(𝑥) = (𝑥 − 𝑟)(𝑥2 − 2𝑎𝑥 + 𝑎2 + 𝑏2 ) for 𝑥 ∈ ℝ where 𝑟, 𝑎 ∈ ℝ and

𝑏 ∈ ℝ, 𝑏 > 0.

The equation (𝑧 − 𝑟)(𝑧2 − 2𝑎𝑧 + 𝑎2 + 𝑏2 ) = 0 for 𝑧 ∈ ℂ has roots 𝑟 and 𝑎 ± 𝑏i where

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𝑟, 𝑎 ∈ ℝ and 𝑏 ∈ ℝ, 𝑏 > 0.

On the Cartesian plane, the points C1 (𝑎, √𝑔'(𝑎)) and C2 (𝑎, − √𝑔'(𝑎)) represent the
real and imaginary parts of the complex roots of the equation
(𝑧 − 𝑟)(𝑧2 − 2𝑎𝑧 + 𝑎2 + 𝑏2 ) = 0.

Consider the equation (𝑧 − 1)(𝑧2 − 8𝑧 + 17) = 0 for 𝑧 ∈ ℂ .

The following diagram shows a particular curve of the form 𝑦 = (𝑥 − 𝑟)(𝑥2 − 2𝑎𝑥 + 𝑎2 + 16)
and the tangent to the curve at the point A(𝑎, 80). The curve and the tangent both
intersect the 𝑥-axis at the point R(−2, 0). The points C1 and C2 are also shown.

Consider the curve 𝑦 = (𝑥 − 𝑟)(𝑥2 − 2𝑎𝑥 + 𝑎2 + 𝑏2 ) for 𝑎 ≠ 𝑟, 𝑏 > 0. The points A(𝑎, 𝑔(𝑎))
and R(𝑟, 0) are as defined in part (d)(ii). The curve has a point of inflexion at point P.

Consider the special case where 𝑎 = 𝑟 and 𝑏 > 0.

a.i. Given that 1 and 4 + i are roots of the equation, write down the third root.

[1]

[Link]. Verify that the mean of the two complex roots is 4. [1]

b.

Show that the line 𝑦 = 𝑥 − 1 is tangent to the curve 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) at the point A(4, 3).

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[4]

c.

Sketch the curve 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥) and the tangent to the curve at point A, clearly showing
where the tangent crosses the 𝑥-axis.

[2]

d.i. Show that 𝑔'(𝑥) = 2(𝑥 − 𝑟)(𝑥 − 𝑎) + 𝑥2 − 2𝑎𝑥 + 𝑎2 + 𝑏2 . [2]

[Link].

Hence, or otherwise, prove that the tangent to the curve 𝑦 = 𝑔(𝑥) at the point
A(𝑎, 𝑔(𝑎)) intersects the 𝑥-axis at the point R(𝑟, 0).

[6]

e.

Deduce from part (d)(i) that the complex roots of the equation
(𝑧 − 𝑟)(𝑧2 − 2𝑎𝑧 + 𝑎2 + 𝑏2 ) = 0 can be expressed as 𝑎 ± i√𝑔'(𝑎).

[1]

f.i.

Use this diagram to determine the roots of the corresponding equation of the form
(𝑧 − 𝑟)(𝑧2 − 2𝑎𝑧 + 𝑎2 + 16) = 0 for 𝑧 ∈ ℂ.

[4]

[Link]. State the coordinates of C2 . [1]

g.i. Show that the 𝑥-coordinate of P is 1(2𝑎 + 𝑟).

3
You are not required to demonstrate a change in concavity. [2]

[Link].

Hence describe numerically the horizontal position of point P relative to

the horizontal positions of the points R and A.

[1]

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h.i. Sketch the curve 𝑦 = (𝑥 − 𝑟)(𝑥2 − 2𝑎𝑥 + 𝑎2 + 𝑏2 ) for 𝑎 = 𝑟 = 1 and 𝑏 = 2. [2]

[Link]. For 𝑎 = 𝑟 and 𝑏 > 0, state in terms of 𝑟, the coordinates of points P and A. [1]

[Link].TZ0.1

Let 𝑓(𝑥) = 1 for − 1 < 𝑥 < 1. Use partial fractions to find ∫𝑓(𝑥) 𝑑𝑥.
1 − 𝑥2

[Link].TZ0.2

𝑡
Consider the integral ∫ − 12 𝑑𝑥 for 𝑡 > 1.
1𝑥 + 𝑥

a. Very briefly, explain why the value of this integral must be negative. [1]

b. Express the function 𝑓(𝑥) = − 1 in partial fractions. [6]

𝑥 + 𝑥2

c. Use parts (a) and (b) to show that ln(1 + 𝑡) − ln 𝑡 < ln 2. [4]

[Link].TZ0.3

Let 𝑓(𝑥) = 4𝑥 − 5 𝑥 ≠ 1, 𝑥 ≠ 2.
2
𝑥 − 3𝑥 + 2

a. Express 𝑓(𝑥) in partial fractions. [6]

b. Use part (a) to show that 𝑓(𝑥) is always decreasing. [3]

c.
0
Use part (a) to find the exact value of ∫ 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥, giving the answer in the form ln 𝑞,
−1
𝑞 ∈ ℚ.

[4]

[Link].TZ0.1
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a.

b.

Hence prove that the square of any integer can be written in the form 4𝑡 or 4𝑡 + 1,
where 𝑡 ∈ ℤ + .

[6]

[Link].TZ0.1

This question will investigate power series, as an extension to the Binomial Theorem for
negative and fractional indices.

This is an example of a power series, but is only a finite power series, since only a finite
number of the 𝑎𝑖 are non-zero.

We will now attempt to generalise further.

A power series in 𝑥 is5defined as a function of the form

) = 𝑎Expand
𝑓(𝑥a. (1 + 𝑥)2 using3the Binomial Theorem. [2]
0 + 𝑎1 𝑥 + 𝑎2 𝑥 + 𝑎3 𝑥 + . . . where the 𝑎𝑖 ∈ ℝ.

b. Consider the power series 1 − 𝑥 + 𝑥2 − 𝑥3 + 𝑥4 − . . .

By considering the ratio of consecutive terms, explain why this series is equal to
(1 + 𝑥) − 1 and state the values of 𝑥 for which this equality is true.

[4]

c.

Differentiate the equation obtained part (b) and hence, find the first four terms in a
[Link] Page 19 of 86
QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

Differentiate the equation obtained part (b) and hence, find the first four terms in a
power series for (1 + 𝑥) − 2 .

It can be considered as an infinite polynomial. [2]

d. Repeat this process to find the first four terms in a power series for (1 + 𝑥) − 3 .
Suppose (1 + 𝑥)𝑞 , 𝑞 ∈ ℚ can be written as the power series 𝑎0 + 𝑎1 𝑥 + 𝑎2 𝑥2 + 𝑎3 𝑥3 + . . . .
[2]

e.

Hence, by recognising the pattern, deduce the first four terms in a power series for
(1 + 𝑥) − 𝑛 , 𝑛 ∈ ℤ + .

[3]

f. By substituting 𝑥 = 0, find the value of 𝑎0 . [1]

g.

By differentiating both sides of the expression and then substituting 𝑥 = 0, find the
value of 𝑎1 .

[2]

h. Repeat this procedure to find 𝑎2 and 𝑎3 . [4]

i.

Hence, write down the first four terms in what is called the Extended Binomial
Theorem for (1 + 𝑥)𝑞 , 𝑞 ∈ ℚ.

[1]

j. Write down the power series for 1 . [2]

1 + 𝑥2

k.

Hence, using integration, find the power series for arctan 𝑥, giving the first four non-
zero terms.

[4]

[Link].TZ0.2
[Link] Page 20 of 86
QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

This question will explore connections between complex numbers and regular polygons.

The diagram below shows a sector of a circle of radius 1, with the angle subtended at
the centre 𝑂 being 𝛼, 0 < 𝛼 < 𝜋. A perpendicular is drawn from point 𝑃 to intersect the 𝑥-
2
axis at 𝑄. The tangent to the circle at 𝑃 intersects the 𝑥-axis at 𝑅.
a.

By considering the area of two triangles and the area of the sector show that
sin 𝛼 .
cos 𝛼 sin 𝛼 < 𝛼 < cos 𝛼
[5]

b. Hence show that lim 𝛼 = 1. [2]

𝛼 → 0sin 𝛼

c.

Let 𝑧𝑛 = 1, 𝑧 ∈ ℂ, 𝑛 ∈ ℕ, 𝑛 ⩾ 5. Working in modulus/argument form find the 𝑛

solutions to this equation.

[8]

d.

Represent these 𝑛 solutions on an Argand diagram. Let their positions be denoted

by 𝑃0 , 𝑃1 , 𝑃2 , …𝑃𝑛 − 1 placed in order in an anticlockwise direction round the circle,
starting on the positive 𝑥-axis. Show the positions of 𝑃0 , 𝑃1 , 𝑃2 and 𝑃𝑛 − 1 .

[1]

e. Show that the length of the line segment 𝑃0 𝑃1 is 2 sin𝜋

𝑛. [4]

f.

Hence, write down the total length of the perimeter of the regular 𝑛 sided polygon

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QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

𝑃0 𝑃1 𝑃2 …𝑃𝑛 − 1 𝑃0 .

[1]

g. Using part (b) find the limit of this perimeter as 𝑛 → ∞ . [2]

h. Find the total area of this 𝑛 sided polygon. [3]

i. Using part (b) find the limit of this area as 𝑛 → ∞ . [2]

[Link].TZ0.1

a.

b. By substituting 𝑥 = 1 find a rational approximation to √

3
9. [3]
9

[Link].TZ1.S_10

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QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

Consider 𝑓(𝑥) = √𝑥 sin(𝜋𝑥) and 𝑔(𝑥) = √𝑥 for 𝑥 ≥ 0. The first time the graphs of 𝑓 and 𝑔
4
intersect is at 𝑥 = 0.

The set of all non-zero values that satisfy 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑔(𝑥) can be described as an
arithmetic sequence, 𝑢𝑛 = 𝑎 + 𝑏𝑛 where 𝑛 ≥ 1.

a. Find the two smallest non-zero values of 𝑥 for which 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑔(𝑥). [5]

c.

At point P, the graphs of 𝑓 and 𝑔 intersect for the 21st time. Find the coordinates of
P.

[4]

d.

The following diagram shows part of the graph of 𝑔 reflected in the 𝑥-axis. It also
shows part of the graph of 𝑓 and the point P.

Find an expression for the area of the shaded region. Do not calculate the value of
the expression.

[4]

[Link].TZ0.H_12

[Link] Page 23 of 86
QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

Phil takes out a bank loan of $150 000 to buy a house, at an annual interest rate of 3.5%.
The interest is calculated at the end of each year and added to the amount outstanding.

To pay off the loan, Phil makes annual deposits of $P at the end of every year in a savings
account, paying an annual interest rate of 2% . He makes his first deposit at the end of
the first year after taking out the loan.

David visits a different bank and makes a single deposit of $Q , the annual interest rate
being 2.8%.

a.

Find the amount Phil would owe the bank after 20 years. Give your answer to the
nearest dollar.

[3]

b. (1.0220 − 1)𝑃 [3]

Show that the total value of Phil’s savings after 20 years is .
(1.02 − 1)

c.

Given that Phil’s aim is to own the house after 20 years, find the value for 𝑃 to the
nearest dollar.

[3]

d.i.

David wishes to withdraw $5000 at the end of each year for a period of 𝑛 years.
Show that an expression for the minimum value of 𝑄 is

5000 + 5000 + … + 5000 . [3]

1.028 1.0282 1.028𝑛

[Link].

Hence or otherwise, find the minimum value of 𝑄 that would permit David to
withdraw annual amounts of $5000 indefinitely. Give your answer to the nearest
dollar.

[3]

[Link] Page 24 of 86
QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

[Link].TZ0.4

This question investigates some applications of differential equations to modeling

population growth.

The initial population is 1000.

Given that 𝑘 = 0.003, use your answer from part (a) to find

Consider now the situation when 𝑘 is not a constant, but a function of time.

Given that 𝑘 = 0.003 + 0.002𝑡, find

Another model for population growth assumes

One model for population growth is to assume that the rate of change of the population
a.
is proportional to the population, i.e. d𝑃 = 𝑘𝑃, where 𝑘 ∈ ℝ, 𝑡 is the time (in years) and 𝑃
d𝑡
Show
is the that the general solution of this differential equation is 𝑃 = 𝐴e𝑘𝑡 , where 𝐴 ∈ ℝ
population
.

[5]

b.i. the population after 10 years [2]

[Link]. the number of years it will take for the population to triple. [2]

[Link]. lim 𝑃 [1]

𝑡→∞

c.i.

theissolution
there of thevalue
a maximum differential
for the equation, 𝐿. your answer in the form 𝑃 = 𝑓(𝑡).
giving
population,
𝑃 ).
that 𝑘 is not a constant, but is proportional to (1 − 𝐿
[5]

[Link]. the number of years it will take for the population to triple. [4]

[Link] Page 25 of 86
QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

d. Show that d𝑃 = 𝑚𝑃(𝐿 − 𝑃), where 𝑚 ∈ ℝ. [2]

d𝑡 𝐿

e.

Solve the differential equation d𝑃 = 𝑚𝑃(𝐿 − 𝑃), giving your answer in the form
d𝑡 𝐿
𝑃 = 𝑔(𝑡).

[10]

f.

Given that the initial population is 1000, 𝐿 = 10000 and 𝑚 = 0.003, find the number
of years it will take for the population to triple.

[4]

[Link].TZ0.T_3

The speed of light is 300 000 kilometres per second. The average distance from the Sun
to the Earth is 149.6 million km.

A light-year is the distance light travels in one year and is equal to 9 467 280 million km.
Polaris is a bright star, visible from the Northern Hemisphere. The distance from the
Earth to Polaris is 323 light-years.

a. Calculate the time, in minutes, it takes for light from the Sun to reach the Earth.

[3]

b.

Find the distance from the Earth to Polaris in millions of km. Give your answer in the
form 𝑎 × 10𝑘 with 1 ⩽ 𝑎 < 10 and 𝑘 ∈ ℤ.

[3]

[Link].TZ1.H_7

[Link] Page 26 of 86
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An arithmetic sequence 𝑢1 , 𝑢2 , 𝑢3 … has 𝑢1 = 1 and common difference 𝑑 ≠ 0. Given that

𝑢2 , 𝑢3 and 𝑢6 are the first three terms of a geometric sequence

Given that 𝑢𝑁 = − 15

a. find the value of 𝑑. [4]

𝑁
b. [3]
determine the value of ∑ 𝑢𝑟 .
𝑟=1

[Link].TZ2.H_3

The 1st, 4th and 8th terms of an arithmetic sequence, with common difference 𝑑, 𝑑 ≠ 0,
are the first three terms of a geometric sequence, with common ratio 𝑟. Given that the
1st term of both sequences is 9 find

a. the value of 𝑑; [4]

b. the value of 𝑟; [1]

[Link].TZ1.H_1

The 3rd term of an arithmetic sequence is 1407 and the 10th term is 1183.

Calculate the number of positive terms in the sequence.

[Link].TZ1.H_7

It is known that the number of fish in a given lake will decrease by 7% each year unless
some new fish are added. At the end of each year, 250 new fish are added to the lake.

a. Show that there will be approximately 2645 fish in the lake at the start of 2020.

[3]

b. Find the approximate number of fish in the lake at the start of 2042. [5]

[Link] Page 27 of 86
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[Link].TZ0.H_1

Consider a geometric sequence with a first term of 4 and a fourth term of −2.916.

a. Find the common ratio of this sequence. [3]

b. Find the sum to infinity of this sequence. [2]

[Link].TZ0.3

a.

b.

Hence, or otherwise, prove that the sum of the squares of any two consecutive
odd integers is even.

[3]

[Link].TZ1.H_11

Consider the equation 𝑥5 − 3𝑥4 + 𝑚𝑥3 + 𝑛𝑥2 + 𝑝𝑥 + 𝑞 = 0, where 𝑚, 𝑛, 𝑝, 𝑞 ∈ ℝ.

The values 𝑎, 𝑏, and 𝑐 are consecutive terms in a geometric sequence.

a. Show that 𝑎𝑏𝑐 = 8. [5]

b. Show that one of the real roots is equal to 1. [3]

[Link] = 8𝑑2distinct
has 𝑞three
Given that , find the other
real rootstwo realcan
which be written as log2 𝑎, log2 𝑏 and log
roots. [9] 𝑐
2

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[Link].TZ2.H_6

⎛ ⎞
Given that log10 ⎜ 1 (𝑝 + 2𝑞)⎟ = 1(log 10 𝑝 + log 10 𝑞), 𝑝 > 0, 𝑞 > 0, find 𝑝 in terms of 𝑞.
⎝2√2 ⎠ 2

[Link].TZ2.H_11

Show that log𝑟2 𝑥 = 1log𝑟 𝑥 where 𝑟, 𝑥 ∈ ℝ + .

2

[Link].TZ2.H_7

Solve the simultaneous equations

[Link].TZ1.H_5

Solve (ln 𝑥)2 − (ln 2)(ln 𝑥) < 2(ln 2)2 .

[Link].TZ0.H_7

Solve the equation 4𝑥 + 2𝑥 + 2 = 3.

[Link].TZ0.H_1

Solve the equation log2 (𝑥 + 3) + log2 (𝑥 − 3) = 4.

[Link].TZ1.H_1

Find the solution of log2 𝑥 − log2 5 = 2 + log2 3.

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QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

[Link].TZ2.T_1

A sphere with diameter 3 474 000 metres can model the shape of the Moon.

a.

Use this model to calculate the circumference of the Moon in kilometres. Give your
full calculator display.

[3]

b. Give your answer to part (a) correct to three significant figures. [1]

c. Write your answer to part (b) in the form 𝑎 × 10𝑘 , where 1 ≤ 𝑎 < 10 , 𝑘 ∈ ℤ. [2]

[Link].TZ2.H_5

a.

⎛ ⎞
b. Hence find the least value of 𝑛 for which ⎜ 3𝑛 + 1 ⎟ > 106 . [3]
⎝ 3𝑛 − 2 ⎠

[Link].TZ1.H_4

Three girls and four boys are seated randomly on a straight bench. Find the probability
that the girls sit together and the boys sit together.

[Link].TZ1.H_3

The coefficient of 𝑥2 in the expansion of (𝑥1 + 5𝑥)8 is equal to the coefficient of 𝑥4 in the
expansion of (𝑎 + 5𝑥)7 , 𝑎 ∈ ℝ. Find the value of 𝑎.

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[Link].TZ2.H_8

In a trial examination session a candidate at a school has to take 18 examination papers

including the physics paper, the chemistry paper and the biology paper. No two of these
three papers may be taken consecutively. There is no restriction on the order in which
the other examination papers may be taken.

[Link].TZ0.H_2

A team of four is to be chosen from a group of four boys and four girls.

a. Find the number of different possible teams that could be chosen. [3]

b.

Find the number of different possible teams that could be chosen, given that the
team must include at least one girl and at least one boy.

[2]

[Link].TZ2.T_5

In this question, give all answers to two decimal places.

a.i. Calculate the amount of money he has in the account after 5 years. [3]

[Link]. Write down the amount of interest he earned after 5 years. [1]

b.

Karl decides to donate this interest to a charity in France. The charity receives 170
euros (EUR). The exchange rate is 1 USD = t EUR.

Calculate the value of t. [2]

[Link] Page 31 of 86
QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

[Link].TZ1.H_11

[Link] Page 32 of 86
QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

Two distinct lines, 𝑙1 and 𝑙2 , intersect at a point P. In addition to P, four distinct points
are marked out on 𝑙1 and three distinct points on 𝑙2 . A mathematician decides to join
some of these eight points to form polygons.

⎛1⎞ ⎛1⎞
The line 𝑙1 has vector equation r1 = ⎜ 0 ⎟ + 𝜆⎜⎜ 2 ⎟⎟, 𝜆 ∈ ℝ and the line 𝑙2 has vector
⎜ ⎟
⎜⎝ 1 ⎟⎠ ⎜⎝ 1 ⎟⎠
⎛ −1⎞ ⎛5⎞
⎜ ⎟
equation r2 = ⎜⎜ 0 ⎟⎟ + 𝜇⎜ 6 ⎟, 𝜇 ∈ ℝ.
⎜⎝ 2 ⎟⎠ ⎜⎝ 2 ⎟⎠

The point A has coordinates (3, 4, 3) and lies on 𝑙1 .

The point B has coordinates (−1, 0, 2) and lies on 𝑙2 .

a.i.

Find how many sets of four points can be selected which can form the vertices of a
quadrilateral.

[2]

[Link].

Find how many sets of three points can be selected which can form the vertices of
a triangle.
The point P has coordinates (4, 6, 4).
[4]

b. Verify that P is the point of intersection of the two lines. [3]

c. Write down the value of 𝜆 corresponding to the point A. [1]

→ →
d. Write down PA and PB. [2]

e.

Let C be the point on 𝑙1 with coordinates (1, 0, 1) and D be the point on 𝑙2

with parameter 𝜇 = − 2.

Find the area of the quadrilateral CDBA. [8]

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QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

[Link].TZ1.T_5

[Link] Page 34 of 86
QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

John purchases a new bicycle for 880 US dollars (USD) and pays for it with a Canadian
credit card. There is a transaction fee of 4.2 % charged to John by the credit card
company to convert this purchase into Canadian dollars (CAD).

John insures his bicycle with a US company. The insurance company produces the
following table for the bicycle’s value during each year.

During the 1st year John pays 120 USD to insure his bicycle. Each year the amount he
The exchange
pays ratebicycle
to insure his is =
is 1 USD 1.25 CAD.
reduced by 3.50 USD.

a. Calculate, in CAD, the total amount John pays for the bicycle. [3]

b.

Find the value of the bicycle during the 5th year. Give your answer to two decimal
places.

[3]

c. Calculate, in years, when the bicycle value will be less than 50 USD. [2]

d. Find the total amount John has paid to insure his bicycle for the first 5 years.

The values of the bicycle form a geometric sequence. [3]

e. John purchased the bicycle in 2008.

Justify why John should not insure his bicycle in 2019. [3]

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[Link].TZ1.H_8

Use the method of mathematical induction to prove that 4𝑛 + 15𝑛 − 1 is divisible by 9 for
𝑛 ∈ ℤ+ .

[Link].TZ2.H_8

⎛ ⎞ ⎛ ⎞ ⎛ ⎞ ⎛ ⎞ ⎛𝑛⎞
Prove by mathematical induction that ⎜ 2 ⎟ + ⎜ 3 ⎟ + ⎜ 4 ⎟ + … + ⎜ 𝑛 − 1 ⎟ = ⎜ ⎟, where
⎝2⎠ ⎝2⎠ ⎝2⎠ ⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎝3⎠
𝑛 ∈ ℤ, 𝑛 ⩾ 3.

[Link].TZ1.H_8

a.

b. Use mathematical induction to prove that 2𝑛 + 1 > 𝑛2 for 𝑛 ∈ ℤ, 𝑛 ⩾ 3. [7]

[Link].TZ1.H_6

Use the principle of mathematical induction to prove that

[Link].TZ2.H_6

Use mathematical induction to prove that (1 − 𝑎)𝑛 > 1 − 𝑛𝑎 for {𝑛 : 𝑛 ∈ ℤ + , 𝑛 ⩾ 2} where

0 < 𝑎 < 1.

[Link].TZ0.H_6

[Link] Page 36 of 86
QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

𝑛
Use mathematical induction to prove that ∑ 𝑟(𝑟!) = (𝑛 + 1)! − 1, for 𝑛 ∈ ℤ + .
𝑟=1

[Link].TZ0.H_12

Let 𝜔 be one of the non-real solutions of the equation 𝑧3 = 1.

Consider the complex numbers 𝑝 = 1 − 3i and 𝑞 = 𝑥 + (2𝑥 + 1)i, where 𝑥 ∈ ℝ.

a. Determine the value of (i) 1 + 𝜔 + 𝜔2 ; (ii) 1 + 𝜔* + (𝜔*)2 . [4]

b. Show that (𝜔 − 3𝜔2 )(𝜔2 − 3𝜔) = 13. [4]

c. Find the values of 𝑥 that satisfy the equation | 𝑝 | = | 𝑞 | . [5]

d. Solve the inequality Re (𝑝𝑞) + 8 < (Im(𝑝𝑞))2 . [6]

[Link].TZ1.H_11

[Link] Page 37 of 86
QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

Consider 𝑤 = 2(cos𝜋 + i sin𝜋)

3 3

These four points form the vertices of a quadrilateral, Q.

a.i. Express w2 and w3 in modulus-argument form. [3]

[Link]. Sketch on an Argand diagram the points represented by w0 , w1 , w2 and w3.

[2]

b. 21√3 [3]
Show that the area of the quadrilateral Q is .
2

c.

Let 𝑧 = 2(cos𝜋 𝜋 +
𝑛 + i sin 𝑛 ), 𝑛 ∈ ℤ . The points represented on an Argand diagram by
𝑧0 , 𝑧1 , 𝑧2 , … , 𝑧𝑛 form the vertices of a polygon 𝑃𝑛 .

Show that the area of the polygon 𝑃𝑛 can be expressed in the form 𝑎(𝑏𝑛 − 1)sin𝜋
𝑛,
where 𝑎, 𝑏 ∈ ℝ.

[6]

[Link].TZ1.H_2

𝑧
Consider the complex numbers 𝑧1 = 1 + √3i, 𝑧2 = 1 + i and 𝑤 = 𝑧1 .
2

a.i.

By expressing 𝑧1 and 𝑧2 in modulus-argument form write down the modulus of 𝑤;

[3]

[Link].

By expressing 𝑧1 and 𝑧2 in modulus-argument form write down the argument of 𝑤.

[1]

b. Find the smallest positive integer value of 𝑛, such that 𝑤𝑛 is a real number. [2]

[Link] Page 38 of 86
QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

[Link].TZ0.T_1

Let 𝑝 = cos𝑥 2+ sin 𝑦,

√𝑤 − 𝑧

a. Calculate the value of 𝑝. Write down your full calculator display. [2]

b. Write your answer to part (a) (i) correct to two decimal places;

(ii) correct to three significant figures. [2]

c. Write your answer to part (b)(ii) in the form 𝑎 × 10𝑘 , where 1 ⩽ 𝑎 < 10, 𝑘 ∈ ℤ.

[2]

[Link].TZ2.H_1

Consider the complex number 𝑧 = 2 + 7i.

6 + 2i

a. Express 𝑧 in the form 𝑎 + i𝑏, where 𝑎, 𝑏 ∈ ℚ. [2]

b. Find the exact value of the modulus of 𝑧. [2]

c. Find the argument of 𝑧, giving your answer to 4 decimal places. [2]

[Link].TZ2.H_8

a.

b. One of the roots 𝑤1 satisfies the condition Re(𝑤1 ) = 0.

Given that 𝑤1 = 𝑧 , express 𝑧 in the form 𝑎 + 𝑏i, where 𝑎, 𝑏 ∈ ℚ. [3]

𝑧−i

[Link] Page 39 of 86
QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

[Link].TZ2.T_3

Last year a South American candy factory sold 4.8 × 108 spherical sweets. Each sweet
has a diameter of 2.5 cm.

The
The advertisement claimsan
factory is producing that the length ofshowing
advertisement is xoftimes
this line all thesethe length
sweets of theinAmazon
placed a
River. The length
straight line. of the Amazon River is 6400 km.

a.

Find the length, in cm, of this line. Give your answer in the form a × 10k , where 1 ≤
a < 10 and k ∈ ℤ.

[3]

b.i. Write down the length of the Amazon River in cm. [1]

[Link]. Find the value of x. [2]

[Link].TZ1.H_6

[Link] Page 40 of 86
QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

Let 𝑧 = 𝑎 + 𝑏i, 𝑎, b ∈ ℝ + and let arg 𝑧 = 𝜃.

a. Show the points represented by 𝑧 and 𝑧 − 2𝑎 on the following Argand diagram.

[1]

b.i. Find an expression in terms of θ for arg(𝑧 − 2𝑎). [1]

[Link]. Find an expression in terms of θ for arg( 𝑧 ). [2]

𝑧 − 2𝑎

c. Hence or otherwise find the value of θ for which Re( 𝑧 ) = 0. [3]

𝑧 − 2𝑎

[Link].TZ1.T_2

[Link] Page 41 of 86
QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

In the Canadian city of Ottawa:

The total population of Ottawa is 985 000.

a.

Calculate the percentage of the population of Ottawa that speak English but not
French.

[2]

b. Calculate the number of people in Ottawa that speak both English and French.

[2]

c. 97% of the population speak English,

38% of the
Write down your answer population
to part (b) in speak French,
the form 𝑎 × 10𝑘 where 1 ⩽ 𝑎 < 10 and k ∈ ℤ.
36% of the population speak both English and French.
[2]

[Link].TZ1.T_7

[Link] Page 42 of 86
QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

Sergei is training to be a weightlifter. Each day he trains at the local gym by lifting a
metal bar that has heavy weights attached. He carries out successive lifts. After each lift,
the same amount of weight is added to the bar to increase the weight to be lifted.

a.i. For that day find how much weight was added after each lift. [2]
The weights of each of Sergei’s lifts form an arithmetic sequence.
[Link]. For that day find the weight of Sergei’s first lift. [2]

b.

On that day, Sergei made 12 successive lifts. Find the total combined weight of
these lifts.

[2]

[Link].TZ2.T_4

A new café opened and during the first week their profit was $60.

A new tea-shop opened at the same time as the café. During the first week their profit
was also $60.

b. Calculate the café’s total profit for the first 12 weeks. [3]

d. Calculate the tea-shop’s total profit for the first 12 weeks. [3]

[Link].TZ2.T_1

[Link] Page 43 of 86
QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

Consider the numbers 𝑝 = 2.78 × 1011 and 𝑞 = 3.12 × 10 − 3 .

3 𝑝
a. Calculate √𝑞. Give your full calculator display. [2]

b.i. Write down your answer to part (a) correct to two decimal places; [1]

[Link]. Write down your answer to part (a) correct to three significant figures. [1]

c. Write your answer to part (b)(ii) in the form 𝑎 × 10𝑘 , where 1 ⩽ 𝑎 < 10, 𝑘 ∈ ℤ.

[2]

[Link].TZ2.T_5

Tomás is playing with sticks and he forms the first three diagrams of a pattern. These
diagrams are shown below.

Tomás forms a total of 24 diagrams.

a. Diagram 𝑛 is formed with 52 sticks. Find the value of 𝑛. [3]

b. Find the total number of sticks used by Tomás for all 24 diagrams. [3]

[Link].TZ1.T_5

[Link] Page 44 of 86
QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

The company Snakezen’s Ladders makes ladders of different lengths. All the ladders that
the company makes have the same design such that:

the first rung is 30 cm from the base of the ladder,

the second rung is 57 cm from the base of the ladder,

the distance between the first and second rung is equal to the distance
between all adjacent rungs on the ladder.

The ladder in the diagram was made by this company and has eleven equally spaced
rungs.

a. Find the distance from the base of this ladder to the top rung. [3]

b. The company also makes a ladder that is 1050 cm long.

Find the maximum number of rungs in this 1050 cm long ladder. [3]

[Link] Page 45 of 86
QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

[Link].TZ0.T_13

A comet orbits the Sun and is seen from Earth every 37 years. The comet was first seen
from Earth in the year 1064.

a. Find the year in which the comet was seen from Earth for the fifth time. [3]

b.

Determine how many times the comet has been seen from Earth up to the year
2014.

[3]

[Link].TZ2.H_5

In the following Argand diagram the point A represents the complex number − 1 + 4i
and the point B represents the complex number − 3 + 0i. The shape of ABCD is a square.
Determine the complex numbers represented by the points C and D.

[Link].TZ0.H_8

Determine the roots of the equation (𝑧 + 2i)3 = 216i, 𝑧 ∈ ℂ, giving the answers in the
form 𝑧 = 𝑎√3 + 𝑏i where 𝑎, 𝑏 ∈ ℤ.

[Link].TZ2.T_9

[Link] Page 46 of 86
QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

Consider the geometric sequence 𝑢1 = 18, 𝑢2 = 9, 𝑢3 = 4.5, ….

a. Write down the common ratio of the sequence. [1]

b. Find the value of 𝑢5 . [2]

c. Find the smallest value of 𝑛 for which 𝑢𝑛 is less than 10 − 3 . [3]

[Link].TZ1.H_2

𝜋i
Solve 𝑧2 = 4e2 , giving your answers in the form

a. 𝑟ei𝜃 where 𝑟, 𝜃 ∈ ℝ, 𝑟 > 0. [3]

b. 𝑎 + i𝑏 where 𝑎, 𝑏 ∈ ℝ. [2]

[Link].TZ0.H_1

Boxes of mixed fruit are on sale at a local supermarket.

Box A contains 2 bananas, 3 kiwifruit and 4 melons, and costs $6.58.

[Link].TZ0.H_4

[Link] Page 47 of 86
QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

Consider the following system of equations where 𝑎 ∈ ℝ.

a.

Find the value of 𝑎 for which the system of equations does not have a unique
solution.
2𝑥 + 4𝑦 − 𝑧 = 10
[2]

b. Find the solution of the system of equations when 𝑎 = 2. [5]

[Link].TZ1.T_10

The first three terms of a geometric sequence are 𝑢1 = 486, 𝑢2 = 162, 𝑢3 = 54.

a. Find the value of 𝑟, the common ratio of the sequence. [2]

b. Find the value of 𝑛 for which 𝑢𝑛 = 2. [2]

c. Find the sum of the first 30 terms of the sequence. [2]

[Link].TZ0.T_2

[Link] Page 48 of 86
QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

Rosa joins a club to prepare to run a marathon. During the first training session Rosa runs
a distance of 3000 metres. Each training session she increases the distance she runs by
400 metres.

A marathon is 42.195 kilometres.

Carlos joins the club to lose weight. He runs 7500 metres during the first month. The
distance he runs increases by 20% each month.

a.i. Write down the distance Rosa runs in the third training session; [1]

[Link]. Write down the distance Rosa runs in the 𝑛th training session. [2]

b. Find the value of 𝑘. [2]

c.

Calculate the total distance, in kilometres, Rosa runs in the first 50 training
sessions.

[4]

d. Find the distance Carlos runs in the fifth month of training. [3]
In the 𝑘th training session Rosa will run further than a marathon for the first time.
e. Calculate the total distance Carlos runs in the first year. [3]

[Link].TZ0.T_10

[Link] Page 49 of 86
QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

A hydraulic hammer drives a metal post vertically into the ground by striking the top of
the post. The distance that the post is driven into the ground, by the 𝑛th strike of the
hammer, is 𝑑𝑛 .

Find the𝑑value
[Link] 1 , 𝑑2 , of
𝑑3the 𝑑𝑛 form aratio
…,common geometric
for this sequence.
sequence. [2]

b.

Find the distance that the post is driven into the ground by the eighth strike of the
hammer.

[2]

[Link] that the post is driven into the ground by the first strike of the hammer, 𝑑1 ,
is 64 cm.
Find the total depth that the post has been driven into the ground after 10 strikes
of the hammer.

[2]

[Link].TZ0.T_9

[Link] Page 50 of 86
QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

Juan buys a bicycle in a sale. He gets a discount of 30% off the original price and pays
560 US dollars (USD).

To buy the bicycle, Juan takes a loan of 560 USD for 6 months at a nominal annual
interest rate of 75%, compounded monthly. Juan believes that the total amount he will
pay will be less than the original price of the bicycle.

a. Calculate the original price of the bicycle. [2]

b.

Calculate the difference between the original price of the bicycle and the total
amount Juan will pay.

[4]

[Link].TZ0.H_5

Consider the equation 𝑧4 = − 4, where 𝑧 ∈ ℂ.

a. Solve the equation, giving the solutions in the form 𝑎 + i𝑏, where 𝑎, 𝑏 ∈ ℝ. [5]

b.

The solutions form the vertices of a polygon in the complex plane. Find the area of
the polygon.

[2]

[Link].TZ0.H_6

Consider the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 e2𝑥 , where 𝑥 ∈ ℝ. The 𝑛th derivative of 𝑓(𝑥) is denoted by
( )
𝑓 𝑛 (𝑥).

[Link].TZ0.H_3

[Link] Page 51 of 86
QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

Three planes have equations:

[Link].TZ2.H_10

The function 𝑓 is defined by 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏, for 𝑥 ∈ ℝ, 𝑥 ≠ − 𝑑𝑐.

𝑐𝑥 + 𝑑

The function 𝑔 is defined by 𝑔(𝑥) = 2𝑥−− 3, 𝑥 ∈ ℝ, 𝑥 ≠ 2

𝑥 2

Express 𝑔(𝑥) in the form 𝐴 + 𝐵 where A, B are constants.

𝑥−2

[Link].TZ0.S_5

𝑘)9 , where 𝑘 > 0.

Consider the expansion of (3𝑥2 − 𝑥

[Link].TZ0.S_6

An infinite geometric series has first term 𝑢1 = 𝑎 and second term 𝑢2 = 1𝑎2 − 3𝑎, where
4
𝑎 > 0.

a. Find the common ratio in terms of 𝑎. [2]

b. Find the values of 𝑎 for which the sum to infinity of the series exists. [3]

c. Find the value of 𝑎 when 𝑆 ∞ = 76. [3]

[Link].TZ0.H_10

[Link] Page 52 of 86
QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

Consider two events 𝐴 and 𝐴 defined in the same sample space.

Given that P(𝐴 ∪ 𝐵) = 4, P(𝐵 | 𝐴) = 1 and P(𝐵 | 𝐴′ ) = 1,

9 3 6

a. Show that P(𝐴 ∪ 𝐵) = P(𝐴) + P(𝐴′ ∩ 𝐵). [3]

b. (i) show that P(𝐴) = 1; (ii) hence find P(𝐵). [6]

3

[Link].TZ2.S_1

In an arithmetic sequence, the first term is 3 and the second term is 7.

a. Find the common difference. [2]

b. Find the tenth term. [2]

c. Find the sum of the first ten terms of the sequence. [2]

[Link].TZ1.S_7

2 sin( ) 𝜋𝑥
Let 𝑓(𝑥) = e 2 , for x > 0.

a. Given that xk + 1 = xk + a, find a. [4]

𝑛
b. Hence find the value of n such that ∑ 𝑥𝑘 = 861. [4]
𝑘=1

[Link].TZ2.S_4

[Link] Page 53 of 86
QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

The first term of an infinite geometric sequence is 4. The sum of the infinite sequence is
200.

a. Find the common ratio. [2]

b. Find the sum of the first 8 terms. [2]

c. Find the least value of n for which Sn > 163. [3]

[Link].TZ0.S_2

In an arithmetic sequence, the first term is 8 and the second term is 5.

a. Find the common difference. [2]

b. Find the tenth term. [2]

[Link].TZ0.S_10

The following diagram shows [CD], with length 𝑏 cm, where 𝑏 > 1. Squares with side
lengths 𝑘 cm, 𝑘2 cm, 𝑘3 cm, …, where 0 < 𝑘 < 1, are drawn along [CD]. This process is
carried on indefinitely. The diagram shows the first three squares.

[Link].TZ0.S_3

[Link] Page 54 of 86
QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

In an arithmetic sequence, u1 = −5 and d = 3.

Find u8.

[Link].TZ1.S_10

The first two terms of an infinite geometric sequence are u1 = 18 and u2 = 12sin2 θ
, where 0 < θ < 2𝜋 , and θ ≠ 𝜋.

a.i. Find an expression for r in terms of θ. [2]

c. Find the values of θ which give the greatest value of the sum. [6]

[Link].TZ1.S_7

The first three terms of a geometric sequence are ln𝑥16 , ln𝑥8 , ln𝑥4 , for 𝑥 > 0.

Find the common ratio.

[Link].TZ2.S_10

In an arithmetic sequence, 𝑢1 = 1.3 , 𝑢2 = 1.4 and 𝑢𝑘 = 31.2.

Consider the terms, 𝑢𝑛 , of this sequence such that 𝑛 ≤ 𝑘.

b. Find the exact value of 𝑆𝑘 . [2]

c. Show that 𝐹 = 3240. [5]

d. An infinite geometric series is given as 𝑆∞ = 𝑎 + 𝑎 + 𝑎 + …, 𝑎 ∈ ℤ + .

√2 2

Find the largest value of 𝑎 such that 𝑆∞ < 𝐹. [5]

[Link].TZ1.S_7

[Link] Page 55 of 86
QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

The first terms of an infinite geometric sequence, 𝑢𝑛 , are 2, 6, 18, 54, …

225 𝑚
The finite series, ∑ 𝑤𝑘 , can also be written in the form ∑ 4𝑟𝑘 .
𝑘=1 𝑘=0

a. Write down the first three non-zero terms of 𝑤𝑛 . [3]

b.i. Find the value of 𝑟. [2]

[Link]. Find the value of 𝑚. [2]

The first terms of a second infinite geometric sequence, 𝑣𝑛 , are 2, −6, 18, −54, …

[Link].TZ2.S_5

Consider a geometric sequence where the first term is 768 and the second term is 576.

[Link].TZ0.T_15

Mia baked a very large apple pie that she cuts into slices to share with her friends. The
smallest slice is cut first. The volume of each successive slice of pie forms a geometric
sequence.

a. Find the common ratio of the sequence. [2]

b. Find the volume of the smallest slice of pie. [2]

c. The apple pie has a volume of 61 425 cm3 .

Find the total number of slices Mia can cut from this pie. [2]

[Link].TZ1.3

[Link] Page 56 of 86
QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

Consider an arithmetic sequence where 𝑢8 = 𝑆8 = 8. Find the value of the first term, 𝑢1 ,
and the value of the common difference, 𝑑.

[Link].TZ1.7

Consider the quartic equation 𝑧4 + 4𝑧3 + 8𝑧2 + 80𝑧 + 400 = 0, 𝑧 ∈ ℂ.

[Link].TZ1.9

[Link] Page 57 of 86
QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

A farmer has six sheep pens, arranged in a grid with three rows and two columns as
shown in the following diagram.

a.

Each pen is large enough to contain five sheep. Amber and Brownie must not
be placed in the same pen.

[4]

b.
Five sheep called Amber, Brownie, Curly, Daisy and Eden are to be placed in the pens.
Each
Each pen
pen may only
is large contain
enough oneall
to hold sheep.
of theAmber
[Link] Brownie
Amber and Brownie
must notare
beknown
placedto
in
pens which share a boundary.
fight.

[4]

[Link].TZ1.6

Consider the expansion of (3 + 𝑥2 )𝑛 + 1 , where 𝑛 ∈ ℤ + .

[Link].TZ1.7

[Link] Page 58 of 86
QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

Two friends Amelia and Bill, each set themselves a target of saving $ 20 000. They each
have $ 9000 to invest.

Amelia invests her $ 9000 in an account that offers an interest rate of 7 % per
annum compounded annually.

A third friend Chris also wants to reach the $ 20 000 target. He puts his money in a
safe where he does not earn any interest. His system is to add more money to this
safe each year. Each year he will add half the amount added in the previous year.

a.i.

Find the value of Amelia’s investment after 5 years to the nearest hundred dollars.

[3]

[Link].

Determine the number of years required for Amelia’s investment to reach the
target.

[2]

b.

Bill invests his $ 9000 in an account that offers an interest rate of 𝑟 % per
annum compounded monthly, where 𝑟 is set to two decimal places.

Find the minimum value of 𝑟 needed for Bill to reach the target after 10 years. [3]

c.i. Show that Chris will never reach the target if his initial deposit is $ 9000. [5]

[Link].

Find the amount Chris needs to deposit initially in order to reach the target after 5
years. Give your answer to the nearest dollar.

[3]

[Link].TZ1.8

[Link] Page 59 of 86
QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

Consider the complex numbers 𝑧 = 2(cos π + i sin π ) and 𝑤 = 8(cos 2𝑘π − i sin 2𝑘π ), where
5 5 5 5
𝑘∈ℤ+ .

Suppose that 𝑧𝑤 ∈ ℤ .

a. Find the modulus of 𝑧𝑤. [1]

b. Find the argument of 𝑧𝑤 in terms of 𝑘. [2]

c.i. Find the minimum value of 𝑘. [3]

[Link]. For the value of 𝑘 found in part (i), find the value of 𝑧𝑤. [1]

[Link].TZ2.7

Eight runners compete in a race where there are no tied finishes. Andrea and Jack are
two of the eight competitors in this race.

a. in the position immediately after Andrea. [2]

b. in any position after Andrea. [3]

[Link].TZ2.8

Consider 𝑧 = cos 𝜃 + i sin 𝜃 where 𝑧 ∈ ℂ, 𝑧 ≠ 1.

[Link].TZ2.9

[Link] Page 60 of 86
QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

a.

b.

By using the Maclaurin series for cos 𝑥 and the result from part (a), show that
2 4
the Maclaurin series for sec 𝑥 up to and including the term in 𝑥4 is 1 + 𝑥 + 5𝑥 .
2 24
[4]
Write down the first three terms of the binomial expansion of (1 + 𝑡)−1 in
c.
ascending powers of 𝑡.
By using the Maclaurin series for arctan 𝑥 and the result from part (b), find
lim (𝑥 arctan−2𝑥).
𝑥 → 0 sec 𝑥 1

[3]

[Link].TZ2.9

[Link] Page 61 of 86
QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

All answers in this question should be given to four significant figures.

In a local weekly lottery, tickets cost $ 2 each.

If nobody wins the grand prize in the first week, the probabilities will remain the same,
but the value of the grand prize will be $ 2000 in the second week, and the value of the
grand prize will continue to double each week until it is won. All other prize amounts will
remain the same.
In the first week of the lottery, a player will receive $ 𝐷 for each ticket, with the
a. Find the
probability distribution 𝑐.
value of shown in the following table. For example, the probability of[2]
a
player receiving $ 10 is 0 . 03. The grand prize in the first week of the lottery is $ 1000.
b.

Determine whether this lottery is a fair game in the first week. Justify your answer.

[4]

c.

Given that the grand prize is not won and the grand prize continues to double,
write an expression in terms of 𝑛 for the value of the grand prize in the 𝑛th week of
the lottery.

[2]

d.

The 𝑤th week is the first week in which the player is expected to make a profit.
Ryan knows that if he buys a lottery ticket in the 𝑤th week, his expected profit is
$ 𝑝.

Find the value of 𝑝. [7]

[Link] Page 62 of 86
QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

[Link].TZ2.2

This question asks you to investigate and prove a geometric property involving
the roots of the equation 𝑧𝑛 = 1 where 𝑧 ∈ ℂ for integers 𝑛, where 𝑛 ≥ 2.

2πi
The roots of the equation 𝑧𝑛 = 1 where 𝑧 ∈ ℂ are 1, 𝜔, 𝜔2 , …, 𝜔𝑛 − 1 , where 𝜔 = e 𝑛
. Each root can be represented by a point P0 , P1 , P2 , …, P𝑛 − 1 , respectively, on an
Argand diagram.

For example, the roots of the equation 𝑧2 = 1 where 𝑧 ∈ ℂ are 1 and 𝜔. On an

Argand diagram, the root 1 can be represented by a point P0 and the root 𝜔 can be
represented by a point P1 .

Consider the case where 𝑛 = 3.

The roots of the equation 𝑧3 = 1 where 𝑧 ∈ ℂ are 1, 𝜔 and 𝜔2 . On the following Argand
diagram, the points P0 , P1 and P2 lie on a circle of radius 1 unit with centre O(0, 0).

Line segments [P0 P1 ] and [P0 P2 ] are added to the Argand diagram in part (a) and are
shown on the following Argand diagram.

[Link] Page 63 of 86
QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

Consider the case where 𝑛 = 4.

On the following Argand diagram, the points P0 , P1 , P2 and P3 lie on a circle of radius
1 unit with centre O(0, 0). [P0 P1 ], [P0 P2 ] and [P0 P3 ] are line segments.

P0 P1 is the length of [P0 P1 ] and P0 P2 is the length of [P0 P2 ].

The roots of the equation 𝑧4 = 1 where 𝑧 ∈ ℂ are 1, 𝜔, 𝜔2 and 𝜔3 .

For the case where 𝑛 = 5, the equation 𝑧5 = 1 where 𝑧 ∈ ℂ has roots 1, 𝜔, 𝜔2 , 𝜔3 and
𝜔4 .

[Link] Page 64 of 86
QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

It can be shown that P0 P1 × P0 P2 × P0 P3 × P0 P4 = 5.

P0 P1 can be expressed as |1 − 𝜔|.

Consider 𝑧𝑛 − 1 = (𝑧 − 1)(𝑧𝑛 − 1 + 𝑧𝑛 − 2 + … + 𝑧 + 1) where 𝑧 ∈ ℂ .

a.i. Show that (𝜔 − 1)(𝜔2 + 𝜔 + 1) = 𝜔3 − 1. [2]

[Link]. Hence, deduce that 𝜔2 + 𝜔 + 1 = 0. [2]

Now
b. consider thePgeneral case for integer values of 𝑛, where 𝑛 ≥ 2.
Show that 0 P1 × P0 P2 = 3. [3]

c. By factorizing 𝑧4 − 1, or otherwise, deduce that 𝜔3 + 𝜔2 + 𝜔 + 1 = 0. [2]

d. Show that P0 P1 × P0 P2 × P0 P3 = 4. [4]

e. Suggest a value for P0 P1 × P0 P2 × … × P0 P𝑛 − 1 . [1]

f.i. Write down expressions for P0 P2 and P0 P3 in terms of 𝜔. [2]

The roots of the equation 𝑧𝑛 = 1 where 𝑧 ∈ ℂ are 1, 𝜔, 𝜔2 , …, 𝜔𝑛 − 1 . On an Argand
diagram, these write
roots down
can beanrepresented
expression by
for the
P0 Ppoints P0 , P1 , P2 , …, P𝑛 − 1
[Link]. Hence, 𝑛 − 1 in terms of 𝑛 and 𝜔. [1]
respectively where [P0 P1 ], [P0 P2 ], …, [P0 P𝑛 − 1 ] are line segments. The roots lie on a
g.i. of radius 1 unit with centre O(0, 0).
circle

Express 𝑧𝑛 − 1 + 𝑧𝑛 − 2 + … + 𝑧 + 1 as a product of linear factors over the set ℂ.

[3]

[Link].

Hence, using the part (g)(i) and part (f) results, or otherwise, prove your suggested
result to part (e).

[4]

[Link].TZ0.T_8

[Link] Page 65 of 86
QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

Give your answers in this question correct to the nearest whole number.

a. Calculate the value of Imon’s investment after 5 years. [3]

b.

At the end of the 5 years, Imon withdrew 𝑥 SGD from the fixed deposit account
and reinvested this into a super-savings account with a nominal annual interest rate
of 5 . 7 % , compounded half-yearly.

The value of the super-savings account increased to 20 000 SGD after 18 months.

Find the value of 𝑥. [3]

[Link].TZ2.T_14

[Link] Page 66 of 86
QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

Jashanti is saving money to buy a car. The price of the car, in US Dollars (USD), can be
modelled by the equation

𝑃 = 8500 (0.95)𝑡 .
Jashanti does not want to wait too long and wants to buy the car two months after she
started saving. She decides to ask her parents for the extra money that she needs.

a. Write down the amount of money Jashanti saves per month. [1]

b.

Use your graphic display calculator to find how long it will take for Jashanti to have
Jashanti’s savings, in USD, can be modelled by the equation
saved enough money to buy the car.

[2]

c. Calculate how much extra money Jashanti needs. [3]

[Link].TZ0.H_4

Consider the equation 2𝑧 = i, where 𝑧 = 𝑥 + i𝑦 and 𝑥, 𝑦 ∈ ℝ.

3 − 𝑧*

[Link].TZ0.H_5

The first term in an arithmetic sequence is 4 and the fifth term is log2 625.

[Link].TZ0.H_11

[Link] Page 67 of 86
QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

A particle 𝑃 moves in a straight line such that after time 𝑡 seconds, its velocity, 𝑣 in m s−1
, is given by 𝑣 = e−3𝑡 sin 6 𝑡, where 0 < 𝑡 < π .
2

At time 𝑡, 𝑃 has displacement 𝑠(𝑡); at time 𝑡 = 0, 𝑠(0) = 0.

At successive times when the acceleration of 𝑃 is 0 m s−2 , the velocities of 𝑃 form

a geometric sequence. The acceleration of 𝑃 is zero at times 𝑡1 , 𝑡2 , 𝑡3 where
𝑡1 < 𝑡2 < 𝑡3 and the respective velocities are 𝑣1 , 𝑣2 , 𝑣3 .

a. Find the times when 𝑃 comes to instantaneous rest. [2]

b. Find an expression for 𝑠 in terms of 𝑡. [7]

c. Find the maximum displacement of 𝑃, in metres, from its initial position. [2]

d. Find the total distance travelled by 𝑃 in the first 1 . 5 seconds of its motion. [2]

e.i. Show that, at these times, tan 6𝑡 = 2. [2]

𝑣 𝑣 −π
[Link]. Hence show that 𝑣2 = 𝑣3 = − e 2 . [5]
1 2

[Link].TZ0.T_5

A large underground tank is constructed at Mills Airport to store fuel. The tank is in the
shape of an isosceles trapezoidal prism, ABCDEFGH.

AB = 70 m , AF = 200 m, AD = 40 m, BC = 40 m and CD = 110 m. Angle ADC = 60° and

angle BCD = 60°. The tank is illustrated below.

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Once construction was complete, a fuel pump was used to pump fuel into the empty
tank. The amount of fuel pumped into the tank by this pump each hour decreases as an
arithmetic sequence with terms 𝑢1 , 𝑢2 , 𝑢3 , …, 𝑢𝑛 .

At the end of the 2nd hour, the total volume of fuel in the tank was 88 200 m3 .

a. ofFind
Part ℎ, the height
this sequence is shown
of the in the table.
tank. [2]

b.

Show that the volume of the tank is 624 000 m3 , correct to three significant
figures.

[3]

c. Write down the common difference, 𝑑. [1]

d. Find the amount of fuel pumped into the tank in the 13th hour. [2]

e.i. Find the value of 𝑛 such that 𝑢𝑛 = 0. [2]

[Link].

Write down the number of hours that the pump was pumping fuel into the tank.

[1]

f. Find the total amount of fuel pumped into the tank in the first 8 hours. [2]

g. Show that the tank will never be completely filled using this pump. [3]

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[Link].TZ0.H_4

⎛ 1 ⎞9
Find the term independent of 𝑥 in the expansion of 3 ⎜ 2 − ⎟ .
1 𝑥
𝑥 ⎝3𝑥 2⎠

[Link].TZ0.H_6

𝑛
Use mathematical induction to prove that d 𝑛 (𝑥e𝑝𝑥 ) = 𝑝𝑛 − 1 (𝑝𝑥 + 𝑛)e𝑝𝑥 for
d𝑥
𝑛 ∈ ℤ + , 𝑝 ∈ ℚ.

[Link].TZ0.H_7

At a gathering of 12 teachers, seven are male and five are female. A group of five of
these teachers go out for a meal together. Determine the possible number of groups in
each of the following situations:

a. There are more males than females in the group. [4]

b. Two of the teachers, Gary and Gerwyn, refuse to go out for a meal together.

[3]

[Link].TZ2.2

The 𝑛th term of an arithmetic sequence is given by 𝑢𝑛 = 15 − 3𝑛.

a. State the value of the first term, 𝑢1 . [1]

b. Given that the 𝑛th term of this sequence is −33, find the value of 𝑛. [2]

c. Find the common difference, 𝑑. [2]

[Link].TZ2.3

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Consider any three consecutive integers, 𝑛 − 1, 𝑛 and 𝑛 + 1.

a. Prove that the sum of these three integers is always divisible by 3. [2]

b. Prove that the sum of the squares of these three integers is never divisible by 3.

[4]

[Link].TZ2.6

Consider the binomial expansion (𝑥 + 1)7 = 𝑥7 + 𝑎𝑥6 + 𝑏𝑥5 + 35𝑥4 + … + 1 where 𝑥 ≠ 0

and 𝑎, 𝑏 ∈ ℤ + .

a. Show that 𝑏 = 21. [2]

b.

The third term in the expansion is the mean of the second term and the fourth term
in the expansion.

Find the possible values of 𝑥. [5]

[Link].TZ2.8

Consider the functions 𝑓(𝑥) = 1 + 1, for 𝑥 ≠ 4, and 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 − 3 for 𝑥 ∈ ℝ .

𝑥−4

The following diagram shows the graphs of 𝑓 and 𝑔.

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In the following diagram, the shaded region is enclosed by the graph of 𝑓, the graph of 𝑔
, the 𝑥-axis, and the line 𝑥 = 𝑘, where 𝑘 ∈ ℤ .

The graphs of 𝑓 and 𝑔 intersect at points A and B. The coordinates of A are (3, 0).

a. Find the coordinates of B. [5]

b. Find the value of 𝑘 and the value of 𝑝. [10]

[Link].TZ0.HDM_3

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QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

a.i.

[Link].

Use Fermat’s little theorem to find the remainder when 142022 is divided by 17. [4]

b.i.

Prove that a number in base 13 is divisible by 6 if, and only if, the sum of its digits is
divisible by 6.
Write down the remainder when 142022 is divided by 7.
[4]

[Link].

The base 13 number 1𝑦93𝑦25 is divisible by 6. Find the possible values of the digit 𝑦.

[4]

[Link].TZ0.8

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Consider the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑎𝑥 where 𝑥, 𝑎 ∈ ℝ and 𝑥 > 0, 𝑎 > 1.

Consider the arithmetic sequence log8 27 , log8 𝑝 , log8 𝑞 , log8 125 , where
𝑝 > 1 and 𝑞 > 1.

a. Show that 𝑎 = 8. [2]

b. Write down an expression for 𝑓−1 (𝑥). [1]

c. Find the value of 𝑓−1 (√32). [3]

d.i.

Show that 27, 𝑝, 𝑞 and 125 are four consecutive terms in a geometric sequence.

[4]

[Link]. Find the value of 𝑝 and the value of 𝑞. [5]

The graph of 𝑓 contains the point (2 4).
[Link].TZ0.6

a.

b.

Hence or otherwise, solve the equation 2 sin 2𝜃 − 3 − 6 = 0 for

sin 2𝜃 − 1
0 ≤ 𝜃 ≤ π, 𝜃 ≠ π.
4
[5]

[Link].TZ0.12

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Consider the equation (𝑧 − 1)3 = i, 𝑧 ∈ ℂ . The roots of this equation are 𝜔1 , 𝜔2 and 𝜔3 ,
where Im(𝜔2 ) > 0 and Im (𝜔3 ) < 0.

The roots 𝜔1 , 𝜔2 and 𝜔3 are represented by the points A , B and C respectively on

an Argand diagram.

Consider the equation (𝑧 − 1)3 = i𝑧3 , 𝑧 ∈ ℂ .

a.i. iπ [2]
Verify that 𝜔1 = 1 + e 6 is a root of this equation.

[Link]. Find 𝜔2 and 𝜔3 , expressing these in the form 𝑎 + e i𝜃 , where 𝑎 ∈ ℝ and 𝜃 > 0.

[4]

b. Plot the points A , B and C on an Argand diagram. [4]

c. Find AC. [3]

d. By using de Moivre’s theorem, show that 𝛼 = 1 is a root of this equation.

iπ
1−e 6
[3]

e. Determine the value of Re(𝛼). [6]

[Link].TZ0.3

Solve the equation log3 √𝑥 = 1 + log3 (4𝑥3 ), where 𝑥 > 0.

2 log2 3

[Link].TZ0.9

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Consider the expression 1 − √1 − 𝑥 where 𝑎 ∈ ℚ , 𝑎 ≠ 0.

√1 + 𝑎𝑥

a. Find the value of 𝑎 and the value of 𝑏. [6]

b. State the restriction which must be placed on 𝑥 for this expansion to be valid.

[1]

[Link].TZ0.6

𝑛 𝑟
The sum of the first 𝑛 terms of a geometric sequence is given by 𝑆𝑛 = Σ 2(7) .
𝑟 = 13 8

a. Find the first term of the sequence, 𝑢1 . [2]

b. Find 𝑆 ∞ . [3]

c. Find the least value of 𝑛 such that 𝑆 ∞ − 𝑆𝑛 < 0 . 001. [4]

[Link].TZ2.9

Prove by contradiction that the equation 2𝑥3 + 6𝑥 + 1 = 0 has no integer roots.

[Link].TZ2.12

In the following Argand diagram, the points Z1 , O and Z2 are the vertices of triangle
Z1 OZ2 described anticlockwise.

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In parts (c), (d) and (e), consider the case where Z1 OZ2 is an equilateral triangle.

Let 𝑧1 and 𝑧2 be the distinct roots of the equation 𝑧2 + 𝑎𝑧 + 𝑏 = 0 where 𝑧 ∈ ℂ and

𝑎, 𝑏 ∈ ℝ.
The point Z1 represents the complex number 𝑧1 = 𝑟1 ei𝛼 , where 𝑟1 > 0. The point Z2
represents
a. Showthethatcomplex
𝑧 𝑧 ∗ =number 𝑟2 ei𝜃 , where
𝑟 𝑟 ei(𝛼𝑧−2 𝜃)= where 2 > complex
𝑧 ∗ is𝑟the 0. conjugate of 𝑧 . [2]
1 2 1 2 2 2

∗
b. Given that Re(𝑧1 𝑧2 ) = 0, show that Z1 OZ2 is a right-angled triangle. [2]

c.i. Express 𝑧1 in terms of 𝑧2 . [2]

2
[Link]. 𝛼,Hence
Angles 𝜃 areshow
measured + 𝑧2 2 = 𝑧1 𝑧from
that 𝑧1anticlockwise 2. the positive direction of the real axis [4]
such that 0 ≤ 𝛼, 𝜃 < 2𝜋 and 0 < 𝛼 − 𝜃 < 𝜋.
d. Use the result from part (c)(ii) to show that 𝑎2 − 3𝑏 = 0. [5]

e. Consider the equation 𝑧2 + 𝑎𝑧 + 12 = 0, where 𝑧 ∈ ℂ and 𝑎 ∈ ℝ.

Given that 0 < 𝛼 − 𝜃 < 𝜋, deduce that only one equilateral triangle Z1 OZ2 can
be formed from the point O and the roots of this equation.

[3]

[Link].TZ1.1

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QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

In this question, give all answers correct to two decimal places.

David also invests $ 1700 in a savings account that pays an annual rate of interest of 𝑟 %
, compounded yearly. David makes no further payments or withdrawals from this
account.

a. Find the amount that Sam will have in his account after 10 years. [3]

b.

Find the value of 𝑟 required so that the amount in David’s account after 10 years
will be equal to the amount in Sam’s account.

[2]

c. Find the interest David will earn over the 10 years. [1]
Sam invests $ 1700 in a savings account that pays a nominal annual rate of interest of

[Link].TZ2.2

This question asks you to investigate conditions for the existence of complex roots of
polynomial equations of degree 𝟑 and 𝟒.

Consider the equation 𝑥3 − 7𝑥2 + 𝑞𝑥 + 1 = 0, where 𝑞 ∈ ℝ.

Noah believes that if 𝑝2 ≥ 3𝑞 then 𝛼, 𝛽 and 𝛾 are all real.

Now consider polynomial equations of degree 4.

The equation 𝑥4 + 𝑝𝑥3 + 𝑞𝑥2 + 𝑟𝑥 + 𝑠 = 0, where 𝑝, 𝑞, 𝑟, 𝑠 ∈ ℝ , has roots 𝛼, 𝛽, 𝛾 and

𝛿.

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The cubic equation 𝑥3 + 𝑝𝑥2 + 𝑞𝑥 + 𝑟 = 0, where 𝑝, 𝑞, 𝑟 ∈ ℝ , has roots 𝛼, 𝛽 and 𝛾.

In a similar way4to the cubic equation, it can be shown that:
The equation 𝑥 − 9𝑥3 + 24𝑥2 + 22𝑥 − 12 = 0, has one integer root.

a. By expanding (𝑥 − 𝛼)(𝑥 − 𝛽)(𝑥 − 𝛾) show that: 𝑝 = − (𝛼 + 𝛽 + 𝛾)

𝑞 = 𝛼𝛽 + 𝛽𝛾 + 𝛾𝛼 𝑟 = − 𝛼𝛽𝛾. [3]
𝑝 = − (𝛼 + 𝛽 + 𝛾 + 𝛿)
b.i. Show that 𝑝2 − 2𝑞 = 𝛼2 + 𝛽2 + 𝛾2 . [3]

[Link]. Hence show that (𝛼 − 𝛽)2 + (𝛽 − 𝛾)2 + (𝛾 − 𝛼)2 = 2𝑝2 − 6𝑞. [3]

c. Given that 𝑝2 < 3𝑞, deduce that 𝛼, 𝛽 and 𝛾 cannot all be real. [2]
𝑞 = 𝛼𝛽 + 𝛼𝛾 + 𝛼𝛿 + 𝛽𝛾 + 𝛽𝛿 + 𝛾𝛿
d.

Using the result from part (c), show that when 𝑞 = 17, this equation has at least one
complex root.
𝑟 = − (𝛼𝛽𝛾 + 𝛼𝛽𝛿 + 𝛼𝛾𝛿 + 𝛽𝛾𝛿)
[2]

e.i.

By varying the value of 𝑞 in the equation 𝑥3 − 7𝑥2 + 𝑞𝑥 + 1 = 0, determine the

𝑠 = 𝛼𝛽𝛾𝛿.positive integer value of 𝑞 required to show that Noah is incorrect.
smallest

[2]

[Link]. Explain why the equation will have at least one real root for all values of 𝑞.

[1]

f.i. Find an expression for 𝛼2 + 𝛽2 + 𝛾2 + 𝛿2 in terms of 𝑝 and 𝑞. [3]

[Link].

Hence state a condition in terms of 𝑝 and 𝑞 that would imply

𝑥4 + 𝑝𝑥3 + 𝑞𝑥2 + 𝑟𝑥 + 𝑠 = 0 has at least one complex root.

[1]

g.
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QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

g.

Use your result from part (f)(ii) to show that the equation
𝑥4 − 2𝑥3 + 3𝑥2 − 4𝑥 + 5 = 0 has at least one complex root.

[1]

h.i.

State what the result in part (f)(ii) tells us when considering this equation
𝑥4 − 9𝑥3 + 24𝑥2 + 22𝑥 − 12 = 0.

[1]

[Link]. Write down the integer root of this equation. [1]

[Link].

By writing 𝑥4 − 9𝑥3 + 24𝑥2 + 22𝑥 − 12 as a product of one linear and one

cubic factor, prove that the equation has at least one complex root.

[4]

[Link].TZ1.8

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QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

Consider the series ln 𝑥 + 𝑝 ln 𝑥 + 1ln 𝑥 + …, where 𝑥 ∈ ℝ, 𝑥 > 1 and 𝑝 ∈ ℝ, 𝑝 ≠ 0.

3

Consider the case where the series is geometric.

Now consider the case where the series is arithmetic with common difference 𝑑.

a.i. Show that 𝑝 = ± 1 . [2]

√3

[Link]. Given that 𝑝 > 0 and 𝑆 ∞ = 3 + √3, find the value of 𝑥. [3]

b.i. Show that 𝑝 = 2. [3]

3

[Link]. Write down 𝑑 in the form 𝑘 ln 𝑥, where 𝑘 ∈ ℚ . [1]

[Link]. The sum of the first 𝑛 terms of the series is −3 ln 𝑥. Find the value of 𝑛.

[6]

[Link].TZ1.9

Consider 𝑓(𝑥) = 4 cos 𝑥(1 − 3 cos 2𝑥 + 3 cos 2 2𝑥 − cos 3 2𝑥).

a.i. Expand and simplify (1 − 𝑎)3 in ascending powers of 𝑎. [2]

[Link].

By using a suitable substitution for 𝑎, show that

1 − 3 cos 2𝑥 + 3 cos 2 2𝑥 − cos 3 2𝑥 = 8 sin 6 𝑥.

[4]

Show that ∫ 𝑓(𝑥) d 𝑥 = 32sin 7 𝑚, where 𝑚 is a positive real constant.

𝑚
b.i. [4]
0 7
π
[Link]. It is given that ∫ 2 𝑓(𝑥) d 𝑥 = 127, where 0 ≤ 𝑚 ≤ π . Find the value of 𝑚. [5]
𝑚 28 2

[Link].TZ1.6

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QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

𝑛
Consider the expansion of (8𝑥3 − 1 ) where 𝑛 ∈ ℤ + . Determine all possible values of 𝑛
2𝑥
for which the expansion has a non-zero constant term.

[Link].TZ1.2

a.

9 ⎛3√𝑥 − 5⎞
Hence, find the value of ∫ ⎜ ⎟ d 𝑥.
b. [4]
1⎜⎝ √
𝑥 ⎟⎠

[Link].TZ1.9

Mary, three female friends, and her brother, Peter, attend the theatre. In the theatre
there is a row of 10 empty seats. For the first half of the show, they decide to sit next to
each other in this row.

For the second half of the show, they return to the same row of 10 empty seats. The four
girls decide to sit at least one seat apart from Peter. The four girls do not have to sit next
to each other.

a. Find the number of ways these five people can be seated in this row. [3]

b. Find the number of ways these five people can now be seated in this row. [4]

[Link].TZ1.12

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QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

Consider the differential equation 𝑥2 d 𝑦 = 𝑦2 − 2𝑥2 for 𝑥 > 0 and 𝑦 > 2𝑥. It is given that
d𝑥
𝑦 = 3 when 𝑥 = 1.

a.

Use Euler’s method, with a step length of 0 . 1, to find an approximate value of 𝑦

when 𝑥 = 1 . 5.

[4]

b. Use the substitution 𝑦 = 𝑣𝑥 to show that 𝑥 d 𝑣 = 𝑣2 − 𝑣 − 2. [3]

d𝑥
4
c.i. By solving the differential equation, show that 𝑦 = 8𝑥 + 𝑥3 . [10]
4−𝑥

[Link]. Find the actual value of 𝑦 when 𝑥 = 1 . 5. [1]

[Link].
4
Using the graph of 𝑦 = 8𝑥 + 𝑥3 , suggest a reason why the approximation given by
4−𝑥
Euler’s method in part (a) is not a good estimate to the actual value of 𝑦 at 𝑥 = 1 . 5.

[1]

[Link].TZ2.3

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QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

Gemma and Kaia started working for different companies on January 1st 2011.

Kaia’s annual salary is based on a yearly performance review. Her salary for the years
2011, 2013, 2014, 2018, and 2022 is shown in the following table.

a. Find Gemma’s annual salary for the year 2021, to the nearest dollar. [3]

b.

Assuming Kaia’s annual salary can be approximately modelled by the equation

𝑆 = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏, show that Kaia had a higher salary than Gemma in the year
2021, according to the model.

Gemma’s starting annual salary was $ 45 000, and her annual salary increases 2 % [3]
on January 1st each year after 2011.

[Link].TZ1.8

Consider integers 𝑎 and 𝑏 such that 𝑎2 + 𝑏2 is exactly divisible by 4. Prove by

contradiction that 𝑎 and 𝑏 cannot both be odd.

[Link].TZ1.9

Consider the complex numbers 𝑧1 = 1 + 𝑏i and 𝑧2 = (1 − 𝑏2 ) − 2𝑏i, where 𝑏 ∈ ℝ, 𝑏 ≠ 0.

a. Find an expression for 𝑧1 𝑧2 in terms of 𝑏. [3]

b. Hence, given that arg(𝑧1 𝑧2 ) = π , find the value of 𝑏. [3]

4

[Link].TZ1.10

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QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

Consider the series ln 𝑥 + 𝑝 ln 𝑥 + 1ln 𝑥 + …, where 𝑥 ∈ ℝ, 𝑥 > 1 and 𝑝 ∈ ℝ, 𝑝 ≠ 0.

3

Consider the case where the series is geometric.

Now consider the case where the series is arithmetic with common difference 𝑑.

a.i. Show that 𝑝 = ± 1 . [2]

√3

[Link]. Hence or otherwise, show that the series is convergent. [1]

[Link]. Given that 𝑝 > 0 and 𝑆 ∞ = 3 + √3, find the value of 𝑥. [3]

b.i. Show that 𝑝 = 2. [3]

3

[Link]. Write down 𝑑 in the form 𝑘 ln 𝑥, where 𝑘 ∈ ℚ . [1]

⎛ ⎞ Find the value of 𝑛.

[Link]. The sum of the first 𝑛 terms of the series is ln ⎜ 13 ⎟. [8]
⎝𝑥 ⎠

[Link].TZ2.9

Consider the set of six-digit positive integers that can be formed from the digits
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9.

a. the digits are distinct. [2]

b. the digits are distinct and are in increasing order. [2]

[Link].TZ2.12

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QuestionBank Test 20/10/25 14:49

The population, 𝑃, of a particular species of marsupial on a small remote island can

be modelled by the logistic differential equation

Let 𝑃0 be the initial population of marsupials.

d 𝑃 = 𝑘𝑃(1 − 𝑃 )
d𝑡 𝑁
a. In the context of the population model, interpret the meaning of d 𝑃. [1]
d𝑡
2
b. Show that d 2𝑃 = 𝑘2 𝑃(1 − 𝑁
𝑃 )(1 − 2𝑃).
𝑁
[4]
d𝑡

c.

Hence show that the population of marsupials will increase at its maximum rate
when 𝑃 = 𝑁. Justify your answer.
where 𝑡 is the2time measured in years and 𝑘, 𝑁 are positive constants.
[5]

d. Hence determine the maximum value of d 𝑃 in terms of 𝑘 and 𝑁. [2]

d𝑡

e.

By solving the logistic differential equation, show that its solution can be
expressed in the form

⎛𝑁 − 𝑃0 ⎞ population of this species of marsupial that[7]

The constant 𝑁 represents the maximum
𝑃
𝑘𝑡 = ln 𝑃 ⎜ 𝑁 − 𝑃 ⎟.
⎝
the island can sustain indefinitely.
0 ⎠

f. After 10 years, the population of marsupials is 3𝑃0 . It is known that 𝑁 = 4𝑃0 .

Find the value of 𝑘 for this population model. [2]

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