Physics (ChapterWise Topics and Asked Questions)

1. Electricity (High Weightage)

Must Prepare Subtopics:
• Ohm’s Law (V = IR)
• Resistance (Series & Parallel)
• Electric Power & Energy
• Unit of charge, current, potential difference
• Heating effect of current (P = I²R t)
Directly Repeated Questions:
• Unit of Resistance? → Ohm (Ω)
• Unit of Electric Charge? → Coulomb (C)
• Electric Power unit? → Watt (W)
• Which metal is used in fuse wire? → Tin–Lead Alloy
• Which law explains relationship between current, voltage & resistance?
→ Ohm’s Law

2. Light (Optics)
Must Prepare Subtopics:
• Mirror & Lens Formula: 1/𝑓 = 1/𝑣 + 1/𝑢
• Image characteristics (real/virtual, inverted/erect)
• Human Eye & Defects
• Refraction & Reflection
• Power of lens (D = 1/f)
Directly Repeated Questions:
• Mirror used in vehicle’s rear-view mirror? → Convex Mirror
• Lens used for correcting myopia? → Concave Lens
 • Image formed by plane mirror? → Virtual & Erect
• Unit of Power of lens? → Dioptre

3. Heat & Temperature

Must Prepare Subtopics:
• Temperature conversion: °C ↔ K ↔ °F
• Specific Heat, Latent Heat
• Modes of Heat Transfer (Conduction, Convection, Radiation)
• Expansion of solids/liquids/gases
Directly Repeated Questions:
• Convert 100°C into Kelvin → 373 K
• Transfer of heat without medium? → Radiation
• Device used to measure temperature? → Thermometer
• SI Unit of Heat? → Joule

4. Motion, Force & Work-Energy

Must Prepare Subtopics:
• Newton’s Laws
• Equations of Motion (v = u + at, etc.)
• Work, Power, Energy
• Law of Conservation of Energy
• Momentum, Impulse
Directly Repeated Questions:
• Unit of Force? → Newton
• Work = ? → Force × Displacement
• Momentum = ? → Mass × Velocity
 • SI Unit of Energy? → Joule
• Power = ? → Work/Time

5. Sound
Must Prepare Subtopics:
• Nature of Sound Waves (longitudinal)
• Frequency, Wavelength, Amplitude
• Speed of Sound in different media
• Echo & SONAR
Directly Repeated Questions:
• Unit of Frequency? → Hertz (Hz)
• Speed of sound in air at 0°C? → 331 m/s
• Which wave needs medium? → Sound wave
• Which device uses reflection of sound? → SONAR

6. Gravitation
Must Prepare Subtopics:
𝑚1 𝑚2
• 𝐹=𝐺
𝑟2

• 𝑔 = 9.8 𝑚 /𝑠 2
• Difference: Mass vs Weight
• Free fall, weightlessness
Directly Repeated Questions:
• Unit of Gravitational Force? → Newton (N)
• Value of g on Earth? → 9.8 m/s²
• Who discovered Law of Gravitation? → Newton
 7. Units & Measurement
Must Prepare Subtopics:
• SI Units (Force, Energy, Power, Pressure, Work)
• Derived Units
• Dimensional Formula
Directly Repeated Questions:
• SI Unit of Pressure? → Pascal (Pa)
• 1 Horsepower = ? → 746 Watt
• SI Unit of Energy? → Joule
• Unit of Power? → Watt

8. Modern Physics
Must Prepare Subtopics:
• Types of Radiations (Alpha, Beta, Gamma)
• X-rays, Radioactivity
• Atomic Number, Mass Number
• Simple concepts of photoelectric effect
Directly Repeated Questions:
• Which radiation has highest penetration? → Gamma rays
• Cathode rays are made of? → Electrons
• Which particle has no charge? → Neutron

9. Magnetism & Electromagnetism

Must Prepare Subtopics:
• Magnetic field due to current
• Electromagnet & its applications
 • Fleming’s Left & Right Hand Rules
• Electric motor & generator (basic working)
Directly Repeated Questions:
• Device that converts electrical energy → mechanical energy? → Electric
Motor
• Device that converts mechanical → electrical energy? → Generator
• Rule used to find direction of induced current? → Fleming’s Right Hand
Rule

10. Miscellaneous But Sure-Shot 1–2 Marks

• Speed of Light = 3 × 10⁸ m/s
• Density = Mass / Volume
• Pressure = Force / Area
• Archimedes Principle → Buoyant Force = Weight of displaced liquid
• Pascal’s Law → Pressure in fluid transmitted equally
• Bernoulli’s Principle (conceptual only)
Important Formula Sheet (Quick Revision)
Concept Formula

𝐷𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒
Speed Speed =
𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒
𝑣−𝑢
Acceleration 𝑎=
𝑡

Work 𝑊 =𝐹×𝑑

𝑊
Power 𝑃=
𝑡
1
Kinetic Energy 𝐾𝐸 = 𝑚𝑣 2
2

Potential Energy 𝑃𝐸 = 𝑚𝑔ℎ

Ohm’s Law 𝑉 = 𝐼𝑅

Power in Electric Circuit 𝑃 = 𝑉𝐼 = 𝐼 2 𝑅

1 1 1
Lens Formula = +
𝑓 𝑣 𝑢

sin 𝑖
Refractive Index 𝑛=
sin 𝑟
𝑚1 𝑚2
Gravitational Force 𝐹=𝐺
𝑟2

Speed of Sound 𝑣 = 𝑓𝜆

Very Important
Repeated Question Answer

Unit of Electric Current? Ampere

SI Unit of Power? Watt

1 Horsepower = ? 746 Watt

Formula for Work Done ( W = F \times d )

Unit of Force Newton

Value of Acceleration due to Gravity ( 9.8\ m/s^2 )

Concept Formula

Speed of Light ( 3 \times 10^8\ m/s )

Unit of Energy Joule

Unit of Resistance Ohm

Heat Transfer Does Not Require Medium? Radiation

Unit of Power = Watt,

Speed of Light = 3×10⁸ m/s, etc.

Learn
Topic Frequently Repeated Question Pattern Answer / Formula

“A car starts from rest and attains 20 m/s in 4 sec. ( a = (v - u)/t = 20/4 = 5\
Motion
Find acceleration.” m/s^2 )

Work, Power, ( P = W/t = 200/5 = 40\ W

“If work = 200 J and time = 5 s, find power.”
Energy )

Heat “Convert 27°C to Kelvin.” ( K = 27 + 273 = 300\ K )

( 1/f = 1/v + 1/u → v =

Light “For a convex lens, u = –20 cm, f = +10 cm, find v.”
+20\ cm )

Electricity “A 2 Ω resistor carries 2 A current. Find voltage.” ( V = IR = 4\ V )

Magnetism “Direction of force on a current-carrying conductor?” Fleming’s Left Hand Rule

“If frequency = 256 Hz and wavelength = 1.3 m, find ( v = fλ = 256 × 1.3 =

Sound
speed.” 332.8\ m/s )

( W = mg = 5 × 9.8 = 49\ N
Gravitation “Find weight of 5 kg body. (g = 9.8 m/s²)”
)

Units “Unit of Power?” Watt (W)

Modern Physics “Which radiation has maximum penetrating power?” Gamma Rays

Topics And Formula

1. Ohm’s Law & Electric Circuits

Guaranteed Question Every Year

 • Formula: 𝑉 = 𝐼𝑅

• Resistors in Series & Parallel

𝑉2
• Power = 𝑉𝐼, 𝐼 2 𝑅, 𝑅

• Unit of current → Ampere

• 1 numerical almost always repeated (just numbers change)

Example (asked many times):

Two resistors 2Ω and 4Ω connected in parallel, find total resistance.

1/𝑅 = 1/2 + 1/4 = 3/4 → 𝑅 = 1.33Ω

Repeated Q: “Find resistance if V=6V, I=2A.” → 3 Ω

2. Lenses & Mirrors (Optics)

Every Year – Minimum 2 Questions

• Convex/Concave lens mirror formula

• Image position, magnification

• Nature of image (real/virtual, inverted/erect)

• Human eye defects (Myopia, Hypermetropia)

• Power of lens = 1/𝑓

Example:

A convex lens of focal length 10 cm forms image at 20 cm, find object distance.
1/𝑓 = 1/𝑣 + 1/𝑢 → 1/10 = 1/20 + 1/𝑢 → 𝑢 = 20 𝑐 𝑚

3. Heat & Temperature Conversion

Every Year – 1 or 2 Questions

• Celsius ↔ Kelvin ↔ Fahrenheit conversion

• Specific heat, latent heat

• Heat transfer methods (conduction, convection, radiation)

Example (repeated 3+ times):

Convert 0°C into Kelvin.

0 + 273 = 273 𝐾

4. Laws of Motion / Force

 Always Asked

• Newton’s Laws (esp. 2nd law → 𝐹 = 𝑚𝑎)

• Momentum & conservation

• Inertia types (of rest, motion, direction)

• Friction basics

Example:

What is the unit of Force?

Newton (N)
What is the momentum of 2 kg moving at 3 m/s?
𝑝 = 𝑚𝑣 = 6 𝑘 𝑔 ⋅ 𝑚/𝑠

5. Sound

Every Year – 2 Questions

• Speed of sound (depends on medium)

• Frequency, wavelength, amplitude

• Echo & SONAR principle

Example:

The speed of sound in air at 0°C is?

331 m/s

6. Gravitation & Weight

Asked in Almost Every Paper

• 𝑔 = 9.8 𝑚 /𝑠 2

• Weight = 𝑚𝑔

• Difference between mass & weight

• Universal Law of Gravitation formula

Example:

Find weight of 10 kg body on Earth.

10 × 9.8 = 98𝑁

7. Units & Measurement

Guaranteed 1 Question
 • SI Units (Force, Energy, Power, Pressure)

• Dimensional formula

• Derived units

Example:

Unit of Power?
Watt
Unit of Energy?
Joule

8. Radioactivity / Modern Physics (Occasional but Repeated Conceptually)

Almost Every Alternate Paper

• Alpha, Beta, Gamma radiations

• Which has highest penetrating power → Gamma

• Half-life, X-rays, Photoelectric effect (conceptual only)