Simple / Compound / Complex Sentences
Simple (sodda) B1
Sub + Verb
I am working as a teacher.
Is he working now?
We don’t like chocolate.
Sub + Verb(1,2..)
I did not read my books and write an essay.
Technology allows for doing our jobs conveniently and
offers great help.
Examples for Simple Sentences
Tenses (Present simple / cont.. past / future )
Modal verbs can / should / must ….
Buyruq gaplar (Verb)
There be there is / there are / there was …
Compound (B2)
Kamida ikkita Simple Sentence larni (FANBOYS) lar
yordamida qo’shib yasaladi.
CCFOR / AND / NOR / BUT / OR / YET / SO
S+V, CC S+V
For (Chunki) (*gives a reason — formal alternative to
"because"*)
I was punished by the teacher, for I had not done my
homework.
* The project was delayed, for the team encountered
unexpected difficulties.
* He declined the offer, for it did not meet his
expectations.
* The policy was not implemented, for there were legal
concerns
. Students need to develop critical thinking skills, for
these abilities are essential for navigating complex
information in the modern world.
And (va)( *adds similar or supporting information*)
I bought several apples, and I took them home.
* The results were significant, and they supported the
initial hypothesis.
* The students completed the task successfully, and their
performance was praised by the teacher.
* The government invested in public transport, and it also
introduced eco-friendly buses.
The government is investing heavily in renewable energy
projects, and it plans to phase out coal-fired power plants
within the next decade
Nor (naa… naa) ikkita inkor ma’noni bog’laydi
Ex: Some people don’t exercise sport. They don’t follow a
healthy lifestyle.
Inkor sodda, nor so’roq gap (inkor emas)
Some people don’t exercise sport, nor do they follow a
healthy lifestyle.
Ex: I don’t like hot weather. I don’t want to go outside in
hot.
I don’t like hot weather, nor do I want to go outside in
hot.
* The proposal was not accepted, nor was it revised for
future consideration.
* She did not submit the report, nor did she attend the
meeting.
* The manager was not informed, nor was the team
consulted.
But (Lekin)
I use a new computer, but it is sometimes frozen.
* The plan was well-structured, but it lacked sufficient funding.
* He is highly qualified, but he has limited experience in the field.
* The theory is popular, but it remains unproven.
The new policy aims to reduce carbon emissions, but its
implementation has faced significant public resistance.
✅ *Formal alternatives: “however,” “nevertheless,” “although” (for
complex sentences).*
Or yoki (*shows alternatives or options*)
You should bring your passport, or you are not allowed to
take exam.
* The organization can expand its services, or it can focus
on improving quality.
* Students must submit the assignment today, or they
will receive a penalty.
* The company can invest in research, or it may fall
behind its competitors.
Individuals can choose to offset their carbon footprint
through various programs, or they can directly reduce
their energy consumption at home.
Yet (Lekin) ajablangan holda (*contrast; more formal
than "but", and elegant in essays*)
I had the highest score in the competition, yet I did not
win.
* The solution appeared effective, yet it failed to produce
consistent results.
* The region is wealthy, yet many of its citizens live in
poverty.
* She is highly respected, yet she remains humble.
Many people prefer to work from home, yet the
collaborative benefits of office environments are
undeniable.
So shuning uchun (*shows cause and effect — may be
replaced with “therefore” in very formal writing*)
I have two brothers, so I don’t have to clean home.
* The evidence was insufficient, so the case was
dismissed.
* The demand for housing increased, so prices rose
sharply.
* He lacked experience, so he was not considered for the
position.
Many people are becoming more aware of sustainable
practices, so demand for eco-friendly products is rapidly
increasing
⛔⛔ INFORMAL
S+V. CC, S+V
I am the smartest student in the class. But, the teacher
doesn’t like me.
S+V, CC S+V
I bought several books, and I read them.
I bought several books and a few pencils.
Complex C1
SC although / because / so that / which / if / when
…
S+V, SC S+V SC S+V, S+V
Although I am the smartest student in the class,
the teacher doesn’t like me.
The teacher doesn’t like me although I am the
smartest student in the class.
Because I had always studied hard, I could pass the
exam.
Each sentence includes:
* 1 independent clause (main idea)
* 1 dependent/subordinate clause (adds detail,
condition, time, etc.)
Although
Although the first research seemed to show a clear
link, later studies found other things that made the
results less clear.
Although this makes our original idea harder to
prove, it also gives us new things to research.
Although the way forward might not be as clear, it's
always good to try and understand things better.
Although some people might ignore these confusing
results, a good scientist will always look into them
carefully.
Because
The economy getting worse really hurt local
businesses because people stopped spending as
much money.
Many small businesses had to close because they
didn't have enough money to get through the tough
times.
The government started help programs because they
knew how important these businesses were to the
community.
So that
The city decided on new building rules so that new
buildings could be put up in a more organized way.
Planners carefully designed roads and pipes so that
they could handle more people in the future without
problems.
They also spent a lot of money on public transport so
that people would have good ways to travel without
cars.
Their main goal was to create a city that would last
so that people in the future could live well.
Which
The old book, which was found in a forgotten library,
had amazing information about a long-lost culture.
Its pages, which were thin and yellow from age,
described complicated ways of looking at the stars.
The language, which experts are still trying to fully
understand, suggests they knew a lot about space.
This discovery, which has completely changed how
we think about old knowledge, shows why it's so
important to protect old things.
If
If countries around the world don't deal with climate
change soon, there will be serious problems for areas
near the sea.
If sea levels keep rising at the current speed, many
low-lying places will become impossible to live in.
If we start using environmentally friendly methods
now, we still have a chance to avoid the worst
effects.
If individuals and governments work well together, a
more sustainable future is possible.
When
When the sun's first light touched the mountain tops,
the climbers started their climb.
When they reached the top, they saw an amazing
view all around them.
When they finally got back to their camp, they were
tired but very happy about their adventure.
However
The government started an exciting new plan for
education; however, many different groups of
people didn't agree with it.
At first, people liked the idea; however, as they
learned more, they worried about money and
changes to what students would learn.
Officials tried to answer these concerns; however,
people still didn't trust them much.
The success of the plan, however, will depend on if it
can change and deal with these problems.
Nevertheless
The team faced many problems while developing
their product; nevertheless, they kept going with
strong determination.
Money was always tight; nevertheless, they found
clever ways to use their small budget.
Important deadlines were coming up fast;
nevertheless, they still focused on making a good
quality product.
Their ability to keep going, nevertheless, eventually
led to a successful product launch, which surprised
everyone.
(because, since, as)
* Because the internet provides instant access to
information, students can research more efficiently.
* Since the cost of living has increased, many families
struggle to afford basic needs.
* As the population grows, cities must expand their
infrastructure.
(although, even though, whereas, while)
* Although the new law aims to protect wildlife, some industries
strongly oppose it.
* Even though the service was slow, the customers left generous
tips.
* Whereas public transport is affordable, it is often unreliable.
* While some people believe exams measure intelligence, others
argue they only test memory.
(if, unless, whether, in case)
* If action is not taken immediately, climate change will cause
irreversible damage.
* Unless students receive guidance, they may choose the wrong
career path.
* Whether we succeed or fail, we must learn from the experience.
* In case the server crashes, all files are backed up regularly.
(so that, in order that)
* The curriculum was updated so that it meets modern
educational standards.
* The company increased salaries in order that employee
satisfaction would improve.
(when, before, after, while, until, once, as soon as)
* When technology evolves, new job opportunities are created.
* Before the final report is published, it must be reviewed by
experts.
* After she completed her thesis, she applied for a scholarship.
* While he was studying abroad, he learned to speak three
languages.
* Until stricter laws are enforced, illegal logging will continue.
* Once the data was analyzed, the researchers presented their
findings.
B1 Grammar
Bemalol Simple Gaplar tuza oladi va asosan gaplari
Simple bo’ladi.
Complex / Compound harakat qiladi lekin ko’p xato
qiladi.
Xatolari sababli uning yozuvini tushunish qiyin.
B2 Grammar
Bemalol Simple / Compound larni tuzoladi
Complex da ham deyarli yaxshi, ba’zan xatolari bor
Lekin COMPLEX GRAMMAR da xilma xillik yetishmaydi.
Xatolari uning yozuvini tushunishga qiyinchilik
tug’dirmaydi.
C1 Grammar
Simple / Compound / Complex larni tuzoladi
Kamdan kam xatolar bor
Xilma xillik bor grammarida
Xatolari uning yozuvini tushunishga qiyinchilik
tug’dirmaydi.