Environmental Studies and E-Waste Management - BCS508
Module 3: Environmental Pollution: Environmental Pollution: Water Pollution, Noise
pollution, Air pollution (Sources, Impacts, Preventive measures and Public Health Aspects.
Self-Study Component (SSC): Case studies of air pollution episodes.
1. Which of the following is not a type of environmental pollution?
a) Air b) Water c) Noise d) Photosynthetic
Ans: d
2. Which pollution directly affects the human respiratory system?
a) Air b) Water c) Noise d) Soil
Ans: a
3. Major sources of environmental pollution are —
a) Industries b) Urbanization c) Automobiles d) All of the above
Ans: d
4. The term “pollutant” refers to —
a) Any substance that harms environment quality
b) Any harmless natural substance
c) A beneficial nutrient
d) An inert element
Ans: a
5. Which of the following statements is true?
a) Pollution can be only natural b) Pollution is always beneficial
c) Pollution can be natural or anthropogenic d) None of these
Ans: c
6. Which is the most widespread pollution today?
a) Air b) Water c) Noise d) Land
Ans: a
7. Which pollution is hardest to confine to one area?
a) Water b) Air c) Noise d) Solid-waste
Ans: b
8. Noise pollution is measured in —
a) Hz b) dB c) ppm d) µg/m³
Ans: b
9. Which is a secondary pollutant?
a) SO₂ b) CO c) O₃ d) NO
Ans: c
10. Which Act regulates environmental pollution in India?
a) Water Act 1974 b) Air Act 1981 c) Environment (Protection) Act 1986 d) EPA 2000
Ans: c
11. Main sources of air pollution are —
a) Industries b) Vehicles c) Thermal plants d) All of these
Ans: d
12. Primary air pollutants include —
a) CO b) SO₂ c) NOx d) All of these
Ans: d
13. Photochemical smog is formed by reaction of —
a) SO₂ and CO b) NOx and HC under sunlight c) CO₂ and O₂ d) Dust and water vapour
Ans: b
14. Most common greenhouse gas —
a) CO₂ b) CO c) O₃ d) SO₂
Ans: a
15. Acid rain is caused by —
a) CO₂ and CO b) SO₂ and NOx c) O₃ and N₂ d) CFCs and CO₂
Ans: b
16. Ozone-layer depletion is caused by —
a) CFCs b) CO₂ c) SO₂ d) CO
Ans: a
17. Carbon monoxide causes —
a) Blood cancer b) Carboxyhaemoglobin formation c) Asthma d) Itai-Itai disease
Ans: b
18. Air Quality Index (AQI) represents —
a) Noise levels b) Soil fertility c) Air pollution status d) Water hardness
Ans: c
19. Particulate matter (PM 2.5) is dangerous because —
a) Settles quickly b) Penetrates deep into lungs c) Harmless d) Visible dust
Ans: b
20. Device to reduce vehicular emission —
a) Chimney b) Catalytic converter c) Air filter d) Ventilator
Ans: b
21. Historic air pollution episode —
a) London Smog 1952 b) Chernobyl c) Bhopal gas d) Minamata
Ans: a
22. Inhalation of silica dust causes —
a) Asbestosis b) Silicosis c) Emphysema d) Asthma
Ans: b
23. Green belts help by —
a) Absorbing dust/pollutants b) Reducing noise c) Providing shade d) All of these
Ans: d
24. Device for removing particulates from gas streams —
a) Cyclone separator b) Electrostatic precipitator c) Scrubber d) All of these
Ans: d
25. Public-health effect of air pollution —
a) Asthma b) Lung cancer c) Bronchitis d) All of these
Ans: d
26. Main cause of water pollution —
a) Fertilizers b) Industrial effluents c) Sewage d) All of these
Ans: d
27. Indicator organism of water pollution —
a) E. coli b) Plasmodium c) Salmonella d) Vibrio
Ans: a
28. BOD means —
a) Biological Oxygen Demand b) Biochemical Oxygen Demand c) Basic Oxide Demand
d) Biochemical Oxide Determination
Ans: b
29. High BOD value indicates —
a) Clean water b) Low organic matter c) High pollution d) Alkaline water
Ans: c
30. Eutrophication is due to —
a) Heavy metals b) Nutrients (N & P) c) Acids d) Oil spills
Ans: b
31. Fluoride in water causes —
a) Malaria b) Fluorosis c) Typhoid d) Cholera
Ans: b
32. Blue baby syndrome is caused by —
a) Lead b) Arsenic c) Nitrates d) Mercury
Ans: c
33. Thermal pollution originates from —
a) Power plants b) Household waste c) Mines d) Agriculture
Ans: a
34. Minamata disease is caused by —
a) Lead b) Mercury c) Cadmium d) Fluoride
Ans: b
35. Itai-Itai disease is due to —
a) Cadmium b) Mercury c) Lead d) Fluoride
Ans: a
36. Control measure for water pollution —
a) Sewage treatment b) Deforestation c) Fertilizer use d) Ground recharge
Ans: a
37. Pathogen removal process in water treatment —
a) Filtration b) Coagulation c) Chlorination d) Sedimentation
Ans: c
38. Water-borne disease —
a) Cholera b) Asthma c) Arthritis d) Anaemia
Ans: a
39. Water-induced disease —
a) Malaria b) Typhoid c) Cholera d) Dengue
Ans: a
40. Public-health aspect of water pollution —
a) Spread of epidemic b) Enhanced agriculture c) Fish growth d) Rainfall increase
Ans: a
41. Major sources of noise pollution —
a) Vehicles b) Industries c) Aircraft d) All of these
Ans: d
42. Noise level unit —
a) Pascal b) dB c) ppm d) Joule
Ans: b
43. Permissible residential day-time noise level —
a) 45 dB b) 55 dB c) 65 dB d) 75 dB
Ans: b
44. Noise above 85 dB causes —
a) Hearing loss b) Fluorosis c) Typhoid d) Eutrophication
Ans: a
45. Noise pollution affects —
a) Sleep b) Mental health c) Concentration d) All of these
Ans: d
46. Control of noise pollution by —
a) Acoustic insulation b) Tree barriers c) Zoning d) All of these
Ans: d
47. Temporary, non-accumulative pollution type —
a) Noise b) Air c) Water d) Soil
Ans: a
48. Instrument to measure noise —
a) Sound Level Meter b) Barometer c) Anemometer d) Thermometer
Ans: a
49. Public-health impact of noise —
a) Stress b) Hypertension c) Anxiety d) All of these
Ans: d
50. Silent zones declared near —
a) Markets b) Hospitals & Schools c) Factories d) Rail stations
Ans: b
51. Air-pollution episode in India —
a) Bhopal Gas Tragedy b) Chernobyl c) London Smog d) Minamata
Ans: a
52. Toxic gas in Bhopal disaster —
a) MIC b) CO c) SO₂ d) NO₂
Ans: a
53. Delhi smog due to —
a) Vehicular emission + crop burning b) Volcano c) Dust storm d) Forest fire
Ans: a
54. Agency monitoring air/water quality in India —
a) CPCB b) WHO c) NABARD d) UNICEF
Ans: a
55. Pollution can be minimized by —
a) Clean technologies b) Neglecting waste c) Deforestation d) Over-mining
Ans: a
56. Public participation promoted through —
a) Environmental awareness programs b) Industrial wastes c) Silence d) None
Ans: a
57. “3 R” principle stands for —
a) Recycle-Reuse-Reduce b) Remove-Refill-Restore c) Read-Recall-Rewrite d) Reuse-
Refine-Refit
Ans: a
58. Air pollution legislation in India —
a) Air Act 1981 b) Water Act 1974 c) Forest Act 1980 d) Noise Act 1986
Ans: a
59. Water pollution legislation —
a) Water Act 1974 b) Air Act 1981 c) Forest Act 1980 d) Wildlife Act 1972
Ans: a
60. Global initiative for air pollution control —
a) Kyoto Protocol b) Paris Agreement 2015 c) Rio Summit 1992 d) All of these
Ans: d