Introduction

“Preference For Imported and Domestic Cars” was chosen as our research topic due to
the car is the main transportation in Malaysia, we can see that every family at least has
one car in their household. In addition, Malaysia is a car manufacturer, and the first
domestic car was known as the “Proton Saga” (The first Malaysian car, the Proton
Saga, 2019). According to the research, there are a total of 22,478 domestic cars have
been sold. Malaysia has also imported foreign cars from other countries, including
famous brands like Toyota, Honda, Audi, Mercedes, and so forth. This is a valuable
topic for us to research for our project. We will survey 30 respondents and write a report
with statistical analysis.

Task 1 & Task 2

Question 1

It can be seen that 57% of respondents are Male and 43% of respondents are female.
Question 2

The bar chart clearly shows that the respondents’ ages range from 18 to 51 years old.
The majority of respondents (57%) are between the ages of 18 and 24 years old. There
are 27% of respondents are between the ages of 25 and 31. Other age groups have the
same percentage, which is 7% are 32 to 38 years old and 46 to 52 years old. There is
only a minority of respondents (3%) are between the ages of 39 and 45.

Question 3
The occupations include student, employed and unemployed. The category of
employed is the most, which is 40%. In addition, students and self- employees have the
same percentage, which is 27% respectively. There are only 6% are unemployed.

Question 4

Most of the respondents with 83% have their cars and only a small percentage with
17% did not have their cars.
Question 5

There are 67% of people drive domestic cars and 33% of people drive imported cars.

Question 6

90% of respondents were satisfied with their cars and only a small percentage of
respondents disagreed with their cars.
Question 7

According to the responses in question 4, the majority of respondents own a car.

Following the survey results, the most popular people driving cars are Toyota (27%),
Honda (13%), Mercedes (10%), BMW (7%), Audi (7%), and Mazda (3%). Perodua
accounted for 20% and Proton is 13% of people currently driving.

Question 8
According to the chart, the maximum number of years in using a car is 3 years, which
was chosen by 7 people. Only 1 person driving the car maximum is 7 years.

Years, x x
2

2 4
6 36
2 4
3 9
2 4
3 9
4 16
6 36
4 16
5 25
3 9
4 16
5 25
3 9
3 9
3 9
3 9
4 16
5 25
4 16
2 4
1 1
1 1
5 25
7 49
5 25
2 4
5 25
 6 36
2 4
Σ x =¿ 110 2
Σ x =¿476

110
Mean =
30

= 3.667

T 30+1
Median =
2

=15.5

∴m = 3

Maximum value = 7

Minimum value = 1

Range = 7 – 1

=6

Standard deviation =
√ 476
30
−( 3.667 )
2

= 1.556

Variance = ( 1.556 )2
 = 2.421

Question 9

Based on the result in question 5, over 37% of respondents think that the reason for
them to support their car type is affordable. Quality (27%) is the second reason for them
to support a car. In addition, there are 20% of respondents selected brands. Another
13% chose car features but only a small percentage of respondents (3%) support car
design.

Question 10
Looking at the bar chart, 37% of respondents agree that the main option when
purchasing a car is quality. However, 23% of respondents consider the budget as a
secondary option. The function and reliability have the same percentage of
respondents, around 20% respectively.

Question 11
 How much do you spent on petrol each time?
16

14

12

10
Frequency

0
20-49 50-79 80-109 110-139 200-229
Petrol Spent (RM)

There are 15 respondents on average petrol expenditure ranges from RM 50 to RM79

each time. While there is a small percentage of respondents will spend in the range of
RM 110 to RM 139 per time on petrol.

2
Petrol Spent (RM), x x
200 40000
50 2500
70 4900
50 2500
75 5625
25 625
100 10000
50 2500
80 6400
200 40000
80 6400
60 3600
 45 2025
70 4900
50 2500
60 3600
100 10000
60 3600
40 1600
80 6400
80 6400
50 2500
120 14400
60 3600
70 4900
70 4900
70 4900
100 10000
80 6400
100 10000
Σ x =¿ 2345 2
Σ x =227675

2345
Mean =
30

= 78.167

T 30+1
Median =
2

= 15.5
 ∴m = 70

Maximum value = 200

Minimum value = 25

Range = 200 – 25

= 175

standard deviation =
√ 227675
30
−( 78.167 )
2

= 38.459

Variance = ( 38.459 )2

= 1479.095

Question 12
The majority of respondents (87%) prefer Ron95, while 13% of respondents prefer
Ron97 and no one prefers diesel.

Question 13

How often do you service your car?

14

12

10

8
Frequency

0
1 2 3 4 6 9
Month
About 13 people believe that at least 6 months going to the car service center, and 1
people often service their cars in every 2 months.

Service (Month), x x
2

6 36
3 9
6 36
3 9
4 16
6 36
1 1
1 1
6 36
3 9
4 16
2 4
3 9
6 36
6 36
6 36
4 16
6 36
3 9
6 36
6 36
9 81
6 36
1 1
1 1
1 1
 6 36
1 1
1 1
6 36
Σ x =¿ 123 2
Σ x =653

123
Mean =
30

= 4.1

T 30+1
Median =
2

= 15.5

∴m = 4

Maximum value = 9

Minimum value = 1

Range = 9 – 1

=8

Standard deviation =
√ 653
30
−( 4.1 )
2

= 2.23

Variance = ( 2.23 )2

= 4.97
Question 14

There are 20 respondents on average pay their car insurance range from RM1000 to
RM 1999 per year and 8 people pay their car insurance between RM500 to RM999
annually. Only 2 persons annually spent RM0 to RM 499 on car insurance.

Class Class Cumulative 2

Midpoint Frequency fx fx
Limits Boundaries Frequency
0 - 999 0 – 999.5 499.5 16 16 7992 3992004
1000 - 999.5 - 1499.5 13 29 19493.5 29230503.25
1999 1999.5
2000 - 1999.5 - 2499.5 1 30 2499.5 6247500.25
2999 2999.5
2
Σ fx =¿39470
Σ fx=29985
007.5
 29985
Mean =
30

= 999.5

Standard deviation =
√ 39470007.5
30
− ( 999.5 )
2

= 562.731

Variance = (562.731)2

= 316666.178

Confidence interval for mean using 95%

999.5−1.96
( 562.731
√ 30 ) <u< 999.5+1.96
( √ 30 )
562.731

798.129<u<1200.871
 Ogive of maintenance cost per month (RM)
35

30

25
Cumulative Frequency

20

15

10

0
0 999.5 1999.5 2999.5

Maintenance cost (RM)

Frequency Polygon of maintenance cost per month (RM)

18

16

14

12

10
Frequency

0
0 499.5 1499.5 2499.5 3499.5

Maintenance cost (RM)

Question 15

The average maintenance cost paid by 16 respondents each month ranges from RM0
to RM999. 13 respondents pay monthly maintenance costs ranging from RM1000 to
RM1999. Only 1 respondent reports paying monthly maintenance costs of between
RM2000 to RM2999.
Cross tabulation graph (gender and brand of car)

Gender and Brand of Car Cross Tabulation Graph

6

0
Audi Bmw Honda Mazda Mercedes Perodua Proton Toyota

Male Female

Gender and Brand of Car Cross Tabulation Graph

6

0
Audi Bmw Honda Mazda Mercedes Perodua Proton Toyota

Male Female

As can be seen from the graph, the largest number of males chose Toyota as their car.
There is no male from our respondents drives Audi and Mazda, whereas no female from
our respondents drives Mercedes. Most of the female drive Perodua and Toyota.
Task 3 Hypothesis Testing

α=0.5

Years, X Service, Y X² Y² XY

2 6 4 36 12

6 3 36 9 18

2 6 4 36 12

3 3 9 9 9

2 4 4 16 8

3 6 9 36 18

4 1 16 1 4

6 1 36 1 6

4 6 16 36 24

5 3 25 9 15

3 4 9 16 12

4 2 16 4 8

5 3 25 9 15

3 6 9 36 18

3 6 9 36 18

3 6 9 36 18

3 4 9 16 12

4 6 16 36 24
 5 3 25 9 15

4 6 16 36 24

2 6 4 36 12

1 9 1 81 9

1 6 1 36 6

5 1 25 1 5

7 1 49 1 7

5 1 25 1 5

2 6 4 36 12

5 1 25 1 5

6 1 36 1 6

2 6 4 36 12

∑110 ∑123 ∑476 ∑653 ∑369

 Scatter Diagram of number of years using the car and number of
month car service once
10

8
number of month car service once

7
f(x) = − 1.12844036697248 x + 8.23761467889908
R² = 0.622273773313673
6

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

number of years using the car

n ( ∑ XY )−( ∑ X )( ∑ Y )
r=
√ ¿¿ ¿
¿

Step 1

H 0=P=0

 There is no correlation between the variables years and service.

H 1=P ≠ 0

 There is a significant correlation between the variables years and service.

Step 2

 Since α=0.5 and there are d.f =30-2=28 degree of freedom the critical values
obtained from table are ±0.683.

Step 3

ʈ=r
√ n−2
1−r 2

= -0.7888
√ 30−2
1−¿ ¿
¿

= 6.7908

Step 4
 t = 6.7908

-0.683 0 +0.683
0

 Since the test statistic falls in the critical region the decision is to reject the null
hypothesis.

Step 5

 There is a significant relationship between the variables of years and service.

Pearson r

Years, X Service, Y Xi - X (Xi - X ¿2 Yi - Y (Yi - Y ¿2 (Xi- X ¿(Yi−Y )

2 6 -1.6667 2.7779 1.9 3.61 -3.1667
6 3 2.3333 5.4443 -1.1 1.21 -2.5666
2 6 -1.6667 2.7779 1.9 3.61 -3.1667
3 3 -0.6667 0.4445 -1.1 1.21 0.7334
2 4 -1.6667 2.7779 -0.1 0.01 0.1667
3 6 -0.6667 0.4445 1.9 3.61 -1.2667
4 1 0.3333 0.1111 -3.1 9.61 -1.0332
6 1 2.3333 5.4443 -3.1 9.61 -7.2332
4 6 0.3333 0.1111 1.9 3.61 0.6333
5 3 1.3333 1.7777 -1.1 1.21 -1.4666
 3 4 -0.6667 0.4445 -0.1 0.01 0.0667
4 2 0.3333 0.1111 -2.1 4.41 -0.6999
5 3 1.3333 1.7777 -1.1 1.21 -1.4666
3 6 -0.6667 0.4445 1.9 3.61 -1.2667
3 6 -0.6667 0.4445 1.9 3.61 -1.2667
3 6 -0.6667 0.4445 1.9 3.61 -1.2667
3 4 -0.6667 0.4445 -0.1 0.01 0.0667
4 6 0.3333 0.1111 1.9 3.61 0.6333
5 3 1.3333 1.7777 -1.1 1.21 -1.4666
4 6 0.3333 0.1111 1.9 3.61 0.6333
2 6 -1.6667 2.7779 1.9 3.61 -3.1667
1 9 -2.6667 7.1113 4.9 24.01 -13.0668
1 6 -2.6667 7.1113 1.9 3.61 -5.0667
5 1 1.3333 1.7777 -3.1 9.61 -4.1332
7 1 3.3333 11.1109 -3.1 9.61 -10.3332
5 1 1.3333 1.7777 -3.1 9.61 -4.1332
2 6 -1.6667 2.7779 1.9 3.61 -3.1667
5 1 1.3333 1.7777 -3.1 9.61 -4.1332
6 1 2.3333 5.4443 -3.1 9.61 -7.2332
2 6 -1.6667 2.7779 1.9 3.61 -3.1667
∑110 ∑123 ∑-0.001 ∑72.667 ∑0 ∑148.7 ∑-81.9991

110
X= =3.6667
30

123
Y = =4.1
30

s xy
r xy =
√ s xx s yy
 −81.9991
=
√( 72.667 )( 148.7 )
= -0.7888

^B1= −81.9991
72.667

= -1.1284

^B0=4.1−(−1.1284 ) (3.6667 )

¿ 8.2375

¿
Y ¿ 8.2375−1.1284 X

2 2
r = (−0.7888 )

¿ 0.6222

Task 4: Conclusion and recommendations

Recommendation

I strongly recommend that all automobile companies encourage their clients to get their
cars serviced once every six months or at least annually to ensure your car
performance is good, whether the car is domestic or foreign.

The reason is that many customers constantly complain about the poor performance of
domestic car, (maintenance cost, insurance , petrol cost is not much different if compare
with import car )

Implemented new car service technology to reduce the cost of maintenance and
insurance, improve the domestic car overall function such as quality, affordable…. to
encourage local customer to purchase.

including problems with their car engine, electrical system or body hardware, among
other issues. Actually, some people define “car reliability” as the number of times they
can drive without service it until something breaks.

As a result, it’s difficult to give advice on car reliability because it is dependent on how a
person maintenance car regularly.

Conclusion

References
The first Malaysian car, the Proton Saga. (2019). Retrieved 7 November 2021, from
[Link] VVdKIKLcTBeeG4jbA7d5jQ?
iid=AYZRaiHiS66J5yijUnfiUA