ENT INSTRUMENTS
LAC’S TONGUE DEPRESSOR
LAC’S TONGUE DEPRESSOR
• L Shaped instrument
• It has a broader end- used to depress tongue, on
the other side it is narrow with a bent- used for
gripping
• Uses:
• Used to examine oral cavity and oropharynx
• Testing gag reflux
• Doing cold spatula test
• To test spasm of massater muscle in suspected
case of tetanus
• To do erwin moor sign
• While performing posterior rhinoscopy
• Visualisation of nasopharynx under anaesthesia
using bent end.
• Oral cavity procedures:
1. Throat swab
2. Giving steroid injection over the pillars-Rx of
OSMF
3. Biopsy from oral cavity
4. Excision of cysts
5. Tonsillectomy under local anesthesia
6. Surgery of submandibular duct
7. Removal of foreign body
THUDICHUM’S NASAL SPECULUM
THUDICHUM’S NASAL SPECULUM
• U shaped instrument with blades/pronges at the
end
• Avaliable in different sizes
• How to hold the insturment?
• Uses:
1. Diagnostic uses:
• For anterior rhinoscopy( lateral wall, floor,
inferior and middle turbinate, septum)
• Foreign body
• Rhinolith
Polyps
2. Therapetic uses:
• Removal of foreign body
• Nasal packing
• Cauterisation
• Application of medication
• Antral puncture
• Nasal surgery( septoplasty and SMR)-incision
and infiltration
TUNNING FORK
TUNNING FORK
• Consist of 3 parts:
1. Pronge
2. Stem
3. Base
• Available in different frequency- 126Hz, 512Hz,
1024Hz
• Most commonly used is 512Hz
TONSILLECTOMY INSTRUMENTS
DENNI’S BROWN TONSIL HOLDING FORCEP
TO READ
• Anatomy of tonsil, Cause of tonsillitis
• D/D of membrane over tonsil(diptheria in detail)
• Neck space infections
• Indications
• Contraindications
• Techniques of tonsillectomy
• Post operative care
• Complications
NASAL SURGERY INSTRUMENTS
TILLEY NASAL GOUGE
• This is a bayonet shaped nasal gouge resembling
Killian nasal gouge. However, the tip has a ‘V’
shaped slot for better anchor- age of the maxillary
crest.
HEATH MALLET
• This instrument appears like a hammer and is
used along with a gouge, chisel or osteotome. The
gouge is to be hit by a mallet with movement at
the wrist during septal surgery.
TO READ
• Difference b/w SMR and septoplasty
• Difference b/w AC polyp and Ethamoidal polyp
• DNS
• Types of nasal bone fracture
• FESS
MASTOID SURGERY
TO READ
• MRM
• Radical mastoidectomy
• Cortical mastoidectomy
• tympanoplasty
SCOPES
BRONCHOSCOPE
• Rigid tube with a beveled end.
• 40 to 45 cm long.
• It has vents on the side for ventilation of the other
bronchus.
USES
• Diagnostic:
• a. For examination of tracheobronchial tree for
pathology—growth, ulcer, stricture, etc.
• b. Biopsy from a suspicious growth or ulcer
• c. Bronchial lavage from secretions
• d. Bronchography
• e. Autofl uorescence and photodynamic
diagnosis.
• Therapeutic:
• a. Foreign body removal
OESOPHAGOSCOPE
• Rigid hollow tube
• 40 to 45 cm length and 16 to 20 mm diameter.
• Negus and Jackson type.
• The Negus type generally has double proximal
illumination, tapers distally and has markings on
it.
• The Jackson type has single distal illumination
and has no markings and does not taper distally.
In distal illumination, the light can get fogged due
to its proximity to the distal end.
USES
• Diagnostic
• a. Malignancy
• b. Foreign body examination
• c. Cardiospasm
• d. Tracheoesophageal fistula
• e. Stricture.
• Therapeutic
• a. Removal of foreign body
• b. To guide bougies through esophageal strictures
• c. Esophageal stenting
TRACHEOSTOMY TUBES
• Metallic
• Non metallic tubes
NON-METALLIC: PORTEX
• TRACHEOSTOMY
Parts: TUBE
• a. Single tube with collar
• b. Cuff
• c. Balloon with valve for air
• d. Pilot obturator.
• Advantages:
• a. Made up of soft material, hence less damaging to
thetracheal wall
• b. Since it has a cuff it is particularly useful for intensive
careunit patients
• c. It is useful during radiotherapy
• d. It has a blue radiopaque line all along the tube for radio-
logical detection of the site of the tube.
• Disadvantages:
• a. Cleaning the tube is more diffi cult—requires removal
• b. Phonation not possible usually
• c. Checking the patency of natural air passage is not possible
• d. Cuff might injure the tracheal wall (tracheal necrosis)
ifoverinfl ated and left for a longer period of time.