EXPLORING TEXTS
EXPLORING TEXTS
REFLECTING
REFLECTING
DIFFERENT CUL
DIFFERENT CULTURE
TURE
LESSON 4
LESSON 4
LIANNE CANA
LIANNE CANA ARJAY CANDELARIO
ARJAY CANDELARIO RACHEL CARZON
RACHEL CARZON
ONE CAUSE OF MISCOMMUNICATION IS
PRONUNCIATION.
SPEAKERS OF DIFFERENT VARIETIES OF ENGLISH
HAVE DIFFERENT WAYS OF PRONOUNCING WORDS.
THIS IS BECAUSE OF DIFFERENCES IN PHONOLOGY.
KACHRU & .NELSON (2006) CLAIMED THAT IN
TERMS OF PRONUNCIATION, MOST OUTER- AND
EXPANDING-CIRCLE VARIETIES DISPLAY
DIFFERENCES FROM THE INNER-CIRCLE
VARIETIES, SIMILAR TO THOSE FOUND BETWEEN
REGIONAL DIALECTS WITHIN THE INNER-CIRCLE
VARIETIES.
Different countries speak English in
different ways. For instance, Singaporean,
Malaysian, and Filipino speakers often
simplify word endings like saying:
“lef” “left”
“hit it” ‘heat it”
Filipinos usually pronounce every vowel clearly
and say words as they are written, making
Philippine English syllable timed. Americans,
however, often blend or shorten syllables,
making their English stress timed.
Examples:
Gotcha! means Got you!
Whatche say? means What did she say?
Wherd yu go? means Where did you go?
Ja hitit? means Did you hit it?
Can I getche adrink? means Can I get you a
drink?
Aside from pronunciation, cultural
barriers can also cause
miscommunication. For example, a
thumbs-up means approval in the
Philippines but is rude in some Middle
Eastern or European countries. The OK
sign means “okay” in Western cultures,
but in Japan it means “money,” and in
some Arab countries, it’s offensive.
Therefore, we should be mindful of both
language and cultural differences to
communicate clearly and respectfully.
FO RM AL &
IN ORM A
FnguageL
La
In the previous lesson, you also studied language
register, which refers to the formality and
informality of the language that one speaks. As it
is, different registers are used in different
situations. with the listeners/readers will
determine if you are to use formal or Your purpose
for communication and the relationship you have
informal language.
EXAMPLE:
When you are in the gymnasium and a teenager
offers you a seat, you acknowledge the kind
gesture by saying, "Thanks for the seat." However, if
you are in an academic forum and an organizer
offers you a seat, you say, "Thank you very much,
(Sir or Ma'am)."
When speaking impromptu on a certain topic, you should use
ordinary, conversational language. However, if you are to give a lecture
When speaking impromptu on a certain topic, you should use ordinary,
in a conversational
conference, your language should be formal. In the same manner
language. However, if you are to give a lecture in a conference,
that when you write
your language your
should speechInand
be formal. yourmanner
the same purpose thatiswhen
to inform your
you write
audience on climate
your speech change,
and your it is
purpose expected
is to thataudience
inform your your language
on climateischange,
formal.
Initcontrast,
is expected
ifthat
youryour language
speech is formal.
is meant toIn contrast, if
entertain yourlisteners
your speech is meant
on a
to entertain your listeners on a light topic, your language should be informal.
light topic, your language should be informal.
THANK
YOU