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Python Numeric Data Guide: Integers & Floats

This guide provides an overview of numeric data types in Python, focusing on integers and floats, their operations, and built-in functions. It covers basic arithmetic, comparison operators, and type casting, enhanced with diagrams for clarity. Understanding these concepts is essential for effectively handling numeric data in Python.

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koechedwin115
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10 views4 pages

Python Numeric Data Guide: Integers & Floats

This guide provides an overview of numeric data types in Python, focusing on integers and floats, their operations, and built-in functions. It covers basic arithmetic, comparison operators, and type casting, enhanced with diagrams for clarity. Understanding these concepts is essential for effectively handling numeric data in Python.

Uploaded by

koechedwin115
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Python Integers & Floats: Visual Guide & Diagrams

This guide distills core concepts of numeric data in Python—covering types, operations, built-in functions,
comparisons, and casting—enhanced with ASCII-style illustrations for clarity.

1. Integer vs. Float

• Integer ( int ): whole numbers, no fractional part.


• Float ( float ): numbers with decimal component.

num = 3
print(type(num)) # <class 'int'>
num = 3.14
print(type(num)) # <class 'float'>

Diagram: Type Classification

3 → int
3.14 → float

2. Basic Arithmetic Operators

Operator Symbol Description Example

Addition + sum two values 3 + 2 = 5

Subtract - difference 3 - 2 = 1

Multiply * product 3 * 2 = 6

Divide / true division 3 / 2 = 1.5

Floor Div // integer division (floor) 3 // 2 = 1

Power ** exponentiation 3 ** 2 = 9

Modulo % remainder 3 % 2 = 1

Floor vs. True Division

1
True Division (/) Floor Division (//)
3 / 2 → 1.5 3 // 2 → 1

3. Modulo & Even/Odd Check

• % yields remainder of integer division.


• Commonly used to test parity: n % 2 == 0 → even, == 1 → odd.

Remainder Diagram

Dividend ÷ Divisor = Quotient with Remainder


5 ÷ 2 = 2 remainder 1
5 % 2 → 1

4. Order of Operations & Parentheses

Python respects PEMDAS (Parentheses, Exponents, Multiply/Divide, Add/Subtract). Use parentheses to


override default precedence.

print(3 * 2 + 1) # (3*2) + 1 = 7
print(3 * (2 + 1)) # 3 * (2+1) = 9

Operation Tree

Expression: 3 * (2 + 1)

*
/ \
3 ()
|
+
/ \
2 1

5. Increment & Augmented Assignment

• Standard increment:

2
num = 1
num = num + 1 # num → 2

• Shorthand with += , -= , *= , /= , etc.:

num = 1
num += 1 # num → 2
num *= 10 # num → 20

6. Built‑in Numeric Functions

Function Purpose Example

abs(x) absolute value abs(-3) → 3

round(x[, n]) round to n decimals round(3.75) → 4 , round(2.38,1) → 2.4

Rounding Behavior

round(3.75) → 4 # nearest int


round(2.38, 1) → 2.4 # one decimal place

7. Comparison Operators & Booleans

Comparisons return True or False :

Operator Meaning Example

== equal 3 == 2 → False

!= not equal 3 != 2 → True

> greater than 3 > 2 → True

< less than 3 < 2 → False

>= ≥ 3 >= 3 → True

<= ≤ 2 <= 3 → True

3
8. Casting & Type Conversion

Convert between numeric types (or from strings):

# String to int/float
a = "100"
b = "3.14"
i = int(a) # 100 (int)
f = float(b) # 3.14 (float)

# Numeric to string
s = str(123) # "123"

Casting Flow

"3.14" --float()--> 3.14


"100" --int()--> 100

Master these fundamentals to handle Python numeric data with confidence!

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