Class 12 Physics – Half Yearly Examination
Time: 3 Hours
Maximum Marks: 70
General Instructions
1. All questions are compulsory.
2. Question paper consists of 5 sections (A–E).
3. Draw diagrams wherever necessary.
4. Internal choice is given in some questions.
Section A (18 × 1 = 18 marks)
1. Which law gives the direction of force on a charge moving in a magnetic field?
(a) Lenz’s law (b) Coulomb’s law (c) Lorentz force law (d) Faraday’s law
2. The SI unit of permittivity of free space is:
(a) C²N⁻¹m⁻² (b) C²m²N⁻¹ (c) Nm²C⁻² (d) None of these
3. Resistivity of a material depends upon:
(a) Length of conductor (b) Cross-sectional area (c) Nature of material (d) Both a & b
4. A galvanometer can be converted into a voltmeter by connecting it with:
(a) Low resistance in series (b) High resistance in parallel
(c) Low resistance in parallel (d) High resistance in series
5. A diamagnetic substance has:
(a) χ > 0 (b) χ < 0 (c) χ = 0 (d) None of these
6. Which graph shows correct variation of capacitive reactance with frequency?
7. The energy stored in an inductor carrying current I is:
(a) LI² (b) ½LI² (c) L²I (d) ½L²I²
8. Which EM wave is used in TV communication?
(a) Microwaves (b) Infrared (c) Ultraviolet (d) X-rays
9. Potential due to an electric dipole varies as:
(a) 1/r (b) 1/r² (c) 1/r³ (d) r
10. The magnetic field at the centre of a circular coil of radius r carrying current I is
proportional to:
(a) 1/r (b) r² (c) 1/r² (d) 1/r³
11. On doubling the frequency of AC, inductive reactance:
(a) Halves (b) Doubles (c) Remains same (d) Becomes zero
12. Which of the following is not a Maxwell’s equation outcome?
(a) Displacement current (b) Gauss law for magnetism
(c) Induced emf (d) Coulomb’s law
13. Kirchhoff’s first law is based on conservation of:
(a) Energy (b) Charge (c) Momentum (d) Power
14. The relative permeability of vacuum is:
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) ∞ (d) None
15. The unit of capacitance is:
(a) Volt (b) Coulomb (c) Farad (d) Tesla
Assertion-Reason (16–18):
16. Assertion: The resistance of an ideal voltmeter is infinite.
Reason: To avoid drawing current from circuit, voltmeter should have high resistance.
17. Assertion: Displacement current is same as conduction current in a capacitor.
Reason: Both produce same magnetic effect.
18. Assertion: Magnetic field inside a toroid is uniform.
Reason: Outside the toroid, magnetic field is zero.
Section B (7 × 2 = 14 marks)
19. Derive the expression for potential energy of an electric dipole in uniform electric field.
20. A parallel plate capacitor has capacitance C. A dielectric slab of dielectric constant K is
fully inserted. What will be the new capacitance?
21. Draw I–V graph of an ohmic conductor and a non-ohmic device.
22. A cell of emf 1.5 V and internal resistance 0.5 Ω is connected to a resistor of 3 Ω. Find
current and terminal voltage.
23. A bar magnet is placed in uniform magnetic field. Write expressions for torque and
potential energy.
24. Write any two differences between paramagnetism and ferromagnetism.
25. A 50 Ω resistor is connected to 220 V, 50 Hz AC supply. Find RMS current and power
consumed.
Section C (5 × 3 = 15 marks)
26. Derive expression for electric field on axial line of an electric dipole.
27. Define mutual inductance. Derive expression for emf induced in a coil placed in a time-
varying magnetic field.
28. Two capacitors of 4 μF and 6 μF are connected in parallel across 100 V. Find equivalent
capacitance, charge on each, and total energy stored.
29. Derive expression for self-inductance of a long solenoid.
30. State characteristics of electromagnetic waves.
Section D (3 × 5 = 15 marks)
31. (a) Derive expression for force per unit length between two parallel current-carrying
conductors. Hence define 1 Ampere.
(b) Two wires carrying 3 A each are separated by 2 m. Find force per unit length between
them.
32. (a) Derive expression for capacitance of parallel plate capacitor.
(b) Two point charges +2 μC and –2 μC are placed 2 m apart. Find electric field intensity
at midpoint.
33. (a) Derive expression for induced emf in a rotating coil in uniform magnetic field.
(b) A coil of 200 turns and area 0.02 m² is rotated at 300 rpm in magnetic field of 0.1 T.
Find maximum emf.
Section E (2 × 4 = 8 marks)
Case Study 1: (Electrostatics)
Read the passage and answer:
The potential at a point in electric field is defined as work done per unit charge in bringing test
charge from infinity. The energy stored in capacitor is ½CV².
Q1. Define electric potential at a point. (1)
Q2. What is SI unit of potential? (1)
Q3. A 10 μF capacitor is charged to 200 V. Find energy stored. (2)
Case Study 2: (Magnetism)
A solenoid has 500 turns/m carrying current 2 A. Magnetic field inside is uniform and strong.
Q1. Write expression for magnetic field inside a solenoid. (1)
Q2. Calculate field inside given solenoid. (1)
Q3. How is field strength affected if number of turns is doubled but same current flows? (2)