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Class 12 Chemistry JEE Formula Sheet

This document is a formula sheet for Class 12 Chemistry focusing on solutions, including concentration terms, vapor pressure, colligative properties, and the Van’t Hoff factor. It outlines key formulas and concepts such as Raoult's Law, ideal and non-ideal solutions, and Henry's Law. Each section provides essential equations and notes relevant for understanding solution chemistry.

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200 views2 pages

Class 12 Chemistry JEE Formula Sheet

This document is a formula sheet for Class 12 Chemistry focusing on solutions, including concentration terms, vapor pressure, colligative properties, and the Van’t Hoff factor. It outlines key formulas and concepts such as Raoult's Law, ideal and non-ideal solutions, and Henry's Law. Each section provides essential equations and notes relevant for understanding solution chemistry.

Uploaded by

bankarsangram10
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Solutions – Class 12 Chemistry (JEE Formula

Sheet)

1. Concentration Terms
Term Formula Unit / Notes
Mass % (w/w) mass of solute / mass of solution × 100 %
Volume % (v/v) volume of solute / volume of solution × 100 %
Mass by Volume % (w/v)
mass of solute / volume of solution × 100 g per 100 mL
Mole Fraction xA = nA / (nA + nB) No unit
Molarity (M) M = moles of solute / volume of solution (L) mol L■¹
Molality (m) m = moles of solute / mass of solvent (kg) mol kg■¹
Normality (N) N = equivalents of solute / volume of solution (L) eq L■¹
Relation M & m M = (1000·m·d)/(1000 + m·MB(d−1)) d=density, MB=molar mass

2. Vapour Pressure
Concept Formula Notes
Raoult’s Law pA = pA■·xA, pB = pB■·xB Partial pressures
Total Vapour Pressure p_total = pA■xA + pB■xB —
Relative Lowering (p■−p)/p■ = xB = nB/(nA+nB) For non-volatile solute

3. Colligative Properties
Relative Lowering: (p■−p)/p■ = n■/n■
Elevation in Boiling Point: ∆Tb = Kb·m , Kb = (R·Tb²·M■)/∆Hvap
Depression in Freezing Point: ∆Tf = Kf·m , Kf = (R·Tf²·M■)/∆Hfus
Osmotic Pressure: π = C·R·T = (n/V)·R·T = (w/M)·R·T / V

4. Van’t Hoff Factor


i = observed colligative property / calculated colligative property = normal molar mass / observed
molar mass
Modified formulas: ∆Tb = i·Kb·m, ∆Tf = i·Kf·m, π = i·C·R·T, (p■−p)/p■ = i·n■/n■

5. Ideal and Non-ideal Solutions


Type Relation Note
Ideal Solution ∆Hmix = 0, ∆Vmix = 0 Follows Raoult’s law
Non-ideal Solution ∆Hmix ≠ 0, ∆Vmix ≠ 0 Shows positive or negative deviation

6. Henry’s Law
p = kH·x
→ Solubility ∝ 1/kH (kH ↑ with temperature ⇒ solubility ↓)

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