First Order Differential Equations

DUT-FAST 2025 27/09/2025

1 Separable Differential Equations

Exercise 1. Solve the following differential equations

dy x dy
1. = 14. = tan(y)
dx y dx
dy dy y
2. = y2 + 9 15. =
dx dx x
dy dy 6x2 + 4
3. xy = y2 + 9 16. =
dx dx 3y 2 − 4y
dy y2 + 1
4. = 2
dy
dx x + 1 17. x2 + 1 = y2 + 1
dx
dy
5. cos(y) = sin(x)
dy
dx 18. y 2 − 1 = 4xy 2
dx
dy
6. = e2x−3y dy
dx 19. = e−y
dy x dx
7. = with y(1) = 3
dx y dy
20. = e−y + 1
dy dx
8. = 2x − 1 + 2xy − y with y(0) = 2
dx dy
21. = 3xy 3
dy dx
9. y = xy 2 + x with y(0) = −2 √
dx dy 2+ x
dy 22. = √
10. y
p
= 3 xy 2 + 9x with y(1) = 4 dx 2+ y
dx
dy dy
11. = xy − 4x 23. − 3x2 y 2 = −3x2
dx dx
dy dy
12. = xy − 3x − 2y + 6 24. − 3x2 y 2 = 3x2
dx dx
dy dy
13. = 3y 2 − y 2 sin(x) 25. = 200y − 2y 2
dx dx

24ECE Calculus II 1/5

2 Linear First-Order Equations
Exercise 2. Solve the following differential equations

dy dy 20
1. + 2y = 6 9. x+ (5x + 2)y =
dx dx x
dy √ dy √
2. + 2y = 20e3x 10. 2 x + y = 2xe− x
dx dx
dy dy
3. = 4y + 16x 11. − 3y = 6 with y(0) = 5
dx dx
dy
dy 12. − 3y = 6 with y(0) = −2
4. − 2xy = x dx
dx
dy
dy 13. + 5y = e−3x with y(0) = 0
5. x + 3y − 10x2 = 0 dx
dx
dy
dy 14. x + 3y = 20x2 with y(1) = 10
6. x2 + 2xy = sin(x) dx
dx
dy 2
π 
dy √ 15. x = y + x cos(x) with y =0
7. x = x + 3y dx 2
dx
dy
16. 1 + x2 = x 3 + 3x2 − y with
 
dy dx
8. cos(x) + sin(x)y = cos2 (x) y(2) = 8
dx

3 Substitution method
Exercise 3. Solve the following differential equations
dy
1. cos(4y − 8x + 3) = 2 + 2 cos(4y − 8x + 3)
dx
dy 1 dy y x
2. = 6. = +
dx (3x + 3y + 2)2 dx x y
dy (3x − 2y)2 + 1 3
3. = +  y   dy 
dx 3x − 2y 2 y y 
7. cos − = 1 + sin
dy 1 x dx x x
4. = 1 + (y − x)2 with y(0) =
dx 4
dy dy x−y
5. x2 − xy = y 2 8. = with y(0) = 3
dx dx x + y

Exercise 4. Solve the following differential equations

24ECE Calculus II 2/5

 dy dy
1. + 3y = 3y 3 . 3. + 3 cot(x)y = 6 cos(x)y 2/3
dx dx
dy 3  y 2 dy 1 1
2. − y= 4. − y= with y(1) = 3
dx x x dx x y

Exercise 5. Solve the following differential equations

dy y
 2
x dy √
1. = + 9. = 2 2x + y − 3 − 2
dx x y dx
dy √ dy √
2. 3 = −2 + 2x + 3y + 4 10. = 2 2x + y − 3
dx dx
dy 2 √ dy p
3. + y=4 y 11. x − y = xy + x2
dx x dx
dy 1 dy
4. =4+ 12. + 3y = 28e2x y −3
dx sin(4x − y) dx
dy
dy 13. = (x − y + 3)2
5. (y − x) =1 dx
dx
dy dy p
6. (x + y) =y 14. + 2x = 2 y + x2
dx dx

dy dy
7. 2xy + 2x2 = x2 + 2xy + 2y 2 15. cos(y) = e−x − sin(y)
dx dx
y2
 
dy 1 dy y
8. + y = x2 y 3 16. =x 1+2 2 + 4
dx x dx x x

4 Exact Differential equations and General Inte-

grating Factors
Exercise 6. Solve the following differential equations

 dy  dy
1. 2xy + y 2 + 2xy + x2 5. 4x3 y + x4 − y 4
 
=0 =0
dx dx
dy x dy
2. 2xy 3 + 4x3 + 3x2 y 2 =0 6. 1 + ln |xy| + =0
dx y dx
dy dy
3. 2 − 2x + 3y 2 =0 7. 1 + ey + xey =0
dx dx
 dy dy
4. 1 + 3x2 y 2 + 2x3 y + 6y 8. ey + [xey + 1]

=0 =0
dx dx
Exercise 7. Solve the following differential equations

24ECE Calculus II 3/5

 dy dy
1. 1 + y 4 + xy 3 =0 6. 2x(y + 1) − =0
dx dx
 dy
y + y 4 − 3x

2. =0  dy
7. 2y 3 + 4x3 y 3 − 3xy 2

dx =0
 dy dx
2x−1 y + 4x2 y − 3

3. =0
dx  dy
8. 4xy + 3x2 + 5y

dy = 0 for y > 0
4. 1 + [1 − x tan(y)] =0 dx
dx  
dy 2 2 x dy
3
5. 3y + 3y 2 + [2x + 4xy] =0 9. 6 + 12x y + 7x y + =0
dx y dx

5 Mixed Problems
Exercise 8. Solve the following differential equations

dy dy
1. x = 2y − 6x3 13. 3xy 3 − y + x =0
dx dx
dy  dy
2 + 2x2 − 2xy + x2 + 1

2. x = 2y 2 − 6y 14. =0
dx dx
dy
dy
3. 4y 2 − x2 y 2 + =0 15. y2 − 4 =y
dx dx
dy √
dy
4. = x+y 16. x2 − 4 =x
dx dx
dy √ dy 1
5. x2 − x=3 17. =
dx dx xy − 3x
dy dy 3
y − y2
p
6. xy − y 2 = x4 + x2 y 2 18. =
dx dx 1 + x
dy dy
7. = y 2 − 2xy + x2 19. sin(y) + (x + y) cos(y) =0
dx dx
dy dy
8. 4xy − 6 + x2 =0 20. sin(y) + (1 + x) cos(y) =0
dx dx
dy dy
9. xy 2 − 6 + x2 y =0 21. sin(x) + 2 cos(x) =0
dx dx
dy dy
= 2 x2 + y 2


10. x3 + y 3 − xy 2 =0 22. xy
dx dx
dy dy x + 2y
11. 3y − x3 + x =0 23. =
dx dx x + 2y + 3
 dy dy x + 2y
12. 1 + 2xy 2 + 2x2 y + 2y 24. =

=0 dx 2x − y
dx
24ECE Calculus II 4/5
 dy y y   
2 dy
25. = + tan 38. (y − x + 3) −1 =1
dx x x dx
dy dy
26. = xy 2 + 3y 2 + x + 3 39. x + yexy + xexy =0
dx dx
dy dy
27. 1 − (x + 2y) =0 40. y 2 − y 2 cos(x) + =0
dx dx
 
x dy dy
28. ln |y| + +3 =0 41. + 2y = sin(x)
y dx dx
dy dy
29. y 2 + 1 − =0 42. + 2x = sin(x)
dx dx
dy dy
30. − 3y = 12e2x 43. = y 3 − y 3 cos(x)
dx dx
dy 2 2 dy
31. xy = x2 + xy + y 2 44. y 2 exy − 2x + 2xyexy =0
dx dx
dy dy
32. (x + 2) − x3 = 0 45. = e−3x − 3y
dx dx
dy dy
33. xy 3 = y 4 − x2 46. = tan(6x + 3y + 1) − 2
dx dx
dy dy
34. = 4y − 16e4x y −2 47. = e4x+3y
dx dx
dy dy h
x2
i
35. (2y − 6x) + (x + 1) =0 48. = x 6y + e
dx dx

dy
dy
36. xy 2 + x2 y + 10y 4 =0 49. x(1 − 2y) + y − x2 =0
dx dx
dy 2 dy 2
37. y − xy 2 = 6xe4x 50. x2 + 3xy = 6e−x
dx dx

24ECE Calculus II 5/5