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Activating Linux: Installation Guide

The document provides instructions on how to install or access a Linux environment, specifically using Ubuntu. It outlines various methods including installing on a virtual machine, using the Windows Subsystem for Linux, booting from a USB drive, activating on a Chromebook, or using a cloud-based solution. The document emphasizes the importance of having a working Linux shell for those pursuing careers in Networking and Cybersecurity.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
13 views4 pages

Activating Linux: Installation Guide

The document provides instructions on how to install or access a Linux environment, specifically using Ubuntu. It outlines various methods including installing on a virtual machine, using the Windows Subsystem for Linux, booting from a USB drive, activating on a Chromebook, or using a cloud-based solution. The document emphasizes the importance of having a working Linux shell for those pursuing careers in Networking and Cybersecurity.

Uploaded by

malaikafaryad16
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Install (or access) a Linux Environment

BACKGROUND

Linux is an open source operating system (Windows and MacOS are


examples of other operating systems that are not open source). Most
people involved in networking, cybersecurity, and IT rely on Linux daily.

There are many different flavors of Linux (Ubuntu, Kali, RedHat, or


Mint). We will be using Ubuntu this semester.

Some of the ways to use Linux include:

1. Install Linux on a virtual machine


2. Install Linux on a computer
3. Boot Linux from a USB drive
4. Install Linux using the Windows Subsystem for Linux
5. Activate Linux on a Chromebook
6. Use a cloud-based Linux machine

In this exercise, you will install Linux (or use a cloud-based solution). You will have the option of
choosing any of the above options. If you plan on going into the field of Networking and
Cybersecurity, you will encounter virtual machines all the time, and this is a good option for you
to gain experience.

If you have Windows 10, you might elect instead to use the WSL (Windows Subsystem for
Linux). This is a frictionless installation and sufficient for the work we will be doing this semester.

However, if you run into problems with those two options, you can always use a cloud-based
machine.

For this lab, you will need evidence of a working Linux shell (command line interface).

REQUIREMENTS

Depending on your method of installation, you may need a computer capable of virtualization.

PART I: Install Linux

There are a number of different methods of installation; you need to choose one (or more than
one if you want to poke around!). If you are pursuing a career in Networking and Cybersecurity,
you’ll want to use a virtual machine (because you’ll need to do it later on in your program). But if
you’re not quite ready for that, choose the WSL method or a cloud-based version.

CC-BY-NC Dave Ghidiu Finger Lakes Community College


METHOD I: Install Linux on a Virtual Machine

A virtual machine (VM) is software that can leverage the hardware of the host computer
and run a different operating system. This should not be confused with emulation, which
is software that imitates other software, without a need to talk to most of the hardware of
the computer.

There are a number of advantages to a VM. A virtual machine is sandboxed (runs in a


restrictive environment). A virtual machine can have its state saved. And a virtual
machine can allow one computer (such as a Mac) to run multiple operating systems
(MacOS, Linux, ChromeOS, and Windows, for instance).

STEP 1: Install virtual machine software

1. You can choose between VirtualBox or VMWare Player (I prefer


VirtualBox, but many people swear by VMPlayer; either one will work).

STEP 2: Install Ubuntu on the virtual machine

1. Download the Ubuntu image as an ISO from Ubuntu.

2. Use your virtualization software to install Ubuntu.


● IMPORTANT: If using a version of VirtualBox which allows
unattended installs, be sure to SKIP the unattended install by
checking the appropriate box:

Link to video

METHOD II: Install Linux on a computer

To install Ubuntu on a computer, use the instructions provided by the people at


Ubuntu.

METHOD III: Boot Linux from a USB drive

To boot Ubuntu from a USB, use the instructions provided by the people at
CC-BY-NC Dave Ghidiu Finger Lakes Community College
Ubuntu.

METHOD IV: Install Linux using the Windows Subsystem for Linux

STEP 1: Understand the WSL


This is an easy method of accessing Linux. The Windows Subsystem for Linux is
a little different than a full-blown virtual machine (if you are super nerdy and want
to know the differences, check out this reddit thread, a deep dive into the WSL by
Microsoft, or this reply from Quora).

STEP 2: Install Ubuntu from the Microsoft Store


Go to the Microsoft Store (an app that is on Windows 10), search for “Ubuntu”,
and then install it. The search may yield several different options. There are two
things to know:

● LTS means “Long Term Support” (and Ubuntu will offer updates for two
years on these versions)
● The versioning follows the scheme [Link] (for instance, 20.04 is
the April release from 2020, and 20.10 is the October release from 2020).

For a video demonstration of installation, check out this YouTube video (only the
first four minutes are relevant; the remainder of the video is a brief introduction to
Linux).

METHOD V: Activate Linux on a Chromebook

Chromebooks can run a version of Linux called Debian (actually, Ubuntu is also a
Debian derivative). To activate Linux on a Chromebook, check out this video.

METHOD VI: Use a cloud-based Linux machine

If you cannot use any of the methods above, you can access a Linux shell via
Google Cloud. Simply go here. You can even install it as a PWA (standalone
progressive web app) on your computer - check out this video.
CC-BY-NC Dave Ghidiu Finger Lakes Community College
Take a screenshot of a Linux distribution running on your virtual machine. Make sure that there
is a way to identify it as your machine from the image (your name is in the terminal, for
instance):

EVIDENCE #1

PASTE THE IMAGE OF YOUR VERSION OF LINUX


MAKE SURE THERE IS IDENTIFYING INFORMATION IN THIS IMAGE
(LIKE YOUR NAME TYPED IN THE TERMINAL)

CC-BY-NC Dave Ghidiu Finger Lakes Community College

Common questions

Powered by AI

Using a virtual machine (VM) for Linux allows complete emulation of the hardware, enabling users to access the full capabilities of a Linux system, including system-level modifications and security testing tools commonly used in cybersecurity . In contrast, the Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) integrates with Windows, providing a simpler installation and operation but limiting access to the full Linux kernel and requiring less system control . WSL is more accessible for beginners or those with limited hardware capabilities, while VMs are better suited for comprehensive development and cybersecurity tasks .

WSL provides a straightforward Linux installation process via the Microsoft Store, making it easily accessible for Windows users without the need for complex setups . It offers seamless integration within the Windows environment, allowing beginners to leverage Linux tools alongside familiar Windows applications without the overhead of managing a full virtual machine or dual-boot system, reducing the barriers to entry for exploring Linux systems .

Linux is favored in fields like networking, cybersecurity, and IT due to its open-source nature, which provides greater transparency and security. It allows for complete customization, crucial for security professionals who need to modify system components to fit specific security needs . Additionally, the widespread use of Linux ensures robust community support and continuous updates, crucial for maintaining security standards .

The USB boot method offers portability and convenience, as it allows users to run Linux on any compatible computer without modifying the host system, which is particularly useful for hardware testing and troubleshooting. It's a versatile option when users need a lightweight and non-permanent setup for tasks that don't require extensive system resources or permanent installation .

A 'sandboxed environment' in terms of virtual machines refers to the isolation a VM provides from the host operating system. This means that any changes or potential security risks affecting the VM do not impact the host system. This environment is particularly beneficial for testing software, debugging, or running applications in a controlled setting where they can be easily reset or managed without affecting other systems . This isolation is crucial in fields like cybersecurity for safely conducting penetration tests or other activities that could compromise systems .

Technologically, VirtualBox is open-source, providing flexibility for customization and community-driven support, which can be beneficial for troubleshooting and extending features through plugins . In contrast, VMware Player generally offers a slightly more polished interface and potentially faster performance due to proprietary optimizations, making it popular among enterprise users . Practically, both software options allow for managing virtual machines effectively but differ in terms of licensing and integration capabilities with other enterprise systems .

A user might prefer enabling Linux on a Chromebook if their usage is focused on lightweight tasks that require Linux functionalities, leveraging the Chromebook's simplicity and security. This is especially applicable in educational settings where Chromebooks are prevalent due to cost-effectiveness, low maintenance, and secure environment . Additionally, it's suitable for users who prioritize mobility and battery life without heavy performance requirements .

Before choosing a cloud-based Linux environment, users must consider internet connectivity stability, as access depends on it. Cost and pricing models of the cloud services should be evaluated, along with the security of the hosted environment versus local control. Furthermore, the extent of the resource and feature limitations inherent to cloud solutions should be taken into account based on user needs such as processing power and access to specialized tools and configurations .

Community support is critical for the maintenance and evolution of Linux distributions, as it drives bug fixing, feature development, and security patching through collaborative efforts. Open-source projects like Linux rely on a global community of users and developers contributing code, documentation, and technical support, ensuring the robustness and adaptability of the distributions to meet diverse user needs . This community involvement fosters rapid innovation and broadens the application scope through the creation of various distributions like Ubuntu and others that target specific use cases .

The concept of 'unattended install' in VirtualBox automates the installation process of Linux distributions by pre-configuring installation parameters, reducing the need for manual intervention. While this speeds up deployments and is beneficial in environments needing standardized setups, it limits customization opportunities during installation, potentially bypassing crucial configuration decisions that might be better addressed manually in specific scenarios . This feature is advantageous for streamlining deployments in large-scale environments or for users with repetitive setups .

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