MEASUREMENTANDELECTRONICSINSTRUMENTS(EE21004) TUTORIALII
POTENTIOMETERS Q1.Apotentiometerofthestudenttypehas15stepsof10and0.1Veachandaslidewireof11. Theworkingbatteryhasavoltageof3.0V. (a) With the dial set at 1.2460V, what is the Thevenins resistance of the potentiometer circuit as seenfromthegalvanometerposition? (b)Ifthepotentiometerisstandardizedagainstacellmarked1.01920Vbutactually1.01884V,what isthereadinggivenwhenbalancingasourceof0.6262V? (c)Thepotentiometerisasdescribedabove,exceptthatthe0.1Vto0.2Vstepis10.2andthe0.9v to1.0Vstepis9.6.Standardizationiscarriedoutintheregularmanneragainstacorrect1.01900V standardcell.Whatisthereadingwhenbalancingasourceof0.2466V? Q2. The Working circuit of a potentiometer is shown if Fig.Q2. With a plug inserted at A the [Link] theplugmovedtoBthevoltagedrop xtoyistobeonetenthasgreat,but the working current drawn from the battery remains the same. Compute correctvaluesforR1andR2. Fig.Q2. [Link] a main dial of 15 steps of 10 and 0.1V each (on Range 1.0), and a slide wire of 11 together with the range changing resistors and switch togiverangemultipliersof1.0, 0.1and0.01showninFig.Q3. (a) Determine the correct resistancesofR1,R2,R3,R4. (b)Determinethetappointx on R1, so that the potentiometer may be standardized on Range 0.1, againstacellof1.01900Vemf. Fig.Q3. Q4.Apotentiometerofthestudenttypehasamaindialwith15stepseachof0.1Vand10anda [Link] resistance is 200 and a sensistivity of 0.25A/mm. An emf of 0.6108V with internalresistance of 152ismeasured.Theworkingcurrentisstandardizedcorrectlyagainstastandardcellof1.0190V emf. (a)Computethechangeofvoltagesettingonpotentiiometrdialtogiveadeflectionof1mminthis measurement. (b) Compute the resistance to be placed in series with a galvanometer to limit the deflection to 20mmfora0.1Vunbalanceofpotentiometersettingintheabovecase.
(c)Iftheconditionsareotherwisestated,butthemaindialstepbetweenthe0.9Vto1.0Vcontacts hasaresistanceof9.8,findthereadinggivenonthedialsfortheunknownemfgivenabove,after thepotentiometerhasbeenstandardizedintheusualmanner. GALVANOMETERS [Link],E=1.5V,R1=1,R2=[Link] the resistance R3= 350, the galvanometer deflection is 14.0cmandwhenR3=1080,thedeflectionis5.0cm. (a)Findtheresisstanceofthegalvanometer. (b)Findthecurrentsensitivityofthegalvanometer. (c)ForwhatvalueofR3woulddelectionequal7.0cm? Fig.Q1. Q2. The card attached to a galvanometer gives the following data: sensitivity = 0.004A/mm, coil resistance = 50, CDRX =300. It is being used in bridge measurements with an Ayrton shunt of 500resistance. (a) Is the galvanometer overdamped or underdamped under these conditions of use? Explain briefly. (b)Whatisthesensitivityofthegalvanometerwithshunt,shuntatitsmaximumsetting? (c)Whereshouldtheshuntbetappedtogiveasensitivity0.01asgreatasin(b)? Q3.Agalvanometerhasaresistanceof100ohmsanda sensitivity when used alone of 0.01A/mm. External [Link] withanAyrtonshuntof2000totalresistanceandtap points marked 1, 0.5, 0.05, 0.005 as shown in the Fig.Q3. (a)Determinethevalueofeachoftheresistorsa,b,c,d. (b)Whatisthegalvanometerdeflectionwiththeshunt setonthe0.05tap? (c)Ifthegalvanometerisnotcriticallydampedwiththe shuntasshown,determinethevalueofaresistortobe added to give a critical damping and show how it is connectedincircuit? Fig.Q3. Q4. A potential divider consists of a 2ohm resistor in series with a 5000ohm resistor, connected acrossa1.5Vbattery.Agalvanometerinserieswith1450ohmsisconnectedacrossthe2ohms,and givesadeflectionof10cm.Thegalvanometerdatacardspecifiesthecoilresistanceas50ohms,and theexternalresistanceneededforcriticaldampingas300ohms. (a)Computethecurrentsensitivityofthegalvanometer. (b)Computethemegohmsensitivity. (c)Computethevoltagesensitivity. (d)Underthisconditionsofthetestabove,isthegalvanometeroverdampedorunderdamped?