Top Java Interview Questions for MNCs (Basic to
Advanced)
Comprehensive Java interview preparation guide covering fundamental, intermediate, and
advanced topics commonly asked in MNCs like TCS, Infosys, Wipro, Accenture, IBM, and
Capgemini.
Basic Java Questions
1. What is Java?
2. What are the main features of Java?
3. What is JVM, JRE, and JDK?
4. What is the difference between JDK, JRE, and JVM?
5. What are the data types supported in Java?
6. What is the difference between primitive and non-primitive data types?
7. What are access modifiers in Java?
8. What is the difference between == and equals() in Java?
9. What is a constructor? How is it different from a method?
10. What is method overloading?
OOPs and Core Java Concepts
11. What are the four main OOP principles?
12. What is inheritance? Give an example.
13. What is polymorphism?
14. What is encapsulation and abstraction?
15. What is method overriding?
16. What is the difference between an abstract class and an interface?
17. Can a class implement multiple interfaces?
18. What is a final class, final method, and final variable?
19. What is the use of the super keyword?
20. What is the difference between this and super keywords?
Exception Handling
21. What is exception handling in Java?
22. What is the difference between checked and unchecked exceptions?
23. What is the purpose of try, catch, finally blocks?
24. Can you have multiple catch blocks in Java?
25. What is the difference between throw and throws?
26. What is a custom exception? How do you create one?
27. What happens if an exception is not handled?
Collections Framework
28. What is the Java Collections Framework?
29. What is the difference between List, Set, and Map?
30. What is the difference between ArrayList and LinkedList?
31. What is HashMap and how does it work internally?
32. What is the difference between HashMap and Hashtable?
33. What is the difference between TreeMap and HashMap?
34. What is Iterator in Java?
35. What is the difference between fail-fast and fail-safe iterators?
Multithreading
36. What is a thread in Java?
37. How do you create a thread in Java?
38. What is the difference between extend Thread class and implement Runnable interface?
39. What is synchronization? Why is it important?
40. What are deadlocks and how can they be prevented?
41. What is the difference between wait() and sleep()?
42. What is the use of join() method in threads?
43. What is a daemon thread?
Java 8 and New Features
44. What are the main features introduced in Java 8?
45. What is a lambda expression?
46. What is the Stream API in Java 8?
47. What are default and static methods in interfaces?
48. What is the Optional class in Java 8?
49. What is the difference between map() and flatMap()?
50. What are functional interfaces?
Coding and Logical Questions
51. Write a Java program to check if a number is prime.
52. Write a Java program to reverse a string.
53. Write a program to find factorial using recursion.
54. Write a program to check if a string is palindrome.
55. Write a Java program to find the largest and smallest number in an array.
56. Write a Java program to sort an array without using built-in functions.
57. Write a program to find duplicate elements in an array.
58. Write a program to swap two numbers without using a third variable.
59. Write a program to count vowels and consonants in a string.
60. Write a program to print Fibonacci series up to n terms.
Advanced and Real-World Questions
61. What is the difference between String, StringBuilder, and StringBuffer?
62. What is immutability in Java?
63. What is serialization and deserialization?
64. What is the transient keyword?
65. What is the difference between comparable and comparator?
66. What is the difference between shallow copy and deep copy in Java?
67. What are design patterns? Name a few commonly used ones.
68. How does garbage collection work in Java?
69. What is the difference between JIT compiler and JVM?
70. What are the differences between Java and Python?
End of Document
This document is a complete reference for Java interview preparation for MNCs. Practice coding
problems, revise OOP concepts, and stay confident in explaining core principles clearly during
interviews.