‫ﻣﺘﺮﺟﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻹﻧﺠﻠﻴﺰﻳﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ‪[Link].

com -‬‬

‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬

‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ (‪v7.0 )ITN‬‬

Introduction
Introduction to Networks v7.0
(ITN)
 ‫ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﻮﺑﻴﺔ؟‬
‫‪ -‬ﺗﺸﻴﺮﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺳﻮﺑﻴﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﺤﻮﺳﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺼﻠﺔ )ﻣﺜﻞ ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻤﻮﻟﺔ ﻭﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺩﻡ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻬﻮﺍﺗﻒﺍﻟﺬﻛﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﻴﺔ( ﻭﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻣﺘﺰﺍﻳﺪﺓ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺇﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺍﻷﺷﻴﺎء )ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻣﻴﺮﺍﺕ ﻭﺃﻗﻔﺎﻝ ﺍﻷﺑﻮﺍﺏ‬
‫ﻭﺃﺟﺮﺍﺱﺍﻷﺑﻮﺍﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﺜﻼﺟﺎﺕ ﻭﺃﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺕ ‪ /‬ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺉﻴﺎﺕ ﻭﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺸﻌﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ( ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﻣﻊ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺾ‪.‬‬

‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
What is the Computer networking?
 Computer networking refers to connected computing devices (such as laptops, desktops, servers,
smartphones, and tablets) and an ever-expanding array of IoT devices (such as cameras, door
locks, doorbells, refrigerators, audio/visual systems, and various sensors) that communicate with
one another.

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 2
 ‫ﻟﻤﺎﺫﺍﻧﺤﺘﺎﺝ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ؟‬
‫ﺗﺴﺎﻋﺪﺷﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻴﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞ‪ .‬ﻫﻞ ﻳﻤﻜﻨﻚ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺘﺨﻴﻞ ﻋﺎﻟﻤﺎً ﺍﻵﻥ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ‬
‫ﺭﺳﺎﺉﻞﺍﻟﺒﺮﻳﺪ ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺤﻒ ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺪﻭﻧﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺭﺩﺷﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻘﺪﻣﻬﺎ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ؟‬

‫ﻭﻓﻴﻤﺎﻳﻠﻲ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻮﺍﺉﺪ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻤﺔ ﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻛﺔﺍﻟﻤﻠﻔﺎﺕ‪:‬ﺗﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﺷﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﻣﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻛﺔ ﻣﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‪ .‬ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻛﺔ ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ‪:‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻴﻦﻣﺸﺎﺭﻛﺔ ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺑﻌﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺎﺳﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺉﻴﺔ ﻭﻣﺤﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻗﺮﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﻤﻀﻐﻮﻃﺔ ﻭﺍﻷﻗﺮﺍﺹ ﺍﻟﺼﻠﺒﺔ ﻭﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺇﻟﻰﺫﻟﻚ‪ .‬ﻭﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺷﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻛﺔ ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻛﺔﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻖ‪:‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﻋﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﺬﺍ ﻳﺴﻤﺢ ﺑﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻴﻞ‪/‬ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺩﻡ‬

‫ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‪:‬ﺗﺴﻤﺢ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻳﺪ ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻲ ﻭﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺧﺒﺎﺭ ﻭﻣﺆﺗﻤﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﺪﻳﻮ‬
‫ﻭﻣﺎﺇﻟﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻷﻟﻌﺎﺏﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﻴﺔ‪:‬ﺗﺘﻮﻓﺮ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻛﺒﻴﺮﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻟﻌﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺴﻤﺢ ﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻴﻦ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩﻳﻦ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻌﺐ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﻗﻊ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻧﻘﻞﺍﻟﺼﻮﺕ ﻋﺒﺮ ﺑﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻝ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ )‪:(VoIP‬ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺕ ﻋﺒﺮ ﺑﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻝ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ )‪ (IP‬ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍً ﺛﻮﺭﻳﺎً ﻓﻲ ﻣﺠﺎﻝ ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ‬
‫ﻳﺴﻤﺢﺑﺈﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻟﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﺗﻔﻴﺔ )ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺕ( ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻝ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻲ )‪ (IP‬ﺑﺪﻻ ًﻣﻦ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﺗﻒ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬
‫)‪ (PSTN‬ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻠﻴﺪﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
Why we need networks?
Computer networks help users on the network to share the resources and in communication. Can you
imagine a world now without emails, online newspapers, blogs, chat and the other services offered by
the internet?

The following are the important uses and benefits of a computer network.
File sharing: Networking of computers helps the network users to share data files.
Hardware sharing: Users can share devices such as printers, scanners, CD-ROM drives, hard
drives etc. Without computer networks, device sharing is not possible.
Application sharing: Applications can be shared over the network, and this allows to implement
client/server applications
User communication: Networks allow users to communicate using e-mail, newsgroups, and video
conferencing etc.
Network gaming: A lot of network games are available, which allow multi-users to play from different
locations.
Voice over IP (VoIP): Voice over Internet Protocol (IP) is a revolutionary change in
telecommunication which allows to send telephone calls (voice data) using standard Internet Protocol
(IP) rather than by traditional PSTN.
© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 3
‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ‪ :1‬ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ‬

‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ (‪v7.0 )ITN‬‬

Module 1: Networking Today
Introduction to Networks v7.0
(ITN)
 ‫ﺃﻫﺪﺍﻑﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ‪:‬ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ‬

‫ﻫﺪﻑﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ‪:‬ﺷﺮﺡ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺪﻡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺜﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻫﺪﻑﺍﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ ‫ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥﺍﻟﻤﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬
‫ﺍﺷﺮﺡﻛﻴﻒ ﺗﺆﺛﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻣﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕﺗﺆﺛﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻨﺎ‬
‫ﺍﺷﺮﺡﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻀﻴﻔﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‬
‫ﺷﺮﺡﺗﻤﺜﻴﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ ﻭﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻣﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺗﻮﺑﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻼﺕﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻮﺑﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻣﻘﺎﺭﻧﺔﺧﺼﺎﺉﺺ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺉﻌﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺉﻌﺔ‬
‫ﺍﺷﺮﺡﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺷﺒﻜﺎﺕ ‪ LAN‬ﻭ ‪ WAN‬ﺑﺎﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬
‫ﻭﺻﻒﺍﻟﻤﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺭﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﺒﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺛﻮﻗﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻜﺎﺕﻣﻮﺛﻮﻗﺔ‬

‫ﺍﺷﺮﺡﻛﻴﻒ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻻﺗﺠﺎﻫﺎﺕ ﻣﺜﻞ ‪ BYOD‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﻋﺒﺮ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻴﺪﻳﻮ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻮﺳﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺤﺎﺑﻴﺔ ﺗﻐﻴﺮ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﺠﺎﻫﺎﺕﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻧﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ ﺑﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺪﻳﺪﺍﺕ ﺍﻷﻣﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻠﻮﻝ ﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺃﻣﻦﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ‬

‫ﺍﺷﺮﺡﻓﺮﺹ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺠﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﺮﻑﻓﻲ ﻣﺠﺎﻝ ﺗﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬

‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
Module Objectives
Module Title: Networking Today

Module Objective: Explain the advances in modern technologies.

Topic Title Topic Objective

Networks Affect our Lives Explain how networks affect our daily lives.
Network Components Explain how host and network devices are used.
Network Representations and Topologies Explain network representations and how they are used in network topologies.
Common Types of Networks Compare the characteristics of common types of networks.
Internet Connections Explain how LANs and WANs interconnect to the internet.
Reliable Networks Describe the four basic requirements of a reliable network.

Network Trends Explain how trends such as BYOD, online collaboration, video, and cloud computing
are changing the way we interact.
Network Security Identify some basic security threats and solution for all networks.

The IT Professional Explain employment opportunities in the networking field.

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 5
 ‫‪1.1‬ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﺗﺆﺛﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻨﺎ‬

‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
1.1 Networks Affect Our
Lives

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 6
 ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕﺗﺮﺑﻄﻨﺎ‬

‫ﺇﻥﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﻳﺸﻜﻞ ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﻛﺒﺮﻯ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻨﺎ ﺑﻘﺪﺭ ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩﻧﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻬﻮﺍء ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺎء ﻭﺍﻟﻐﺬﺍء ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺄﻭﻯ‪ .‬ﻭﻓﻲ ﻋﺎﻟﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ‪،‬ﻭﺑﻔﻀﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺃﺻﺒﺤﻨﺎ ﻣﺘﺼﻠﻴﻦ ﺑﺒﻌﻀﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺴﺒﻖ ﻟﻪ ﻣﺜﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ‪.‬‬

‫‪7‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
Networking Today
Networks Connect Us

Communication is almost as important to us as our reliance on air, water, food, and

shelter. In today’s world, through the use of networks, we are connected like never
before.

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 7
 ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ‬
‫ﻓﻴﺪﻳﻮ– ﺗﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻛﺎﺩﻳﻤﻴﺔ ﺳﻴﺴﻜﻮ ﻟﻠﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺃﻛﺎﺩﻳﻤﻴﺔﺳﻴﺴﻜﻮ ﻟﻠﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ‪ :‬ﺗﻌﺮﻑ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎ ﻟﺠﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﺎً ﺃﻓﻀﻞ‪.‬‬

‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
Networking Today
Video – The Cisco Networking Academy Learning Experience
Cisco Networking Academy: learn how we use technology to make the world a better place.

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 8
 ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞﺍﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ‬

‫ﻻﺣﺪﻭﺩ‬
‫• ﻋﺎﻟﻢﺑﻼ ﺣﺪﻭﺩ‬

‫• ﺍﻟﻤﺠﺘﻤﻌﺎﺕﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ‬

‫• ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔﺍﻟﺒﺸﺮﻳﺔ‬

‫‪9‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
Networking Today
No Boundaries
• World without boundaries

• Global communities

• Human network

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 9
 ‫‪1.2‬ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‬

‫‪10‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
1.2 Network Components

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 10
 ‫ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‬
‫ﺃﺩﻭﺍﺭﺍﻟﻤﻀﻴﻒ‬
‫ﻳﻄُﻠﻖﻋﻠﻰ ﻛﻞ ﺟﻬﺎﺯ ﻛﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔﺍﺳﻢ ﻣﻀﻴﻒ ﺃﻭ ﺟﻬﺎﺯ ﻧﻬﺎﺉﻲ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺩﻡﻫﻲ ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﻛﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﺗﻮﻓﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬

‫ﻟﻸﺟﻬﺰﺓﺍﻟﻄﺮﻓﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﺧﻮﺍﺩﻡﺍﻟﺒﺮﻳﺪ ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻲ‬ ‫•‬
‫ﻭﺻﻒ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺩﻡ‬ ‫• ﺧﻮﺍﺩﻡﺍﻟﻮﻳﺐ‬
‫ﻳﻜﺘﺐ‬
‫ﺧﺎﺩﻡﺍﻟﻤﻠﻔﺎﺕ‬ ‫•‬
‫ﻳﻘﻮﻡﺧﺎﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻳﺪ ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻲ ﺑﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺧﺎﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻳﺪ ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻲ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻳﺪﺇﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻲ‬

‫ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡﺍﻟﻌﻤﻼء ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻴﻞ ﻟﻠﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻳﺪ ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻲ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻼءﻫﻢ ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﻛﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﺗﺮﺳﻞ ﻃﻠﺒﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺇﻟﻰﺍﻟﺨﻮﺍﺩﻡ ﻻﺳﺘﺮﺟﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‪:‬‬
‫ﻳﻘﻮﻡﺧﺎﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﻮﻳﺐ ﺑﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺧﺎﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﻮﻳﺐ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻮﻳﺐ‬
‫ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡﺍﻟﻌﻤﻼء ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺼﻔﺢ ﻟﻠﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺻﻔﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﻳﺐ‪.‬‬
‫• ﺻﻔﺤﺔﻭﻳﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺎﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﻮﻳﺐ‬
‫ﻳﺨﺰﻥﺧﺎﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﻣﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﻠﻒ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻳﺪﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺧﺎﺩﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻳﺪ ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻲ‬ ‫•‬
‫ﻭﻳﻤﻜﻦﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻔﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫‪11‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
Network Components
Host Roles
Every computer on a network is
called a host or end device.
Servers are computers that provide
information to end devices:
• email servers
• web servers Server Description
Type
• file server
Email Email server runs email server software.
Clients are computers that send Clients use client software to access email.
requests to the servers to retrieve
Web Web server runs web server software.
information: Clients use browser software to access web pages.
• web page from a web server
• email from an email server File File server stores corporate and user files.
The client devices access these files.
© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 11
 ‫ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﺪﻟﻠﻨﺪ‬
‫ﻣﻦﺍﻟﻤﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺯ ﻋﻤﻴﻼ ًﻭﺧﺎﺩﻣﺎً ﻓﻲ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ‪ .‬ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻳﻮﺻﻰﺑﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮﺓ ﺟﺪﺍً ﻓﻘﻂ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻌﻴﻮﺏ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺰﺍﻳﺎ‬
‫ﻻﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻳﺔ ﻭﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺁﻣﻨﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻬﻞﺍﻹﻋﺪﺍﺩ‬
‫ﺃﻗﻞﺗﻌﻘﻴﺪﺍ‬
‫ﻏﻴﺮﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﻠﻔﺔﺃﻗﻞ‬

‫ﺃﺩﺍءﺃﺑﻄﺄ‬ ‫ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡﻟﻠﻤﻬﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻴﻄﺔ‪ :‬ﻧﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﻭﻣﺸﺎﺭﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺑﻌﺎﺕ‬

‫‪12‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
Network Components
Peer-to-Peer
It is possible to have a device be a client and a server in a Peer-to-Peer Network. This type of
network design is only recommended for very small networks.

Advantages Disadvantages
Easy to set up No centralized administration
Less complex Not as secure
Lower cost Not scalable

Used for simple tasks: transferring files and sharing Slower performance
printers
© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 12
 ‫ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓﺍﻟﻄﺮﻓﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺯﺍﻟﻄﺮﻓﻲ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺗﻨﺸﺄ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻼﻣﻬﺎ ﻣﻨﻪ‪ .‬ﺗﻨﺸﺄ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻬﺎﺯ ﻃﺮﻓﻲ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺗﺘﺪﻓﻖﻋﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﺼﻞ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺟﻬﺎﺯ ﻃﺮﻓﻲ‪.‬‬

‫‪13‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
Network Components
End Devices
An end device is where a message originates from or where it is received. Data originates with an
end device, flows through the network, and arrives at an end device.

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 13
 ‫ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‬
‫ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻴﻄﺔ‬
‫ﻳﻘﻮﻡﺟﻬﺎﺯ ﻭﺳﻴﻂ ﺑﺮﺑﻂ ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻓﻴﺔ ﺑﺒﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺾ‪ .‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺎﺗﻴﺢ ﻭﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻼﺳﻠﻜﻴﺔﻭﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺟﻴﻪ ﻭﺟﺪﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺇﻥﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﺗﺪﻓﻘﻬﺎ ﻋﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ ﻫﻲ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﺩﻭﺭ ﺟﻬﺎﺯ ﻭﺳﻴﻂ‪ ،‬ﺑﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻟﻚ‪:‬‬

‫• ﺗﺠﺪﻳﺪﻭﺇﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺎﻅﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺣﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‪.‬‬
‫• ﺇﻋﻼﻡﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ ﺑﺎﻷﺧﻄﺎء ﻭﻓﺸﻞ ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕ‪.‬‬

‫‪14‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
Network Components
Intermediary Network Devices
An intermediary device interconnects end devices. Examples include switches, wireless
access points, routers, and firewalls.

Management of data as it flows through a network is also the role of an intermediary

device, including:
• Regenerate and retransmit data signals.
• Maintain information about what pathways exist in the network.
• Notify other devices of errors and communication failures.

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 14
 ‫ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‬
‫ﺷﺒﻜﺔﺍﻻﻋﻼﻡ‬
‫ﻳﺘﻢﺇﺟﺮﺍء ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕ ﻋﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻭﺳﻴﻂ ﻳﺴﻤﺢ ﻟﻠﺮﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﺑﺎﻻﻧﺘﻘﺎﻝ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺪﺭ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﺟﻬﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﺻﻒ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉﺍﻟﻮﺳﺎﺉﻂ‬

‫ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡﺍﻟﻨﺒﻀﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺉﻴﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﻷﺳﻼﻙﺍﻟﻤﻌﺪﻧﻴﺔ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ‬

‫ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡﻧﺒﻀﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻀﻮء‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻷﻟﻴﺎﻑﺍﻟﺰﺟﺎﺟﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻼﺳﺘﻴﻜﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺩﺍﺧﻞﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ )ﻛﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﻷﻟﻴﺎﻑ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺉﻴﺔ(‬

‫ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡﺗﻌﺪﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻞﺍﻟﻼﺳﻠﻜﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺩﺩﺍﺕﺍﻟﻤﺤﺪﺩﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﻮﺟﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﻬﺮﻭﻣﻐﻨﺎﻃﻴﺴﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪15‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
Network Components
Network Media
Communication across a network is carried through a medium which allows a message to
travel from source to destination.

Media Types Description

Metal wires within cables Uses electrical impulses

Glass or plastic fibers Uses pulses of light.

within cables (fiber-optic
cable)

Wireless transmission Uses modulation of

specific frequencies of
electromagnetic waves.

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 15
 ‫‪1.3‬ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻼﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻮﺑﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎﺕ‬

‫‪16‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
1.3 Network Representations and
Topologies

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 16
 ‫ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻼﺕﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻮﺑﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻼﺕﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‬

‫ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡﺍﻟﻤﺨﻄﻄﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺴﻤﻰ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً‬

‫ﺑﻤﺨﻄﻄﺎﺕﺍﻟﻄﻮﺑﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎ‪ ،‬ﺭﻣﻮﺯﺍً ﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﺘﻀﻤﻦﺍﻟﻤﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻳﺠﺐ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺘﻬﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‪:‬‬

‫• ﺑﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻭﺍﺟﻬﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ )‪(NIC‬‬

‫• ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻔﺬ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻱ‬
‫• ﻭﺍﺟﻬﺔ‬

‫ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﺔ‪:‬ﻓﻲ ﻛﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﺣﻴﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﻳﺘﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‬

‫ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺤﻲﺍﻟﻤﻨﻔﺬ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﻬﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺒﺎﺩﻝ‬

‫‪17‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
Network Representations and Topologies
Network Representations

Network diagrams, often called topology

diagrams, use symbols to represent
devices within the network.
Important terms to know include:
• Network Interface Card (NIC)
• Physical Port
• Interface

Note: Often, the terms port and

interface are used interchangeably

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 17
 ‫ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻼﺕﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻄﻮﺑﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻣﺨﻄﻄﺎﺕﺍﻟﻄﻮﺑﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺿﺢﻣﺨﻄﻄﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺑﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬ ‫ﺗﻮﺿﺢﻣﺨﻄﻄﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺑﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﺰﻳﺎﺉﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﻓﺬﻭﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺹ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻱﻟﻸﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻴﻄﺔ ﻭﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ‪.‬‬

‫‪18‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
Network Representations and Topologies
Topology Diagrams
Physical topology diagrams illustrate the Logical topology diagrams illustrate devices,
physical location of intermediary devices ports, and the addressing scheme of the
and cable installation. network.

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 18
 ‫‪1.4‬ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺉﻌﺔ‬

‫‪19‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
1.4 Common Types of Networks

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 19
 ‫ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺉﻌﺔ‬
‫ﺷﺒﻜﺎﺕﺑﺄﺣﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩﺓ‬
‫• ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕﺍﻟﻤﻨﺰﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮﺓ – ﺭﺑﻂ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻗﻠﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓﺍﻟﻜﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﺑﺒﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﻭﺑﺎﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬
‫• ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺐﺍﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮ‪/‬ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺰﻟﻲ – ﻳﺘﻴﺢ ﻟﺠﻬﺎﺯ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮﺍﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺰﻝ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﻴﺪ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻝﺑﺸﺒﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ‬
‫• ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﻴﺮﺓ – ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺳﻮﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﻣﻨﺰﻝﺻﻐﻴﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﻗﻊﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﺘﻮﻱ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺉﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺁﻻﻑ ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮﺍﻟﻤﺘﺮﺍﺑﻄﺔ‬
‫• ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ ‪ -‬ﺗﺮﺑﻂ ﻣﺉﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻼﻳﻴﻦ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓﺍﻟﻜﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺃﻧﺤﺎء ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ ‪ -‬ﻣﺜﻞ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬

‫ﻓﻲﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺃﻧﺤﺎء ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ‪/‬ﻛﺒﻴﺮ‬

‫‪20‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
Common Types of Networks
Networks of Many Sizes
• Small Home Networks – connect a few
computers to each other and the Internet
• Small Office/Home Office – enables
computer within a home or remote office
to connect to a corporate network
Small Home SOHO • Medium to Large Networks – many
locations with hundreds or thousands of
interconnected computers
• World Wide Networks – connects
hundreds of millions of computers world-
wide – such as the internet

Medium/Large World Wide

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 20
 ‫ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺉﻌﺔ‬
‫ﺷﺒﻜﺎﺕ‪ LAN‬ﻭﺷﺒﻜﺎﺕ ‪WAN‬‬
‫ﺗﺨﺘﻠﻒﺍﻟﺒﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺘﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﺒﻜﺔ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻛﺒﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺣﻴﺚ‪:‬‬
‫• ﺣﺠﻢﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻐﻄﺎﺓ‬
‫• ﻋﺪﺩﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺼﻠﻴﻦ‬
‫• ﻋﺪﺩﻭﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﺨﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺎﺣﺔ‬

‫• ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔﺍﻟﻤﺴﺆﻭﻟﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻋﺎﻥﺍﻷﻛﺜﺮ ﺷﻴﻮﻋﺎً ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ‪:‬‬

‫• ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ )‪(LAN‬‬
‫• ﺷﺒﻜﺔﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺳﻌﺔ )‪.(WAN‬‬

‫‪21‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
Common Types of Networks
LANs and WANs
Network infrastructures vary greatly in
terms of:
• Size of the area covered
• Number of users connected
• Number and types of services
available
• Area of responsibility

Two most common types of networks:

• Local Area Network (LAN)
• Wide Area Network (WAN).

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 21
 ‫ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺉﻌﺔ‬
‫ﺷﺒﻜﺎﺕ‪ LAN‬ﻭﺷﺒﻜﺎﺕ ‪) WAN‬ﺗﺎﺑﻊ(‬
‫ﺷﺒﻜﺔ‪ WAN‬ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺘﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﺒﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻤﺘﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻜﺔ‪ LAN‬ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺘﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﺒﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻤﺘﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔﺟﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﺳﻌﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔﺟﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﺻﻐﻴﺮﺓ‪.‬‬

‫ﺷﺒﻜﺔﻭﺍﺳﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻄﺎﻕ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻜﺔﻣﺤﻠﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺭﺑﻂﺷﺒﻜﺎﺕ ‪ LAN‬ﻋﺒﺮ ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺟﻐﺮﺍﻓﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﺳﻌﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺭﺑﻂﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻓﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﺓ‪.‬‬

‫ﻳﺘﻢﺇﺩﺍﺭﺗﻬﺎ ﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺑﻮﺍﺳﻄﺔ ﻣﺰﻭﺩ ﺧﺪﻣﺔ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻳﺘﻢﺇﺩﺍﺭﺗﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻣﻨﻈﻤﺔ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﺃﻭ ﻓﺮﺩ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻋﺎﺩﺓﻣﺎ ﺗﻮﻓﺮ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﺫﺍﺕ ﺳﺮﻋﺔ ﺃﺑﻄﺄ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺷﺒﻜﺎﺕ ‪.LAN‬‬ ‫ﺗﻮﻓﻴﺮﻧﻄﺎﻕ ﺗﺮﺩﺩﻱ ﻋﺎﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻋﺔ ﻟﻸﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪22‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
Common Types of Networks
LANs and WANs (cont.)
A LAN is a network infrastructure that spans A WAN is a network infrastructure that spans
a small geographical area. a wide geographical area.

LAN WAN
Interconnect end devices in a limited area. Interconnect LANs over wide geographical areas.
Administered by a single organization or Typically administered by one or more service
individual. providers.
Provide high-speed bandwidth to internal Typically provide slower speed links between LANs.
devices.

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 22
 ‫ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺉﻌﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬
‫ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻋﺎﻟﻤﻴﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺒﻜﺎﺕ‬
‫‪ LAN‬ﻭ‪ WAN‬ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺮﺍﺑﻄﺔ‪.‬‬

‫• ﻳﺘﻢﺭﺑﻂ ﺷﺒﻜﺎﺕ ‪ LAN‬ﻣﻊ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺷﺒﻜﺎﺕ‬

‫‪.WAN‬‬

‫• ﻗﺪﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺷﺒﻜﺎﺕ ‪ WAN‬ﺍﻷﺳﻼﻙ ﺍﻟﻨﺤﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬

‫ﻭﻛﺎﺑﻼﺕﺍﻷﻟﻴﺎﻑ ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺉﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﻼﺳﻠﻜﻲ‪.‬‬

‫ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖﻟﻴﺲ ﻣﻠﻜﺎً ﻷﻱ ﻓﺮﺩ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‪ .‬ﺗﻢ ﺗﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺎﺕﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺤﻔﺎﻅ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‪:‬‬

‫ﻓﺮﻳﻖﻋﻤﻞ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬ ‫•‬

‫• ﺍﻳﻜﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺁﻱﺃﻱ ﺑﻲ‬ ‫•‬
‫‪23‬‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺴﻜﻮﺳﺮﻱ‬ ‫© ‪ 2016‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ ﻟﺸﺮﻛﺔ ﺳﻴﺴﻜﻮ ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
Common Types of Networks
The Internet
The internet is a worldwide collection of
interconnected LANs and WANs.
• LANs are connected to each other using
WANs.
• WANs may use copper wires, fiber optic
cables, and wireless transmissions.
The internet is not owned by any individual
or group. The following groups were
developed to help maintain structure on
the internet:
• IETF
• ICANN
• IAB
© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 23
 ‫ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺉﻌﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺎﺭﺟﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ ﻫﻲ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺷﺒﻜﺎﺕ‬

‫‪ LAN‬ﻭ‪ WAN‬ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻤﺆﺳﺴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻔﺘﺮﺽﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺘﺎﺣﺔ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻷﻋﻀﺎء ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺳﺴﺔ‬
‫ﺃﻭﺍﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﺻﻠﻴﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﺫﻥ‪.‬‬

‫ﻗﺪﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻣﻨﻈﻤﺔ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ﺇﻛﺴﺘﺮﺍﻧﺖ ﻟﺘﻮﻓﻴﺮ ﻭﺻﻮﻝ‬

‫ﺁﻣﻦﺇﻟﻰ ﺷﺒﻜﺘﻬﺎ ﻟﻸﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻳﻌﻤﻠﻮﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻈﻤﺔ‬
‫ﺃﺧﺮﻯﻭﻳﺤﺘﺎﺟﻮﻥ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎﺗﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺷﺒﻜﺘﻬﻢ‪.‬‬

‫‪24‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
Common Types of Networks
Intranets and Extranets

An intranet is a private collection of LANs

and WANs internal to an organization that
is meant to be accessible only to the
organizations members or others with
authorization.
An organization might use an extranet to
provide secure access to their network for
individuals who work for a different
organization that need access to their
data on their network.

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 24
 ‫‪1.5‬ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬

‫‪25‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
1.5 Internet Connections

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 25
 ‫ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬

‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻕ ﻟﺮﺑﻂ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎﺕﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬

‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺆﺳﺴﺎﺕﺑﺎﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‪:‬‬
‫• ﺗﺸﻤﻞﺍﻟﺨﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺉﻌﺔ ﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺯﻝﻭﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﺗﺐ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮﺓ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‪:‬‬
‫ﻛﺎﺑﻞﺍﻟﻨﻄﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻳﺾ‪ ،‬ﻭﺧﻂ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻄﺎﻕﺍﻟﻌﺮﻳﺾ )‪ ،(DSL‬ﻭﺷﺒﻜﺎﺕ ‪WAN‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻼﺳﻠﻜﻴﺔ‪،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻨﻘﻠﺔ‪.‬‬
‫• ﺗﺤﺘﺎﺝﺍﻟﻤﺆﺳﺴﺎﺕ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕ ﺃﺳﺮﻉ ﻟﺪﻋﻢ‬
‫ﻫﻮﺍﺗﻒ‪ IP‬ﻭﻣﺆﺗﻤﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﺪﻳﻮ ﻭﺗﺨﺰﻳﻦ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‪.‬‬

‫• ﻳﺘﻢﺗﻮﻓﻴﺮ ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﻋﺎﺩﺓ ً‬

‫ﻣﻦﻗﺒﻞ ﻣﻮﻓﺮﻱ ﺍﻟﺨﺪﻣﺔ )‪ (SP‬ﻭﻗﺪ‬
‫ﺗﺸﻤﻞ‪ DSL:‬ﻟﻠﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺨﻄﻮﻁ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺄﺟﺮﺓ‪،‬ﻭ‪.Metro Ethernet‬‬

‫‪26‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
Internet Connections
Internet Access Technologies There are many ways to connect users
and organizations to the internet:
• Popular services for home users
and small offices include
broadband cable, broadband digital
subscriber line (DSL), wireless
WANs, and mobile services.
• Organizations need faster
connections to support IP phones,
video conferencing and data center
storage.
• Business-class interconnections
are usually provided by service
providers (SP) and may include:
business DSL, leased lines, and
Metro Ethernet.
© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 26
 ‫ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬
‫ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺎﺯﻝ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﺗﺐ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮﺓ‬
‫ﻭﺻﻒﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻝ‬

‫ﻧﻄﺎﻕﺗﺮﺩﺩﻱ ﻋﺎﻟﻲ‪ ،‬ﺇﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻣﺘﺎﺡ ﺩﺍﺉﻤﺎً‪،‬‬ ‫ﻛﺎﺑﻞ‬

‫ﺗﻘﺪﻣﻪﺷﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺧﺪﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻠﻔﺰﻳﻮﻥ ﺑﺎﻟﻜﺎﺑﻞ‪.‬‬

‫ﻧﻄﺎﻕﺗﺮﺩﺩﻱ ﻋﺎﻟﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺇﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺩﺍﺉﻢ‬ ‫ﺧﻂﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻲ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ‪،‬ﻳﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﺒﺮ‬
‫ﺧﻂﻫﺎﺗﻔﻲ‪.‬‬
‫ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡﺷﺒﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﺗﻒ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻤﻮﻝ ﻟﻼﺗﺼﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺧﻠﻮﻱ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‪.‬‬

‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙﻓﺎﺉﺪﺓ ﻛﺒﻴﺮﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﻔﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻻ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻤﺮﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ‬

‫ﻳﻮﺟﺪﺑﻬﺎ ﻣﺰﻭﺩﻱ ﺧﺪﻣﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺧﻴﺎﺭﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻜﻠﻒ ﻭﺫﻭ ﻧﻄﺎﻕ ﺗﺮﺩﺩﻱ‬ ‫ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻝﺍﻟﻬﺎﺗﻔﻲ‬

‫ﻣﻨﺨﻔﺾﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻣﻮﺩﻡ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻫﺎﺗﻒ‬

‫‪27‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
Internet Connections
Home and Small Office Internet Connections
Connection Description

Cable high bandwidth, always on, internet

offered by cable television service
providers.

DSL high bandwidth, always on, internet

connection that runs over a
telephone line.
Cellular uses a cell phone network to connect
to the internet.

Satellite major benefit to rural areas without

Internet Service Providers.
Dial-up an inexpensive, low bandwidth
telephone option using a modem.

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 27
 ‫ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬
‫ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﻟﻠﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻭﺻﻒ‬ ‫ﻧﻮﻉﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻗﺪﺗﺘﻄﻠﺐ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻷﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻳﻠﻲ‪:‬‬
‫ﻭﻫﺬﻩﻋﺒﺎﺭﺓ ﻋﻦ ﺩﻭﺍﺉﺮ ﻣﺤﺠﻮﺯﺓ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﻠﺺ‬
‫ﻣﺰﻭﺩﺍﻟﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﺗﻌﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺑﻂ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺎﺗﺐ‬
‫• ﻧﻄﺎﻕﺗﺮﺩﺩﻱ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺨﻂﺍﻟﻤﺆﺟﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﻌﻴﺪﺓﺑﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﺻﻮﺗﻴﺔ ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫• ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕﻣﺨﺼﺼﺔ‬
‫• ﺍﻟﺨﺪﻣﺎﺕﺍﻟﻤﺪﺍﺭﺓ‬
‫ﻳﺆﺩﻱﻫﺬﺍ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺗﻮﺳﻴﻊ ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ‪LAN‬‬ ‫ﺇﻳﺜﺮﻧﺖ‬
‫ﺇﻟﻰﺷﺒﻜﺔ ‪.WAN‬‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻜﺔﻭﺍﺳﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻄﺎﻕ‬

‫ﺗﺘﻮﻓﺮﺧﺪﻣﺔ ‪ DSL‬ﻟﻸﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﻓﻲ ﺃﺷﻜﺎﻝ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﻂﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻲ‬

‫ﺑﻤﺎﻓﻲ ﺫﻟﻚ ﺧﻄﻮﻁ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﺮﻙ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﻤﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻤﺎﺛﻠﺔ)‪.(SDSL‬‬

‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦﺃﻥ ﻳﻮﻓﺮ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻻ ًﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ ﻻ ﻳﺘﻮﻓﺮ ﺣﻞ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﻘﻤﺮﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻲ‬

‫ﺳﻠﻜﻲ‪.‬‬

‫‪28‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
Internet Connections
Businesses Internet Connections
Corporate business connections may Type of Description
require: Connection
Dedicated These are reserved circuits within
• higher bandwidth Leased Line the service provider’s network that
• dedicated connections connect distant offices with private
voice and/or data networking.
• managed services
Ethernet This extends LAN access technology
WAN into the WAN.

DSL Business DSL is available in various

formats including Symmetric Digital
Subscriber Lines (SDSL).

Satellite This can provide a connection when

a wired solution is not available.

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 28
 ‫ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔﺍﻟﻤﺘﻘﺎﺭﺑﺔ‬

‫ﻗﺒﻞﻇﻬﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻘﺎﺭﺑﺔ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺘﺎﺩ‬

‫ﺃﻥﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻞ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﻈﻤﺔ ﺑﻜﺎﺑﻼﺕ ﻣﻨﻔﺼﻠﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻠﻬﺎﺗﻒﻭﺍﻟﻔﻴﺪﻳﻮ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‪ .‬ﻭﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻛﻞ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻦﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻨﻘﻞﺍﻹﺷﺎﺭﺓ‪.‬‬

‫ﺳﺘﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬

‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻳﻴﺮ‪.‬‬

‫‪29‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
Internet Connections
The Converging Network

Before converged networks, an

organization would have been
separately cabled for telephone, video,
and data. Each of these networks
would use different technologies to
carry the signal.
Each of these technologies would use a
different set of rules and standards.

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 29
 ‫ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔﺍﻟﻤﺘﻘﺎﺭﺑﺔ )ﺗﺎﺑﻊ(‬
‫ﺗﺤﻤﻞﺷﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻘﺎﺭﺑﺔ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩﺓﻋﻠﻰ ﺭﺍﺑﻂ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻟﻚ‪:‬‬
‫ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫•‬
‫• ﺻﻮﺕ‬
‫• ﻓﻴﺪﻳﻮ‬
‫ﺗﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻘﺎﺭﺑﺔ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼﻮﺕﻭﺍﻟﻔﻴﺪﻳﻮ ﻋﺒﺮ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺸﺒﻜﺔ‪.‬ﻭﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﺒﻜﺔ‬
‫ﻧﻔﺲﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻳﻴﺮ‪.‬‬

‫‪30‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
Internet Connections
The Converging Network (Cont.)
Converged data networks carry
multiple services on one link including:
• data
• voice
• video
Converged networks can deliver data,
voice, and video over the same
network infrastructure. The network
infrastructure uses the same set of
rules and standards.

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 30
 ‫ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬
‫ﻓﻴﺪﻳﻮ– ﺗﻨﺰﻳﻞ ﻭﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ ‪Packet Tracer‬‬

‫ﺳﻮﻑﻳﻮﺿﺢ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﺪﻳﻮ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺗﻨﺰﻳﻞ ﻭﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ ‪.Packet Tracer‬‬

‫‪31‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
Internet Connections
Video – Download and Install Packet Tracer
This video will demonstrate the download and install process of Packet Tracer.

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 31
 ‫ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬
‫ﻓﻴﺪﻳﻮ‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺒﺪء ﻓﻲ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ‪Cisco Packet Tracer‬‬
‫ﺳﻴﺘﻨﺎﻭﻝﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﺪﻳﻮ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‪:‬‬
‫• ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻘﻞ ﻋﺒﺮ ﻭﺍﺟﻬﺔ ‪Packet Tracer‬‬
‫• ﺗﺨﺼﻴﺺ ﻭﺍﺟﻬﺔ ‪Packet Tracer‬‬

‫‪32‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
Internet Connections
Video – Getting Started in Cisco Packet Tracer
This video will cover the following:
• Navigate the Packet Tracer interface
• Customize the Packet Tracer Interface

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 32
 ‫ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬
‫ﺗﻤﺜﻴﻞﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ – ‪Packet Tracer‬‬
‫ﻓﻲ‪ Packet tracer‬ﻫﺬﺍ ﺳﻮﻑ ﺗﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‪:‬‬
‫• ﻳﺘﻀﻤﻦﻧﻤﻮﺫﺝ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻁ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺳﺘﺘﻘﻨﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺩﺭﺍﺳﺎﺕ ‪ CCNA‬ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ‬
‫ﺑﻚ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﺔ‪:‬ﻟﻴﺲ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻢ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻔﻬﻢ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺮﺍﻩ ﻭﺗﻔﻌﻠﻪ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻨﺸﺎﻁ‪.‬‬

‫‪33‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
Internet Connections
Packet Tracer – Network Representation
In this Packet tracer you will do the following:
• The network model in this activity incorporates many of the technologies that you will
master in your CCNA studies.

Note: It is not important that you understand everything you see and do in this activity.

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 33
 ‫‪1.6‬ﺷﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﻣﻮﺛﻮﻗﺔ‬

‫‪34‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
1.6 Reliable Networks

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‫ﻫﻨﺪﺳﺔﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺸﻴﺮﻫﻨﺪﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺪﻋﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺘﻴﺔﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻨﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻋﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙﺃﺭﺑﻊ ﺧﺼﺎﺉﺺ ﺃﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻳﺠﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻴﺎﺕ‬

‫ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺘﻬﺎ ﻟﺘﻠﺒﻴﺔ ﺗﻮﻗﻌﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‪:‬‬

‫• ﺗﺤﻤﻞﺍﻟﺨﻄﺄ‬
‫• ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺔﺍﻟﺘﻮﺳﻊ‬
‫• ﺟﻮﺩﺓﺍﻟﺨﺪﻣﺔ )‪(QoS‬‬
‫• ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ‬

‫‪35‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
Reliable Network
Network Architecture
Network Architecture refers to the
technologies that support the infrastructure
that moves data across the network.
There are four basic characteristics that the
underlying architectures need to address to
meet user expectations:
• Fault Tolerance
• Scalability
• Quality of Service (QoS)
• Security

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 35
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‫ﺗﺤﻤﻞﺍﻟﺨﻄﺄ‬
‫ﺗﺤﺪﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ ﻟﻸﺧﻄﺎء ﻣﻦ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﺸﻞ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺧﻼﻝﺍﻟﺤﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺄﺛﺮﺓ‪ .‬ﻭﺗﺘﻄﻠﺐ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔﺍﻟﻤﻘﺎﻭﻣﺔ ﻟﻸﺧﻄﺎء ﻣﺴﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩﺓ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻮﻓﺮﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺛﻮﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ‬

‫ﺷﺒﻜﺔﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺍﻟﺤﺰﻡ‪:‬‬
‫• ﺗﻘﻮﻡﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ ﺗﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺍﻟﺤﺰﻡ ﺑﺘﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﺣﺮﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﻭﺭ‬
‫ﺇﻟﻰﺣﺰﻡ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻬﻬﺎ ﻋﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‪.‬‬
‫• ﻣﻦﺍﻟﻨﺎﺣﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻟﻜﻞ ﺣﺰﻣﺔ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺘﺨﺬ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺎﺭﺍًﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺎً ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻮﺟﻬﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﻫﺬﺍﻟﻴﺲ ﻣﻤﻜﻨﺎ ﻣﻊ ﺷﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺉﺮﻱ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲﺗﻨﺸﺊ ﺩﻭﺍﺉﺮ ﻣﺨﺼﺼﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪36‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
Reliable Network
Fault Tolerance
A fault tolerant network limits the impact of
a failure by limiting the number of affected
devices. Multiple paths are required for
fault tolerance.
Reliable networks provide redundancy by
implementing a packet switched network:
• Packet switching splits traffic into
packets that are routed over a network.
• Each packet could theoretically take a
different path to the destination.
This is not possible with circuit-switched
networks which establish dedicated
circuits.

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 36
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‫ﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺔﺍﻟﺘﻮﺳﻊ‬

‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦﻟﻠﺸﺒﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻮﺳﻊ ﺃﻥ ﺗﺘﻮﺳﻊ‬

‫ﺑﺴﺮﻋﺔﻭﺳﻬﻮﻟﺔ ﻟﺪﻋﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻴﻦ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕﺍﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

‫ﺃﺩﺍءﺍﻟﺨﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻟﻴﻴﻦ‪.‬‬
‫ﻳﺘﺒﻊﻣﺼﻤﻤﻮ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻳﻴﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺒﻮﻟﺔﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻻﺕﻣﻦ ﺃﺟﻞ ﺟﻌﻞ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔﻟﻠﺘﻮﺳﻊ‪.‬‬

‫‪37‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
Reliable Network
Scalability

A scalable network can expand

quickly and easily to support
new users and applications
without impacting the
performance of services to
existing users.
Network designers follow
accepted standards and
protocols in order to make the
networks scalable.

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 37
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‫ﺟﻮﺩﺓﺍﻟﺨﺪﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺘﻄﻠﺐﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﻧﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﺼﻮﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻴﺪﻳﻮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﺒﺎﺷﺮﺗﻮﻗﻌﺎﺕ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﻟﻠﺨﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺪﻣﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﻫﻞﺳﺒﻖ ﻟﻚ ﺃﻥ ﺷﺎﻫﺪﺕ ﻣﻘﻄﻊ ﻓﻴﺪﻳﻮ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﺍً ﺑﻪ‬

‫ﺍﻧﻘﻄﺎﻋﺎﺕﻭﺗﻮﻗﻔﺎﺕ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮﺓ؟ ﻳﺤﺪﺙ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬
‫ﻳﻜﻮﻥﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻃﻠﺐ ﺃﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﻄﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺩﺩﻱ ﻣﻤﺎ‬
‫ﻫﻮﻣﺘﺎﺡ ‪ -‬ﻭﻟﻢ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﻜﻮﻳﻦ ﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺨﺪﻣﺔ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺟﻮﺩﺓﺍﻟﺨﺪﻣﺔ )‪ (QoS‬ﻫﻲ ﺍﻵﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔﻟﻀﻤﺎﻥ ﺗﻘﺪﻳﻢ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﻮﻯ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺛﻮﻕﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻴﻦ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺑﻔﻀﻞﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺔ ﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺨﺪﻣﺔ )‪،(QoS‬‬

‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦﻟﺠﻬﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺟﻴﻪ ﺇﺩﺍﺭﺓ ﺗﺪﻓﻖ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬
‫ﻭﺣﺮﻛﺔﺍﻟﺼﻮﺕ ﺑﺴﻬﻮﻟﺔ ﺃﻛﺒﺮ‪.‬‬

‫‪38‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
Reliable Network
Quality of Service
Voice and live video transmissions
require higher expectations for those
services being delivered.

Have you ever watched a live video with

constant breaks and pauses? This is
caused when there is a higher demand
for bandwidth than available – and QoS
isn’t configured.

• Quality of Service (QoS) is the primary

mechanism used to ensure reliable
delivery of content for all users.

• With a QoS policy in place, the router

can more easily manage the flow of
data and voice traffic.

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 38
 ‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙﻧﻮﻋﺎﻥ ﺭﺉﻴﺴﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻜﺔﻣﻮﺛﻮﻗﺔ‬
‫ﻳﺠﺐﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺘﻬﻤﺎ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺃﻣﻦﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ‬
‫• ﺃﻣﻦﺍﻟﺒﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺘﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﺒﻜﺔ‬
‫• ﺍﻷﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻱ ﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‬
‫• ﻣﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺮﺡ ﺑﻪ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬

‫• ﺃﻣﻦﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬
‫• ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻘﻮﻟﺔ ﻋﺒﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‬

‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔﺃﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﻷﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‪:‬‬

‫• ﺍﻟﺴﺮﻳﺔ‪ -‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﻠﻤﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻘﺼﻮﺩﻳﻦﻗﺮﺍءﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬
‫• ﺍﻟﻨﺰﺍﻫﺔ– ﺿﻤﺎﻥ ﻋﺪﻡ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻞ‬

‫• ﺍﻟﺘﻮﻓﺮ– ﺿﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺐﻭﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻣﻮﺛﻮﻕ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺘﻤﺪﻳﻦ‬
‫‪39‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
Reliable Network There are two main types of network
Network Security security that must be addressed:
• Network infrastructure security
• Physical security of network devices
• Preventing unauthorized access to
the devices
• Information Security
• Protection of the information or data
transmitted over the network
Three goals of network security:
• Confidentiality – only intended
recipients can read the data
• Integrity – assurance that the data has
not be altered with during transmission
• Availability – assurance of timely and
reliable access to data for authorized
users
© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 39
 ‫‪1.7‬ﺍﺗﺠﺎﻫﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‬

‫‪40‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
1.7 Network Trends

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 40
 ‫ﺍﺗﺠﺎﻫﺎﺕﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻻﺗﺠﺎﻫﺎﺕﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺜﺔ‬
‫ﻳﺠﺐﺃﻥ ﻳﺘﻜﻴﻒ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ ﻭﻳﺘﺤﻮﻝ‬
‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﺣﺘﻰ ﺗﺘﻤﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﻛﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺎﺕﻭﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺉﻲ ﻣﻊ‬

‫ﻇﻬﻮﺭﻫﺎﺑﺎﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﻮﻕ‪.‬‬

‫ﻫﻨﺎﻙﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻻﺗﺠﺎﻫﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺠﺎﻝ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺆﺛﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻈﻤﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﻴﻦ‪:‬‬

‫• ﺃﺣﻀﺮﺟﻬﺎﺯﻙ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺹ )‪(BYOD‬‬

‫• ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻭﻥﻋﺒﺮ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬
‫• ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕﺍﻟﻔﻴﺪﻳﻮ‬
‫• ﺍﻟﺤﻮﺳﺒﺔﺍﻟﺴﺤﺎﺑﻴﺔ‬

‫‪41‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
Network Trends
Recent Trends
The role of the network must adjust
and continually transform in order to
be able to keep up with new
technologies and end user devices as
they constantly come to the market.
Several new networking trends that
effect organizations and consumers:
• Bring Your Own Device (BYOD)
• Online collaboration
• Video communications
• Cloud computing

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 41
 ‫ﺍﺗﺠﺎﻫﺎﺕﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‬
‫ﻳﺘﻴﺢﻣﺒﺪﺃ ﺇﺣﻀﺎﺭ ﺟﻬﺎﺯﻙ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺹ )‪(BYOD‬‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻴﻦﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺗﻬﻢ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ ﻣﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﺣﻀﺮﺟﻬﺎﺯﻙ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺹ‬
‫ﻳﻤﻨﺤﻬﻢﺍﻟﻤﺰﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﺹ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺮﻭﻧﺔ ﺍﻷﻛﺒﺮ‪.‬‬

‫ﻳﺘﻴﺢ‪ BYOD‬ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺉﻴﻴﻦ ﺣﺮﻳﺔ‬

‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡﺍﻷﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕﻭﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ‪:‬‬

‫ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓﺍﻟﻜﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻤﻮﻟﺔ‬ ‫•‬

‫ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓﺍﻟﻜﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻤﻮﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮﺓ‬ ‫•‬
‫ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓﺍﻟﻠﻮﺣﻴﺔ‬ ‫•‬
‫• ﺍﻟﻬﻮﺍﺗﻒﺍﻟﺬﻛﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻗﺎﺭﺉﺎﺕﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺔ‬ ‫•‬
‫‪.‬ﻳﻌﻨﻲﺃﻱ ﺟﻬﺎﺯ‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ ﺃﻱ ﻣﻠﻜﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺴُﺘﺨﺪﻡ‬
‫ﻓﻲﺃﻱ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ‪BYOD‬‬

‫‪42‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
Network Trends
Bring Your Own Device (BYOD)
Bring Your Own Device allows users to use their own devices
giving them more opportunities and
greater flexibility.
BYOD allows end users to have the
freedom to use personal tools to
access information and communicate
using their:
• Laptops
• Netbooks
• Tablets
• Smartphones
• E-readers
BYOD means any device, with any
ownership, used anywhere.

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 42
 ‫ﺍﺗﺠﺎﻫﺎﺕﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻭﻥﻋﺒﺮ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬
‫‪ -‬ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻭﻥﻭﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ ﻋﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻲﻣﺸﺎﺭﻳﻊ ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻛﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪ -‬ﺗﺘﻴﺢﺃﺩﻭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻭﻥ‪ ،‬ﺑﻤﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺫﻟﻚ ‪WebEx‬‬

‫‪) Cisco‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻮﺿﺢ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ(‪،‬‬
‫ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻴﻦﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻞ‬
‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞﻓﻮﺭﻱ‪.‬‬

‫‪ -‬ﻳﻌﺘﺒﺮﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻮﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻘﺼﻮﻯ‬

‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔﻟﻠﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﻭﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﻠﻴﻢ‪.‬‬

‫‪. -‬ﻫﻲﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﺗﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻮﻇﺎﺉﻒ‬

‫‪Cisco Webex Teams‬‬
‫• ﺇﺭﺳﺎﻝﺭﺳﺎﺉﻞ ﻓﻮﺭﻳﺔ‬
‫• ﻧﺸﺮﺍﻟﺼﻮﺭ‬
‫ﻧﺸﺮﻣﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﺪﻳﻮ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﻭﺍﺑﻂ‬ ‫•‬

‫‪43‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
Network Trends
Online Collaboration
 Collaborate and work with others
over the network on joint projects.

 Collaboration tools including Cisco

WebEx (shown in the figure) gives
users a way to instantly connect and
interact.

 Collaboration is a very high priority

for businesses and in education.

 Cisco Webex Teams is a

multifunctional collaboration tool.
• send instant messages
• post images
• post videos and links

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 43
 ‫ﺍﺗﺠﺎﻫﺎﺕﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞﻋﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﺪﻳﻮ‬
‫• ﻳﻤﻜﻦﺇﺟﺮﺍء ﻣﻜﺎﻟﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﺪﻳﻮ ﻷﻱ ﺷﺨﺺ‪ ،‬ﺑﻐﺾ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺗﻮﺍﺟﺪﻩ‪.‬‬
‫• ﻳﻌﺪﻣﺆﺗﻤﺮ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﺪﻳﻮ ﺃﺩﺍﺓ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻵﺧﺮﻳﻦ‪.‬‬
‫• ﻟﻘﺪﺃﺻﺒﺢ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﺪﻳﻮ ﺷﺮﻃﺎً ﺃﺳﺎﺳﻴﺎً ﻟﻠﺘﻌﺎﻭﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﺎﻝ‪.‬‬
‫• ﺗﻤُﻜﻦّﺗﻘﻨﻴﺔ ‪ Cisco TelePresence‬ﻣﻦ ﺗﻮﻓﻴﺮ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻟﻠﺠﻤﻴﻊ‪ ،‬ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﻛﻞﻣﻜﺎﻥ‪.‬‬

‫‪44‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
Network Trends
Video Communication
• Video calls are made to anyone, regardless of where they are located.

• Video conferencing is a powerful tool for communicating with others.

• Video is becoming a critical requirement for effective collaboration.

• Cisco TelePresence powers is one way of working where everyone,

everywhere.

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 44
 ‫ﺍﺗﺠﺎﻫﺎﺕﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‬
‫ﻓﻴﺪﻳﻮ– ‪Cisco WebEx for Huddles‬‬

‫‪45‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
Network Trends
Video – Cisco WebEx for Huddles

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 45
 ‫ﺍﺗﺠﺎﻫﺎﺕﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﻮﺳﺒﺔﺍﻟﺴﺤﺎﺑﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺗﺴﻤﺢﻟﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺤﻮﺳﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺤﺎﺑﻴﺔ ﺑﺘﺨﺰﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺨﺼﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻧﺴﺨﺔ ﺍﺣﺘﻴﺎﻃﻴﺔ ﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺗﻨﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﻮﺍﺩﻡ ﻋﺒﺮ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‪.‬‬
‫• ﻳﻤﻜﻦﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﺕ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﺤﺎﺑﺔ‪.‬‬
‫• ﻳﺘﻴﺢﻟﻠﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺴﻠﻴﻢ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺃﻱ ﺟﻬﺎﺯ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻱ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻟﻢ‪.‬‬

‫ﺃﺻﺒﺤﺖﺍﻟﺤﻮﺳﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺤﺎﺑﻴﺔ ﻣﻤﻜﻨﺔ ﺑﻔﻀﻞ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕﺍﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻻ ﺗﺴﺘﻄﻴﻊ ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﺗﻜﺎﻟﻴﻒ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺗﺴﺘﺄﺟﺮ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺩﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺨﺰﻳﻦ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺆﺳﺴﺎﺕ ﻣﺮﺍﻛﺰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕﺍﻷﻛﺒﺮ ﺣﺠﻤﺎً ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﺤﺎﺑﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪46‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
Network Trends
Cloud Computing
Cloud computing allows us to store personal files or backup our data on servers over the internet.
• Applications can also be accessed using the Cloud.
• Allows businesses to deliver to any device anywhere in the world.

Cloud computing is made possible by data centers.

• Smaller companies that can’t afford their own data centers, lease server and storage services from larger
data center organizations in the Cloud.

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 46
 ‫ﺍﺗﺠﺎﻫﺎﺕﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﻮﺳﺒﺔﺍﻟﺴﺤﺎﺑﻴﺔ )ﺗﺎﺑﻊ(‬
‫ﺃﺭﺑﻌﺔﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺤﺐ‪:‬‬
‫• ﺍﻟﺴﺤﺎﺑﺎﺕﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬
‫• ﻣﺘﺎﺡ ﻟﻠﻌﺎﻣﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﻧﻤﻮﺫﺝ ﺍﻟﺪﻓﻊ ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺃﻭ ﻣﺠﺎﻧﺎً‪.‬‬
‫• ﺍﻟﺴﺤﺎﺑﺎﺕﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ‬
‫• ﻣﺨﺼﺼﺔ ﻟﻤﻨﻈﻤﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻛﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﺤﺪﺩ ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﺤﻜﻮﻣﺔ‪.‬‬
‫• ﺍﻟﺴﺤﺐﺍﻟﻬﺠﻴﻨﺔ‬
‫• ﺗﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻮﻋﻴﻦ ﺃﻭ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﻟﺴﺤﺎﺑﺔ ‪ -‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﺟﺰء ﻣﺨﺼﺺ ﻭﺟﺰء ﻋﺎﻡ‪.‬‬
‫• ﻳﻈﻞ ﻛﻞ ﺟﺰء ﻛﺎﺉﻨﺎً ﻣﻤﻴﺰﺍً ﻭﻟﻜﻦ ﻛﻼﻫﻤﺎ ﻣﺘﺼﻼﻥ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻤﺎﺭﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫• ﺍﻟﺴﺤﺐﺍﻟﻤﺨﺼﺼﺔ‬
‫• ﺗﻢ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻤﻪ ﻟﺘﻠﺒﻴﺔ ﺍﺣﺘﻴﺎﺟﺎﺕ ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ‪ ،‬ﻣﺜﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻭﺳﺎﺉﻞ ﺍﻹﻋﻼﻡ‪.‬‬
‫• ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺃﻭ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪47‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
Network Trends
Cloud Computing (Cont.)
Four types of Clouds:
• Public Clouds
• Available to the general public through a pay-per-use model or for free.
• Private Clouds
• Intended for a specific organization or entity such as the government.
• Hybrid Clouds
• Made up of two or more Cloud types – for example, part custom and part public.
• Each part remains a distinctive object but both are connected using the same architecture.
• Custom Clouds
• Built to meet the needs of a specific industry, such as healthcare or media.
• Can be private or public.
© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 47
 ‫ﺍﺗﺠﺎﻫﺎﺕﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‬
‫ﺍﺗﺠﺎﻫﺎﺕﺍﻟﺘﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺰﻝ‬
‫• ﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮﺗﻘﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺰﻝ ﺍﻟﺬﻛﻲ ﺍﺗﺠﺎﻫﺎً ﻣﺘﺰﺍﻳﺪﺍً‬
‫ﻳﺴﻤﺢﺑﺪﻣﺞ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻣﻴﺔﻣﻤﺎ ﻳﺴﻤﺢ ﻟﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞ ﻣﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ‪.‬‬

‫• ﻗﺪﺗﻌﺮﻑ ﺍﻷﻓﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﻟﻄﻬﻲ‬

‫ﻭﺟﺒﺔﻃﻌﺎﻡ ﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺍﺻﻞﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻮﻳﻢ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺹ ﺑﻚ ﺑﺸﺄﻥ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖﺍﻟﻤﻘﺮﺭ ﻟﻌﻮﺩﺗﻚ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺰﻝ‪.‬‬

‫• ﻳﺘﻢﺣﺎﻟﻴﺎً ﺗﻄﻮﻳﺮ ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺰﻝ ﺍﻟﺬﻛﻲ‬

‫ﻟﺠﻤﻴﻊﺍﻟﻐﺮﻑ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺰﻝ‪.‬‬

‫‪48‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
Network Trends
Technology Trends in the Home
• Smart home technology is a
growing trend that allows
technology to be integrated into
every-day appliances which
allows them to interconnect with
other devices.
• Ovens might know what time to
cook a meal for you by
communicating with your calendar
on what time you are scheduled
to be home.
• Smart home technology is
currently being developed for all
rooms within a house.

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 48
 ‫• ﻳﻤﻜﻦﺃﻥ ﺗﺴﻤﺢ ﺷﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﺧﻄﻮﻁ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﺍﺗﺠﺎﻫﺎﺕﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻸﺟﻬﺰﺓﺑﺎﻻﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺑﺸﺒﻜﺔ ‪ LAN‬ﺣﻴﺚ‬ ‫ﺷﺒﻜﺎﺕﺧﻄﻮﻁ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺟﺪﻛﺒﻼﺕ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻼﺳﻠﻜﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺇﻥﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺧﻴﺎﺭﺍً ﻗﺎﺑﻼ ً‬
‫ﻟﻠﺘﻄﺒﻴﻖ‪.‬‬
‫• ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡﻣﺤﻮﻝ ﺧﻂ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻘﻴﺎﺳﻲ‪،‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻟﻸﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺑﺸﺒﻜﺔ‪ LAN‬ﺃﻳﻨﻤﺎ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻣﻨﻔﺬ‬
‫ﻛﻬﺮﺑﺎﺉﻲﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ‬
‫ﺇﺭﺳﺎﻝﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺮﺩﺩﺍﺕ‬
‫ﻣﻌﻴﻨﺔ‪.‬‬
‫• ﺗﻌﺘﺒﺮﺷﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﺧﻄﻮﻁ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻔﻴﺪﺓﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﺧﺎﺹ ﻋﻨﺪﻣﺎ‬
‫ﻧﻘﺎﻁﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻼﺳﻠﻜﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻻﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬
‫ﻓﻲﺍﻟﻤﻨﺰﻝ‪.‬‬

‫‪49‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
Network Trends • Powerline networking can
Powerline Networking allow devices to connect to a
LAN where data network
cables or wireless
communications are not a
viable option.
• Using a standard powerline
adapter, devices can connect
to the LAN wherever there is
an electrical outlet by
sending data on certain
frequencies.
• Powerline networking is
especially useful when
wireless access points
cannot reach all the devices
in the home.

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 49
 ‫ﺍﺗﺠﺎﻫﺎﺕﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻄﺎﻕﺍﻟﻌﺮﻳﺾ ﺍﻟﻼﺳﻠﻜﻲ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻹﺿﺎﻓﺔﺇﻟﻰ ﺧﻂ ‪ DSL‬ﻭﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻞ‪ ،‬ﻳﻌﺪ ﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻼﺳﻠﻜﻲﺧﻴﺎﺭﺍً ﺁﺧﺮ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻟﺘﻮﺻﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺎﺯﻝ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕﺍﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮﺓ ﺑﺎﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‪.‬‬
‫• ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﻣﻮﻓﺮ ﺧﺪﻣﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﻼﺳﻠﻜﻲ )‪ (WISP‬ﺑﺸﻜﻞ‬
‫ﺃﻛﺜﺮﺷﻴﻮﻋﺎً ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺉﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﻳﻔﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻫﻮ ﻣﻮﻓﺮ ﺧﺪﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺇﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖﻳﺮﺑﻂ ﺍﻟﻤﺸﺘﺮﻛﻴﻦ ﺑﻨﻘﺎﻁ ﻭﺻﻮﻝ ﺃﻭ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ‬
‫ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝﻣﺤﺪﺩﺓ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺍﻟﻨﻄﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﻳﺾ ﺍﻟﻼﺳﻠﻜﻲ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺤﻞ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺰﻝ‬

‫ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕﺍﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮﺓ‪.‬‬
‫• ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﺗﻒ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻮﻱ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻬﺎﺗﻒﺍﻟﺬﻛﻲ‪.‬‬
‫• ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺐ ﻫﻮﺍﺉﻲ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺰﻝ ﻟﺘﻮﻓﻴﺮ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ‬
‫ﻻﺳﻠﻜﻲﺃﻭ ﺳﻠﻜﻲ ﻟﻸﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺰﻝ‪.‬‬

‫‪50‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
Network Trends
Wireless Broadband
In addition to DSL and cable, wireless is
another option used to connect homes
and small businesses to the internet.
• More commonly found in rural
environments, a Wireless Internet Service
Provider (WISP) is an ISP that connects
subscribers to designated access points or
hotspots.
• Wireless broadband is another solution for
the home and small businesses.
• Uses the same cellular technology used by a
smart phone.
• An antenna is installed outside the house
providing wireless or wired connectivity for
devices in the home.

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 50
 ‫‪1.8‬ﺃﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‬

‫‪51‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
1.8 Network Security

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 51
 ‫ﺃﻣﻦﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ‬
‫• ﻳﻌﺪﺃﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ ﺟﺰءﺍً ﻻ ﻳﺘﺠﺰﺃ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺪﻳﺪﺍﺕﺍﻷﻣﻨﻴﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕﺑﻐﺾ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮ ﻋﻦ ﺣﺠﻢ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‪.‬‬

‫• ﻳﺠﺐﺃﻥ ﻳﺄﺧﺬ ﺃﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﺘﻢ‬

‫ﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬﻩﻓﻲ ﺍﻻﻋﺘﺒﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺉﺔ ﺃﺛﻨﺎء ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‪،‬ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﺴﻤﺎﺡ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‬
‫ﺑﺠﻮﺩﺓﺍﻟﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﻗﻌﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‪.‬‬

‫• ﻳﺘﻄﻠﺐﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻻﺕﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻷﺩﻭﺍﺕﻭﺍﻷﺳﺎﻟﻴﺐ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺟﻞ ﺗﺄﻣﻴﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕﻭﺍﻟﺘﺨﻔﻴﻒ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺪﻳﺪﺍﺕ‪.‬‬

‫• ﻗﺪﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﺘﺠﻬﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺪﻳﺪ ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ‬

‫ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪52‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
Network Security
Security Threats • Network security is an integral
part of networking regardless of
the size of the network.
• The network security that is
implemented must take into
account the environment while
securing the data, but still
allowing for quality of service that
is expected of the network.
• Securing a network involves
many protocols, technologies,
devices, tools, and techniques in
order to secure data and mitigate
threats.
• Threat vectors might be external
or internal.
© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 52
 ‫ﺃﻣﻦﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺪﻳﺪﺍﺕﺍﻟﺨﺎﺭﺟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺪﻳﺪﺍﺕﺍﻷﻣﻨﻴﺔ )ﺗﺎﺑﻊ(‬
‫• ﺍﻟﻔﻴﺮﻭﺳﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﻳﺪﺍﻥ ﻭﺃﺣﺼﻨﺔ‬
‫ﻃﺮﻭﺍﺩﺓ‬
‫• ﺑﺮﺍﻣﺞ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺴﺲ ﻭﺍﻹﻋﻼﻧﺎﺕ‬
‫• ﻫﺠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻴﻮﻡ ﺻﻔﺮ‬
‫• ﻫﺠﻤﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﺎﻋﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﺪﺩﺓ‬

‫• ﻫﺠﻤﺎﺕ ﺭﻓﺾ ﺍﻟﺨﺪﻣﺔ‬

‫• ﺍﻋﺘﺮﺍﺽ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻭﺳﺮﻗﺘﻬﺎ‬
‫• ﺳﺮﻗﺔ ﺍﻟﻬﻮﻳﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺪﻳﺪﺍﺕﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫• ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻔﻘﻮﺩﺓ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺮﻭﻗﺔ‬
‫• ﺳﻮء ﺍﻻﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺿﻲ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻇﻔﻴﻦ‬
‫• ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻇﻔﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻀﺎﺭﻳﻦ‬
‫‪53‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
Network Security
External Threats:
Security Threats (Cont.)
• Viruses, worms, and Trojan
horses
• Spyware and adware
• Zero-day attacks
• Threat Actor attacks
• Denial of service attacks
• Data interception and theft
• Identity theft

Internal Threats:
• lost or stolen devices
• accidental misuse by employees
• malicious employees
© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 53
 ‫ﺃﻣﻦﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﻠﻮﻝﺍﻷﻣﻨﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻳﺠﺐﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬ ﺍﻷﻣﺎﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻃﺒﻘﺎﺕ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩﺓ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺃﻛﺜﺮ‬
‫ﻣﻦﺣﻞ ﺃﻣﻨﻲ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻣﻜﻮﻧﺎﺕﺃﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﺒﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺰﻟﻴﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺼﻐﻴﺮﺓ‪:‬‬
‫• ﻳﺠﺐ ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻣﺞ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﺮﻭﺳﺎﺕ ﻭﺑﺮﺍﻣﺞ‬
‫ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺤﺔﺍﻟﺘﺠﺴﺲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻓﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫• ﺗﺼﻔﻴﺔ ﺟﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﺔ ﻟﻤﻨﻊ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺼﺮﺡ ﺑﻪ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪54‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
Network Security
Security Solutions
Security must be implemented in multiple
layers using more than one security solution.
Network security components for home or
small office network:
• Antivirus and antispyware software
should be installed on end devices.
• Firewall filtering used to block
unauthorized access to the network.

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 54
 ‫ﺃﻣﻦﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺤﻠﻮﻝﺍﻷﻣﻨﻴﺔ )ﺗﺎﺑﻊ(‬

‫ﺗﺘﻄﻠﺐﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻛﺒﺮ ﺣﺠﻤﺎً ﻣﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﺃﻣﻨﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺇﺿﺎﻓﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫• ﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺟﺪﺍﺭ ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺨﺼﺺ‬
‫• ﻗﻮﺍﺉﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ )‪(ACL‬‬
‫• ﺃﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﻣﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﻔﻞ )‪(IPS‬‬
‫• ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ ﺍﻻﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿﻴﺔ )‪(VPN‬‬
‫ﺗﺒﺪﺃﺩﺭﺍﺳﺔ ﺃﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﺑﻔﻬﻢ ﻭﺍﺿﺢ ﻟﻠﺒﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻠﺘﺒﺪﻳﻞﻭﺍﻟﺘﻮﺟﻴﻪ‪.‬‬

‫‪55‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
Network Security
Security Solutions (Cont.)

Larger networks have additional security

requirements:
• Dedicated firewall system
• Access control lists (ACL)
• Intrusion prevention systems (IPS)
• Virtual private networks (VPN)
The study of network security starts with a clear
understanding of the underlying switching and
routing infrastructure.

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 55
 ‫‪1.9‬ﻣﺘﺨﺼﺺ ﺗﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬

‫‪56‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
1.9 The IT Professional

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 56
 ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﺮﻑﻓﻲ ﻣﺠﺎﻝ ﺗﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺷﻬﺎﺩﺓ (‪Network Associate )CCNA‬‬
‫‪:Cisco Certified‬‬ ‫ﺷﻬﺎﺩﺓ‪CCNA‬‬

‫• ﻳﺜﺒﺖ ﺃﻥ ﻟﺪﻳﻚ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ‬

‫• ﻳﻀﻤﻦ ﻟﻚ ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺎء ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻃﻼﻉ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻬﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻣﺔ ﻟﺘﺒﻨﻲ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺠﻴﻞﺍﻟﻘﺎﺩﻡ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻛﻴﺰﺍﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪ ﻓﻲ ‪ CCNA‬ﻫﻮ‪:‬‬
‫• ﺃﺳﺎﺳﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻜﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻜﺮﻳﺔ ﻭﻣﻮﺍﺿﻴﻊ ﺍﻷﻣﻦ‬
‫• ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻼﺳﻠﻜﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻻﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻷﺗﻤﺘﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﺇﻣﻜﺎﻧﻴﺔﺑﺮﻣﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫ﺷﻬﺎﺩﺍﺕ‪ DevNet‬ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺓ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺴﺘﻮﻯ ﺍﻟﺰﻣﺎﻟﺔ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺘﺨﺼﺺﻭﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﺮﻑ‪ ،‬ﻟﻠﺘﺤﻘﻖ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺗﻚ‬
‫ﻓﻲﺗﻄﻮﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﺍﻣﺞ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﺆﻛﺪﺍﻟﺸﻬﺎﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺨﺼﺼﺔ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺍﺗﻚ ﺑﻤﺎ ﻳﺘﻤﺎﺷﻰ ﻣﻊ‬

‫ﺩﻭﺭﻙﺍﻟﻮﻇﻴﻔﻲ ﻭﺍﻫﺘﻤﺎﻣﺎﺗﻚ‪.‬‬

‫‪57‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
The IT Professional
The Cisco Certified Network Associate
CCNA (CCNA) certification:
• demonstrates that you have a knowledge of
foundational technologies
• ensures you stay relevant with skills needed
for the adoption of next-generation
technologies.
The new CCNA focus:
• IP foundation and security topics
• Wireless, virtualization, automation, and
network programmability.
New DevNet certifications at the
associate, specialist and professional
levels, to validate your software
development skills.
Specialist certification validate your skills
in line with your job role and interests.

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 57
 ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﺮﻑﻓﻲ ﻣﺠﺎﻝ ﺗﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬

‫ﻭﻇﺎﺉﻒﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ‬

‫ﻓﻲ‪ [Link]‬ﺑﺈﻣﻜﺎﻧﻚ ﺍﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

‫ﻗﺎﺉﻤﺔﺍﻟﻤﻬﻦ ﺛﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻓﺮﺹ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ‪.‬‬

‫• ﺍﺑﺤﺚﻋﻦ ﻓﺮﺹ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﻣﺤﺮﻙ‬

‫ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻘﺔﺍﻟﻤﻮﺍﻫﺐ ‪.Talent Bridge‬‬

‫• ﺍﺑﺤﺚﻋﻦ ﻭﻇﺎﺉﻒ ﻣﻊ ﺷﺮﻛﺔ ‪ Cisco‬ﻭﺷﺮﻛﺎء‬

‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻮﺯﻋﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻳﺒﺤﺜﻮﻥ ﻋﻦ ﻃﻼﺏ‬
‫ﻭﺧﺮﻳﺠﻲ‪.Cisco Networking Academy‬‬

‫‪58‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
The IT Professional
Networking Jobs

At [Link] you can click the

Careers menu and then select Employment
opportunities.
• Find employment opportunities by
using the Talent Bridge Matching
Engine.
• Search for jobs with Cisco, Cisco
partners and distributors seeking
Cisco Networking Academy students
and alumni.

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 58
 ‫ﺍﻟﻤﺤﺘﺮﻑﻓﻲ ﻣﺠﺎﻝ ﺗﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺮ– ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ ﻋﻦ ﻓﺮﺹ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺠﺎﻝ ﺗﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ‬

‫ﻓﻲﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﺒﺮ‪ ،‬ﺳﻮﻑ ﺗﻘﻮﻡ ﺑﺈﻛﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻷﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬

‫• ﻓﺮﺹﻋﻤﻞ ﺑﺤﺜﻴﺔ‬
‫• ﺍﻟﺘﻔﻜﻴﺮﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬

‫‪59‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
The IT Professional
Lab – Researching IT and Networking Job Opportunities

In this lab, you will complete the following objectives:

• Research Job Opportunities
• Reflect on Research

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 59
 ‫‪1.10‬ﻭﺣﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﺪﺭﻳﺐ ﻭﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ‬

‫‪60‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
1.10 Module Practice and
Quiz

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 60
 ‫ﺗﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ ﻭﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ‬
‫ﻣﺎﺫﺍﺗﻌﻠﻤﺖ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ؟‬
‫• ﻣﻦ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺃﺻﺒﺤﻨﺎ ﻣﺘﺼﻠﻴﻦ ﺑﺒﻌﻀﻨﺎ ﺍﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺴﺒﻖ ﻟﻪ ﻣﺜﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺒﻞ‪.‬‬

‫• ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺼﻨﻴﻒ ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺃﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﻤﺒﻴﻮﺗﺮ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺼﻠﺔ ﺑﺎﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺸﺎﺭﻙ ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔﻛﻤﻀﻴﻔﻴﻦ‪.‬‬
‫• ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎً ﻣﺎ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﻣﺨﻄﻄﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﺭﻣﻮﺯﺍً ﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﻭﺍﻻﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺸﻜﻞ‬
‫ﺷﺒﻜﺔ‪.‬‬
‫• ﻳﻮﻓﺮ ﺍﻟﺮﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺘﺨﻄﻴﻄﻲ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺳﻬﻠﺔ ﻟﻔﻬﻢ ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻝ ﺍﻷﺟﻬﺰﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ﻛﺒﻴﺮﺓ‪.‬‬
‫• ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﻧﻮﻋﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺤﺘﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﺒﻜﺔ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ )‪ ،(LANs‬ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺳﻌﺔ )‪.(WANs‬‬

‫• ﺗﺸﻤﻞ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ‪ SOHO‬ﺍﻟﻜﺎﺑﻞ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪ ،DSL‬ﻭﺍﻟﻬﺎﺗﻒ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻮﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻷﻗﻤﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﻬﺎﺗﻒ ﺍﻟﻬﺎﺗﻔﻲ‪.‬‬
‫• ﺗﺘﻀﻤﻦ ﺍﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻳﺔ ﺧﻄﺎً ﻣﺴﺘﺄﺟﺮﺍً ﻣﺨﺼﺼﺎً‪ ،‬ﻭ‪ ،Metro Ethernet‬ﻭ‪ DSL‬ﻟﻸﻋﻤﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻷﻗﻤﺎﺭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

‫‪61‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
Module Practice and Quiz
What did I learn in this module?
• Through the use of networks, we are connected like never before.
• All computers that are connected to a network and participate directly in network
communication are classified as hosts.
• Diagrams of networks often use symbols to represent the different devices and
connections that make up a network.
• A diagram provides an easy way to understand how devices connect in a large network.
• The two types of network infrastructures are Local Area Networks (LANs), and Wide Area
Networks (WANs).
• SOHO internet connections include cable, DSL, Cellular, Satellite, and Dial-up telephone.
• Business internet connections include Dedicated Leased Line, Metro Ethernet, Business
DSL, and Satellite.

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 61
 ‫ﺗﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ ﻭﺍﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎﺭ‬
‫ﻣﺎﺫﺍﺗﻌﻠﻤﺖ ﻓﻲ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ؟ )ﺗﺎﺑﻊ(‬
‫• ﻳﺸﻴﺮ ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺢ ﻫﻨﺪﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺪﻋﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻮﺍﻋﺪ ﺃﻭ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻭﺗﻮﻛﻮﻻﺕﺍﻟﻤﺒﺮﻣﺠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻨﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﻋﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‪.‬‬
‫• ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺃﺭﺑﻊ ﺧﺼﺎﺉﺺ ﺃﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ ﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺘﺴﺎﻣﺢ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻷﺧﻄﺎء‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﺎﺑﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺳﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺨﺪﻣﺔ )‪(QoS‬‬
‫‪،‬ﻭﺍﻷﻣﺎﻥ‪.‬‬
‫• ﺍﺗﺠﺎﻫﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺤﺪﻳﺜﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺆﺛﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺳﺴﺎﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻬﻠﻜﻴﻦ‪ :‬ﺇﺣﻀﺎﺭ ﺟﻬﺎﺯﻙ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺹ )‪ ،(BYOD‬ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻭﻥ‬
‫ﻋﺒﺮﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﺪﻳﻮ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﻟﺤﻮﺳﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺤﺎﺑﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫• ﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺘﻬﺪﻳﺪﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺭﺟﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺎﺉﻌﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ‪.‬‬
‫• ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﻛﺒﺮ ﺣﺠﻤﺎً ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺆﺳﺴﻴﺔ ﺑﺮﺍﻣﺞ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﺮﻭﺳﺎﺕ ﻭﺑﺮﺍﻣﺞ ﻣﻜﺎﻓﺤﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺴﺲ‬
‫ﻭﺗﺼﻔﻴﺔﺟﺪﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻜﻨﻬﺎ ﺗﺘﻄﻠﺐ ﺃﻳﻀﺎً ﻣﺘﻄﻠﺒﺎﺕ ﺃﻣﺎﻥ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ‪ :‬ﺃﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﺟﺪﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺼﺼﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻗﻮﺍﺉﻢ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﺤﻜﻢﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻮﻝ )‪ ،(ACL‬ﻭﺃﻧﻈﻤﺔ ﻣﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﻔﻞ )‪ ،(IPS‬ﻭﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ ﺍﻻﻓﺘﺮﺍﺿﻴﺔ )‪(VPN‬‬
‫• ﺗﺜﺒﺖ ﺷﻬﺎﺩﺓ (‪ Cisco Certified Network Associate )CCNA‬ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺘﻚ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﻘﻨﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻷﺳﺎﺳﻴﺔ‪.‬‬

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Module Practice and Quiz
What did I learn in this module? (Cont.)
• Network architecture refers to the technologies that support the infrastructure and the
programmed services and rules, or protocols, that move data across the network.
• There are four basic characteristics of network architecture: Fault Tolerance, Scalability,
Quality of Service (QoS), and Security.
• Recent networking trends that affect organizations and consumers: Bring Your Own Device
(BYOD), online collaboration, video communications, and cloud computing.
• There are several common external and internal threats to networks.
• Larger networks and corporate networks use antivirus, antispyware, and firewall filtering, but
they also have other security requirements: Dedicated firewall systems, Access control lists
(ACL), Intrusion prevention systems (IPS), and Virtual private networks (VPN)
• The Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA) certification demonstrates your knowledge of
foundational technologies.

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 62
 ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺣﺪﺓ‪1‬‬

‫ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕﻭﺃﻭﺍﻣﺮ ﺟﺪﻳﺪﺓ‬
‫• ﻋﺮﺽ ﺍﻟﻨﻄﺎﻕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺩﺩﻱ ﻟﻠﺸﺒﻜﺔ‬ ‫• ﻣﺨﻄﻂ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺑﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﻴﺔ‬ ‫• ﻣﺸﺎﺭﻛﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻔﺎﺕ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ‬
‫• ﺃﺣﻀﺮ ﺟﻬﺎﺯﻙ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺹ )‪(BYOD‬‬ ‫• ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺤﻠﻴﺔ )‪(LAN‬‬ ‫• ﻣﻜﺘﺐ ﺻﻐﻴﺮ‪/‬ﻣﻜﺘﺐ ﻣﻨﺰﻟﻲ ﺃﻭ‬
‫• ﺗﻌﺎﻭﻥ‬ ‫• ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺳﻌﺔ )‪(WAN‬‬ ‫‪SOHO‬‬
‫• ﺍﻟﺤﻮﺳﺒﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﺤﺎﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫• ﺇﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ‬ ‫• ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻄﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻛﺒﻴﺮﺓ‬
‫• ﺍﻟﺴﺤﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫• ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺮﺍﻧﺖ‬ ‫• ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺩﻡ‬
‫• ﺍﻟﺴﺤﺐ ﺍﻟﻬﺠﻴﻨﺔ‬ ‫• ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ﺇﻛﺴﺘﺮﺍﻧﺖ‬ ‫• ﻋﻤﻴﻞ‬
‫• ﺍﻟﺴﺤﺎﺑﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫• ﻣﺰﻭﺩ ﺧﺪﻣﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ )‪(ISP‬‬ ‫• ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ‬
‫• ﺍﻟﺴﺤﺐ ﺍﻟﻤﺨﺼﺼﺔ‬ ‫• ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻘﺎﺭﺑﺔ‬ ‫• ﺍﻟﺠﻬﺎﺯ ﺍﻟﻨﻬﺎﺉﻲ‬
‫• ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎﺕ‬ ‫• ﻫﻨﺪﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‬ ‫• ﺟﻬﺎﺯ ﻭﺳﻴﻂ‬
‫• ﺗﻘﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺰﻝ ﺍﻟﺬﻛﻲ‬ ‫• ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ﻣﺘﺴﺎﻣﺤﺔ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻷﺧﻄﺎء‬ ‫• ﻭﺍﺳﻄﺔ‬
‫• ﺷﺒﻜﺎﺕ ﺧﻄﻮﻁ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻗﺔ‬ ‫• ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﺤﺰﻡ‬ ‫• ﺑﻄﺎﻗﺔ ﻭﺍﺟﻬﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ )‪(NIC‬‬
‫• ﻣﺰﻭﺩ ﺧﺪﻣﺔ ﺍﻹﻧﺘﺮﻧﺖ ﺍﻟﻼﺳﻠﻜﻲ‬ ‫• ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺒﺪﻳﻞ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺉﺮﻱ‬ ‫• ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻔﺬ ﺍﻟﻤﺎﺩﻱ‬
‫)‪(WISP‬‬ ‫• ﺷﺒﻜﺔ ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻠﺘﻄﻮﻳﺮ‬ ‫• ﻭﺍﺟﻬﺔ‬
‫• ﻫﻨﺪﺳﺔ ﺍﻟﺸﺒﻜﺔ‬ ‫• ﺟﻮﺩﺓ ﺍﻟﺨﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫• ﻣﺨﻄﻂ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﺑﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎ ﺍﻟﻔﻴﺰﻳﺎﺉﻴﺔ‬

‫‪63‬‬ ‫‪ Cisco‬ﻭ‪/‬ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﺸﺮﻛﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﺟﻤﻴﻊ ﺍﻟﺤﻘﻮﻕ ﻣﺤﻔﻮﻇﺔ‪ .‬ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎﺕ ﺳﺮﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ ‪© 2016 Cisco‬‬
Module 1
New Terms and Commands
• Peer-to-Peer File Sharing • Logical topology diagram • Network bandwidth
• Small Office/Home Office or • Local Area Network (LAN) • Bring Your Own Device (BYOD)
SOHO • Wide Area Network (WAN) • Collaboration
• Medium to large network • Internet • Cloud computing
• Server • Intranet • Private clouds
• Client • Extranet • Hybrid clouds
• Peer-to-Peer network • Internet Service Provider (ISP) • Public clouds
• End device • Converged networks • Custom clouds
• Intermediary device • Network architecture • Data center
• Medium • Fault tolerant network • Smart home technology
• Network Interface Card (NIC) • Packet-switched network • Powerline networking
• Physical Port • Circuit-switched network • Wireless Internet Service
• Interface • Scalable network Provider (WISP)
• Physical topology diagram • Quality of Service (Qos) • Network architecture

© 2016 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 63