Scribd
Upload
7 views1 page

Indonesia's Political Evolution Post-Independence

Since gaining independence in 1945, Indonesia has experienced four distinct political systems shaped by significant historical events. The initial party system was influenced by social divisions and political patronage, leading to the rise and fall of the PKI and the establishment of the New Order dictatorship. The political landscape transformed again in 1998 with Suharto's resignation, resulting in a distinction between core parties active since 1999 and newer parties emerging after 2004.

Uploaded by

Krizcia Jayne Huerto
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
7 views1 page

Indonesia's Political Evolution Post-Independence

Since gaining independence in 1945, Indonesia has experienced four distinct political systems shaped by significant historical events. The initial party system was influenced by social divisions and political patronage, leading to the rise and fall of the PKI and the establishment of the New Order dictatorship. The political landscape transformed again in 1998 with Suharto's resignation, resulting in a distinction between core parties active since 1999 and newer parties emerging after 2004.

Uploaded by

Krizcia Jayne Huerto
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

HUERTO, Krizcia MODULE 6 ASSIGNMENT 1

2-PS2
Since achieving independence in 1945, Indonesia had four different political systems. Each of
these systems originated from a historic moment that changed not only the nature of the party
system, but also the entire regime structure for years to come. The country's major social division
structure of hegemony vs political Islam formed the country's first party system, which emerged
in the aftermath of Indonesia's independence struggle. Elected politics of the 1950s were often
shaped by political patronage networks and the hunt for favor, but they were also shaped by
political patronage networks and the demand for favors. Cabinet formation and public policy were
challenging under these conditions, particularly because the party system lacked a strong, cohesive
center party to counteract centrifugal pressure from the left and right. Pressure from the army and
the revolutionary courage of Sukarno's Guided Democracy (1959–1965) resulted in the
abolishment of parliament and the marginalization of all parties except the PKI following the end
of parliamentary democracy in the late 1950s. However, the PKI's success was short-lived. An
attempted coup in 1965 resulted in numerous deaths and the complete extinction of communism,
finally leading to the establishment of the so-called New Order dictatorship. In May 1998,
President Suharto resigned in the face of a severe financial crisis and large student protests,
bringing the New Order to an end. The distinction between core parties that have successfully
competed in all democratic elections since 1999 and those that only began participating in elections
in 2004 or later is useful not only because these two groups of parties have different organizational
lifespans and structures, but also because they exhibit slightly different factionalism patterns.

You might also like