Design and Analysis of PID and Fuzzy Logic Controller for Simulation Performance 31

Design and Analysis of PID and Fuzzy Logic Controller for

Simulation Performance

Tien-Szu Pan1, Song-Yih Lin2

1 Department of Electronic Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Taiwan
2 Department of Industrial Design, Far East University, Taiwan

[Link]@[Link], linsongyih@[Link]*

Abstract control, etc. [1-5]. Some many algorithms and methods

have been developed for the design and auto-tuning of
In this paper fuzzy logic controller (FLC) and PID parameters [6]. The principal of the PID controller
proportional integral derivative (PID) controller are is to calculate an error value of the difference between
compared as for controlling the fixed armature current of the measured process output variable and the desired
direct current (DC) motor. The PID controllers are mostly set point. There are three separate constant parameters
used in factories for their powerful performance in the in a PID controller as proportional (P), integral (I),
operating conditions and simple tuning methods. By derivative (D). These three constant parameters are
using the Ziegler-Nichols method of frequency response respectively interpreted in a team of time proportional
to tune control parameters for the high order transfer (P) which is a term proportional to the error, integral (I)
function of fixed armature current of DC motor. Fuzzy which is a term proportional to the integral of error
logic has become the most popular and successful concerning time, derivative (D) which is a term
technologies for developing a sophisticated control proportional to the derivative of error for a time. The
system. FLC using smaller fuzzy control rules is quality of a control system mostly relies upon settling
proposed. By using MATLAB/SIMULINK to simulate
time ( Ts ), rise time ( Tr ), and overshoot ( M p ) [7]. To
high order transfer function, the simulation results and
performance are analyzed, it shows the effectiveness of have fine control of a system, we need to optimally
the proposed fuzzy logic controller is better than the adjust or tune these time variables to get lower
designed ZN tuned PID controller and fine-tuned PID. To overshoots, smaller settling time, and other variations.
analyze the influence of membership function, three By finely tuned parameters, PID controllers will give
kinds of triangular membership functions and three types strong and reliable function in the process of system
of membership functions are proposed to evaluate output control. There was much researches to explained
responses. It suggests the intersection of boundary for tuning methods [8-9]. The Ziegler-Nichlos (ZN)
triangular membership function is half. The performance technique was usually adopted in PID controls among
of the triangular type membership function is better than these tuning methods. Ziegler-Nichlos introduced two
the trapezoidal and Gaussian membership function in this methods to finely tune the parameters, a frequency
study. response method and a step response method. The
frequency response method is more reliable than the
Keywords: PID controller, Fuzzy logic, Tune method, step response method [8-9].
Simulation In the design of control systems, there are problems
related to undesirable overshoot, longer settling times,
1 Introduction and vibrations that are needed to overcome during the
process from one state to another state. Sometimes it is
As the rapid development of technology, the difficult to have accurate models for a nonlinear
intelligent system engineering is becoming more and system in the real world. The conventional PID
more popular and interested in many fields. The controllers usually need a numerical model and do not
controller is an important element in intelligent perform well for nonlinear systems in most cases.
systems. The proportional integral derivative (PID) Therefore, we need further advanced control
controller is adopted in most industrial control systems. technologies to be utilized to minimize noise effects
PID controllers are widely employed for easy and overshoot. There are three techniques to an
understanding and operating, simple structure, and intelligent control system to overcome these difficulties:
powerful performance in many areas as DC motor, knowledge-based expert systems, fuzzy logic, and
automotive, car control, intelligent robot and air flight neural networks [10]. The fuzzy logic was firstly

*
Corresponding Author: Song-Yih Lin; E-mail: linsongyih@[Link]
DOI: 10.3966/160792642021012201003
 Design and Analysis of PID and Fuzzy Logic Controller for Simulation Performance 39

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