ANSWERS
2017 U1+2
Q6
Which of the following C2H4 lists substances in increasing strength of intermolecular forces?
a. H2 < C2H4 < C2H6 < C2H5Cl < H2O
b. C2H4 < C2H5OH < Cl2 < NH3 < H2O
c. Cl2 < NH3 < C2H4 < H2O < C2H5OH
d. NH3 < Cl2 < C2H5OH < C2H4 < H2O
Q16
Which of the diagrams below illustrates a hydrogen bond shown with a dotted line?
(a) (b)
(c)
(d)
Q21
Table 1 below shows values for the boiling points of various hydrocarbons at
one atmosphere pressure.
Hydrocarbon Boiling point (oC)
Octane C8H18 126
Benzene C6H6 80
Water H2O 100
Hexane C6H14 69
Table 1
What facts can be deduced from the data in Table 1?
a. Water has a greater strength of dispersion forces than hexane
b. Hexane has greater dipole-dipole forces than benzene
c. The dispersion forces in octane are greater than the hydrogen-bonding forces
in water
d. Octane is a more polar molecule than benzene or water
Question 29 (9 marks)
The diagram above shows the enthalpy graph for a reaction where 0.50 mole of ammonium
cyanate
(NH4OCN) crystals dissolves in water: NH4OCN (s) → NH4+(aq) + OCN-(aq)
(a) Which bonds are stronger, the NH4+ to OCN- bonds in the NH4OCN crystals or the
bonds existing between H2O and NH4+ ions and H2O and OCN- ions? Explain.
(2 marks)
The ion-dipole bonds of H2O-to-NH4+ and H2O-to-OCN- must be stronger than the
ionic bonds in NH4OCN crystals (NH4+ to OCN-)
Because the graphs shows the separated ions have a higher enthalpy (bond
energy) value.
2018 U1+2
Q3
Consider the structural drawing of an ethanol molecule shown below.
Which of the following statements regarding this molecule is not correct?
a. It has 7 polar bonds.
b. It has 1 non-polar bond.
c. It is a polar molecule.
d. It is a symmetrical molecule.
Q5
Ethanol has a boiling point of 78.4 °C. Therefore, if a sample of ethanol was compared to a
sample of water at 25 °C, it must be true that;
1. the vapour pressure of ethanol is greater than that of water.
2. the intermolecular forces in ethanol are stronger than those in water.
3. the density of ethanol is greater than that of water.
4. the boiling point of ethanol is higher than that of water.
Q28 (b)
Draw a labelled diagram showing how dissolved Ba2+ and Cl- ions would interact with the
water molecules in the ocean.
(3 marks)
2019 U1+2
Question 26
Consider the solubility data provided in the table below.
Substance Solubility in water at 25 °C
KCl 254 g L-1
SO2 94.0 g L-1
I2 0.290 g L-1
(a) Explain, in terms of intermolecular forces, the differing solubilities of SO2 and I2 in
water. (4 marks)
Iodine is non polar and only contains dispersion forces
Sulfur dioxide is polar and contains dispersion forces and dipole-
dipole forces
Water is highly polar and contains dispersion forces, dipole-
dipole forces and hydrogen bonding
The type and strength of intermolecular forces within water and
sulfur dioxide are more similar, therefore sulfur dioxide will be able to
form stronger forces of attraction with water than iodine
Or
SO2 is polar
I2 is non-polar
Water is polar
As polar substances dissolve in polar substances, SO2 will have
high solubility and I2 will have low solubility