Topic number 1.

Physical and technical bases of different

ray methods.

Structure and principle of operation of equipment for ultrasound, X-ray, MRI and
radionuclide (invito and invitro) research. The advantages and disadvantages of
each method. Indications and contraindications. Means of obtaining diagnostic
information, processing and presentation. Radio diagnostic equipment: X-ray
machines, radiometers, radiography , scanners, scintillation gamma camera
emission (SPECT and PET) gamma camera, ultrasonic devices. Computing in
radionuclide studies. Computer Software. The virtual image

Topic number 2.
X-ray methods.

X-ray Photography.

By X-ray studies: radiography, fluoroscopy, planar imaging, fluorography. The

advantages and disadvantages of each method. Indications and contraindications of
a radiological method of study.

Principles of X-ray image acquisition methods (source and detector radiation);

assignment methods - study of the morphology (or) function; contraindications for
execution; projections and sections of the study. Basics of X-ray . Natural and
artificial contrast. Contrast material. Indications for use. Construction of the
clinical and radiological diagnosis.
 Topic number 3.
CT. Ultrasonic methods.

The principles of image acquisition during the CT scan; assignment method;

contraindications for execution; Natural and artificial contrast. Contrast material.
Indications for use. Construction of the clinical and radiological diagnosis.

Ultrasonic (USD) - basic techniques. The advantages and disadvantages of each

ultrasound technique. Indications and contraindications for their conduct. Doppler.
Normal ultrasound anatomy. Ultrasound imaging: semiotics of the internal organs.

The principles of image acquisition in ultrasound methods (source and detector

radiation); natural and artificial staining; assignment methods - study of the
morphology (or) function; contraindications for execution; sections of the study.

Topic number 4.
Radionuclide and magnetic resonance

methods.

Principles of an image in radionuclide methods (source and detector radiation);

assignment methods - studying the function or (and) function and morphology;
contraindications to perform projections and sections of the study. Methodology
for functional radionuclide diagnosis: clinical radiometry, clinical radiography,
dynamic scintigraphy. Methods of radionuclide imaging in the diagnosis: scan
statistic scintigraphy , Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT)
and positron emission tomography (PET). Methods of in vitro diagnostic
radionuclide (RIA, Irma, radio receptor analysis). Radio immunological studies in
diseases of various organs and body systems. The advantages and disadvantages of
 each method. Indications and contraindications for a particular radionuclide
method of investigation.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Basics of MRI diagnostics. The use of

contrast agents. The advantages and disadvantages of this method. Indications and
contraindications for MRI. The principles of acquiring images at magnetic
resonance research methods (source and detector radiation); natural and artificial
staining; assignment methods - study of the morphology (or) function;
contraindications for execution; sections of the study.

Topic number 5.
Drawing algorithm radiation studies of the chest and abdomen, urogenital system.

Algorithm ray examination of the chest cavity. Lungs: fluorography, fluoroscopy,

etnografia (laying) imaging, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging,
perfusion and inhalation scintigraphy, solography. Principles of an image (source
and detector radiation); natural and artificial staining; assignment methods -
studied the morphology (or) function; contraindications for execution; projections
and sections study the advantages and disadvantages of each method.

CCC: fluoroscopy, radiography, radionuclide ventriculography , SPECT, PET,

angiocardiography , echocardiography. Principles of an image (source and detector
radiation); natural and artificial staining; assignment methods - study of the
morphology (or) function; biological effects, contraindications for performance
projection and sections of the study, the advantages and disadvantages of each
method.

Algorithm ray examinations of the abdomen, ultrasound, Doppler, X-rays

(examination of the stomach, barium enema, stages of the study ), X-ray, computed
tomography, Holograph , cholangiography (cholecystocholangiography ), magnetic
resonance imaging, gepatostsintigraph , hepatobiliscintigraphy . Principles of
Image Acquisition (source and detector radiation); natural and artificial staining;
assignment methods - study of the morphology (or) function; biological effects,
contraindications for execution; projections and sections study the advantages and
disadvantages of each method.

Algorithm ray studies of the genitourinary system. Plain radiography, excretory

urography and infusion, retrograde pyelography, mammography, computed
tomography, solography , magnetic resonance imaging, nephrotoxicity
scintigraphy , radiorenograph . Principles of an image (source and detector
radiation); natural and artificial staining; assignment methods, study of the
morphology (or) function; biological effects, contraindications for execution;
projections and sections study the advantages and disadvantages of each method.

Topic number 6.
Drafting algorithm ray study of the musculoskeletal system, the thyroid system
and CNS.
Radiography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, scintigraphy,
SPECT, PET, radionuclide scanning, radiometry, solography. Principles imaging
(source and a radiation detector); natural performance; projection and research
sections. Radial anatomy of bones and joints, central nervous system and thyroid
gland. Analyze radiation semiotics functional and morphological changes in the
pathology of bones and joints, central nervous system, thyroid gland.
Choose the best method of radiation research to identify functional and
morphological changes in the pathology of bones and joints, central nervous
system, thyroid gland.

Topic number 7.
Fundamentals of radiological and ultrasound semiotics pathology of various organs
and systems.

Localization, number, shape, size, structure contours pathological focus (foci).

Character cell with contrasting natural - shadow enlightenment. Intensity of the
shadow (low, medium, high). Character cell with contrasting natural - resizing
shadow (general or limited increase and decrease), changes in the shape and
position of the shadows. Computer-tomography -densivnist shadow (hypo, hyper-,
iso). Localization, number, shape, texture, contours pathological focus (foci).
 Character cell with ultrasound - echogenicity (hypo, hyper-, iso-,-en).

Topic number 8.
Basics radionuclide and magnetic resonance tomographic semiotics-pathology of
various organs and systems.
Localization, number, shape, size, structure contours pathological focus (foci).
Character cell with radionuclide study, the degree of accumulation of the
radiopharmaceutical (normal, increased, decreased). Character cell with magnetic
resonance imaging - signal intensity in a magnetic field (hypo, hyper-, iso-,-en).

Topic number 9.
Radiological examination of the musculoskeletal system.
Age features of the musculoskeletal system ..
Radiological, radionuclide, ultrasound, CT, MRI. Radiological methods of
investigation of bones and joints: radiography, tomography, phistulography ,
pnevmoartrography , angiography, densitometry.
Normal anatomy and radial basic physiology of bones and joints:
planarnaosteostsintigraph , SPECT - scintigraphy. Basic principles of radionuclide
studies of the locomotors system, the radiopharmaceutical used for bone
scintigraphy. Radionuclide semiotics neoplastic lesions of bones and joints
(primary and secondary), common processes, traumatic injury, degenerative
changes in the musculoskeletal system.
Opportunities ultrasound, CT, MRI in the study of the musculoskeletal system,
indications for their use. The main indications and contraindications for radiation
studies of bones and joints.

Topic number 10.

Imagistic research respiratory system.
Radiation anatomy and physiology of the respiratory system.
Radiologic studies respiratory and their characteristics: methods for studying
morphological changes of the respiratory (fluoroscopy, radiography, fluoroscopy,
 linear tomography, computed tomography, ultrasound, magnetic resonance
imaging, bronchography, bronchial arteriography , CT and MR - angiography) ;
methods for studying the function of the lungs (inhalation and perfusion
scintigraphy , fluoroscopy), functional tests and their significance for the study of
lung function.
The principle of obtaining an image for studying the function of the lungs. The
principle of image readings and sequence of application of methods of radiation
research. Choosing contrast media and RFE. Age peculiarities of application of
radiation research lungs. Radiation anatomy and physiology of the respiratory
system: the thorax, the tracheobronchial tree, the roots of the lungs and pulmonary
pattern, their morphological substrate. Age features radial anatomy and physiology
of the lungs.
Plan radiation research. Indications and contraindications for a particular ray
method study of respiratory organs. Ray signs of respiratory disease: pulmonary
darkening fields or portions thereof, changes in lung picture and root of the lung ,
shift of the mediastinum . Feature eclipses in size, quantity, intensity, shape,
structure contours. Symptoms of ventilation and perfusion of the lungs. Study plan
review radiographs of the chest cavity, the construction of the algorithm further ray
examination of the patient.

Topic number 11.

Imagistic cardiac and vascular studies.

Radiation anatomy and physiology of the heart - vascular system.

Subject number 11. Imagistic cardiac and vascular studies.

Radiation anatomy and physiology of the heart - vascular system.

Radiologic studies of the heart, blood vessels and mediastinum and their
characteristics (radiography, fluoroscopy, echocardiography Doppler
echocardiography, radiocardiography radio ventriculography ventriculography,
coronary angiography, cacography ).

Classification of methods for study of priority (primary, extra), invasive (non-

invasive, invasive) obtained information (morphological, functional). The principle
 of image acquisition and requiring the use of radiological methods of heart,
mediastinum and vessels. Contrast agents and radiopharmaceuticals used for
radiation studies of the heart and blood vessels. Concept of endovascular
intervention and indications for their use. Age features use radiological methods.
Radial anatomy of the mediastinum, heart and great vessels: X-ray, ultrasound and
CT - anatomy in standard projections. Basic morphometric indications unaltered
heart and great vessels. Evaluation of the results of radiation studies of cardiac
function: M-mode Doppler echocardiography , dynamic radio cardiograph,
perfusion scintigraphy . Age features radial anatomy and physiology of the heart
and great vessels. Classification of lymph nodes and physiology of the heart and
great vessels. Classification of mediastina lymph nodes.

Topic number 12.

Radiological examination of organs and digestive tract.

Normal anatomy and physiology radiation alimentary canal.

Plan radiation research. Indications and contraindications for a particular research

method gastrointestinal tract. Radiologic study of the salivary glands: radiological,
radionuclide. Normal anatomy and physiology radiation salivary glands. Ray signs
of inflammatory and neoplastic lesions of the salivary glands. Xerostomia .

Radiologic study of the digestive tract: radiological radionuclide. Radiological

methods of investigation of the esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines:
fluoroscopy and radiography, artificial organs using contrasting X-ray positive and
X-ray Negative and contrast agents. Oral contrasting, barium enema, via enteral
contrast, angiography.

Radionuclide studies of the digestive tract: scintigraphy esophagitis, gastro

esophageal scintigraphy, scintigraphy intestine. Using radionuclide techniques for
investor diagnostic function disorders of the alimentary canal.

Ultrasound, CT, MRI of the digestive tract. Preparation of the patient. Indications
and contraindications for radiation research.
 Normal radial anatomy of the digestive tract: the location and anatomy of the
esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines. Radiation physiology of the
digestive tract: a sector function, vitality, motility and evacuation.

Topic number 13.

Radiological examination of the urinary system. Normal anatomy and physiology
radiation.

Radiologic examination of kidneys and urinary shlyahiv6 ultrasound (B-method,

Doppler duplex sonography ), radiographic (survey radiography, excretory
urography, ascending (retrograde) pyelography, angiography, CT), radionuclide
( dynamic and statistical renoscintigraphy, SPECT), magnetic resonance imaging.
Types X-ray curves. Radiopaque and radioactive pharmaceuticals. Classification of
the RFP. Radiation anatomy and physiology of the kidney and urinary tract.
Preparation of patients to the study. Indications and contraindications for radiation
research.

Topic number 14.

Radiological studies CNS thyroid. Ray signs of thyroid disease.

Ray imaging of thyroid ultrasound, radionuclide, radiographic, CT, MRI. Normal

anatomy and physiology radiation.

Ray imaging of thyroid ultrasound and radionuclide scintigraphy, CT, MRI. Basic
RFP. Preparation of patients with thyroid radionuclide study. Radiological
examination of the functional state of the thyroid gland; accumulation test with
131I, dynamic z99mTs-pertechnetate RIA hormone T-3, T-4, TSH, TSH, TG.

Indications and contraindications to one or another of the ray method study of the
thyroid. Compilation algorithm radiation research. Radiation semiotics endocrine
pathology: hypo-, hyperthyroidism, thyroid tumor lesions inflammation, abnormal
location of the thyroid gland.

Radiologic studies of the CNS. Radiological methods of investigation of the skull

and the brain (skull radiography, ventriculography). Hagiographic research
methodology CNS. CT and MRI of the brain and spinal cord. Radial anatomy of
 the skull, the brain. Ray anatomy of the spine and spinal cord. Algorithm
application of radiation oncology research. Ultrasound signs of tumors. Basic ray
signs of CNS pathology: traumatic injuries of the skull, brain, spine and spinal
cord; disease of the brain (ischemic stroke, intracerebral hematoma) infectious and
inflammatory diseases of the brain; hypertension syndrome. Ray signs of brain
tumors. Pituitary tumor. Interventional Neuroradiology.

Radionuclide studies of CNS (static, scintigraphy, SPECT, PET scan).

Radiopharmaceuticals used for radionuclide studies CNS