Multi-Engine Add-On Check-ride Study Guide
One-Engine Inoperative Procedures
● List and explain the importance of the engine failure memory items
○ Proper aircraft control and airspeed
○ Advancing the throttles
○ Verifying gear and flaps retracted
○ Identifying the inoperative engine
○ Verifying the inoperative engine
○ Securing the inoperative engine
● Describe the process for dealing with engine failures at various points
○ On the runway
○ Immediately after rotation
○ Climb
○ Cruise at various altitudes
○ Approach to an airport in VMC or IMC
○ Below Vmc
● Explain how to determine whether to discontinue the departure during an engine failure
after liftoff
● Explain the considerations when determining whether to troubleshoot or immediately
feather the inoperative engine
Multi-Engine Aerodynamics
● Define “Critical Engine”
○ Identify the critical engine on the PA-44 and other conventional twins
● Explain the factors contributing to an engine being critical
○ P-Factor
○ Torque
● Describe the forces acting on an aircraft operating on a single-engine
● Define “sideslip” and explain the disadvantages of operating in a sideslip condition
● Explain why a sideslip condition may occur after an engine failure
● Describe how to achieve a zero-sideslip condition
● Define “Vmc” and explain its significance to engine failure procedures
● List and describe the conditions used to determine Vmc
● Explain how and why each of these factors affects Vmc
○ Propeller position
○ Operating engine power
○ Weight and CG
○ Configuration
○ Bank angle
○ Ground effect
○ Density altitude
● Explain the relationship between stall speed and Vmc as altitude changes
Performance and Limitations
● Compute aircraft weight and balance for given conditions
● List all weight limitations
● Describe the effects of CG location on aircraft performance, controllability, and stability
● Describe the effects of aircraft weight on performance
● Demonstrate the use of all aircraft performance charts
● Calculate and explain pressure altitude and density altitude
● Calculate the headwind and crosswind component for the expected runway
● Calculate and explain takeoff and landing distances
● Define and calculate accelerate-stop distance
● Describe the risks of attempting takeoff on a runway that is less than or equal in length
to the calculated accelerate-stop distance
● Explain the factors that may cause actual accelerate-stop distance to exceed what was
calculated
○ Normal v. Short Field takeoff effort
○ Time required to process emergency
○ Braking effort
● Describe your requirements for adequate runway length
● Define accelerate-go distance and explain why it is not published for the PA-44
● Define and calculate single-engine absolute ceiling and service ceiling
● Describe the risks of operating at a density altitude higher than the calculated
single-engine service and absolute ceilings
● Explain the risks of exceeding weight and balance limits during normal and one-engine
operations
● Explain why there is such a significant climb rate decrease on a single-engine
● List the approximate effects of flaps, gear, and propeller position on single-engine rate of
climb
● Calculate all necessary climb, cruise, and descent performance numbers
● List and explain all aircraft v-speeds
○ Describe the significance of Vle and Vlo
● Define Vxse, Vyse, and Vsse
Aircraft Systems
● Describe the two engines
○ Make, model, horsepower, RPM
○ Four-stroke operating cycle
● Explain the purpose of Electronic Control Units
○ ECU test procedure
○ ECU test abnormalities
● Describe the operation and benefits of superchargers and turbochargers
● Describe the procedures for handling an engine fire on the ground and in flight
● Describe the fuel system
○ Fuel pumps, fuel selectors, and fuel coolers
○ Usable and unusable tank capacity
○ Scenarios for use of fuel crossfeed
● Describe the basic operation of a carburetor
○ Carburetor ice indications
○ Use of carburetor heat
● Describe the hydraulic brake system
● Explain the electrical system
○ Alternators and battery
○ Cockpit electrical gauges and annunciations
○ Electrical busses and associated components
● Describe the process for dealing with electrical emergencies
○ Alternator failure
○ Risks of operating on a single alternator
○ Complete electrical failure
● Describe the landing gear system
○ Means of extension and retraction
○ Gear warning horn
○ Purpose of all electrical switches, including up limit, down lock, and squat
switches
● Describe the process for dealing with gear system emergencies
○ Emergency gear extension procedure
○ Landing with a defective gear
● Describe the constant-speed propeller system
○ Operation of the propeller governor, including flyweights, speeder spring, pilot
valve, and oil
○ Differences between on-speed, under-speed, and overspeed conditions
○ Procedures for handling a propeller overspeed condition
○ Purpose of “full-feathering” propeller
○ Propeller hub construction including spring, air charge, and counterweights
○ Differences between single-engine and multi-engine propeller systems
○ Unfeathering accumulator operation
○ Feathering lock operation
● Explain the operation of the cabin heater
○ Procedures for avoiding overtemperature conditions
○ Overtemperature protection and warning
○ Estimated fuel burn
● Describe the pitot-static system and associated instruments
○ Use of alternate static source
● Describe the avionics system
○ Primary components
○ Automatic and manual activation of Display Backup Mode
○ Airworthiness consideration with inoperative components
○ Navigation database currency requirements
● Describe the procedures for handling avionics failures
○ AHRS failure
○ ADC failure
○ PFD failure
● Describe the Automatic Flight Control System
○ Primary components
○ Appropriate use of all vertical and lateral modes
○ List the various autopilot disconnect procedures
● Procedures for handling autopilot emergencies
○ Autopilot malfunctions
○ Abnormal causations and warnings
● Describe the basic operation of the pitot-static system
○ Use of alternate static source