1.
The Solar System
Introduction
The Solar System is a vast collection of celestial bodies bound together by the Sun’s gravity.
It includes eight planets, their moons, dwarf planets, asteroids, comets, and meteoroids. The
Sun, at the center, provides the light and energy that make life on Earth possible.
Structure
1. The Sun
The Sun is a medium-sized star made mostly of hydrogen and helium. It accounts
for about 99.8% of the Solar System’s total mass. The Sun’s energy comes from
nuclear fusion in its core, which turns hydrogen into helium.
2. The Planets
○ Mercury: Closest to the Sun, small, and extremely hot during the day.
○ Venus: Thick, toxic atmosphere of carbon dioxide; known as Earth’s “sister
planet.”
○ Earth: The only planet known to support life.
○ Mars: Known as the “Red Planet,” with dusty soil and thin air.
○ Jupiter: The largest planet, mostly gas, with a Great Red Spot storm.
○ Saturn: Famous for its rings made of ice and rock.
○ Uranus: Rotates on its side and has a blue-green color due to methane gas.
○ Neptune: Farthest planet from the Sun, cold and windy.
3. Other Members
○ Dwarf Planets: Pluto, Ceres, Eris, etc.
○ Asteroids and Comets: Remnants from the early solar system that orbit the
Sun.
Interesting Facts
● Light from the Sun takes about 8 minutes to reach Earth.
● The Solar System is about 4.6 billion years old.
● The Milky Way galaxy contains billions of solar systems.