The University Of Jordan
Faculty Of Medicine
General Embryology
DR. AHMED SALMAN
A S S OC IA TE PRO F ESSOR O F A N A TO MY AN D H I S TO L OGY
Female reproductive system
FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
Organs of the female
reproductive system
1-The ovaries (female gonads)
2-The uterine (fallopian) tubes
or Oviducts
3-The uterus
4-The vagina
5- External organs, which are
collectively called the vulva
6-The mammary glands
Ovaries
Are paired glands that resemble unshelled almonds in size and shape
Site of the Ovary: In the ovarian fossa in the lateral wall of the pelvis
Function : The ovaries produce
A. Gametes, secondary oocytes
B. Female sex hormones including progesterone
and estrogens
Uterine tubes
Females have two uterine (fallopian) tubes, that extend laterally from the uterus
Functions : They provide a route for sperm to reach an ovum and transport
secondary oocytes and fertilized ova from the ovaries to the uterus.
Parts of the Tube:
From lateral to medial, it has four parts;
1. Infundibulum :
It is the lateral part of the tube which is closely related to the ovary.
Its bottom presents the abdominal ostium which have fimbriae which
spread over the surface of the ovary.
During ovulation, the fimbriae trap the oocyte into the uterine tube.
2. Ampulla :
It is the widest and longest part of the tube
It is the site of fertilization.
3. Isthmus:
It is narrow
4. Uterine (intramural) part :
It is the short and narrowest segment
It opens in the uterine cavity through the uterine ostium
Infundibulum
Fimbriae
Isthmus
Ampulla
UTERUS
The uterus is a hollow thick-walled, pear-shaped muscular organ situated
in the pelvis
It composed of fundus ,body and cervix.
Wall of body and fundus has 3 layers
•The lining mucosa is called Endometrium
•The muscular layer called Myometrium
•The external layer Perimetrium
Vagina
It is a fibromuscular tube
It extends from the uterus down to the vestibule
Male Genital system
Components of the male reproductive system
Primary sex organ:
◦ Paired testis
Secondary sex organs:
◦ Genital ducts (Epididymis ,Vas
Deference and Ejaculatory duct)
◦ Accessory glands (the paired seminal
vesicles, the single prostate gland and
two bulbourethral glands)
◦ The penis
Male reproductive system
Primary sex organ Accessory Glands Accessory Ducts Copulatory Organ
Testis Two Seminal Epididymis Penis
Vesicles Vas Deference
Function : Ejaculatory duct
One Prostate
1. Produce
Two Bulbourethral
Spermatozoa
2. Synthesis of male Passage of sperm
sex hormone and seminal fluid
Manufacture and
secrete the seminal
fluid
Testis
Testis is the male primary sex organ, suspended in
the scrotum
It produce
1- Gametes (sperms)
2- Male sex hormone (testosterone)
TESTIS
Covering Parenchyma
Tunica Albuginea
tunica vaginalis Interstitial tissue Seminiferous
Tunica Vascularis
Contains tubules
Leydig Cells
Contains
Testosterone Production Sertoli cells
Spermatogenic cells
Sperm
Production
Male Genital Organs
1. Scrotum (protection and suitable temperature)
2. Testis (production of sperms and testosterone )
3. Epididymis (transport and maturation of sperm)
4. Vas deference (transport of sperm)
5. Seminal vesicles (produces an alkaline secretion rich in fructose and mucus)
6. Ejaculatory ducts
7. Prostate gland (Secretes prostatic
fluid which compose 70% of seminal fluid )
1. Penis