1.
Plato/Platonism
19. Thomas Paine
41. Simone de Beauvoir
2. Neoplatonism
20. Romanticism
42. John Stuart Mill and/or
3. Heraclitus
21. Voltaire
Harriet Taylor Mill
4. Confucius
22. Montesquieu
43. Mary Astell
5. Confucianism/Ruism
23. Martin Heidegger
44. Mary Wollstonecraft
6.
Buddha Buddhism
24. Ibn Rushd (Averroes;
45. Jeremy Bentham
7. Lao Tzu/Taoism
Islamic philosopher)
46. Angela Davis (Black
8.
Cicero
25. Hegel
American)
9.
Thomas Aquinas
26. Ayn Rand
47. Hannah Arendt
10. Edmund Burke (The
27. Post-Modernism
48. Lalla (Indian female
Philosophical Roots of
28. Jacques Derrida
Modern Conservatism
29. Michel Foucault
philosopher)
11. Liberalism
30. Semiotics
49. Sophie Bosede Oluwole
12. The Philosophy Behind
31. Empiricism
(Nigerian Yoruba
Game Theory
32. Idealism
philosophy)
13. Feminist Epistemology
33. Karl Popper
50. Zera Yacob (Ethiopian
14. Medieval Scholasticism
34. Soren Kierkegaard
philosopher)
15. Ibn Sina (Avicenna; Islamic
35. Franz Kafka
51. Personhood/Identity
philosopher)
36. Friedrich Nietzsche
52. Ban Zhao (female
16. Rene Descartes
37. Existentialism
Confucianist)
17. Michel de Montaigne
38. Nihilism
53. Cornell West
18. Spinoza
39. Jean-Paul Sartre