Engineering Data Analysis
Problem Set Second Semester, SY
2024 - 2025
Instruction Conduct hypothesis testing on the given problems.
Problem 1: [16 points] An automotive engineer is investigating whether there is a relationship between the
speed of a vehicle (in km/h) and its fuel efficiency (in liters per 100 km). The engineer records the speed and
fuel efficiency for 10 different vehicles under controlled conditions:
Vehicle 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Speed 60 70 80 90 10 110 12 130 14 150
(km/h) 0 0 0
Fuel Efficiency 7. 7.0 6.5 6.0 5.5 5.0 4.7 4.3 4.0 3.5
(liters/100 5
km)
The engineer wants to test, whether there is a significant relationship between speed and fuel efficiency.
Step 1: State the null and alternative hypothesis. [2 points]
Ho: There is no significant relationship between speed and fuel efficiency.
Ha: There is a significant relationship between speed and fuel efficiency.
Step 2: Set the level of significance. [1 point] α
=0.05
Step 3: Determine the appropriate test to use.
Test the assumptions: If the data failed to satisfy the assumptions for the parametric test, do not
proceed with steps 4-6.
Testing the Normality of Data
Use Shapiro Test to verify the Normality of Data [3 points for each line]
Data p-value Interpretation
Speed P 0.892 Normal
Fuel Efficiency P 0.872 Normal
Test for Homogeneity of Variances
Use Bartlett test to determine if there is homogeneity in variances. [2 points]
p-value Interpretation
1.19e-10 Not Normal
Test:[1 point]
Step 4: Determine the p - value. [3 points] Syntax
used: -0.997
p-value: 3.55 × 10⁻¹⁰
Step 5: Decision Rule [1 point] = REJECT
Step 6: Draw conclusion. [1 point] =
There is a strong negative correlation between speed and fuel efficiency. As speed
increases, fuel efficiency (liters/100km) improves (lower consumption).
What is the correlation coefficient, and what does it imply? [1 point]
Problem 2: [12 points] An automotive engineer is evaluating the wear rates of two types of brake pads on
the same set of 10 cars. The brake pads are tested under identical conditions, with one pad installed on the
left wheel and the other on the right wheel of each car. After a controlled test, the thickness reduction (in
millimeters) for both types of pads is measured. The results are as follows:
Car 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Pad A (Left) 2.0 1.10 2.20 1.63 1.2 2.24 1.41 1.87 1.1 2.16
4 1 3
Pad B (Right) 1.5 1.90 1.46 1.60 1.6 1.33 1.89 1.32 1.8 1.53
7 7 8
The engineer wants to determine whether there is a statistically significant difference in the mean wear rates
between the two types of pads.
Step 1: State the null and alternative hypothesis. [2 points]
Ho: There is no significant difference in the mean wear of the two pads.
Ha: There is a significant difference in the mean wear of the two pads.
Step 2: Set the level of significance. [1 point]
α = 0.05
Step 3: Determine the appropriate test to use.
Test the assumptions: If the data failed to satisfy the assumptions for the parametric test, do not
proceed with steps 4-6.
Testing the Normality of Data
Use Shapiro Test to verify the Normality of Data [3 points for each line]
Data p-value Interpretation
Pad A p 0.129 Normal
Pad B p 0.253 Normal
Page 2
Test for Homogeneity of Variances
Test:[1 point]
Step 4: Determine the p - value. [3 points] Syntax
used:
p-value:
Step 5: Decision Rule [1 point]
Step 6: Draw conclusion. [1 point]
Use Bartlett test to determine if there is homogeneity in variances. [2 points]
Problem 3: The Cars dataset provides the following characteristics for 150 car samples:
Problem 3: The Cars dataset provides the following
characteristics for 150 car samples
• Fuel type
• Car model
• Average fuel efficiency • Engine size
• Fuel efficiency under city driving conditions • Engine type
• Fuel efficiency under highway driving conditions
• Transmission type
Use the Cars dataset to answer the following questions:
1. Is there a difference in fuel efficiency between city driving and highway driving conditions?
2. Is there an association between a car’s engine type (Inline, V-type, or Electric Motor) and its
transmission type (Manual, Automatic, or CVT)?
3. Does the average fuel efficiency (miles per gallon, MPG) differ significantly among four car models:
Sedan Model A, SUV Model B, Compact Model C, and Truck Model D?
4. The average fuel efficiency for SUV cars is 23 miles per gallon. How does this average compare to the
fuel efficiency of SUVs in the dataset?
Question #1: [12 points] Is there a difference in fuel efficiency between city driving and highway driving
conditions?
Step 1: State the null and alternative hypothesis. [2 points]
Step 2: Set the level of significance. [1 point]
α=
Step 3: Determine the appropriate test to use.
Test the assumptions: If the data failed to satisfy the assumptions for the parametric test, use non
parametric test.
Testing the Normality of Data
Use Shapiro Test to verify the Normality of Data [3 points for each line]
Data p-value Interpretation
Page 3
Test for Homogeneity of Variances
Use Levene’s test to verify the homogeneity of data [3 points]
Data p- Interpretation
value
Test: [1 point]
Step 4: Determine the p - value.
[3 points] Syntax
used:
p-value:
Step 5: Decision Rule [1 point]
Step 6: Draw conclusion. [1 point]
Page 4
Step 1: Step
2:
Question #2: [12 points] Is there an association between a car’s engine type (Inline, V-type, or Electric
Motor) and its transmission type (Manual, Automatic, or CVT)?
State the null and alternative hypothesis. [2 points]
Set the level of significance. [1 point]
α=
Step 3: Determine the appropriate test to use.
Test the assumptions: If the data failed to satisfy the assumptions for the parametric test, use non
parametric test. [4 points]
Testing the Normality of Data
Use Shapiro Test to verify the Normality of Data [3 points for each line]
Data p-value Interpretation
Test for Homogeneity of Variances
Use Levene’s test to verify the homogeneity of data [3 points]
Data p-value Interpretation
Test: [1 point]
Step 4: Determine the p - value. [3 points] Syntax
used:
p-value:
Step 5: Decision Rule [1 point]
Step 6: Draw conclusion. [1 point]
Question #3: [36 points] Does the average fuel efficiency (miles per gallon, MPG) differ significantly among
four car models: Sedan, SUV, Compact, and Truck?
State the null and alternative hypothesis. [2 points]
Page 5
Step 1: Step
2:
Set the level of significance. [1 point]
α=
Step 3: Determine the appropriate test to use.
Test the assumptions: If the data failed to satisfy the assumptions for the parametric test, use non
parametric test.
Testing the Normality of Data
Use Shapiro Test to verify the Normality of Data [3 points for each line]
Data p-value Interpretation
Test for Homogeneity of Variances
Data p-value Interpretation
Use Levene’s test to verify the homogeneity of data [3 points]
Test: [1 point]
Step 4: Determine the p - value. [3 points] Syntax
used:
p-value:
Step 5: Decision Rule [1 point]
Step 6: Draw conclusion. [1 point]
Data p-value Interpretation
Page 6
Step 1: Step
2:
Additional Analysis: Conduct pairwise comparisons among the four car models. Complete the table below by
determining which pairs show significant differences. Under the ’Interpretation’ column, indicate whether the
two car models being compared are significantly different. [12 points]
Pairwise Test Used p - value Statistical Interpretation
Comparison Decision
Sedan and SUV
Sedan and Compact
Sedan and Truck
SUV and Compact
SUV and Truck
Compact and Truck
Test for Homogeneity of Variances
Use Levene’s test to verify the homogeneity of data [3 points]
Question #4: [12 points] The average fuel efficiency for SUV cars is 23 miles per gallon. How does this
average compare to the fuel efficiency of SUVs in the dataset?
State the null and alternative hypothesis. [2 points]
Set the level of significance. [1 point]
α=
Step 3: Determine the appropriate test to use.
Test the assumptions: If the data failed to satisfy the assumptions for the parametric test, use non
parametric test.
Testing the Normality of Data
Use Shapiro Test to verify the Normality of Data [3 points for each line]
Data p-value Interpretation
Page 7
Step 1: Step
2:
Test for Homogeneity of Variances
Use Levene’s test to verify the homogeneity of data [3 points]
Data p-value Interpretation
Test: [1 point]
Step 4: Determine the p - value. [3 points] Syntax
used:
p-value:
Step 5: Decision Rule [1 point]
Step 6: Draw conclusion. [1 point]
Page 8