Kementerian Pendidikan

SMK LAKE
Contextualised
Form 5 English Language
Learning
SPM Module
by
Mdm Chok Sze Jin
Vol. 2. April 2025

Name: ________________
Class: _______________
Content Overview: What’s your focus?

3. WORLD OF SPORT
5. THE ENVIRONMENT

PEOPLE &
CULTURE HEALTH &
ENVIRONMENT
1. IT’S PERSONAL
2. LIFE’S GREAT MYSTERIES
6. CRIME CEFR FORM 5 THEMES
8. IT’S A HARD DAY’S WORK
SCIENCE &
9. GETTING AWAY
TECHNOLOGY
10. WHERE ON EARTH?
12. HAPPY TO HELP
7. THE MEDIA
CONSUMERISM &
FINANCIAL AWARENESS 11. HI TECH WORLD

4. SHOPPING THERAPY

2
 Content Overview: One thing at a time
People related to media industry
Active passive sentences
Facts on Olympic, World Cup, Gerunds
SUKMA, SEA Games, FIFA How does media influence one’s choice
Power of advertisement Talent VS Training of future career
Features of advertisement: Sports be made compulsory in *Photograph-how does it bring back
what is it for, cost, suitable for, school memory?
available at Comparing sports: individual, team blogs, sites, e-zines, email provider,
Types of money in sports social networking sites , radio
Delivery VS Pick Up be in a public eye, be on the big screen,
*What’s your shopping experience How does sports unite people?
have a lot of hits, go viral, make a name
Words related to shopping How does sports reduce social for yourself, make a headlines
*What makes an ad interesting crime? preposition, word formation
*How does an ad influence people into *Influence of music
buying a certain product? *Review of a website
ART-Hydrogen Bus
*Is it possible to live w/o the internet
Family trip & School trip today? Why?
Place of interest
Is tourism bad for environment
Sports Juvenile crime should be
carbon footprint punished
expression of things; milkshake, commonly confused words
orange juice, iced tea accuse/excused,
Consumerism avoid/prevent
(beverages)
*Why people learn new & Finance Techno How does social media
language influence a person to commit
*In what way does our culture crime
shape the way we communicate Describe a crime, how to
*Description: How Henry prevent crime in your
survived a journey when neighbourhood
something interrupted. *Are we doing enough to
Getting Our Main Crime
protect the wildlife? Explain
why.
Away
Focus
3
 Salary develop child’s behaviour,
prepare for future challenge
Transfer fee Sports be
Type of made a relieve them from
Sponsorship fee Money Compulsory stressful academic
Appearance fee Subject
enhance leadership skills
Prize money
Sport professional /
individual / extreme
Jogging & Badminton Unit 3
Vocabulary Player key / keen /
Skating & Parkour Similarity & World of
Difference promising
Diving & Swimming Sports
Fan top / devoted / loyal

bring the fans globally to increase discipline, self

Sports
support their team How does control, discern right and
Reduce
Sport wrong
Social
Unite sense of belonging,
to accept different Crime
People loyalty and supporty
cultures and language

create social bond and integrate homeless youth

teamwork among competitors through sport training

4
 Introduction Subtopic 2

Sport has the power to change In addition, sports allows

the world, it has the power to ...............................................................
unite people in the way that little ............................................................. .
else does, said Nelson Mandela. It The diversity of culture and
is the catalyst for social change, a language bring people closer for a
platform to spread justice and common goal. It promotes respect
and understanding.
How does
equality.

Sport Unite
Subtopic 3
People?
Subtopic 1

Malaysia, of a multi racial country

In any sport events, one can notice
is a fine reflection of this.
the occasion often ...............................
Whenever sport season, it creates
................................................................. .
...............................................................
For example, FIFA World Cup 2022
.............................................................. .
attracted millions to witness this
Each can leave behind status and
global sport event from the East and
bond together.
West.

5
 Unit 3: Sports_Question (p.41)
Some countries spend a lot of money on providing world-class sports facilities for training talented youngsters.
Is this a good way or bad way to spend government money?

In order to develop promising professional (1) _______________ in their own countries, especially
youngsters, a significant portion of the (2) _____________ budget is spent on sports facilities. Countries are
willing to spend millions on (3) ____________ and maintaining sports facilities. I think it is a good way to train
talented youngsters.

To begin with, providing (4) _________________ sports facilities for youngsters promotes a better
health and lifestyle. With well maintained sports facilities, youngsters will be (5) __________ to do more
sports which leads to the decrease of chances of them taking drugs or creating (6) ____________ issues
such as vandalism.

In addition, talented youngsters that are discovered and trained at a young age yield better (7)
___________ in international competitions. When youngsters train since they are young, they have more
experience and (8) __________ towards various competitions. Hence, they have a higher chance of winning
international tournaments or championships.

However, the government should spend money on providing better (9) ___________ to the youngsters.
After all, sports cannot guarantee the youngsters for life as compared to education. For example, more money
should be spent on funding (10) ______________ for youngsters to further their study .

In conclusion, talented youngsters deserve a better chance to shine with the proper support of the
government. Hence, the government should invest in preparing world-class sports facilities for them.

6
Organise the information from the essay in p.6 into the chart below.

Sport Facilities

What’s your opinion? Reason 1 Reason 2 Contrasting Idea

7
Skim and scan the article carefully. Then, fill in the information in the writing organiser below.

Article (Beginner Level)

How Does Sport Unite People?

Sport is a powerful way to bring people together. No

matter where we come from, we can all enjoy playing or
watching sports. It creates a strong bond among people.

First, sports unite people through global fans. Many

people around the world love the same teams or players.
For example, football clubs like Manchester United or
Barcelona have fans in every country. When big
tournaments like the FIFA World Cup happen, people from
different countries come together to celebrate and enjoy
the game.

Second, sports help people improve teamwork. In team

sports like basketball or cricket, players must work together
to win. They learn to trust each other and communicate
well. This skill is important, not only in sports but also in
daily life, school, and work.

Finally, sports give people motivation. Athletes work

hard to achieve their goals, which inspires others to do the
same. Watching an athlete overcome challenges teaches us
to never give up. This motivation helps us in all parts of life,
from studying to achieving personal dreams.

In conclusion, sports unite people by bringing fans

together, teaching teamwork, and inspiring motivation. It is
a universal language that connects everyone, making the
world a better place. (200 words)
8
Skim and scan the article. Then, extract the main idea and Article (Advanced Level)
supporting details and fill in the chart below. How Does Sport Unite People?
Sports have the unique power to unite people
across cultures and nationalities. Whether through
personal preference or global competition, sports
create a sense of connection that transcends barriers.
One of the most significant ways sports unite
people is through global fandom. Major sporting
events like the FIFA World Cup, the Olympics, and the
Super Bowl bring together millions of fans from
different countries. Regardless of language or
nationality, people cheer for their favourite teams
and athletes. Such experience creating a special
bond. This sense of unity fosters mutual respect and
cultural exchange. We can see this when fans
celebrate victories and accept defeats together.
Additionally, sports promote teamwork, which is
essential for success in both athletics and life. In
team sports like football, basketball, and cricket,
players must communicate effectively, trust each
other, and work toward a common goal. This
collaboration teaches individuals how to cooperate
and resolve conflicts. Eventually, it helps develop
leadership skills. These values that extend beyond the
game and into workplaces and communities.
Lastly, sports provide motivation by inspiring individuals to push beyond their limits. Players are motivated by winning.
Their driving factor could be the prize money and revenue. But more importantly, the determination to train and achieve
goals encourages others to pursue their own goals.
In conclusion, sports serve as a universal bridge, bringing people together through a shared passion, teamwork and
inspiration. (229 words) 9
Speaking Part 3
different background
come together watch live at
supporter food stall
cheer together
eg. people from different
parts of the world gather celebrate success
at World Cup in Qatar global fan together
social bond

accept players are motivated

difference HOW DOES by winning
diverse Motivation
culture SPORT UNITE
PEOPLE? the prerequisite
being driving force
respectful teamwork
common
goal aspire players to
contribute their
become the enable the players to fair share
champion accomplish the goal
increase strength increase speed

10
 Now, talk to each other how does sport unite people.

Candidate A Candidate B

tart Sport can bring people together (unite Yes, absolutely. Only sport can do that.
people) in many ways, for different people.

Besides, I also think that sport unites the

pinion In my opinion, a sport event can bring global athletes of the team itself for a common goal.
fan together, from different countries
Let me explain further. The athletes join an event
eason For example Fifa World Cup in Qatar, it was the for a common goal. Let say the runners of a 100m
first Islamic country to host World Cup. Football race want to increase their speed and strength.
fans and supporters from diverse (different) So they train together to achieve that.
background come together
sk Do you agree with me, _______ (name)? Don’t you think so, _____(name)?

Decide together which is the most important Should Malaysia host international sport events
reason sport unite people to increase the country’s revenue?
Candidate A We both decide that the most important reason I think Malaysia as a developing country should
sport unite people is social bond. This is seen consider hosting international sport events to increase
when the supporters who have followed through its income. For example Sea Games which the Premier
the games bond together. Despite their difference, Sarawak has agreed to taking up the challenge when
they cheer together, watch live at mamak stall they are financially ready for that.
together and celebrate success at the end
together.
Candidate B
Yes, I can’t agree more with that. So far only sport Yes, that’s very true. From one event, we can generate
can do that. Malaysia is a fine example when it many other job opportunities. Throughout the game,
comes to badminton. People just flock together. hotel industry and F&B industry will triple their income
thus it spikes the country’s economy.
Their friendship just grow stronger. 11
Question: Now, talk to each other about how does sport unite people.
Candidate A Candidate B

tart Sport can bring people together (unite people)

Yes, absolutely. ________________________
(by) ________________________________
Besides, I also think that sport unites _________
pinion In my opinion, a sport event can _____________________________________
__________________________________ _____________________________________
__________________________________

eason For example __________________________ Let me explain further. The ________________

_____________________________________ _____________________________________________________
_____________________________________ _____________________________________________________

sk Do you agree with me, _______ (name)? Don’t you think so, ________(name)?

Decide together which is the most important How does cohosting SEA Games 2027 with Penang
reason sport unite people and KL drive the development in Sarawak?
Candidate A We both decide that the most important reason
it will bring positive economic impact to the state.
I think _____________________________________
sport unite people is _____________________
____________________________________ __________________________________________
____________________________________ platform to nurture athletes who shine on the
__________________________________________
____________________________________ international stage
___________________________________________
Candidate B Yes,I can’t agree more with that. Yes, that’s very true. ____________________________
____________________________________ boost sports tourism. ART will be fully operational, making
___________________________________________
movement around the city easier.
___________________________________________
____________________________________
put Sarawak on the world map, raising the state’s profile
___________________________________________
____________________________________

12
 Delivery & Pick up
Advertisement (p.53)
(p.44)
Teenage Shopping in the 21st Century
What makes the advertisement Delivery: convenience BUT no quality
interesting? check
Describe the advertisement. Pick up: inconvenience BUT quality
How does an ad influence people check
to buy a certain product?
Unit 4:
Vocabulary
Consumerism (p.46)
How to run a business without the
& Financial capital? Yes! vocab is powerful. Try
out the crossword puzzle in the next
Awareness page to you to earn as much vocab as
possible.
Local & Imported Phrasal Verb
Brand (p.51) (p.47)

Which one do you prefer? What’s

Excuse me, is it okay if I look around your shop?
the advantage & disadvantage?
After I got the money I’ll pay you off.
Local: affordable, easily accessible,
The red coat will make you stand out in the
easy to find spare
crowd.
part/replacement
Fashion victims always feel they must keep up
Imported: pricey, better quality,
with the latest trend.
limited edition, increase to air flown
I love this design. I think I will try it on.
carbon footprint
13
 Across
4. the changing of money to its
equivalent in thecurrency of another
country
6. running out of money
7. very expensive
8. a form of electronic commerce
9. a card issued by a financial institution,
able to pay
later from a borrowed fund
10. a person who likes to shop
12. overpriced
14. a usefulness of something, worth
15. thing bought at a cheaper price
16. a deduction from the usual cost
17. an amount that could be achieved
18. able to buy or do something

Down
10. shopaholic
9. credit card
1. a price asked for goods and services 18. afford 8. online shopping
2. evidence of purchase 17. worth 7. arm and leg
3. buying things in bulks in a short time
16. discount 6. broke
15. bargain 5. window shopping
5 browsing through the merchandise without the intention to buy 14. value 4. exchange
11. person who purchases goods 13. offer 3. shopping spree
2. receipt
13. a free product of service of value given to the customer
12. rip off
11. consumer 1. charge
Answer: 14
Listen a Minute: Cosmetic Listen a Minute: Credit Card

Choose the correct answer. Choose the correct answer.

1. What does the author find surprising about cosmetics? 1. What does the author imply about the prediction that credit cards
A) They last for a long time. would replace cash?
B) They are incredibly expensive. A) The prediction has mostly come true, with cash being rarely used.
C) They never need to be removed. B) The prediction has not fully materialized, as cash is still commonly
used.
2. According to the author, what plays a big role in how C) The author believes credit cards should be banned altogether.
well cosmetics work?
A) The skill of the person applying them. 2. Why has the Internet increased the use of credit cards, according
B) The brand name of the cosmetics. to the author?
C) The type of store where they are bought. A) People find online transactions safer than in-person payments.
B) Online purchases often require credit card payments.
3. What is one concern the author has about cosmetics? C) Banks encourage people to use cards for online banking.
A) They take too little time to apply.
B) They might contain chemicals that harm the skin. 3. What is one reason the author enjoys using credit cards?
C) They do not come in enough colors. A) They help avoid security risks associated with carrying cash.
B) They allow the author to earn rewards such as air miles.
4. What is the author's main argument regarding C) They offer lower transaction fees compared to cash purchases.
cosmetics?
A) Expensive cosmetics are significantly better than 4. What does the author fear most about using credit cards?
cheap ones. A) That credit cards will be phased out in favor of digital currencies.
B) Applying and removing cosmetics is a time- B) That they will discover fraudulent transactions on their statement.
consuming and costly routine. C) That using a credit card too often will prevent them from earning
C) Cosmetic store employees always provide expert air miles.
advice on makeup application.

15
1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 1. B 2. B 3. B 4. C
Cosmetic Credit Card
 PART 2
GUIDED WRITING:
GUIDED WRITING: ARTICLE
ARTICLE “WHAT MAKES AN
“WHAT MAKES AN
ADVERTISEMENT INTERESTING?”
ADVERTISEMENT INTERESTING?”

helpful words: appealing, attractive, creative, eye catching,

Introduction: Advertisement is a mean of communication in which a product or a brand service
is promoted to the viewers to attract interest. It usually comes in a form of
poster, advertised in social network.

How does an ad attract people to

What makes an ad interesting?
buy a certain product?

speak to the customers’ need

an attractive ad will relate to the
make the subject relevant to the most
customers’ need. Eg the viewer will
search query key words
consider buying if the price and
included other elements such as
specification of the product are clear.
motion, sound and graphic
people will buy the product if they also
gain some benefits from the purchase.
after sale service is available to boost
sale.

Describe the ad. Conclusion

it’s about a food poster from a People should make use of this
restaurant platform to communicate the message
the subject matter is a gigantic burger, responsibly and truthfully
juicy and appetising look to make you
drooling
the aim of the ad is to promote the
newly launch burger in town, operated
by McZinger Cafe.

16
12
Part 3 Extended Writing ARTICLE WANTED!!
Benefit of Online Food Delivery Platforms
You are helping your cousin to promote her online business.
Write an article answering these questions.
What are the restaurants’ responses to this trend?
How does an online food delivery system work?
What are the benefits for customers?

The rise of online food delivery platforms has For customers, the benefits are clear. Online delivery
transformed the restaurant industry. Many businesses are offers convenience, allowing people to order meals from
forced to adapt to a digital-first approach. For example, their favorite restaurants without leaving their homes. The
platforms like Food Panda and Grab Food provide variety available on a single app enables customers to
restaurants with access to a broader customer base. At the explore different cuisines, compare prices, and read
same time, they also introduce challenges such as high reviews before making a decision. Additionally, features like
commission fees and increased competition. live order tracking and multiple payment options enhance
the overall experience.
Recently, I was helping my cousin to promote her online
business. She wished to maximize the benefits of these Despite these advantages, restaurants face challenges
platforms while minimizing drawbacks. The delivery system such as reduced profit margins due to commission fees and
works by allowing restaurants to list their menus on an reliance on third-party platforms for customer engagement.
online platform, where customers can browse options, To counteract these issues, some restaurants offer
place orders, and make payments. exclusive discounts for direct orders or develop their own
mobile apps.
Meanwhile, the platform then coordinates with delivery
drivers who pick up the food and transport it to customers. In conclusion, while online delivery platforms offer
Some restaurants operate their own delivery services significant benefits to both customers and restaurants,
alongside third-party platforms to maintain control over businesses must find ways to adapt and optimize their
costs and customer experience. strategies to remain competitive and profitable. 17
Transfer the content points in p.17 into this mindmap.

RESTAURANTS’
RESPONSES

HOW THE
ONLINE FOOD

SYSTEM WORK
PLATFORMS
DELIVERY

BENEFIT FOR
CUSTOMERS

CONCLUSION

18
 GRAFFITI
DRUG ABUSE
Unit 66 Crime
Unit
SEXUAL
HARRASSMENT Crime
SCAM common crimes
common crimes byby youth
youth PICK POCKET

ILLEGAL RACING

ONLINE
SHOPLIFTING GAMBLING PHYSICAL BULLY

ONLINE BLACKMAIL CYBER BULLY

VANDELISM ARSON 19
ALCOHOLIC
 #CommonCrimebyYouth
Illegal Racing Street racing, Cannonball run, involve two more more competitors

Uses the internet to threaten to release your sensitive data unless you meet
Online Blackmail their demands
Property damage, such as graffiti and defacement directed towards any
Vandelisme property without permission of the owner.

Arson An act of willfully and deliberately setting fire to or charring property

Using the internet or mobile technology to harass, intimidate, or cause harm to

Cyberbully another.

Unwelcome sexual advances, requests for sexual favors, and other verbal or
Sexual Harrasment physical harassment of a sexual nature in the workplace or learning environment

Pickpocket A person who steals from other’s pocket

The excessive, maladaptive, or addictive use of drugs for nonmedical purposes

Drug Abuse despite social, psychological, and physical problems that may arise from such use

Graffiti Writing or drawings scribbled, scratched, or sprayed illicitly on a wall or other

surface in a public place.
Scam A dishonest scheme, a fraud

Shoplifting The act of knowingly taking goods from an establishment in which they are
displayed for sale, without paying for them.
Online gambling Betting or playing games of chance or skill for money using internet

A type of bullying where someone uses their body or an object to hurt or

Physical bully scare someone else
20
a person who is unable to give up the habit of drinking alcohol very often and
Alcoholic in large amounts
 Peer
Influence Poverty

Broken Family
Misuse of
alcohol & drug Factors of Family
Crime upbringing

Sociaeconomy Environmental
21
Listen a Minute Alcohol and Its Effects

(A) Multiple Choice Questions (B) Fill in the blanks with the correct answer

1. Why did the author stop drinking alcohol? I still wonder what motivates people to drink alcohol. I can’t
a) They became allergic to it. stand the (1) ____ (pleasant/disgusting) on people’s
b) They disliked the smell of alcohol. breath. Not only it is costly, it also causes a bad (2) _____
c) They hated hangovers. (headache/energy boost). I have quitted this bad habit for
(3) ____ (weeks/years). I found no liking to (4) ____
2. What is one negative effect of alcohol mentioned (hangovers/exercise) so I decided to stop drinking since
by the author? then.
a) It improves social skills.
b) It helps people relax responsibly. People say they need to drink to (5) ___ (relax/work), but
c) It causes traffic accidents and violence. they just act and look(6) _____ (intelligent/stupid). Their
face goes (7) ___ (red/blue), and they can’t walk in a (8)
3. What does the author think would happen if ___ (straight/crooked) line. Alcohol is also the most (9)
alcohol were banned? ___ (damaging/helpful) drug in society.
a) People would become more creative.
b) People would be healthier, richer, and have a Alcohol causes many illnesses, traffic accidents, fights, and
better family life. domestic violence. Banning alcohol brings multiple
c) People would find other substances to drink. benefits. life will be (10) ___ (healthier/sicker) and it will
enable a better family life.

10. healthier 5. relax

9. damaging 4. hangovers
3. b 8. straight 3. years
2. c 7. red 2. headache

22
1. c 6. stupid 1. disgusting
Answer Part A Answer Part B
 a conclusion

Make a Strong Conclusion #1 Tips & Tricks

If you’ve described how motorcyclist did not Use strong word for a conclusion
wear helmet and ride dangerously. State your comment clearly
Summarise the course with a point
Motorcyclist sometimes behave irresponsibly on
the road.

End with a Strong Comment #2 To Summarise with a Point #3

Describe the future, what is expected of them Burglaries could be prevented if they
remember to lock the windows and door
All road users should obey the traffic law in before going out.
order to make everyone safe on the road.
Burglaries may happen due to carelessness.

23
 a conclusion
Make a Strong Conclusion (restate the main idea)
Smoking has several effects on teeth and oral health, including tooth staining, increased risk of gum
disease and tooth loss, and a higher risk of oral cancer.

Smoking .........................................................................................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

End with a Strong Comment (emphasize the importance of the topic)

In Malaysia, shoplifting, or theft from a retail shop, can lead to imprisonment for up to seven years, a fine,
or both, with harsher penalties for repeat offenses.

Shoplifting ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

To Summarise with a Point (show why it matters)

Drug abuse in Malaysia shows a huge increment in youth addiction. Youth substance abuse cases had
increased from 18,417 in 2018 to 18,986 cases in 2019. Over that period, an increase of around three
percent per year occurred in youth drug addictions.

In short, drug abuse ..............................................................................................................................................................................................

............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ .
24
Crime Prevention Among Youth
Question: Discuss ways to prevent youth from committing crime

(Provide / Arrange) recreational and

volunteer opportunities

(Increase / Enlarge) community involvement

(Spread / Broaden) positive media messages

(Create / Start) a positive peer support

(Build / Establish) a caring family or adult

25
**Always start your ideas with a suitable verb
 Crime Prevention Among Youth
Question: expand the words to construct sentences correctly
1. - provide - education - poor family

...............................................................................................................................................................................................

2. - enlarge - circle of friendship

...............................................................................................................................................................................................

3. - spread - positive - social media

...............................................................................................................................................................................................

4. - start - positive - community

...............................................................................................................................................................................................

5. - build - caring - society

...............................................................................................................................................................................................

6. - join - healthy - activities -

26
...............................................................................................................................................................................................
 Part 2 Guided Writing
Your class was discussing cyberbullying among teenagers and your teacher has asked you
to write an opinion essay, are punishments for school bullies a good idea?
You should write about these points and give reasons to your points:
the consequences of bullying
how punishments can change the behaviour of cyberbullies
you opinion about having the punishments

Notes for you

the consequences of bullying opinion about having the punishment

The emotional impact of being bullied can be interventions that focus on building a broad range of
devastating for some children. social skills are effective at curbing bullying behavior.

It may result in poor self-esteem, depression, and it is better to address the root cause of bullying
thoughts of suicide.
build an inclusive school culture of respect
Being bullied may also lead a child into becoming a
bully or occupying themselves with getting revenge on provide resource and support for the victims
others.

how punishment can change the behaviour of

cyberbullies

negative punishment discourages unwanted behavior

helps to establish a safe and secure school environment

However, punishments often resulted in more antisocial

behavior. Being punished could increase anxiety levels for
a “bully” and prompt even more unwanted behavior. 27
 Part 2 Guided Writing
Your class was discussing cyberbullying among teenagers and your teacher has asked you
to write an opinion essay, are punishments for school bullies a good idea?
You should write about these points and give reasons to your points:
the consequences of bullying
how punishments can change the behaviour of cyberbullies
you opinion about having the punishments

Write your answer here:

28
Part 3 Extended Writing Write an article addressing the issue of cybercrime
the advantage and disadvantage of social media
how does social media affect crime
preventive measures to combat this issue

Cybercrime: How does Social Media Affect Crime?

Has crime gotten worse for social media over the years? Social media has a lot for advantages and
disadvantages. One of the advantages is social media has helped (1) ______________ crimes and helped us
(2) ______________ with our friends and family all over the world.

However, one of the disadvantages is crime through the (3) ___________, such as cyberbullying,
cyberstalking, identity theft, fraud, and hacking. So many of these crimes can have an (4) _____________ on
a person. Once a person like a young child gets cyberbullied it turns in most cases to (5) _____________.

Cyberstalking a person makes them not want to leave or go anywhere because they are (6)
_______________ for their life. Identity theft is a big part on social media because we put out our (7)
________________ thinking nothing of it until we find out someone is using your name. We have a lot of fraud
(scammers) online now that it is hard to prevent when you do not know the signs for a scammer.

Finally, (8) ______________ is the highest crime rate for the web because a “professional” ends up being a
“professional” of never getting caught because the (9) ____________ can not keep up. Furthermore, crimes
on the web have gotten worse over the years because their crimes have always been with us since the day
that we developed the understanding of computers.

Therefore, adults should be watching their children more closely. Taking preventive measure such as
turning on parental control and (10) ________________ access are the starting point to ensure their safety in
the world wide web.
29
Organise the information from
the essay into this chart Cybercrime

Introduction Advantages & Disadvantage of Effect of social media Preventive Measures

social media

30
Unit 7 Media
adapt educational content to engage followers with the
suit individual learning content they created
Artificial Intelligence interests, pace, abilities, and regularly within online
Transformation styles, platform
provide immediate feedback drive social network with
and support. their creativity
enhance engagement &
motivation
Select the
appropriate
empower creators, producers, tools.
and consumers
offer unprecedented levels of
Impact of
personalization, creativity, and
AI to Media
efficiency.
students Influencers

Impact of
Generative AI
Blogs,
e-zines
email provider
social networking sites
AI

Types of
Digital Media

AI: is a set of technologies that enable computers to perform a variety of advanced

functions. ***Precedented: strongest matches
31
 freedom to limited
control own
branding security
BEING A
MEDIA
earn extra
INLFUENCER income, high
prone to
cyber bully
income PROS & CONS
MEDIA
a user on social media who INFLUENCER
has created a content aka Content reduced
flexible
regularly to engage with Professionals privacy
working hour
their followers

has access to a large

audience potential to account can
collaborate with be banned
other brands
share information to
persuade others

drive social media

engagement through their
authenticity and reach.

32
Part 2 Guided Writing Your class was discussing about media influencer. Your teacher asked you to write an article discussing
being a media influencer.
You must write about this:
what is a media influencer?
what is the advantage of being a media influencer?
do you encourage teenagers to earn money through social media platform? Why?

33
 Part 2 Guided Writing
Music and its influence on teenagers.
Say what type of music you like.
Why do you like it?
Explain how important is music in your life.

1. Classic music 3. Importance of music in your life:

I like it because it is harmony that creates tension, music is light improve confidence and resilience
and clear.
eg; Moonlight Sonata, Beethoven
Balik Kampung, Dato’ Sudirman

offer emotional expression, stress relief, cognitive

enhancement, and social connection

2. R&B (Rhythm and Blues)

soulful vocals, smooth rhythms, and emotional lyrics, explore themes of
love, relationships, and heartbreak, with a strong emphasis on groove
and syncopation.

improve health and well-being

34
 When you review something,
provide little background info to the topic. Eg. school
website provides a platform to communicate and connect
with parents and stakeholders.

Describe / explain features

about the school website. What does it provide? What is
good about it? It provides clear menus. The design is
responsive. Plus, it is adaptive to various devices.
It is virtually appealing.

Explain your reasons.

Which other feature should be included?
Multimedia content, eg. photo galleries, virtual tour.
Make it easy for readers to contact with the admin.

Give the right key word:

Comment: It is user friendly, there is
feedback extension. Readers can post a comment .
Recommendation: Encourage more students to use this
platform as a means of communication.
I like the design of the
website. It is engaging
and the information The admin has put so
resonates with the much hard work into
audience. getting this page, and
it really paid off. 35
 Part 2 Review
Your school website has been launched. Tell us about your thought.
What do you like about the website?
What other features should be included? Give us some ideas.
Do you think it is user friendly? Why?

[Link] inclusive of multimedia content, eg. photo galleries, virtual tours.

purpose/mdm-chokies-classes interactive elements - eg: showcase student work, post
well-designed school website - communication bridge between school assignment, share classroom news, events registration.
and the stakeholders. secure parent portal - access to their child’ academic progress.
clear menus, concise content, responsive design, adaptive to various
devices (handphone, laptop and desktop mode)
Begin your review from this sentence:
Recently, my English teacher shared with us her classroom
website.

36
37
Part 1: Short Communicative Message Content:
Communicative Achievement:
Now, write your email in replying to Bianca.
Organization:
Remember to use the writing guidelines to improve your email.
Language:

G.A.T.E.S
Greeting

Answer the Tasks

Tell Me More

Example

Sign Off

38
 Discussion: Is your vacation ruining the planet?
Note Taking
Deforestations destroy natural depletion of natural
habitat of endangered animals resources
increase protected zone/areas

8-10% of emission of global CO2 (carbon footprint)

is caused by travel and tourism industry, climate
slow down things will reduce carbon footprint,
spend longer time at a place to soak in the surrounding.
change
Is Travelling
bad for
Environment?
construction of hotels and recreational sewage,
lead to increased sewage pollution, plastic pollution
increased of reusable items

*Great Pacific Garbage Patch

The Great Pacific Garbage Patch is a collection of marine
increased amount of waste in popular destruction of debris in the North Pacific Ocean. Also known as the

tourist spots. Say no to plastic items nature and Pacific trash vortex, the garbage patch is actually two
habitat loss distinct collections of debris bounded by the massive
North Pacific Subtropical Gyre.

[Link]
pacific-garbage-patch/
destroy coral bays, tourist boating and
snorkeling add to trash threat, ocean health
*Great Pacific Garbage Patch
wear reef-safe sunscreen

39
Part 2 Guided Writing Your class was discussing about the travelling experience. Your teacher has asked you
to write an article discussing “Is Your Travelling Bad for Environment”
You must write about this:
where did you go and with whom did you travel with?
is travelling bad for the environment? Why?
suggest one way to reduce waste during traveling.

Sentence Expanding: add your own subject and verb to form correct sentence.

1. Last week - Kota Kinabalu - family 7. travelling - bad - effects

.......................................................................................................................................... ..........................................................................................................................................

2. travelling - bad - environment 8. construction - hotels - sewage pollution

......................................................................................................................................... .........................................................................................................................................

3. destroy - natural habitat - endangered species 9. recycle centers - rubbish and waste
......................................................................................................................................... .........................................................................................................................................

4. travel around - carbon footprint - 10. snorkeling - synthetic sunscreen - coral bays
......................................................................................................................................... .........................................................................................................................................

5. emission - carbon dioxide - world temperature 11. plastic items - waste

.......................................................................................................................................... ..........................................................................................................................................

6. own bottle - disposable things. 12. vehicles - carbon monoxide

.......................................................................................................................................... ..........................................................................................................................................
40
Part 2 Guided Writing

Do you think travelling is bad for environment? Why?

What are the impacts of this activity to the nature?
What is your advice to the traveler?

Is Travelling Bad for the Environment?

Traveling offers many benefits, such as increase knowledge about the world, relaxation, and adventure.
However, I think it can have significant environmental impacts.
C1
C2dioxide accelerates
First and foremost air travel, for instance, contributes to carbon emissions. Carbon
climate change. According to research, average of carbon footprint is 4 tons annually.

Additionally, tourism can strain local resources, leading to water shortages and habitat destruction.
Popular destinations often suffer from overcrowding, causing pollution and damage to natural landscapes. C3

Although eco-friendly travel options are available, they are not always feasible or affordable for everyone.
Thus, while traveling can enrich our lives, it's crucial to consider its environmental costs. My advice to the
travelers is making conscious choices. I mean consider reducing air travel, supporting sustainable tourism,
and respecting local ecosystems. Surely we can mitigate some of the negative impacts.

C4
In conclusion, balancing the desire to explore with the need to protect our planet is essential for
responsible travel.

Language: (use of non common lexis) Sentence Structure:

feasible - possible to do easily Variety of sentence patterns varying from simple,
sustainable - able to be maintained at certain rate or level complex and compound sentences
mitigate - make something less severe Cohesive Device: 41
However, First and foremost, additionally, thus, in
conclusion,
Organise the information from
the essay into this chart

Is Travelling Bad for Environment?

What’s your opinion? Impact of Travelling 1 Impact of Travelling 2 Your advice

42
 Part 3 Extended Writing TRAVELLING REVIEW WANTED!
Our travelling magazine is calling for review about your trip to a local destination.
Tell us about the place and the location of your visit.
What are the attractions?
Why would you recommend this place?
The best review would be published in our monthly magazine

Sarawak Cultural Village - pleasantly surprised - a living

museum - nestled under Mount Santubong - seven
cultural houses on display - seven indigenous tribes -
cultural dances performance - blow a blowpipe - cultural
performance theater - entrance fee for MyCard holder
RM90 - portray unity of the society

43
44
Part 3 Extended Writing
RESTAURANT REVIEW WANTED!
Write a restaurant review and highlight the food quality served.
What’s their specialty and would you recommend it to your friends? Why!

name of the restaurant: what’s their specialty?

food quality:

would you recommend it your friends? Why?

description of the food:

price:

45
Paris usually welcomes around 12 million visitors
between July and August, whereas the Paris
tourism office expects to welcome 15.3 million
tourists during the Olympic Games.
source on 4 Aug 2024 Apart from Kuala Lumpur,
two Malaysian states – Penang and
Sarawak – have agreed to co-host the
2027 SEA Games. Opening in
Kuching.

There are a variety of estimates

as to travel and tourism's impact on
carbon emissions, but a recent study puts
the industry's impact at 8% of global
carbon emissions.

Sarawak Tourism Board held the

annual Rainforest World Musical Festival
(RWMF) grew from 300 attendance in
2005 to 26k in 2024
46
 Unit 10 Where on Earth?

Arctic Ocean

Europe
North Asia
America
Atlantic
Ocean
Pacific Ocean
Pacific Ocean Africa
South
America
Australia
Indian Ocean

47
Antarctica
Graphic WRITING Organizer Use the information in p.49 and write about these places.

Georgetown heritage site

Last week, I went to Georgetown in Penang. Georgetown is a Unesco Heritage Site in Malaysia.
It is the best ______________________________________________________________________________________________ .
It has multitude of heritage trades and arts. We were amazed by the ____________________________________
________________________________ which is a reflection of diverse communities in Penang.

mount kinabalu malacca

Kinabalu Park, which is situated in the State of I went to Malacca to do a school project with my
Sabah, is dominated by Mount Kinabalu. It is the classmates. This place showcases a unique blend of
________________________ in Southeast Asia. It is a _________________________________________________________
popular climbing spot for climbers. You need to influences. We can see the evidence of the diverse culture
be overall fit, healthy and preferably not afraid in its building, St Paul Church, Baba and Nyonya Heritage
of heights for this expedition. Museum and A Famosa. A Famosa is an evidence that
Malacca was once conquered by the _____________________ .

mulu cave
During the weekend, my father took us for an adventure. Mulu National Park is in _________________________. It
has and unpredictable rainforest weather. My father took me to a physically challenging trekking. This trail has
2 loops which leads to Deer Cave, which is the ______________________________ in the world. The tour is timed to
coincide with the ____________________, where where millions of bats, specifically wrinkle-lipped free-tailed bats.48
 Georgetown
Heritage Site To date, there are four World Heritage Sites in Malaysia.
Two are classified as cultural and two as natural. Some MULU
may say it is actually five sites, as Georgetown and NATIONAL PARK
Malacca are listed under one category, as 'Historical
Cities Along the Straits of Malacca'.
The George Town UNESCO World Heritage Site features
Malaysia's best restored and re-adaptive traditional
architecture as well as a multitude of heritage trades and
arts. The world-renowned 'Street of Harmony' reflects the
influence of the diverse communities that have made Penang
7 JULY 2008 their home. PENANG

Kinabalu Park, in the State of

Sabah on the northern end of
UNESCO MUL U CAV E
WORLD
200 0
the island of Borneo, is

HERITAGE SITES
dominated by Mount Kinabalu
(4,095 m), the highest
mountain between the
Himalayas and New Guinea.
IN MALAYSIA
WHAT’S WORLD
MOUNT KINABALU HERITAGE SITES?
2000 World Heritage is the designation for
places on Earth that are of
outstanding universal value to
humanity MULU CAVE
It’s a historical site, a building, or an
area of the unspoilt natural Gunung Mulu National Park, on the island of
environment, considered to be Borneo in the State of Sarawak, is the most
important to a country or area's studied tropical karst area in the world.
heritage. second biggest cave in the world, bat exodus

MALACCA 8
St Paul Church: A historic church with a significant colonial past.
A Famosa: A Portuguese fortress ruin.
7 JULY 200 Malacca River: A historic landmark that was once a vital trade route.
49
Jonker Street: A famous street known for its night market and
diverse food stalls.
(A) MULU CAVE: UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE SITE
Gunung Mulu National Park is justifiably famous for its limestone karst formations, some of the
most spectacular caves on earth. Mulu is home to the world's largest underground chamber (the
Sarawak Chamber), the world's largest cave passage (Deer Cave) and the longest cave in Southeast
Asia (Clearwater Cave). Gunung Mulu National Park is an area of exceptional natural beauty, with
striking primary forest, karst terrain, mountains, waterfalls and the largest caves on earth. Sarawak
Chamber, the largest cave chamber in the world, stretches 600 m in length by 415 m wide and 80
m high. With a volume of 12 million cubic meters and an unsupported roof span of 300 m, this
chamber dwarfs any other large chamber so far discovered. Deer Cave at 120 to 150 m in diameter
is the largest cave passage in the world known at the present time and the Clearwater Cave
System holds the world record as the longest cave in Asia at 110 km of mapped and explored
passages.

(B) OUTSTANDING UNIVERSAL VALUE

Gunung Mulu National Park, situated in the Malaysian State of Sarawak on the island of Borneo,
is outstanding both for its high biodiversity and for its karst features. The park is dominated by
Gunung Mulu, a 2,376 m-high sandstone pinnacle and the property is the most studied tropical
karst area in the world. The geological Melinau Formation contains a remarkable concentration
of caves, revealing a geological history of over more than 1.5 million years. High in endemism,
Gunung Mulu National Park provides significant natural habitat for a wide range of plant and
animal species, both above and below ground. The 52,865 ha park contains seventeen
vegetation zones, exhibiting some 3,500 species of vascular plants. Its palm species are
exceptionally rich, with 109 species in twenty genera recorded, making it one of the worlds
richest sites for palm species. Providing protection for a substantial area of Borneo’s primary
tropical forest and a home for a high diversity of species, including many endemics and
threatened species, the large cave passages and chambers provide a major wildlife spectacle in
terms of millions of cave swiftlets and bats.
50
(C) NATURAL BEAUTY
The property provides significant scientific opportunities to study theories on the origins of cave fauna
with over 200 species recorded, including many troglobitic species and it displays outstanding
examples of ongoing ecological and biological processes. Seventeen vegetation zones have been
identified along with their diverse associated fauna. Some 3,500 species of plants, 1,700 mosses and
liverworts and over 4,000 species of fungi have been recorded within the property. There are 20,000
species of invertebrates, 81 species of mammals, 270 species of birds, 55 species of reptiles, 76 species
of amphibians and 48 species of fish. The property supports one of the richest assemblages of flora to
be found in any area of comparable size in the world. Deer Cave alone has one of the largest colonies in
the world of free tailed bats, Chaerephon plicata at over 3 million. This one cave also has the largest
number of different species of bats to be found in a single cave. Several million cave swiftlets
(Aerodramus sp.) have been recorded from one cave system, constituting the largest colony in the
world. Many species of fauna are endemic and 41 species are included on the endangered species list.

(D) PROTECTION AND MANAGEMENT REQUIREMENTS

Formally gazetted and constituted in 1974, the protection and management of Gunung Mulu
National Park is fully backed by the National Parks and Nature Reserves Ordinance of 1998 and
its subsidiary legislation, the National Parks and Nature Reserves Regulations of 1999. The
Ordinance inter alia specifies the type of activities and developments that are allowed inside
the boundaries of the national park, the various acts that constitute offences, the penalties
applicable, and the process that has to be followed in dealing with such offences. The
Regulations specify the prescriptions for carrying out the provisions of the principal Ordinance,
for example Part III (C) of the Regulations has a specific section that deals with measures for
the protection and management of caves. Gunung Mulu National Park is under the prime
responsibility of the State of Sarawak for management and protection. Management plans have
been developed for the property and implementation has been effective.
51
WRITING LONG SENTENCES
A: Linking contrasting ideas
1 My mother was born in Spain. She can’t speak Spanish.

2 Chinese is a difficult language. Many people are learning Chinese.

B: Linking similar ideas

3 Sarawak natives weave Penan basket for living. The Ibans do bead work.

4 Many Bidayuh youngsters love Danzu Kuduro music. They love singing.

C: Create sentimental effects

5 Mount Kinabalu is the checklist for climbers. Designed for the brave
and active with above-average fitness levels. Kinabalu’s steep terrain is
challenging. The mountain’s quick elevation gain will push you to your
limits.

52
Unit 11
High Tech World

Hydrogen Bus
Hydrogen Bus
Technology Solutions
Technology Solutions What is KUTS

As Sarawak aspires to become a developed and high-income State by 2030, a

reliable transport system is vital in mobilising greater productivity and economic
growth.

Sarawak Metro is implementing the Kuching Urban Transportation System (KUTS)

project to minimise traffic congestion on the city’s roads while spurring productivity
and economic growth.

These hydrogen-powered buses are intended to support first- and last-mile

connectivity for the Autonomous Rapid Transit (ART) network under the Kuching
Urban Transportation System (KUTS)
53
 Article Writing Public Transportation
Public Transportation in
in Our
Our Lives
Lives
describe public transportation system in your state
explain the benefits of using the public transport
suggest one way public transport could be improved

Describe: In Sarawak that I live, public transportation plays an (1) ______________________ in helping
people get around. As Sarawak aims to become a developed and (2) _______________________.
Therefore a reliable transport system is vital in (3) _______________ greater productivity and
economic growth.

Benefits: One of the benefits of using public transport is that it (4) ____________________________. If
more people take the bus instead of driving, the roads become less crowded. It’s also
better for the environment because fewer cars mean (5) ____________________ . Another
benefit is the cost—taking a bus is much cheaper than owning a car. This means citizens
could spare money for other expenses.

Way to To improve public transport, I think the state government should invest in (6) ________
improve: _______________. For example user friendly (7) ____________________ for hydrogen bus not only
saves the time of queuing at the ticket counter, it also upgrades the living quality of the
urban dwellers. Not only so, it will create a greener (8) ___________________ for everybody to
live in.

54
 Article Writing Public Transportation
Public Transportation in
in Our
Our Lives
Lives
Beginner
describe (menghuraikan sistem pengangkutan awam) public transportation system in your state
explain (menjelaskan kebaikan menggunakan P.A.) the benefits of using the public transport
suggest (mencadangkan 1 cara penambahbaikan) one way public transport could be improved

Describe: In Sarawak that I live, public transportation plays an (1) ______________________ in helping
people get around. As Sarawak aims to become more (2) _______________ , therefore a good
transport system is (3) __________________ .

Benefits: One of the benefits of using public transport is that it (4) ____________________________. If
Kebaikan more people take the bus instead of driving, the roads become less crowded. It’s also
better for the environment because fewer cars mean (5) ____________________ . Another
benefit is the cost—taking a bus is much cheaper than owning a car. This means citizens
could spare money for other expenses.

To improve public transport, I think the state government should invest in (6) ________
Way to _______________. For example user friendly (7) ____________________ for hydrogen bus not only
improve:
Cara utk saves the time of queuing at the ticket counter, it also upgrades the living quality of the
menambah-
baikan citizens. Not only so, it will create a greener (8) ___________________ for us.

alternative create more routes to 55

energy bus ride-sharing apps bring people to places
 Article Writing Public Transportation
Public Transportation in
in Our
Our Lives
Lives
Beginner
describe (menghuraikan sistem pengangkutan awam) public transportation system in your state
explain (menjelaskan kebaikan menggunakan P.A.) the benefits of using the public transport
suggest (mencadangkan 1 cara penambahbaikan) one way public transport could be improved
important role
(peranan penting)
Describe: In Sarawak that I live, public transportation plays an (1) ______________________ in helping
people get around. As Sarawak aims to become more (2) developed (maju/membangun)
___________________________ ,
essential (keperluan) .
therefore a good transport system is (3) ___________________________
reduces traffic jam
One of the benefits of using public transport is that it (4)(mengurangkan kesasakan trafik)
_______________________________.
Benefits: If more people take the bus instead of driving, the roads become less crowded. It’s also
less cars
Kebaikan better for the environment because fewer cars mean (5) ____________________ . Another
benefit is the cost—taking a bus is much cheaper than owning a car. This means citizens
could spare money for other expenses.
alternative
To improve public transport, I think the state government should invest in (6) ________
energy bus For example user friendly (7) ride-sharing
Way to _______________. apps for hydrogen bus not only
____________________
improve: saves the time of queuing at the ticket counter, it also upgrades the living quality of the
Cara utk
environment for us.
menambah- citizens. Not only so, it will create a greener (8) ___________________
baikan

alternative create more routes to 56

energy bus ride-sharing apps bring people to places
 Article Writing Public Transportation
Public Transportation in
in Our
Our Lives
Lives
Intermediate
describe public transportation system in your state
explain the benefits of using the public transport
suggest one way public transport could be improved

Describe: important role in helping

In Sarawak that I live, public transportation plays an (1) ______________________
high income state.
people get around. As Sarawak aims to become a developed and (2) _______________________.
moving
Therefore a reliable transport system is vital in (3) _______________ greater productivity and
economic growth.

Benefits: reduces traffic jam

One of the benefits of using public transport is that it (4) ____________________________. If
more people take the bus instead of driving, the roads become less crowded. It’s also
less cars
better for the environment because fewer cars mean (5) ____________________ . Another
benefit is the cost—taking a bus is much cheaper than owning a car. This means citizens
could spare money for other expenses.
alternative
Way to To improve public transport, I think the state government should invest in (6) ________
energy bus For example user friendly (7) ride-sharing
improve: _______________. apps for hydrogen bus not only
____________________
saves the time of queuing at the ticket counter, it also upgrades the living quality of the
environment for everybody to
urban dwellers. Not only so, it will create a greener (8) ___________________
live in.

alternative create more routes to 57

energy bus ride-sharing apps bring people to places
 OVER CONGESTED?
EXPERT SAYS
hydrogen fueling stations are popping up around the
world, and they’re here to stay. Everyday it’s becoming
more clear. The public is ready for zero-emissions, and
the realities of climate change demand it.
While battery electric vehicles get a lot of attention,
hydrogen fuel cell vehicles will play a key role in our
zero-emission future. Fuel cell technology is proven,
reliable, and effective in many applications—especially
ones that require long range and demanding duty cycles
with minimum downtime, like: cars, especially in a
“sharing” environment transit buses, and trucks and
trains.
So hydrogen is essentially the key to our future as it will
become a decisive factor for ensuring a steady energy
supply. It can replace fossil fuels across the board,
including energy-intensive industries. Hydrogen is
produced in electrolyzers.

WILL HYDROGEN FUEL REPLACE ELECTRIC?

That's true to an extent, but hydrogen-powered cars are
not really expected to replace EVs. Instead, hydrogen is
intended to complement pure-electric power, and there's
a good reason for this: it is the cleanest fuel possible.

58
 A Mind Map is a visual tool used to
represent ideas and concepts in a
structured diagrammatic format. Mind
maps usually start with a main
concept or idea placed in the center of
the diagram, and from there, branches
connecting related ideas are drawn
out from the main concept.

ADVANTAGES
OF
A.R.T

SARAWAK’S HYDROGEN BUS

59
Advantages of
Hydrogen Bus
Zero Emissions
Hydrogen fuel cell buses produce only water vapor as a byproduct, unlike traditional
fossil fuel buses which emit harmful pollutants and greenhouse gases.

Environmental Benefits
The use of hydrogen fuel cells aligns with Sarawak's broader goal of promoting a
green economy and leveraging the renewable energy sector.

Longer Range and Faster Refueling

Hydrogen fuel cell buses generally have a longer range than electric buses and can
be refueled faster, making them suitable for longer routes and frequent use.

Quiet Operation
Hydrogen fuel cell buses operate more quietly than traditional diesel buses,
contributing to a better urban environment.

60
 Speaking _Discussion

create numerous job opportunities

reduces the number of vehicles
in various sectors, including
on the road, leading to less air
construction, engineering, and Job Air pollution and improved air
operation and maintenance.
creation pollution quality.

provides mobility for people

who may not have access to Advantages Fewer cars on the
private vehicles, such as Mobility & of Traffic road mean less
traffic, saving
low-income individuals, the
accessibility Public congestion commuters time and
elderly, and those with
disabilities Transport reducing stress.

buses, trains, and trams, carries

By reducing the number of Carbon Lower more passengers than individual
cars, meaning fewer vehicles
private vehicles, public
transport contributes to a
footprint emission are needed to transport the
smaller carbon footprint and same number of people.
less greenhouse gas emissions reduces carbon emissions by
45% compared to driving alone

61
Speaking _Discussion

create _______________________
reduce _____________________
support _____________________
improve _____________________
boost ________________________ Job Air
creation pollution

provide ________________
save _________________ Advantages less cars give ____________

Mobility & of Traffic save ___________________

maintain ________________
accessibility Public congestion
Transport

reduce ____________________ Carbon Lower reduce ___________________________

improve __________________________
therefore ___________________
footprint emission

62
 UNIT 12 HAPPY TO HELP
FOOD CHARITY
Food charities work to
rescue edible food that
FRIDAY
CHARITY
would otherwise go to
waste and distribute it to
people in need

A day where people can come together and make a

positive impact on their community. One way to do
MEDICINE this is through charity work.

CHARITY
Medicine and charity are
two intertwined concepts
that have been
instrumental in improving
the health and wellbeing
of millions of people
around the world.

HOMELESS
CHARITY
These charities offer a
range of services for the
homeless, including
providing food, shelter,
and clothing.

63
Short Communicative Message
Question:
You received an email from your cousin who is organising a charity event for the village.
Hi Sheela, Helping words/phrases

I need your help in getting things in shape for me. Which charitable organization should orphanage / old folk home
we focus on? What activity will be the best option? How should we go about it? Please
give me a checklist to ensure smooth running of the event. read along / sing along
Thank you.

From, story telling / spring cleaning

Charlene
colouring / chess competition

trophy / presents

photo & videographing

proper budget & planning

form an organizing committee

approval letter

appreciation cards

show kindness to the others

building a caring society

64
Listen a Minute: Divorce Listen a Minute: Homelessness

Choose the correct answer. Choose the correct answer

1.. What is one reason the author gives for the rising divorce rates? 1. What does the author suggest about governments' financial priorities?
A) People are getting married at younger ages. A) They waste money on unnecessary luxuries while neglecting
B) Divorce has become more socially acceptable and easier to obtain. homelessness.
C) Financial problems have made marriage less sustainable. B) They spend more on helping the homeless than on weapons.
C) They lack the resources to address homelessness effectively.
2. How does the author contrast the perception of divorce today with
that of the past? 2. How does the author describe the attitude of governments toward
A) Divorce was seen as a personal failure in the past, but now it is homelessness?
common. A) They actively seek solutions to end homelessness.
B) People used to encourage divorce, but now they strongly oppose it. B) They openly acknowledge the problem but struggle to solve it.
C) The process of getting divorced has remained unchanged over time. C) They try to ignore or hide the problem from public view.

3. What concern does the author express about the impact of divorce? 3. Why does the author believe homelessness should not exist today?
A) It causes significant financial hardship for both partners. A) Governments are wealthy enough to provide for all citizens.
B) Children suffer the most when a divorce becomes complicated. B) Modern technology has eliminated the causes of homelessness.
C) People no longer believe in marriage as an institution. C) Homeless people have more opportunities now than in the past.

4. What does the author suggest people should do before getting 4. What is the author's reaction to the world's richest countries spending
married? billions on weapons?
A) Ensure they are financially stable before committing. A) It is a necessary expense for national security.
B) Consider the possibility of multiple marriages. B) It is justified because national defense comes first.
C) Think more carefully before making the decision. C) It is shameful, as that money could help the homeless instead.
D) It is unrelated to the issue of homelessness.

65
1. B 2. A 3. B 4. B 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. C
Divorce Homelessness
Part 3 Extended Writing
Your class has been discussing about the issue of married women and their careers. Your class teacher
has asked you to write an essay on it. In your essay, you should write about:
Your opinion on women quitting their career to raise their family
reasons for your advice
appropriate introduction and conclusion

In my opinion, the decision for women to leave their careers to Ultimately, the decision should be a matter of personal choice
raise a family is a deeply personal one. They are mainly influenced rather than societal pressure. Policies like flexible work schedules,
by personal values financial strength. Some view this choice as a paid parental leave, and childcare support can empower women to
sacrifice, while others see it as an investment in family life. make the best decisions for their families and careers. Respecting
Regardless of perspective, it is essential to recognize that both diverse choices ensures that women are not forced into roles they
career and family hold immense value, and no one path is superior do not desire but are instead supported in whichever path they
to the other. choose.

For many women, leaving the workforce allows them to In conclusion, women’s empowerment lies in having the
dedicate time to their children’s upbringing. Becoming a stay at freedom to decide their own future—whether in the workplace, at
home mom would ensure their emotional and intellectual home, or both.
development. Studies suggest that parental involvement in early
childhood significantly shapes a child's future. Therefore, women
who prioritize family life often find great fulfillment in witnessing
their children’s growth and milestones firsthand.

However, stepping away from a career comes with challenges.

Women may face financial dependence, and difficulty reentering
the workforce later. Society sometimes undervalues unpaid
domestic labor, despite its crucial role in shaping future
generations. In contrast, some women balance work and family,
demonstrating that career success and motherhood are not
mutually exclusive.
Now, practise extracting the main ideas and
supporting details and write the answer in p.61
66
 HAMBURGER PARAGRAPH
HAMBURGER PARAGRAPH WRITING
WRITING
TOPIC SENTENCE

DETAIL #1

ELABORATION

EXAMPLE

DETAIL #2

ELABORATION

EXAMPLE

CLOSING SENTENCE 67
*The secret to making a good burger is the sauce. It is the cohesive devices in an essay. Using them appropriately ensures a juicier burger. All the best!
 Reading Sub Skills
Inference Conclusion
Susan woke up when the rooster crowed. She lit a
A pet storeowner noticed a strange thing. He found candle. She then built a fire in the fireplace and
that he could tell when the country was having cooked a good and warm breakfast. When John
good times or bad. He looked at what kind of dogs woke up, he went to gather more firewood and also
people wanted to buy. People bought small dogs brough water from the well. After his breakfast,
when they had enough money. People bought big John walked the horses to the fields to plough.
dogs when they felt sad or needed protection.
Higher Skill

Q: From this passage, you can tell __________________

Q: Which of the sentences is probably true? A Susan and John plough the fields together.
A People bought big dogs during bad times B Susan and John have six children.
B Pet storeowners do not like big dogs C Susan and John probably live on a farm.
C People bought big dogs during good times D Susan and John have many cows.
D Dogs make better pets than cats do.

Identify Main Idea Contextual Clue

Scientist have made a machine that has hands Living stones are desert plants. They are (a) ______
and eyes. This machine can see and feel. How to Africa. Some living stones grow under the sand.
Only parts of their leaves are exposed to the sun.
does it work? The machine sees through a camera.
Others look like small rocks until they flower.
The camera moves and it remembers what it sees.
the machine feels by touching things with its
metal arm. The wires in the arm can tell if things Q: Choose the best word to complete (a)_____

Lower Skill
are hard or soft.
A kind
Q: The passage mainly tells _________________. B native
A why machines have hands and eyes C little
B who made a special machine D second
C when scientists made this machine
D how a machine sees and feels 68
 Descriptive Writing Tips & Tricks: 5S Strategy
Main Idea Supporting Detail 1 Supporting Detail 2 Supporting Detail 3
SCENE white and enormous.
It means telling the readers Suba Buan was a built on a riverbank of clear water that
where they are in the first peaceful village ran along a bed of
paragraph. polished stones

Focus on the mood you want to create Focus on the sound of the falling rain GREAT to create atmosphere AVOID giving too much information
SPECIFIC
To create vivid imagination The smell of laksa The rain was pattering The morning breeze They were looking for
To form detailed mental filled the car as we on the rooftop making welcomed me with her fish to eat. My brother
picture to create atmosphere happily headed to our deafening sound, I was gentle whisper, cold and was sleeping in the car. I
destination. scared to be alone. refreshing. was playing my phone.

Focus one thing at a time Fast Pace to show excitement Slow pace to show sentiment Use of Direct Speech to make character alive
SELECTIVE
To be used efficiently and not The teacher was holding Hurriedly I quickened my Slowly she picked it up,
to overwhelm the readers.
exam papers in her hand. step. Nothing there. That’s little did she know that the “You lazy bone. Wake
Going overboard on details
She starred at me sternly. impossible. He was there picture she was holding was up now!” shouted
I was petrified. just now. the last thing she got from mum angrily.
will slow down your narrative (focus on the teacher) him.

Smell Taste Sight Feel

SENSORY The strong aroma of The mountain was
The bittersweet She was too terrified
Use sensory details... the Hi5 coffee enlightened my memory with my late covered by silky smooth that she felt her heart
to create concrete visual day! fog every morning.
image.
mother brought tears to was hammering fast.
my eyes.

Adjective Verb Adjective Verb Similes Personification

SENSES
Be appealing by using
walked in the mud getting up to open the door Depression was consuming My mother was a candle,
VS VS her like a flood water, burning herself out to
metaphor, descriptive verbs destroying the houses and
and active voice trudge in the mud bolts to unlock the door brighten my future.
all that was in it.

69
Wheel of Adjectives Describing Feelings & Emotions

70
 5S Expanding Strategy
Task: Describe a leaf .using the 5S Strategy to create a nostalgic atmosphere

Scene There was a piece of leaf on the ground.

Specific There was a piece of maple leaf on the dry ground.

There was a piece of maple leaf on the dry ground signifying the
Selective
autumn was approaching.

Sensory: There was a piece of maple leaf on the dry ground signifying
Sight/Hear the autumn was approaching. The laughter of my sister
brought tears to my eyes.

There was a piece of maple leaf on the dry ground

Senses: signifying the autumn was approaching. The laughter of my
Adjective verb sister brought tears to my eyes, rolling down my cheeks
profusely

71
 5S Expanding Strategy
Task: Describe an old lady using the 5S Strategy to create a loving mood.

Scene There was a _________________________________________________________________

Specific There was a __________________________________________________________________

There was a ________________________________________________________ showing

Selective
______________________________________________________________________________ .

Sensory: There was a ________________________________________________________ showing

Sight/Hear ______________________________________________________________________________.
______________________________________________________________________________.

Senses: There was a ________________________________________________________ showing

Adjective verb ______________________________________________________________________________.
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________.

72
 Tips & Tricks
Story Writing
1. determine your setting
2. make memorable characters
3. understand the 2 types of conflicts
(internal and external)
What is the most exciting part / 4. give your plot a twist
tension of the story 5. recreate natural dialogue
How did the problem occur? 6. articulate voice through point of
How is the problem solved?
view

What is the subject matter

doing/being?
What is the What is the solution?
problem/conflict? Create a sense of finality
What is the cause of the
problem? 03. Climax

Who were the characters?

When did the story take place?02. Rising
Art or
STORY WRITING
04. Falling Action
Where did the story happen? Action How do you feel?
anecdotal, experiential, and What is the lesson learned?
personal—allowing students Wrap up the story with a
to express themselves in a positive note.
creative and, quite often,
moving ways.
05. Resolution 73
01. Introduction
 CLIMAX

Soon my kindness was challenged. My

notorious cousin made a silly face about
my necktie. He knew how much I despite
the gift but he added salt to my wound.
“Polka dots boy!” He yelled.
“ If you wear that cute necktie of FALLING ACTION
RISING ACTION yours to class party. I swear you’ll become
the fame in the whole school” Simon teased
in hyena’s laughter. My rage was inflamed!
With a hand in my left pocket, I headed to Simon’s
On my tenth birthday, my grandparents direction. All of a sudden, the living room was in pitched-dark.
gave me the ugliest necktie I had ever seen. For a moment I didn’t know where I was. After that Happy
It was large, bright yellow polka dots. It was Birthday song was sung echoing the music. Lo and behold,
about fourteen inches long. It was one of those Uncle James was pushing the food trolley towards me. The
fashionable clip-on ties that no need tying. room was soon dimmed by the candles on the cake.
When I fastened it to my shirt, it hung from “Keep the lizard out of the cake.” Uncle James whispered to
my neck like a cowbell. When I put on the tie, me.
they said in tune to each other, “that’s our “You don’t want to catch the lizard in the cake, do you?”
grandson!” I was flushed with embarrassment and surprise. He has
Story skilfully turned a potential disaster into a surprise cake
cutting ceremony.

INTRODUCTION
mapping RESOLUTIONS

Question:
Write a story beginning with the line:
As I entered my parents’ room, the “As I entered my parents’ room,”
old photograph reminded me of the good I waited anxiously for the wish-making.
old times. It was an occasion when they Your story must include: Apparently, the wish was about Uncle James
threw me a surprise party at my 10 year- an element of surprise not to reveal the secret, our secret. When I
old birthday. There were presents stacking description of the incident was about to cut the cake, but Uncle James
on the table next to the icing fruit cake plastered icing on my cheek. It was delicious.
mum had baked. Standing in the middle Then we all had a good laugh. That night I
was the birthday boy smiling from ear to felt extremely happy despite the polka dots
ear. tie and rubber lizard.

74
Story Mapping
Story Mapping 1
Your story must include:
1
description of the object
how the object brought disaster to James
how did James try to destroy it

Climax 4

3 Falling Action

“As he
“As was
he was
2 walking home,
walking home,
James stumbled
James
5
stumbled
upon aa
upon
Rising black object.”
black
1 object.” Resolution
Action

Introduction

75
Story Writing
Story Writing 1
1

76
Story Mapping
Story Mapping 2
2
Your story must include:
explain why Henry’s journey was interrupted
describe what Henry had to do to arrive at his destination on time.

Climax 4

3 Falling Action

Henry was
excited
2 when he 5

heard ‘Good
afternoon
Rising passengers.’
1
Resolution
Action

Introduction

77
Story Writing
Story Writing 2
2

78
 "The secret of your success is
determined by your daily agenda."
- John C. Maxwell -

79