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Essential Physics Formulas for Students

The document provides essential physics formulas for Class 11-12 covering topics such as motion, laws of motion, work, energy, gravitation, thermodynamics, waves, electricity, magnetism, optics, and modern physics. Key equations include Newton's laws, energy equations, and wave properties. It emphasizes the importance of regular revision and practice to strengthen understanding of physics concepts.

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lalipoojitha182
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7 views2 pages

Essential Physics Formulas for Students

The document provides essential physics formulas for Class 11-12 covering topics such as motion, laws of motion, work, energy, gravitation, thermodynamics, waves, electricity, magnetism, optics, and modern physics. Key equations include Newton's laws, energy equations, and wave properties. It emphasizes the importance of regular revision and practice to strengthen understanding of physics concepts.

Uploaded by

lalipoojitha182
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

■ Physics Formulas (Class 11–12 Level)

1■■ Motion and Kinematics


Velocity (v) = Displacement / Time
Acceleration (a) = (v - u) / t
v² = u² + 2as
s = ut + ½at²

2■■ Laws of Motion


Force (F) = Mass (m) × Acceleration (a)
Momentum (p) = m × v
Newton’s Second Law: F = dp/dt
Impulse = Change in momentum

3■■ Work, Power & Energy


Work (W) = F × d × cos(θ)
Kinetic Energy (KE) = ½mv²
Potential Energy (PE) = mgh
Power (P) = Work / Time

4■■ Gravitation
Force of Gravity (F) = G × (m■m■) / r²
Acceleration due to gravity (g) = GM / R²
Potential Energy = -Gm■m■ / r

5■■ Thermodynamics
First Law: ∆U = Q - W
Work done by gas = P∆V
Q = m × c × ∆T

6■■ Waves & Sound


Wave Speed (v) = Frequency (f) × Wavelength (λ)
Speed of Sound = √(γRT/M)
Doppler Effect: f' = f × (v ± vo) / (v ■ vs)

7■■ Current Electricity


Ohm’s Law: V = IR
Resistance (R) = ρ × (L / A)
Power (P) = VI = I²R = V² / R

8■■ Magnetism & Electromagnetism


Magnetic Force: F = q(v × B)
Magnetic Field due to a long wire: B = µ■I / 2πr
Torque on coil: τ = nBIA sinθ

9■■ Optics
Mirror Formula: 1/f = 1/v + 1/u
Magnification (m) = h■ / h■ = -v / u
Snell’s Law: n■sin i = n■sin r

■ Modern Physics
Energy of Photon: E = hf = hc / λ
Einstein’s Equation: E = mc²
De Broglie Wavelength: λ = h / p

■ Tip: Revise these formulas regularly and practice related problems to strengthen your physics
foundation.

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